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Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies Centre for Languages and Translation Studies University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan Editor-in-chief Professor Dr. Shabbir Atiq (Vice Chancellor, University of Gujrat) Editor: Dr. Ghulam Ali Co-Editor: Dr Kanwal Zahra Editorial Board 1. Prof Dr Farish Ullah Yousafzai (University of Gujrat) Pakistan 2. Dr Zahid Yousaf (University of Gujrat) Pakistan 3. Dr Muhammad Mushtaq (University of Gujrat) Pakistan 4. Dr Faisal Mirza (University of Gujrat) Pakistan Editorial Advisory Board 1. Prof. Dr. Luise Von Flotow (Ottawa University) 2. Dr. Salah Basalamah (Ottawa University) 3. Dr. Joan L.G. Baart (Linguistic Consultant, Dallas, TX) USA 4. Prof. Dr. Gayatri Chakravorti Spivak (Columbia University, New York) USA 5. Prof. Dr. Susan Bassnett (University of Warwick) UK 6. Dr. Kathryn Batchelor (University of Nottingham) UK 7. Dr. Alex Ho-Cheong Leung (Lecturer, Northumbria University, Newcastle) UK 8. Professor, Dr. Miriam Butt (University of Konstanz) Germany 9. Dr. Ali Sorayyaei Azar School of Education and Social Sciences, Management & Science University (MSU), Malaysia 10. Prof. Dr. Zakharyin, Boris Alexeyevich (HOD, Indian Philology, Moscow State University) Russia 11. Dr. Liudmila Victorovna Khokhlova (Depart: of Indian Philology, Moscow State Uni) Russia 12. Dr. Masood Khoshsaligheh (AP, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad), Iran 13. Dr. Abdolmohammad Movahhed (Persian Gulf University, Bushehr), Iran 14. Dr. Abdul Fateh Omer (Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz University), Egypt 15. Prof. Gopi Chand Narang (Professor Emeritus, University of Delhi) India 16. Prof. Dr. Samina Amin Qadir (VC, FJWU, Rawalpindi),Pakistan 17. Prof. Dr. Nasir Jamal Khattak (Chairman, English, University of Peshawar) Pakistan 18. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Qasim Bughio (Ex. Pro VC, University of Sindh), Pakistan 19. Prof. Dr. Raja Nasim Akhter (AJ & K University, Muzaffarabad), Pakistan 20. Dr. Mirza Hamid Baig (Ex. Dean Islamia College, Railway Road, Lahore) Pakistan 21. Prof. Dr. Tabassum Kashmiri (GC University, Lahore), Pakistan 22. Prof. Dr. Sarmad Hussain (Centre for Language Engineering, UET, Lahore) Pakistan 23. Dr. Aftab Ahmed (BUITEMS, Quetta),Pakistan 24. Dr. M. Safeer Awan (Prof, English, NUML, Islamabad), Pakistan 25. Dr Muhammad Shaban (Chairperson English UMT, Lahore) Sub-Editors: 1. Dr Muhammad Javed Iqbal 2. Mr Raza-e-Mustafa 3. Ms Faria ShaheenMr 4. Muhammad Kamran Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies, UOG, Issue 2019, No. 2 ABOUT AUTHORS Shamshad Rasool PhD Scholar, Department of English, BZU, Multan Dr Saiqa Imtiaz Asif Professor, Department of English ,BZU, Multan Ashfaq Hussain PhD Scholar, School of Media & Communication Studies (SMCS), University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore Prof Dr Taimoor-ul- Professor & Dean of Media & Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Hassan Lahore Ghulam Shabir Professor, School of Media & Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Lahore Mehwish Noor PhD Scholar, Department of English, University of Gujrat Dr Behzad Anwar Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Gujrat Muhammad Alam PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Dr. Muhammad Sarwar Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Dr Kanwal Zahra Assitant Professor, CeLTS, UOG Dr Sumaira Rashid Assistant Professor, FC College, Lahore Mr Mian Imran Masood VC, University of South Asia, Lahore Dr Nazir Ahmed Malik Professor, UOL, Chinab Campus, Gujrat Muhammad Mooneeb Ali Government Science College, Wahdat Road, Lahore Dr Ajmal Gulzar Associate Professor, AIOU, Islamabad Amna Anwar Lecturer, Rawalpindi Women University, 6TH Road, Rawalpindi Dr Ghulam Ali Assitant Professor, CeLTS, UOG Dr Rao Imran Habib Assistant Professor, BZU Gillani Law College, Multan Ms Salma Shaheen PhD Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Gujrat Atif Ali Jaffri Associate Prof, Department of Economics, University of Gujrat Dr Jamil Asghar Assistant Professor, NUML, Islamabad Dr Muhammad Iqbal Associate Professor, Zamindara College, Gujrat Dr Khurram Shahzad Assistant Professor, NUML, Islamabad Ms Islam Bibi Lecturer, Department of English, University of Malakand, KPK Dr Tariq Khan Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Malakand, KPK Mr Aziz Ahmad Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Malakand, KPK Dr Ahmad Nadeem Assitant Professor, Govt. Ambala Muslim College, Sargodha Mr Nooruddin PhD Scholar, Department of English, University of Gujrat Dr Muhammad Nawaz Assistant Professor COMSATS University, Islamabad Dr Muhammad Javed Lecturer, CeLTS, UOG Iqbal Dr Mazhar Hayat Professor, Department of English, GCU, Faisalabad Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies, UOG, Issue 2019, No. 2 PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF LANGUAGES AND TRANSLATION STUDIES CONTENTS 1. Gender Representation in The Primary Level Mathematics Textbooks of Punjab .................................................................................................................. 4 2. Structural and Functional Analyses of Discipline-Specific Lexical Bundles .... 24 3. Social Integrative Needs & Use Of Social Media: A Comparative Study of Gratifications Sought And Gratification Obtained ............................................. 53 4. Teacher as a Role Model in Developing Critical Thinking in Foreign Language Classroom........................................................................................................... 82 5. On Formal Distinction Between Intra-Sentential Code-Switching and Borrowing .......................................................................................................... 94 6. Effect of Content and Language Integrated Modular Approach (Clima) on English Speaking Skill of Prospective Teachers with Low, Medium and High Achievement .................................................................................................... 110 7. Rewriting of Legalese: A Descriptive Analysis of Urdu Translation of Latin Legal Maxims............................................................................................................. 121 8. Spillover of Global and Country Specific External Conditions on Economic Growth Of Pakistan .......................................................................................... 138 9. Tracing the Ideological Perspective of George Sale’s Translation of The Holy Qur’an: Critical Analysis of George Sale’s Preface Entitled ‘To the Reader’.150 10. An Analysis of Lexical Effects of English Language on Khowar (Chitral’s Regional Language) ......................................................................................... 165 11. Transparency in Translation: A Corpus-Based Study of Contemporary English- Translated Fiction from Urdu And Non-Translated English Fiction ............... 174 12. The Challenge of Quranic Translation and the Question Of Gender Accuracy .......................................................................................................... 186 Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies, UOG, Issue 2019, No. 2 GENDER REPRESENTATION IN THE PRIMARY LEVEL MATHEMATICS TEXTBOOKS OF PUNJAB Shamshad Rasool & Saiqa Imtiaz Asif Abstract Gender has been a matter of concern across the world since the 1970s and gender issues in textbooks has become an international agenda since the Dakar Declaration. This study1 has been conducted to examine the trend of gendered representations and messages in the textbooks by conducting a content analysis of the primary school mathematics textbooks currently being used for grade 1 to 5. The Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board has published the textbooks. The framework draws on the stance of liberal feminism. The study finds that the mathematics textbooks contain gendered social constructions and stereotypical representations of males and females. They are not paving the way towards gender parity through the eradication of gender stereotypes. Key Words: Bias, gender issues, stereotypes, social construction, textbooks. 1 This article is based on my Ph. D dissertation. 4 Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies, UOG, Issue 2019, No. 2 1. Introduction The portrayal of gender in textbooks has drawn a particular interest since the inception of the second-wave feminism in the 1970s (Ullah & Skeleton, 2013; Yasin et al., 2012; Sunderland, 2000) that is an era of post-structuralism. Post-structuralism challenged the objectivity of language as well as fixity of meaning. After Foucault (1972, 1978 & 1980) identified the nexus of power, knowledge and language, the western feminists exposed the implied meanings and power patterns enwrapped in the discourse (Ullah, Khan, Khan & Ibrahim, 2016). Therefore, the liberal feminists (for example, Millet, 1977; Tannen, 1994; Crawford, 2012) turned to the representations of females through language whereas, previously, different models of the language used by women were the focus of the feminist researchers (Litosseliti, 2006). The liberal feminists like Crawford (2012), Tannen (1994), Butler (1990), Millet (1977) and Lakoff (1975) turned their focus to the tools and institutions which perpetuate and socialize masculinity and femininity. Thus, the educational setups and textbooks became a target of the gender researches. They challenged the biased constructions of genders in the curriculum as well as pinpointed the prospective repercussions on students' perception about themselves and the world they live in (Treichler & Frank, 1989) because the students