STRUCTURE PLAN for EDE and ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EDE AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project

NIGERIA

SOKOTO i KATSINA BORNO JIGAWA Y OBE ZAMFARA Kano Maiduguri KANO KEBBI

KADUNA B A UCHI Kaduna GOMBE NIGER ADAMAWA

PLATEAU KWARA Abuja ABUJA CAPITAL TERRITORYNASSARAWA O Y O T ARABA

EKITI Oshogbo K OGI OSUN BENUE ONDO OGUN A ENUGU EDO N L LAGOS A a M g o B s R EBONY A ha nits CROSS O IMO DELTA ABIA RIVERS

Aba RIVERS AKWA BAYELSA IBOM ii Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EDE AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033)

State of Osun Structure Plans Project

MINISTRY OF LANDS, PHYSICAL PLANNING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT iv Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project Design andLayout: Peter Cheseret GIS Assistant:Kazeem Tijani Urban Services/Transportation: Eng. BolaOlowe Governance/Gender/Anthropology: Dr. BoladaleAdebowale Urban, LandUse Planning/Local Economic Development: Tpl CharlesAlonge Urban Environment/Infrastructure: Arc Olatunji Bolu(Team Coordinator) Chief Technical Adviser: Professor Johnson Bade Falade CONSULTANCY TEAM Senior Human Settlements Adviser: Doudou Mbye Support Office(UNHAPSO),Abuja. Programme (UN-HABITAT), Nairobi andmanagedby theUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme This State of Osun Structure Plans Project, by the Nigeria wassupervised United Nations Human Settlements indicated. Excerpts from thispublicationmaybereproduced withoutauthorisation,onconditionthatthesource is HABITAT), theGoverning CouncilofUN-HABITAT oritsMember States. of thereport donotnecessarilyre or regarding itseconomicsystemordegree ofdevelopment. Theanalysis,conclusionsand recommendations any countr oftheSecretariatof anyopinionwhatsoever onthepart oftheUnited Nations concerningthelegalstatusof The designationemployed andthepresentation ofthematerialinthispublicationdonotimplyexpression D ISBN Number ( ISBN Number (Series): 978-92-1-133396-1 HS Number: HS/047/15E managed by theUnited Nations Human Settlements Programme Support Offi National ProgrammeOfficer:PaulOkunlola(ProjectCoordinator) Habitat ProgrammeManager:KabirM.Yari UN HAPSO Director, Regional O Director, Project Office:Alioune Badiane UN HABITAT Project Secretar Director, Permanent Secretary:Arc. Honourable Commissionerfor Lands,Physical Planning andUrban Development: Arc. Muyiwa Ige State Th W E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +(25420)7624266/7 P.O. Box 30030,GPO00100Nairobi, Kenya. Information Offices ordirectly from: United Nations Human Settlements Programme publicationscanbeobtainedfrom UN-HABITAT Regional and All rightsreserved Copyright ©United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), 2014 PROJECT MANAGEMENT: STATE GOVERNMENT Administrative Assistant:ElizabethOwolabi isclaimer ebsite: http://www.unhabitat.org is State ofOsun Structure Plans Project, Nigeria by AliouneBadiane wassupervised andDoudou Mbye and Governor: OgbeniRaufAregbesola T y own Planning: Tpl OladejoEzekielAkintunde , territor y: Volume): 978-92-1-132666-6 Tpl (Mrs)O.A.Oluwadare y ffi , cityorarea, orofitsauthorities,concerningdelimitationfrontiers orboundaries, ce forAfrica:AxumiteGebre-Egziabher

Wale Ojo

O F OSUN flect the views ofthe flect theviews United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-

ce (UNHAPSO),Abuja.

FOREWORD

Historically, cities have been of Structure Plans to guide the growth and develop- acknowledged as major drivers ment of these cities and their environs over the next of the national economy, which 20 years, spanning the period 2014 to 2033. The contribute substantially to the participating cities are Osogbo, Ede, Ilesa, Iwo, Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile-Ife, Ikire and Ejigbo. They also attract investments and create wealth, enhance This fully participatory project, which engaged all social development, human and levels of stakeholders in the communities, adopts technical resources and are repositories of knowledge the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability and agents of socio-political change. (RUSPS) methodology to propose the spatial contexts for promoting social, economic and cultural develop- Rapid population growth in the State of Osun, as is ment of the cities and their environs with respect to typical of Nigeria’s South West geopolitical zone, has the following identified thematic areas: Shelter and manifested in haphazard and uncoordinated physical slums; Local Economic Development; Transportation; development, overcrowding and diverse adverse conse- Urban Safety/Security; Disaster Risk Reduction; Basic quences for the teeming number of residents who flock Urban Services; Environment; Gender; Governance; to the cities in search of a better life. Consequently, our Heritage/Historic areas; and Land Administration. cities have become generally unsustainable, increas- ingly difficult to manage, and progressively unable to In addition, the Structure Plans seek to build capacity fulfil their potentials as engines of growth. and aid informed strategic decision-making among local communities, the Local Governments and State On assumption of office, my administration, with a Officials by setting the broad structure for the direction view to reposition the State of Osun to enable it attain of future growth of these cities, providing for the co-or- the potentials of its development agenda, adopted a dination of both present and future activities and public Six-Point Integral Action Plan as the foundation for services as well as in the provision of key infrastructure v charting future initiatives and programs of the State items like water, drainage, electricity and roads. government of Osun. The Integral Action Plan is hinged on the following six actions: We acknowledge that these Structure Plans would not be expected to solve all problems at the same time and ❚❚ Banish Poverty. would therefore be subjected to periodic evaluation and review in the course of implementation. ❚❚ Banish Hunger. I would like to express the appreciation of the Govern- ❚❚ Banish Unemployment. ment of the State of Osun to UN HABITAT and its Executive Director, Dr. Joan Clos, as well as officials in ❚❚ Restore Healthy Living. the Regional Office for Africa and the UN HABITAT Programme Support Office in Abuja for the Technical ❚❚ Promote Functional Education. Assistance extended to the State, the outcome of which is this very important document. I would also like to ❚❚ Ensure Communal Peace and Progress. commend all the consultants and technical experts who made tangible contributions to this effort towards It was obvious that in order to harness the potentials ensuring a better future for cities in the State of Osun. of the State’s significant urban population in achieving this laudable objective, the capacity of our cities to It is my privilege therefore, to recommend the Struc- support this development agenda and offer better ture Plan to all stakeholders in the State and urge living conditions to their residents had to be signifi- the full implementation of its recommendations and cantly enhanced. Hence, the O-Renewal Programme proposals by all concerned. was designed to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core areas in the nine largest cities in the State and, on the 9th of July, 2012, the State entered into a collaboration agreement for Technical Assistance with Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Governor, State Government of Osun, (UN HABITAT), for the development and adoption Osogbo, Nigeria vi Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project making components. to ensure validation ofthedatacollectionanddecision- Group Discussions andCityConsultationswere held RUSPS methodologyfollowing whichextensive Focus officials were alsotrainedontheapplicationof of Lands,Physical Planning andUrban Development Besides, consultantsandrelevant staffofthe Ministry hensive stakeholdermappingandengagementprocess. nature, whichinvolves acomprefully participatory (UN HABITAT), wasfoundedonitsinclusive and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme the Structure Plans exercise undertheguidanceof for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology adopted for The preference fortheRapid Urban Sector Profiling b. a. on thefollowing platforms: on afocusedurbanregeneration programme centred Physical Planning andUrban Development, embarked sola administrationthrough ofLands, theMinistry PREFACE Ora Osogbo, namely state, the in cities largest nine the in areas to sustainable growth over theperiod2014to2033. nine cities asanoverall framework to guidetheir radius of25kilometres from thecore ofthese The preparation of Structure Plans spanninga A state-wide regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core ngun, Ile-Ife, IkireandEjigbo. d, ls, w, krn Ila- Ikirun, Iwo, Ilesa, Ede, O-Renewal Programme Plan, the Ogbeni Rauf Aregbe- of itsSix-Point Integral Action and inlinewiththeoverall thrust ized ofthe country’s 36states which isoneofthemosturban- isation intheState ofOsun arising from unsustainableurban- In response tothechallenges designed - Planning andUrban Development, Osogbo Honourable CommissionerforLands,Physical Arc. Muyiwa Ige, possible. mented andperiodicallyreviewed tothebestextent proposals/recommendations are conscientiouslyimple- commitment toensuringthattheseStructure Plan and Urban Development, we would like topledge our On of Lands,Physical behalf of theMinistry Planning whoworkedthe Ministry tirelessly onthisproject. output; to and, deliveringthe entire a worthy staff of and stakeholders for their commitment other partners role onthisproject; theConsultantsand supervisory Programme Support Office(HAPSO)in Abujaforits theUN-HABITATfor theircontinuedsupport; notably theproject communitiesandtheirleaders butions tothesuccessfuloutcomeofthisproject, express ourprofound gratitudetoallwhomadecontri towards theexecution ofthisproject. Ialsowishto initiating thiscollaborationwiththeUNHABITAT of theState ofOsun, Ogbeni RaufAregbesola for I wouldliketoespeciallycongratulatetheGovernor Integral Action Plan. aims andaspirationsoftheState ofOsun’s Six-Point provide aneffective spatialplatformforachievingthe comprehensivea very process whichwe believe will These Structure Plans are therefore theoutcomeof - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Report has been produced cooperation and assistance of all the officials in the with the kind support and active various other State Ministries, Departments and collaboration of several people, Agencies (MDAs) who provided us with relevant data groups and institutions to who we and information for this report. owe our gratitude, although space would only permit mentioning a We specially acknowledge the support and few. cooperation of the Deputy Governor, Otunba Grace Titilayo Laoye, Obas in Council and community First, we would like to acknowledge and appreciate the leaders of the various communities covered in this vision and commitment of the Governor of the project, namely Ede, Ejigbo, Ijesa-land, State of Osun, Ogbeni Rauf Adesoji Aregbesola, for Ikire, Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile-Ife, Iwo and his commitment to actualising this Technical Cooper- Osogbo; Executive Secretaries of ation with UN HABITAT and for the full support participating Local Governments; members of in providing the necessary operational and logistical community development associations, Women resources for as seeing this project through to conclu- and Youth Groups as well as all trade and sion. professional associa-tions, for attending to the requests for information and their various We would also like to appreciate the Honourable contributions and assistance to the success of the Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban project, especially through their active participa-tion Development, Arc. Muyiwa Ige, for his passionate at the City Consultations in each city. Finally, we commitment and support to ensuring the comple- wish to acknowledge the selfless service rendered tion of the project on behalf of the State Government. in various capacities including consultants, Field Similarly, we wish to thank the various officials of the Assistants and all those too numerous to mention who Ministry who provided technical and logistic support, in diverse ways contributed to the successful in particular the Special Adviser to the Governor on vii completion of the project. Lands, Dr. Ayodele Owoade; the Permanent Secre- tary Ministry of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development, Arc. Wale Ojo; his predecessor, Mr. Kola Adetumbi; the Director of Town Planning, Tpl. Ezekiel Oladejo and, the Project Secretary, Tpl O. Dr Alioune Badiane A. Oluwadare as well as other Directors and Staff of Director, Programmes Division the Ministry. In the same vein, we acknowledge the UN-HABITAT, Nairobi viii

Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project focus onthefollowing: and aidinformedstrategicdecision-making withmain In addition,theStructure Plan seeks to buildcapacity Heritage/Historic areas; andLandAdministration. Urban Environment; Services; Gender; Governance; Urban Safety/Security; Disaster RiskReduction; Basic slums; LocalEconomic Development; Transportation; to the following identified thematic areas: Shelter and cultural development of Ede and environs with respect the spatialcontextsforpromoting social,economicand Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology, whichpresents RapidUrbanis theparticipatory Sector Profiling for and adoptionoftheStructure Plan forEde andenvirons Essentially, the engines ofgrowth. unsustainable andunabletofulfiltheirpotentialsas mental conditions,whichmakethecitiesgenerally aswell asdeterioratingsocialandenviron services, bourhoods, inadequateprovision ofinfrastructure and overcrowding andcongestionwithininnercityneigh haphazard anduncoordinated physicaldevelopment, undesired consequences,notableamongwhichare enon, unfortunately, hasoccurred alongsideseveral growth over the past half Century. This phenom experiencing unprecedented populationandspatial the country’s 36states,withtowns andcitiesinthestate geopolitical zone, ranksamongthemosturbanized of The State of Osun, locatedin Nigeria’s South West EXECUTIVE SUMMARY over framework overall regenera-tion the of the for Plan the of radius programme to Ikire of development the guide would which initiative, Ile-Ife, This Ila-Orangun, The largest the of nine for Plans the on project a initiated Settlements Human agree-ment cooperation Ogbeni Six-Point of State the challenges the address unsustainable effectively to order In participating olw hog o te tt’ O-Renewal state’s the on through follow the period2014to2033. cities are cities of af rgeoa tog a technical a though Aregbesola, Rauf nerl cin ln the Plan, Action Integral city Osun eind o eeeae one-kilometre a regenerate to designed core areas core raiain n aeutl position adequately and urbanisation approach adopted for the preparation cities of Ede therefore integrates elements integrates therefore Ede of Osogbo, to o ud is utial growth sustainable its guide to over taey ih rpsl fr an for proposals with strategy actualize rgam (UN-HABITAT) Programme in ih h Uie Nations United the with the next 20 next the these cities. The Structure The cities. these Ede, rprto o Structure of preparation iis n h State. the in cities the Ilesa, objectives State n Ejigbo and years, Iwo, Ikirun, Iwo, Governor, was also was of its - - - . ❚ ❚ Agbumgbu, Ile Ogungbira and Tonkere. Ojoro, Kuso, Ogbaagba, Ritarun, Lagun,Oludo, Area. Theseare Ede, Oba-Nso, Ologun, Apena, Oyada, ment. In allthere are 14communitiesinEde Planning Territory planningarea asdefined by the State Govern and Egbedore LGAs fallwithintheOsogbo Capital Local Government Areas. However, of Ede Northparts located withinEde North, Ede South andEgbedore Background: Ede Planning Area includes settlements EDE PLANNINGAREA of theirpopulationfalling to adjusted when -2033), the by Area Planning the projec-tion population The the for Ede of growth Osun. of State the its to largely due and Ede growth in Settlements LGAs, 159,866. is Planning Area Planning Population Census,the total populationofEde Population: According totheyear 2006 National for theStructure Plan. of thedatacollectionanddecision-makingprocesses were heldtoenhanceinclusiveness andallow validation areas. Focus Group Discussions andacityconsultation ITAT to collect required data onthe agreed thematic of theRUSPS methodologydeveloped by UN-HAB Urban Development were trainedontheapplication ofLands, staff ofthe Physical Planning and Ministry Through theadoptedprocess, consultantsand relevant ture itemssuchaswater, sewerage,electricityandroads. maximize efficiency inthe provision ofkeyinfrastruc areaswithin particular orgrowth corridorsinorder to Providing forastagedurbandevelopment strategy ❚ ❚ education, andsocialwelfare); development, employment, housing, transportation, ational publicandopenspaces)affectingeconomic (includingprovisionservices foradequaterecre present andfuture commercial activitiesandpublic Providing fortheco-ordination ofawide-range and considerations; ical, environmental andsocio-economicconstraints growth ofthesecities,taking accountoftopograph Setting thebroad structure forthedirection offuture have ra ntby n d Nrh n Egbedore and North Ede in notably Area, en xeinig ai population rapid experiencing been physical expansion of the built up area, up built the of expansion physical closeness to Osogbo, the Capital of Capital the Osogbo, to closeness h poeto fr population for projection The plan period was undertaken. was period plan end of the plan period (2014 period plan the of end reflect those with portions with those reflect for Local governments in governments Local for - - - - - outside the Planning Area is 443,844. The implications issues of space for economic, political and social activ- of the projected figures for meeting the provisions for ities for women and the vulnerable groups thereby Education Water Supply, Electricity Supply, Health, improving their access to opportunities and resources Sewage Disposal and Recreation were discussed. for wealth creation and Heritage, which showcases the cultural norms and practices of the planning area while DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN EDE exploring the deep traditional setting that defines their PLANNING AREA heritage in order to aid their development.

The settlement pattern of Ede town comprises two Environment covers all issues pertaining to the policy, distinct sectors namely, the built up older portion, legislative and institutional frameworks for environ- which is overcrowded with unplanned road system and, mental conservation to address issues that relate to the sparsely developed areas with open land which climate change; Urban Basic Services features several has been primarily used for agriculture. Residential issues relating to education, water supply, health Land Use accounts for roughly 87% of the developed facilities, electricity, telecommunication, sanitation area in Ede town (i.e. the total urban area, excluding and solid wastes; Land Administration covers the open spaces, roads and circulation areas, rivers, legislative framework for land administration, infor- streams and lakes); 8% for commercial uses; 2% for mation and management in the planning area; Urban religious use; 1.5% for institutional use; and 1.5% Safety; Disaster Risk Reduction; and Transportation for industrial purposes. assesses the existing transport system (networks and Also, the present land cover for industrial area is only the different modes) and auto-park facilities within 0.05 ha (0.00016%), which is the smallest category in the planning area in order to achieve a sustainable terms of land use coverage. This implies that there is trans-port development. not much industrial activity in the area. Commercial land use in the area covers only 2.86 ha (0.00913%) Upon analysis of the key issues, the preferred of the land area. This is because, on account of the Ede alterna-tive growth pattern proposed for Ede planning Planning Area’s close proximity to Osogbo, the State area is The Composite Model, which allows the capital, it serves mainly as an outgrowth of the residen- development of both the central and outskirt areas. tial population of Osogbo, as many people live in Ede This is based on the goals and objectives of structure and commute daily to work or carry out their commer- plan and it proffers short, medium and long time cial activities in Osogbo. planning to minimize the cost of relocating a large number of people and buildings. Slum upgrading is an essential strategy with potential ix for improving the landscape and scenery of Ede because STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND of the number of dilapidated and poorly maintained OBJECTIVES houses in the town. To achieve this, community mobilization and participation will be crucial. Areas The overarching Mission statement for Osun is with a large number of such houses include remote areas like Oja Timi, Olu Obinu, Baara. “To provide an excellent, efficient The various development issues in Ede Planning Area were reviewed through the profile studies and a and effective quality Government city consultation was held in the city. The following thematic issues guided the profiling and service that will result in the Structure Plan preparation: growth and physical development Shelter and Slums, which covers issues of sanitation, housing and security of tenure for a better and clean of the State of Osun as well as in city; Local Economic Development, which takes into account the socio economic development, employ- the improvement of the welfare ment situation and local economic base; Governance that is characterised by the institutional arrangements of its citizenry with a positive spill- for the different kinds of urban governance existing in the planning area; Gender, which highlights the over to other parts of Nigeria”. x Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ The specificobjectives are: and play”. an attractiveplacetolive,work educational andculturalfacilities of residential,commercial, that providethefullrange made upofthrivingcommunities will beadestinationofchoice “By 2033,EdePlanningArea likely, the S are changes unforeseen and uncertainty with tional vision of theevidencefrom theconsultationandoverall Plan local the implementation of the communities and supports The vision for vision The ❚ will provide forlocalbusinesses; support structure andanimproved localenvironment that and environs andproviding homes andinfra new Improving the overall environment of the cityEde is tructure Planvisionisasfollows: agenda. Th policies. of the based onathorough analysisandunderstanding State, inrelation tonationalandinterna Ed Although thenext erefore thevisionforStructure e also reflects the aspirations of the of aspirations the reflects also e 20 years is fraught - - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ which isbetterabletomeettheneedsofitsresidents. a more efficientandsustainablehumansettlement, ment therecommendations. Thesewouldmake Ede resourcesas well toimple asmobilisingthenecessary government, theprivate sector, NGOSandthepublic, therefore rely between oneffective the partnership The implementationof Ede Structure planwill ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ tectural, culturalorhistoricalinterest; buildings, andimprovement ofplaceslocal, archi To promote rehabilitation of andpreservation Reducing theimpactsofflooding,wastedisposal, walking, cycling, androad; publictransport Making Ede aneasyplaceto gettoandaround by Supporting localcommunitylifethrough educa Regenerating Ede Core area toprovide improved homes,includingfamilyhousing; mix ofnew enhancing the publicrealm, and a more sustainable environs businesses and byenterprise, supporting Improving the overall environment of Ede and infra-structure; meets localneeds; recreational activitiesandotherinfrastructure that healthcare, assets,communityservices, sporting tion andemployment culturaland opportunities, traffic and quality andquantityofcommercial,residential recreational usesinanattractivesetting; congestion, energy costs andutilities - - - TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v EDE PLANNING AREA v DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN EDE PLANNING AREA vi STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES vi INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 PREAMBLE 2 1.2 THE NATURE AND OVERALL PURPOSE OF THE STRUCTURE PLAN 3 1.3 METHODOLOGY 4 1.3.1 Overview of the RUSPS Methodology 4 1.3.2 Desk study and Fieldwork 5 1.3.3 Stakeholders Consultations 5 1.3.4 Technical Reporting 6 1.4 DEFINING EDE PLANNING AREA 6 1.5 LESSONS LEARNED 6 1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT 7 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND TO EDE PLANNING AREA 9 2.1 LOCATION, NATIONAL AND REGIONAL SETTINGS 10 2.2 EDE PLANNING AREA 11 2.3 NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 11 2.3.1 Climate and Rainfall 11 2.3.2 Temperature 12 2.3.3 Vegetation 12 2.3.4 Topography and Drainage 13 2.3.5 Geology and Soil 13 2.4 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF EDE 13 2.4.1 History 13 2.4.2 Population Growth in Ede Planning Area 14 2.4.3 Existing Land Uses in Ede Planning Area 15 xi 2.5 Other Settlements in Ede Planning Area 16 CHAPTER 3: DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN EDE PLANNING AREA 19 3.1 PROFILING THE EDE PLANNING AREA 20 3.1.1 City Profile Studies 20 3.1.2 City Consultations in Planning Areas 20 3.2 DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND PRIORITIES 21 3.2.1 Shelter and Slums 21 3.2.2 Local Economic Development 25 3.2.3 Governance 26 3.2.4 Gender 29 3.2.5 Heritage 33 3.2.6 Environment 35 3.2.7 Basic Urban Services 35 3.2.9 Urban Safety 48 3.2.10 Disaster Risk Reduction 48 CHAPTER 4: ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERN AND URBAN FORMS 51 4.1 URBAN FORMS AND LAND USE PLANNING 52 4.1.1 The Case for oreM Compact Settlements 52 4.1.2 Urban Forms 53 4.2 PREFERRED URBAN FORM FOR EDE 54 CHAPTER 5: STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 55 5.1 CONTEXT OF THE STRUCTURE PLAN 56 5.2 THE EXISTING FRAMEWORK FOR HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT 56 5.3 THE STATE OF OSUN’S OVERALL VISION 57 5.3.1 Mission statement 57 5.3.2 The bjectiveO of the State of Osun: 57 xii Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project APPENDIX 3 APPENDIX 2 IMPLEMENTATION OFPLAN AINABILITY APPENDIX 1 ACITY BUILDING 8.2 APPROVALOCEDURE FORPLANNING ANDDEVELOPMENT CONTROL 8.1 8.5 8.4 8.2 8.1 CHAPTER 8:STRUCTURE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOREDE TEGIC OBJECTIVES AREA FOREDEPLANNING UCTURE PLAN 7.2 7.1 USEPROPOSALSCHAPTER 7:LAND OJECTIONS FORBASIC SERVICES 6.2 6.1 CHAPTER 6:POPULATION GROWTH USESTRUCTURE ANDLAND (2014-2034) PLAN VISION, OBJECTIVESANDSTRATEGIES FOR THE STRUCTURE PLAN 5.4

opulation Projection forEde Planning Area isaggregated Population Projection forEde Planning Area opulation Growth Rate asic AssumptionsforPopulation Projections 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.2 trategies oftheStructural6.1.1 Plan Programme 5.4.3 5.4.2 5.4.1 nstitutional framework forStructure Plan Implementation ources ofFunding hasing oftheStructure Plan 8.2.1 trategic Implementation oftheStructure8.2.1 Plan 8.1.2. Of Implementationummary Policies8.1.1. AndStrategies isaster RiskReduction rban Safety ransportation 7.2.10 eritage, Culture And Tourism 7.2.9 7.2.8 7.2.7 rban Governance 7.2.6 7.2.5 Basic Urban Services esidential LandUse 7.2.4 7.2.3 7.2.2 7.2.1 lectricity Demand Projection rojections forEducational Facilities 6.2.2 6.2.2 Water Supply Projections 6.2.1 MONIT SUST CAP PR RESOUR PREAMBLE STRA STR PR POPUL THE

Environment Objectives Vision I S P S S D U T H U Local E R E P P D P B S ATION USEPROJECTIONS ANDLAND FOR AREA THE PLANNING

ORING EVALUATION ANDREVIEW OFSTRUCTURE PLAN CE MOBILISATION ANDFINANCINGOFSTRUCTURE PLAN

conomic Development

79 65 59 86 71 69 63 58 58 90 89 87 86 86 85 83 80 66 66 62 60 58 83 83 80 80 74 73 73 72 72 69 67 67 64 62 62 61 60 60 58 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 The USPSR Processes and Outputs...... 5 Figure 1.2 The deE Planning Area...... 8 Figure 2.1 Map of Nigeria showing the location of the State of Osun ...... 10 Figure 2.2: State of Osun showing Senatorial Districts and Local Government Areas...... 11 Figure 2.3 State of Osun Showing Structure Plans Project Cities...... 12 Figure 2.4: Average Rainfall in Ede Planning Area...... 13 Figure 2.5 Average High and Low Temperatures in Ede Planning Area...... 14 Figure 2.6 Topography of Ede Planning Area...... 15 Figure 2.7 Existing Land Use in Ede Planning Area...... 17 Figure 3.1: The aleM and Female Population in Ede Planning Area...... 30 Figure 3.2 Distribution of Regular Households by Water Source for Domestic Purpose...... 37 Figure 3.3 Access to Telephones in Ede Planning Area...... 39 Figure 3.4 Distribution of energy supply sources in Ede...... 41 Figure 3.5: Major Roads in Ede Planning Area...... 44 Figure 4.1: Illustration of the Dispersed City concept and the Compact City concept...... 53 Figure 4.2: Monocentric Model...... 53 Figure 4.3: Polycentric Model...... 53 Figure 4.4: Polycentric Model...... 54 Figure 6.2: Disaggregated Population Growth of Ede Planning Area (2014 - 2033)...... 61 Figure 6.1: Population of Ede Planning Area...... 61 Figure 7.1: Proposed Land Use Map for Ede Planning Area...... 66 Figure 8.1: Organisational Structure for Implementation of the Structure Plan...... 84

LIST OF TABLES

Table1.1 Participation in City Consultations held for Cities in Cluster 2...... 5 Table 2.1 Population Distribution of Ede Planning Area...... 14 xiii Table 2.2 Age Group Structure of the Population...... 14 Table 2.3 Classification of land-uses in deE (in km2)...... 16 Table 2.4 Communities in the Ede Planning Area...... 16 Table3.1 House Types in Ede Planning Area...... 22 Table 3.2 House Types by Ownership Status in Ede Planning Area...... 22 Table 3.3 House Types by Number of Bedrooms in Ede Planning Area...... 22 Table 3.4 House Types by Materials for Flooring in Ede Planning Area...... 22 Table 3.5 House Types by Materials for Walls in Ede Planning Area...... 23 Table 3.6 House Types by Material for Roofing in Ede Planning Area...... 23 Table 3.7 Existing Housing Estates in Ede...... 23 Table 3.8 The tateS of Osun: Gender and Governance Structure ...... 31 Table 3.9 Percentage of literate women and men age 15–49 (by States/Zone) in Nigeria...... 31 Table 3.10 Comprehensive knowledge of HIV prevention in Nigeria...... 31 Table 3.11 Maternal and Child Health Care in Nigeria...... 32 Table 3.12 Employment Status of Women (W) to Men (M) by State...... 32 Table 3.13 Electrification Policies and Strategies in State of Osun...... 38 Table 3.14 Educational attainment for male and female household population in the state of Osun...... 40 Table 3.15 Educational Institutions in Ede Planning Area...... 40 Table 3.16 List and conditions of Roads in Ede Planning Area...... 46 Table 3.17: Recent Disasters in State of Osun...... 49 Table 6.1: Estimated Population Growth Rates (2005 AND 2030)...... 60 Table 6.2: Population Distribution and Projections for Ede Planning Area...... 61 Table 6.3: Disaggregated Population Growth of Ede Planning Area (2014 - 2033)...... 62 Table 6.3: Average Yearly Population projections for Ede Planning Area (2006 – 2033)...... 62 Table 6.4 Projections for Educational Facilities Areas in Ede Planning ...... 63 Table 6.5: Electricity Demand Projections (MW) for the Planning Area...... 63 Table 6.4: Water Demand Projections for Ede Planning Area...... 64 Table 6.5: Electricity Demand Projections (MW) for the Planning Area...... 64 xiv

Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project Table 15 Table 14 Table 13 Table 12 Table 11 Table 10 Table 9 Table 8 Table 7 Table 6 Table 5 Table 4 Table 3 Table 2 Table 1 Table 8.2: Table 8.1: Plate 24: Source: Plate 25: Plate 23: Plate 22: Plate 21: Plate 20: Plate 19: Plate 18: Plate 17: Plate 16: Plate 15: Plate 14: Plate 13: Plates 9-12: Plate 8: Plate 7: Plates 2-6: Plate 1: LIST OFPLATES Table 26 Table 25 Table 24 Table 23 Table 22 Table 22 Table 21 Table 20 Table 19 Table 18 Table 17 Table 16 M M R R F R N Capacity buildingactivities2014-2034 P R O The N T A S T S V S S N M Curb Parking ononeSide N D R S Q D P S R R R N R 91 R R P V S Ar The Akoda-E Gbongan (Akoda-E M Camp A P E A tate ofOsun Official Website treet View ofEde ingroup discussionsduringtheIletakeholders participating Ife cityConsultation tandards forSocio-Cultural Activity Areas tandards forPlaygrounds pace Standards forServices et-Backs ofPetrol Filling Bays from Centre-Lines ofAbutting Roads ercentage Area Devoted to Commercial Development by Size of Town opulation to be served by each opulation tobeserved Type ofFacility andRadiusofCatchmentArea loor Area Requirements by Sizes ofFamilies hasing ofEde Development Plan (2014-2033) ntrance gatetoThe Federal Polytechnic, Ede deleke University, Ede ctivities inEde Markets –Ofi Market, Total Market, Sekona Market imi Agbale’s Palace, Ede imi AgabaleOlofa Ina’s Statute inEde ecommended Width inIndustrial ofCarriageway Area/Estates ecommended Set-Backs forIndustrial Property Linesfrom Centre-Lines ofRoads ecommended LanduseStandard inIndustrial Area/Estates ecommended Widths ofRoads inCommercial Area ecommended Set-Backs ofCommercial Property Linesfrom Centre LinesofAbutting Streets ecommended landAllocationinaCommercial Area/Market ecommended Maximum Plot Coverage ecommended Minimum Plot Area forDifferent Types of Housing ecommended Densities forResidential Developments edeemer’s University Ede (underconstruction) ecommended Widths ofStreets inResidential Areas irtually abandonedraillinepassingthrough the Planningirtually Area ofEdeiew Town umber ofParking spacesperGross Hectare ofCommercial Development eighborhood LandUse Estimates umber ofCarParking Spaces umber ofCarstobeParked alongCurbs perFurlong atDifferent Anglesof1 esign Standard forElements of Various Types ofRoads esirable Site Areas forHealth Facilities ne ofthe11KVA transformersintheEde Planning Area uantity ofPotable Water tobesuppliedaCommunityfor Various Purposes inimum Distance between any Two Buildings, Back toBack inimum Set-Backs ofDwellings from Plot Lines inibuses, Okada inthePlanning Area andKabukabuusedforpublictransport inimum Dimensions fortheDesign ofParking facilities(Drive-in Layout) tist Impression ofMKO Abiola International Ido Airport, Osun rivate Hospital -New Royal Hospital, Ede ew Osogbo-Edeew Dam inEde Young Guest Houses andResort Centre de linkroad ...... de) toOsogbo Federal Highway ...... 91 48 48 48 47 47 45 43 42 42 41 41 39 37 28 27 20 16 96 95 95 95 94 94 94 94 93 93 93 93 92 92 92 92 92 91 91 91 91 90 90 90 90 85 80 7 2

ACRONYMS

ANC Ante Natal Clinics BUS Basic Urban Services CBOs Community Based Organizations CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women CSR Corporate Social Responsibility EU European Union FOMWAN Federation of Muslim Womens Associations of Nigeria GRA Government Residential Area GSM Global System of Mobile Communication HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Local LGA Government Area LGCs Local Government Councils NBS National Bureau of Statistics NCMM National Commission for Museums and Monuments NDHS Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations NITEL Nigerian Telecommunication NPC National Population Commissions NURTW National Union of Road Transport Workers O CLEAN Osun State Agency for Solid Waste Management OSEPA Osun State Environmental Protection Agency OSRUWSSA Osun State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency OSWC Osun State Water Corporation OVC Orphan and Vulnerable Children OWMA Osun Waste Management Authority PHCN Power Holding Company of Nigeria PPP Public-Private Partnership RUSPS Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability RUWESA Rural Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Agency xv SACA State Action Committee for AIDS SEEDS State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy UNESCO United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture UN-HABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme WSSSRP Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform Program xvi

Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project 01

INTRODUCTION 2 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project drinking water, amongothers. ization andthelackofaccess toadequateandsafe management, lossofgoodagriculture landtourban unemployment,shortages, inadequatesolidwaste slum formation,inadequateinfrastructure, housing cities have facedseveral landuseproblems including Due totheirunplannedrapidexpansion,these life. better of search in cities population of in-migration their than more on pressure growth the is have growth for to plans use expansion Ilesa, PREAMBLE 1.1 and centresoflearning,culturecommerce. as functions multiple Ikire and y to experiencerapidpopulationgro 36 statesinNigeria anditsmajorcitieshave continued The State of Osun ranks among the most urbanized of the as Populatio ears. l-f, d, Iwo, Ede, Ile-Ife, among of their physical growth due to lack of land of lack to due growth physical their of iis like cities

ud ter eeomn. h pressures The development. their guide due fair share of population growth due to due growth population of share fair got i cte lk Osogbo, like cities in growth n come others, has others, to natural increase. Second, is the is Second, increase. natural to local govern-m local l-f, d and Ede Ile-Ife, from two major sources. First sources. major two from u, jgo Ikirun Ejigbo, Ila-Orangun, from in turn led to uncontrolled to led turn in hs is This rural areas rural wth o ent headquarters ent ver thepast50 ls t attract to Ilesa u t their to due into these into - ❚ ❚ strategic decision-makingwithmainfocuson: growth in the next 20 years. The Plans will aid informed overall framework forguidingtheirdevelopment and preparation of Structure Plan forthesecitieswith an The overall objective the ofthisproject istosupport development planforeachcity. taey n a combination a and strategy incorporate will Plan core the regenerate Osun the – w Ila-Ora Ikirun, Th State. the Stru of preparation a Aregbesola T S G reet with greement ❚ ❚ tlmns Prog ettlements ill buildona t by initiated was project plan Structure he vro o the of overnor education, and social welfare/service); education, andsocialwelfare/service); development, employment, housing, transportation, ational public/openspaces) affecting economic (includingprovisionservices foradequaterecre present andfuture commercial activitiesand public Providing fortheco-ordination ofawide-range of nomic constraintsandconsiderations; of topographical,environmental andsocio-eco tion offuture growth ofthesecities,takingaccount Setting thebroad structure/parameters forthedirec w o ind techni a signed ho

ra Rnwl rjc - eind to designed - Project Renewal Urban cte ae O are cities e related initia u, l-f, Iki Ile-Ife, ngun, ramme tt o Osun, of State cture Plans cture areas of these cities. The Structure The cities. these of areas t he ntd ain Hu Nations United lmns f h regeneration the of elements tive U-AIA) o th for (UN-HABITAT) o s te w wl fr the form will two the f ogbo, for nine major ci major nine for Plate 1: View ofEdeTownPlate 1:View e and re Source: ConsultantsSurvey d, ls, Iwo, Ilesa, Ede, c gei Rauf Ogbeni l cooperation al jgo This Ejigbo. ties in ties ma he n e - - - ❚❚ Providing a staged urban development strategy Development plans indicate clearly how local residents, within particular areas or growth corridors in order landowners and other interested parties might be to maximize efficiency in the provision of key infra- affected by land use change. A Structure Plan is subject structure items such as water, sewerage, electricity to continuous public consultation, ongoing involve- and roads. ment and negotiations. Ideally, once adopted, decisions on planning applications are made in accordance with Specifically, the objectives of the project are to embrace: the Structure Plan unless other material considerations, relating to land use development indicate otherwise. ❚❚ Strengthening institutional capacities of relevant Essentially, a Structure Plan is meant to: state departments, training institutions and other key actors in local participatory planning and GIS ❚❚ Generate plans and provide for developments as applications well as meet the social and economic needs of the residents in the Planning Area in ways which do not ❚❚ Developing Structure Plans in a participatory compromise the quality of the environment and the manner for the nine cities quality of life of future generations, in accordance with the principles of sustainability; ❚❚ Identification of priority intervention for enhancing urban management and setting up a framework for ❚❚ Create for the people of the Planning Area the best their implementation possible opportunities for work, housing, shopping, education and leisure and for meeting social and ❚❚ Contributing to improved land administration by community needs, including assisting those within establishing digital base maps for the nine cities. the community with particular disadvantages to improve their quality of life; and Where there is no Master or Structure Plan, meaningful development in cities may be compromised. The struc- ❚❚ Improve and protect the built and natural environ- ture plans are therefore very important, given the need ment of the Planning Area. to contribute towards achieving the goals of the State of Osun Integral Action Plan, the Habitat Agenda in relation Under the provisions of the Urban and Regional

to providing adequate shelter for all and the Millennium Planning 1992; the revised National Urban Devel- Chapter 1 Introduction Development Goals, by improving urban management opment Policy 2012 as well as the Bill on Urban and and adopting City Development Strategies. This Regional Planning for the State of Osun, all land use report presents the plan for Ede Planning Area. planning decisions undertaken by a local, state and 3 federal authority must be based on adopted Land Use Plans. Within the context of this legislative and policy framework, the overall purpose of the Structure Plan 1.2 is to: THE NATURE AND OVERALL (i) Set out the policies for the control of develop- PURPOSE OF THE STRUCTURE PLAN ment; and (ii) Make proposals for the development and use of land and, allocate land for specific purposes.

A comprehensive land use plan for cities is undertaken The Structure Plan for Ede Planning Area not only by experts working with the community in a participa- focuses on land-use development and protection but tory manner to come up with a rational view for new also sets the spatial contexts for promoting social, urban development, thereby focusing on producing economic and cultural development of the area for the clear statements about the forms and contents of such next 20 years (2014-2033). Considering the range of areas for a period of about 20 years. plans recognized by the Bill on Urban and Regional Planning for the State of Osun, the term ‘Struc- The importance of the Structure Plan is to contribute ture Plan’ can be substituted for ‘Urban/Town Plans to spatial planning and the achievement of sustainable (Section 2 (c)). It is also designed to make significant development. Thus, the Structure Plan is an important contribution towards achieving the goals of the state tool for integrating the spatial context of national, state of Osun Six-Point Integral Action Plan, the adapted and local planning policies and provides strategies for Local Economic Empowerment and development the long-term use of land and buildings, thus providing Strategy (LEEDS) by the Local Governments, the a framework for local decision-making and the recon- National Transformation Agenda and Nigerian Vision ciliation of competing development and conservation 2020 programme, the HABITAT Agenda and the interests. The Structure Plan aims to ensure that land millennium Development Goals (MDGs) use changes proceed coherently, efficiently and with maximum benefits for the community. 4 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project tion. To achieve this objective of building national and understand anduseRUPS framework fordatacollec State, Local Government) NGOs andcommunityto the staffofgovernment ministries,(both Federal, principle ofbuildingthecapacityconsultantsand of theRUSPS methodologyhasbeenhingedonthe Plan forfourcities.In bothinstances,theadoption RUSPS methodologyforthepreparation ofStructure became thesecondState inNigeria toutilize the Onitsha inAnambraState in2010.Nasarawa State preparation of Structure Plans for Awka, and Nnewi The RUSPS wasfirstusedin Nigeriain2007forthe oriented assessmentofneeds(UN-HABITAT, 2009). participatory, cross-cutting andholisticaction at thelocal,nationalandregional levels through rapid, a toolforformulatingurbanpoverty reduction policies which solutionsshouldbeproffered. It wasdeveloped as capacity gapstobefilledatthecitylevel andupon improvement needsandtheidentificationofareas of andactionorientedassessmentofacity’sparticipatory The RUSPS methodologyisaquick,costeffective, Kenya, Gambia andNigeria (UN-HABITAT, 2006). several countriesincludingEgypt, Ghana, Liberia, in 2003andhassincebeensuccessfullydeployed in Commission onurbansectorprofile studyin Somalia UN-HABITAT whileworking withtheEuropean for Sustainability (RUSPS). It was first developed by based. ThistoolistheRapid Urban Sector Profiling canbe which immediateandlongtermintervention developed atoolforrapidurbanassessmentupon rapidly urbanizingworld’. In sodoing,UN-HABITAT ments planning,development andmanagementina for all’ and‘promoting sustainablehumansettle cities with the twin goals of ‘providing adequate shelter socially andenvironmentally sustainabletowns and urbanization facingdeveloping countries,ispromoting The UN-HABITAT, in response to various challenges of 1.3.1 use projections andlandusedesign. of the city into the future and formed the basis for land Thecityconsultationshelpedinvisioning undertaken. various issues. AComprehensive was Landusesurvey dataonthe andsecondary and collectionofprimary This wassupplemented by deskstudy, literature review, questionnaires tocollectrelevant data and information. for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology, using ture Plan for Ede is the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling The approach adoptedforthepreparation ofthe Struc METHODOLOGY 1.3

Overview oftheRUSPS Methodology

- - - The objectives ofthecityprofiling studies are to: Planning andUrban Development, Arc. Muyiwa Ige. the Honourable CommissionerofLands,Physical thematic issues.Thetrainingwasdeclared open by for thecollectionandanalysisofdataonagreed thereby arrivingatanamendedandagreed framework data collectionwasdulyreviewed by participants, During thetraining,genericRUSPS framework for eritage/Historic areas; and. xi. x. ix. asic Urban Services; viii. isaster andRiskReduction; vii. rban Safety/Security; vi. v. iv. helter andslums; iii. ii. i. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ following thematicareas: of Osun Ministries andLocalGovernments inthe andselectedtechnicalstaffofthefied experts State September, 2013,toproperly trainandinductidenti a three-day trainingonRUSPS, from 24thto26th in theState ofOsun, theUN-HABITAT organized local capacity to formulate structure plans for cities shown inFig 1.1. The graphic representation ofthemethodologyis ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ opment andmanagementofhumansettlements. projects with the aim of achieving sustainable devel- including capacitybuildingandcapitalinvestment Identify priorityproject areas forintervention and more effective institutionalandfinancing; for developing enablinglocalpolicies,regulations Identify capacity building needs and opportunities prepared basedoneachofthethematicissues; along thethematicissues,withSWOT analysis and threatsweaknesses, opportunities of these cities Develop anunderstandingofthestrengths, needed inthedifferent thematicareas; Provide city-wideassessmentoftheimprovements Governance; Transportation; Land A H Gender; B D U Local E S Environment; dministration conomic Development; - FIGURE 1.1 The RUSPS Processes and Outputs

PROCESSES OUTPUTS

RUSPS Training Capacity Building for RUSPS/Framework Agreed

Mobilization of Consultants Consultants Mobilized Citizens Sensitized

Fieldwork Relevant Data Acquired

Stakeholders’/City Consultation Priority Issues Agreed Consensus Built

Draft Structure Plan Report Draft Plan Produced

Technical Review of Draft Plan Comments Consolidated

Final Structure Plan Report

Source: UN-HABITAT 2009: Structure Plan for Awka and Satellite Towns, Nairobi.

1.3.2 Desk study and Fieldwork TABLE1.1 Schedule of City Consultations held Chapter 1 Introduction for Cities in Cluster 2 Following the training and in line with the RUSPS Date of City City Total % Women framework, consultants undertook desk studies and Consultation Participants who 5 field work for collection of both primary and secondary attended the data pertaining to the nine thematic issues. The aim of Consultation the desk study was to enable the consultants to acquire 9 July 2013 Ilesa 300 56% additional necessary background data and information 10 July 2013 Ile-Ife 450 70% on the Planning Area. The information collected by 11 July 2013 Ede 530 67% the consultants was discussed and analysed to gain a better understanding of the situation in the city. The Source: Consultants Reports consultants administered the RUSPS questionnaire to The purpose of the City Consultations was to enable all relevant stakeholders for each of the agreed themes. participants to validate the data, deliberate on devel- In addition, focus group discussions were held to opment issues and agree on priority issues of concern collect required qualitative data and information on for the various cities with a City Declaration adopted critical issues of development. for each city. Key issues relating to the thematic areas were discussed during the city consultations with 1.3.3 Stakeholders Consultations major stakeholders towards assisting the consultants to attain a consensus on identified priority projects for the The method of data collection was essentially partic- Planning Area. ipatory. Discussions and consultation were held with critical stakeholders during the field work carried out Diverse developmental issues were identified and from January-June 2013. During data collection, discussed at the meeting based on the findings on meetings and discussions were held with stakeholder different thematic issues. This consultation provided groups in the cities and at State and Local Govern- an opportunity for representatives of interest groups ment levels. The Ede City Consultation was held at the to discuss issues affecting Ede community develop- Palace of the Timi of Ede on Thursday, July 11, 2013, ment. The stakeholders were selected from different with 559 participants in attendance. areas of public interest ranging from representatives of professional bodies, traditional institutions, academic and research institutes, all the local government areas, community development associations, women’s groups, trade associations, security agencies, finan- 6 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project Government. council areas (Figure 1.2) asdefined by the State ofEdeEde North southandparts localgovernment Ede Planning Area includessettlementslocatedwithin DEFINING EDEPLANNINGAREA 1.4 vi. v. iv. iii. ii. i. the following reports: structure plans,theconsultantsforCluster 2 prepared and theCityConsultationsheldforpreparation of Arising from thedeskstudy, profiling studiesconducted 1.3.4 following whichlanduseproposals were developed. rations on the development issueswere agreed upon concerns undereachofthethematicissuesanddecla area. Consensuswasreached onseveral development economic andculturalsustainabledevelopment oftheir optimistic thatthestructure planwouldfostersocial, comprising consultantsandvarious stakeholderswere Following theinteractive sessions,theparticipants, follows: nine thematicissues.Thegroups were classifiedas detailed discussionsonissueswere negotiatedonthe Participants were divided into syndicate groups where Declarations. resulted in adoption of reports and the signing of City market group, The forum the media, and civil servants. cial institutions, non-governmental organizations, Structure Plan Report foreachCity City ConsultationsReport; and, Issues Paper forConsultationeachCity List ofStakeholders. Inception Report. • Urban ProfileReport • • •

Group 4: Transportation/Urban Safety. and Services; Group 3:The Environment/Urban Basic Heritage Site; Group 2: Governance/Gender/Historic and Development; Group 1:Shelter andSlums/Local Economic Technical Reporting

of eachcity - ❚ ❚ ❚ lessons learnedinthisexercise are ashighlightedbelow. tion ofStructure Plan forEde wasnotdifferent. The challenges. Theapplicationof RUSPS totheprepara- plans come-in-handwithrespective benefitsand that are employed in the preparation of developmental The applicationofanymethodology, especiallythose LESSONS LEARNED 1.5 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ implementation process. planning andmanagementinmonitoringthe priority issuesandobtainingtheirbuy-inforurban society organisations,amongothers)inidentifying sional groups, tradeunionsandorganisations,civil officials, traditionalcouncils,communities, profes sizes involvement ofstakeholders (localgovernment of urban issues. Essentially, the methodology empha- integrated approach todatacollectionandanalysis RUSPS and promotes theadoption of aparticipatory addressed andpriorityprojects. It helps identify key development challenges to be scoping ofurbanareas. The methodologyprovides forrapid opportunity thematic issues. analysis ofthecitywithrespect to theadopted It provides outSWOT thebedrock forcarrying level isachieved through theRUSPS methodology. Positive strong politicalcommitmentatthehighest perspective tourbanplanning and management. RUSPS offersagreater scopeforadoptingagender need strengthening foreffective urbanmanagement. It helpstoidentifycriticalareas ofcapacitygapsthat inorderportation toattainan inclusive city. urban safety, disasterandriskreduction andtrans gender, heritage,environment, urbanbasicservices, and slum,localeconomicdevelopment, governance, planning andmanagementintheareas ofshelter It covers the multi-dimensional nature of urban

- - Chapter 1 Introduction

Plates 2-6: Stakeholders participating in group discussions during the Ede City Consultation

Chapter 3 presents a concise account of the profile studies undertaken and highlights of development 1.6 issues and the development issues of concern agreed STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT upon at the consultation held and city declaration.

Chapter 4 discusses the alternative growth patterns and urban forms for Ede Planning Area; and provides an The report is structured into eight chapters. Chapter evaluation of the alternatives to arrive at a preferred 1 provides a general introduction and methodology urban form for Ede. used; Chapter 2 provides background accounts of the Ede Planning Area including location, natural environ- The Structure Plan’s vision, goals and objectives are mental factors, history and development, as well as presented in Chapter 5, while policy statements such other settlements in the Planning Area. as National Urban Development Policy 2012, National 8 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project linkages inEde Planning Area. provides policies toachieverural-urban effective issues. Thechapteralsodefinestheaction areas and well asstrategiesandstandards for eachofthethematic period. Thischapterpresents theland useproposals as of theprojected growth inpopulationduringtheplan Chapter7advances proposals forachievingtheneeds years periodoftheStructure Plan (2014-2033). tion growth andfuture projections forEde forthe20 The mainfocusofChapter6istheanalysispopula Edeopment fornew wasarrived at. held inEde, thevision,goalsandobjectives fordevel expressed by theStakeholders attheCityConsultation From thesereviews andtakinginto accounttheviews of Habitat Agenda,amongotherswere reviewed. 20:2020, Millennium Development Goals andGoals Integrated Development Agenda,Nigeria Vision Housing Policy 2012;LandUse Act of1978,Osun FIGURE1.2TheEdePlanningArea - - adequately discussedinthischapter. routine review oftheprepared Structure Plan were also of planimplementation,monitoring,evaluation and and implementation,issuesrelating tosustainability totheplanpreparation because oftheirimportance is alsohighlightedinthischapter. In conclusionand needed intheimplementationofstructure plan and financingofstructure plan.Capacity building examined underthecaption-resource mobilization planning approval anddevelopment control were plan implementationcommitteesandprocedures for izing frameworksforplanimplementation,establishing developmentnew areas. Theprocesses ofinstitutional- the existinglandusesaswell asthatoftheproposed different phasesofdevelopment proposals toimprove structure planimplementation.First, itdetailsthe Chapter 8, which is the final chapter, dwells on the 02

BACKGROUND TO EDE PLANNING AREA 10 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project between longitude 4 the South Western geo-politicalzone ofNigeria, lying Federal Republic of Nigeria The state is located in the oldOyo State andisoneofthe36states the Osun, which wascreated onAugust 27,1991outof The Structure Plan Project islocatedinthe State of REGIONAL SETTINGS LOCATION, NATIONAL AND 2.1 parts ofthecountry.parts The State isaccessible by road andrailfrom different Ondo States and on the East by Ekiti and Ondo States. on the West by Oyo State, ontheSouth by Ogun and State ofOsun isboundedontheNorth by Kwara State, 45’ toand8 FIGURE2.1MapofNigeriashowingthelocationStateOsun

O Y O

g OGUN

LAGOS o s 0 15’NwithOsogbo asitscapitalcity. The

Oshogbo OSUN KEBBI KWARA 0 00’ E to 5 SOK NIGER ONDO EKITI ZAMFARA OTO BA YELSA DEL EDO 0 04’ E and latitudes 6 TA

O K

n RIVERS

i OGI t

h N A A M

a B

TERRITORY CAPITAL ABUJA R IMO A KADUNA ENUGU KATSINA Abuja Aba ABIA Kaduna AKW IBOM NASSARAWA EBONY Kano BENUE A RIVERS CROSS 0

KANO Source: UnitedNations,Departmentof FieldSupport,CartographicSection section ofroads from Osogbo, Ogbomosho andIle-Ife. miles (180km)Southwest from Lagosandattheinter city ispracticallybuiltalongarailroad atthepoint112 in Ekiti State, goingtowards Ibadan, Oyo State. The flows -southdirection inthenorth from Igede town town issituatedonthebanksofOsun River, which Ikirun, Ejigbo,Iwo,Ikire,Ila- cities The are: Districts. Senatorial three the across are the focus of the Structure Plans Project are spread Offi and 30LocalGovernment Areas andtheIfe EastArea Th 21’ and4 7 capital ofOsun State, lyinggeographicallybetween Lat Ede islocated justtothesouthofOshogbo, thestate PLATEA 0 A B 42’ and 7 e State isdividedintothree Senatorial Districts JIGA ce, Mo dakeke(Fig 2.2).eninecitieswhich Th f, Ede, Ile-Ife, Ilesa, capital, State the Osogbo, UCHI WA 0 U T 27’EastoftheGreenwich Meridian. The ARAB 0 47’ North of the Equator and Long 4 GOMBE A Y OBE ADAMA Orangun. Maiduguri BORNO WA - 0

FIGURE 2.2 State of Osun showing Senatorial Districts and Local Government Areas Chapter 2: Background Chapter 2: Background to Ede Planning Area

Source: State Government of Osun

2.2 2.3 EDE PLANNING AREA NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

The three Local Governments in the Ede Planning Area are Ede North, Ede South and Egbedore Local Government Areas. However, parts of Ede North and 2.3.1 Climate and Rainfall Egbedore LGAs fall within the Osogbo Capital Terri- tory planning Area. Ede North Local Government has its headquarters at Oja Timi and according to the Ede is located in the tropical rain forest belt of Nigeria: 2006 Population and Housing Census of the Like most parts of the old Western Region, the area is National Population Commission has a population characterized by two distinct seasons, namely the wet of 83,831; it covers a total land area of 112.379 and the dry seasons. The annual rainfall received in this km². Similarly, Ede South Local Government with a region is very high, usually above the 2,000 mm (78.7 population of 76,035, has its headquarters at Ede in). Ede experiences double rainfall maxima character- township covers a land area of about 221.619 km² ised by two high rainfall peaks, with a short dry season while Egbedore has its headquarters at Awo and and a longer dry season falling between and after each covers a land area of 270 square kilometres. The peaks as typical with most area in South West Nigeria major indigenous ethnic groups in the area are the (Fig 2.3). The first rainy season begins around March Yoruba. and last till the end of July with a peak in June; this 12 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.3StateofOsunShowingStructure PlansProject Cities and thedifferences between dayandnightare slight. Temperatures are fairlyuniformthroughout theyear 2.3.2 almost constantthroughout theyear. small temperature range and the temperature range is February. Thistropical rainforest climate hasa very conditionsbetween earlyDecember andlate peak dry from lateOctoberstarts and laststillearlyMarch with October isfollowed bySeason. longDry Thisperiod end ofSeptember. rainyseasonin Theendoftheshort and lastingtillmid-October withapeakperiodatthe around rainy early season Septemberstarting the short lasting fortwotothree weeks. Thisbreak isbroken by known astheAugust season break dry whichisashort rainy breakseason is followed in August dry by a short

Temperature Source: MinistryofLands, Physical PlanningandUrbanDevelopment,StateofOsun2013 from 7 way tooilpalm,cocoaanddense thickets. forest. Hence, thenaturaltree specieshave largelygiven plantation, hasalsocontributed tothere-growth ofthe Human interference, by way of cocoa and oil palm andtraditionalfarmingpractices. road construction Among the reasons for this are fuel wood exploitation, forest re-growths.this hassincegiven waytosecondary it hadnaturallowland tropical rainforest vegetation, but Currently Ede iscovered forest. Originally, by secondary 2.3.3 varied from 15 Mean dailyrecorded maximumtemperatures atEde lowest temperature occursinMarch andSeptember. The hottestmonthsare August and November andthe

0 C to9 Vegetation 0 0 C (Fig 2.4). C to16 0 C andminimumvalues ranged 2.3.4 Topography and Drainage

The land surface is generally undulating and descends 2.4 from an altitude of over 450m above sea level in the HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF northern part of the state (Ijesha areas) to 150m and EDE below in the southern parts (Iwo, Irewole, Ayedire, Isokan). Ede is located around the centre of Osun State and has an altitude of approximately 287m above sea level. 2.4.1 History

2.3.5 Geology and Soil Ede is one of the oldest towns of the Yoruba race. Tradi- tional accounts have it that Ede was founded about The soils in Ede as with other parts of the State of 1500 years ago by Timi Agbale, a hunter and warlord Osun belong to the highly ferruginous tropical red sent by Alaafin (king) Kori of old Oyo (Katunga), soils associated with basement complex rocks. As then the capital of Oyo empire. He was sent to estab- a result of the dense humid forest cover in the area, lish a settlement to protect the Oyo caravan route to the soils are generally deep and of two types, namely, Benin, a purpose similar to that behind founding of deep clayey soils formed on low smooth hill crests and other Nigerian towns. The traditional ruler is eulogized upper slopes; and, the sandy hill wash soils on the after Timi Agbale, popularly referred to as Timi Agbale lower slopes. The well drained clay soils of the hill crest Olofa-Ina who, according to the myth, is the man and slopes are very important, because they provide the whose arrow brings out fire (Wikipedia, free encyclo- best soils for cocoa cultivation in the state. The lighter pedia, June, 2013). loams are more suitable for cultivating the local food crops, such as yam, cassava and maize. Soil degradation The present location is not the one founded by the and erosion are generally not as serious in Ede as in famous Timi Agbale-Olofa-Ina. A Statute erected in his other part of the State. memory at Ede is located at a major road intersection in the centre of the town. Like Ibadan, the present Ede was established in the opening decades of the 19th century

by the Oyo authorities, but had to be shifted to the Chapter 2: Background to Ede Planning Area other side of the Osun River around 1817 or 1818. This change of location was largely in response to the breakdown of Oyo central authority in 1796, following which 13

FIGURE 2.4 Average Rainfall in Ede Planning Area

100

50 Precipitation (mm) 25 Average Rainfall Days

0 July May June April March August January October February December November September

Precipitation (mm) Average Rainfall Days

Source: World Weather Online, 11 June 2013 14 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.5Average HighandLowTemperatures inEdePlanning Area expansion ofthebuiltupareas, duelargelytotheir experiencing rapidpopulationgrowth andphysical Government Areas, is159,866.These LGs have been up ofEde North, Ede South and Egbedore Local total populationofEde Planning Area, whichismade According totheyear 2006populationcensus,the 2.4.2 in thelate18thandearly19thcenturies. Abeokuta, wasbornoutofthecircumstances prevailing around 1796. In anutshell, Ede, like Ibadan, Ijaye and abode afterthecollapseofinternalauthorityatOyo been somefleeingOyo refugees, seeking amore secure It isprobable thatthegroup hefoughtmighthave of Timi AgbaleGrammar School. bloody waragainsta Yoruba group atpresent location occupy thepresent site,traditionhasitthathefoughta Agbonran. However, before Agbonrancouldeffectively The manwhohadthispoliticalforesight was Kubolaje Osun River asanaturalbarrieragainstFulani attack. Ede-Ile andtheestablishmentof‘New Ede’, usingthe ened. Thesedevelopments ledtothemovement from the security ofEde andherenvirons became threat Afonja’s alliancewiththeMuslim revivalists in1817, With theFulani conquestofNupe landin1816and molesting, aswell as,harassingcitizens. and strewn with powerful individuals seeking territory Yoruba landwasthrown intoconfusionandanarchy, Temperatures (0C) 12.5 17.5

7.5 10 15 5 Population Gr Planning Area 15 January 11 12 February 10 10 10 owth inEde

March 7 Average HighTemp(

April 9 12 May 14 0 C) - 13 June 11 11 Age Groups inEdeNorthandSouthLGAs TABLE 2.2Populationstructure ofpredominant Planning Area TABLE 2.1PopulationDistributionofEde is now beingdeveloped intoanairport. Osun islocated) andIdo Osu, where theoldaerodrome such asAkoda,Abere (where theSecretariat ofstate flowed intomanyofthefringe communitiesof Ede, places, outgrowths ofOsogbo have encompassedand closeness toOsogbo, thestatecapital.Indeed, inmany Ede South Ede North LG TOTAL Egbedore LGA Ede SouthLGA Ede NorthLGA Area Government Local Average LowTemp( July 9

August 13 Groups Age 10 -14 10 -14 Source: World Weather Online,11June 2013 5 -9 5 -9 0 -4 0 -4 Source: NPC(2006):PopulationCensus2006 Source: NPC(2006):PopulationCensus2006 010 10 8 0

C) September 39,381 43,190 38334 Male Total 13.26 12.44 12.72 12.20 12.43 11.60 13 October Female 36,654 40,641 36101 Male 13.08 13.67 12.58 12.20 13.20 12.49 14 16 November Female 12 9 234,301 11.76 12.83 12.30 10.99 12.24 11.90 Census 74,435 76,035 December 83,831 2006 FIGURE 2.6 Topography of Ede Planning Area Chapter 2: Background Chapter 2: Background to Ede Planning Area Age Structure of the Population By September 2013, the area covered by open space, According to the 2006 Population and Housing Census; or uncultivated/undeveloped area made up of mostly Priority Table Vol. IV - Population Distribution by Age natural vegetation was 29,152.54 Hectares, repre- 15 and Sex, the age structure of the population in LGs of senting about 93.22% of the project area; the most the Ede Planning Area presents an interesting scenario. dominant land cover category in the Planning area. This While the dominant age groups in the total population large open space indicates that there is a huge poten- of Ede North and Ede South LGs are within the age tial for development in the area, since large parcels of brackets 0 - 4, 5 - 9 and 10 -14, the male population is land are available for implementation of the Structure more dominant in the two LGs, with age group 5 - 9 Plan. On the other hand, cultivated areas currently carrying a greater percentage. put to agricultural use cover 0.18 ha (0.00056%) of land. This indicates that not much agriculture is being 2.4.3 Existing Land Uses in Ede carried out in the area. Planning Area Similarly, built-up areas comprising mainly residential The main categories of land uses identified in Ede areas, cover 487.91 ha (1.56%) of the planning area. A Planning Area are: summary of the land use types shows that settlements/ built-up areas and farmlands cover approximately 95% ❚❚ Residential of the planning area. This compares well with the findings of A. Adedeji and L. T. Ajibade in their study ❚❚ Public titled ‘The Change detection of major dams in Osun State Nigeria using remote sensing (RS) and GIS Technique’, in ❚❚ Institutional which it was stated that the areal extent of Settlements/ built-up areas and farmlands land use types around ❚❚ Industrial the Ede-Erinle reservoirs is about 96.49% as shown in Figure 2.7 below. ❚❚ Commercial Also, the present land cover for industrial area is only ❚❚ Agriculture 0.05 ha (0.00016%), which is the smallest category in terms of land use coverage. This implies that there is ❚❚ Road/Circulation not much industrial activity in the area. Commercial land use in the area covers only 2.86 ha (0.00913%) ❚❚ Open Space 16 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project (in km2) TABLE 2.3 cial activitiesinOsogbo. outtheircommer- and commutedailytowork orcarry tial populationofOsogbo, asmanypeoplelive inEde mainlyasanoutgrowthcapital, itserves oftheresiden Planning Area’s closeproximity toOsogbo, theState of thelandarea. Thisisbecause,onaccountofthe Ede Open Space Road/Circulation Agriculture Commercial Industrial Institutional Public Residential Land useType Classificationofland-usesinEde Areal Extent 29,152.54 1,600.24 487.91 20.61 0.18 2.86 0.05 8.06 (ha) 0.009134 0.025774 1.560182 5.117081 0.065908 93.2212 0.00056 0.00016 % - Area Other SettlementsinEdePlanning 2.5 Area TABLE 2.4CommunitiesintheEdePlanning following: Planning Area in the Structure Plan project include the Other settlementstobecovered undertheEde S/N 14. 13. 12. 11. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Kuso Ritarun Ogbaagba Ojoro Oyada Apena Ologun Oba-Nso Ede Tonkere Ile Ogungbira Agbumgbu Oludo Lagun SETTLEMENT Plate 7: Timi AgabaleOlofaIna’sPlate 7:Timi StatuteinEde

Source: ConsultantsFieldSurvey FIGURE 2.7 Existing Land Use in Ede Planning Area Chapter 2: Background Chapter 2: Background to Ede Planning Area

17 18 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project 03

DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN EDE PLANNING AREA 20 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ The localgovernments inthe Ede Planning area are: at findings collect to questionnaire data RUSPS the of use made survey standing ofthePlanning Area. Theprimary collected through other e oping enabling local policies, regulations and more fordevel capacity buildingneedsandopportunities the city-wide assessmentoftheimprovements neededin Planning 3.1.1 PROFILING THEEDEPLANNINGAREA 3.1 fi sions, consultationswithcriticalstakeholdersand,the A ffective institutionalandfinancingsolutionsamong ❚ ❚ ❚ ndings from a desk study, - was to gain a better under Egbedore Local Government Ede South LocalGovernment Ede North LocalGovernment the EdeCityConsultationforum. profile studywasconducted covering the Ede di ae o the on based objectives. Th

ff erent thematicareas inEde andtoidentify of the Ede Profile Study were disseminated were Study Profile Ede the of City Pr Area intheState ofOsun toprovide a

a primary survey,a primary focusgroup discus ofile Studies e p hmtc sus Te key The issues. thematic 11 urpose data,which of the was - - within theOsogbo Capital Territory planning Area. However, ofEde North parts andEgbedore LGAs fall the Ede Structure Plan. Thestakeholders selectedfrom nity andultimatelycontribute totheformulationof key priority developmental issues facing Ede commu- contribute tothedecision-making process ofidentifying stakeholders totakeadvantage oftheinteractionto methodology, theseconsultationswere held toenable nature oftheRUSPSIn linewiththeparticipatory ❚ ❚ The cityconsultationsheldasfollows: Planning fortheircity. solicited by theConsultantsforaneffective Structure wereof thestudyandtheircooperationsupport The various stakeholders were informedofthefindings key developmental issueswere identifiedanddiscussed. ofthe projectGovernment. andefforts At themeeting, ness and sensitize the various interest groups on the tocreatethe findingstostakeholdersataforum aware Following the Profile Study, there wasa presentation of 3.1.2 ❚ ❚ 559 participants inattendance. 559 participants the Timi ofEde onThursday, July 11,2013,with The Ede CityConsultationwasheldatthe Palace of on February 2013 Ede Stakeholder’s Sensitization Conference washeld

City ConsultationsinPlanning Areas Plate 8:Street ofEde View - across the city included representatives of traditional appropriate strategies to address poverty reduction and institutions, Ede North Local Government, Ede South achieve sustainable urbanization. Due to the proximity Local Government and Egbedore Local Government of Ede to the state capital Osogbo, it is essential that Areas, community development associations, women’s their relationship is closely managed, due to groups, trade associations, security agencies, financial the possibility of Ede and Osogbo merging institutions, non-governmental organizations, market together or becoming a megacity in the future. group, the media, and civil servants, met to deliberate on the critical development issues identified in Settlement Patterns the profile studies with respect to the nine thematic The settlement pattern of deE town comprises two issues. For the purpose of fruitful deliberation, the nine distinct sectors namely, the built up older portion, thematic issues were re-classified into four groups and which is overcrowded with unplanned road system stakeholders were divided accordingly. and, the sparsely developed areas with open land which has been primarily used for agriculture. The critical contributions of the stakeholders which are of significance to the formulation of the Structure This pattern of built-up and open areas, which is appli- Plan for Ede have been referred to in the appropriate cable across most communities in the main town with sections of this Report, while the EDE City Declara- each of these communities serving dual function, is tion can be found in Appendix 1 noteworthy for planning purposes.

Types of Shelter There are basically four types of residential shelters in 3.2 Ede. These are: DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND 1. Face-to-face (Brazilian type) with toilets; PRIORITIES 2. Duplexes; 3. Blocks of flats; 4. Shanties.

The definition of “slums” by the United Nations refers Furthermore, residential shelter accounts for roughly Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area to areas that manifest any one or a combination more 87% of the developed area in Ede town (i.e. the total than one of the following attributes: urban area, excluding open spaces, roads and circulation areas, rivers, streams and lakes); 8% for commercial 21 ❚❚ Poor structural quality of housing; uses; 2% for religious use; 1.5% for institutional use; and 1.5% for industrial purposes. ❚❚ Overcrowding; Quality of Housing ❚❚ Inadequate access to safe water; The quality of residential property varies widely in Ede. The best houses are made from sturdy concrete ❚❚ Inadequate access to sanitation and other infrastruc- blocks or bricks and long-span aluminum roof sheets; ture; they usually have water reticulation facilities. Many of these houses are relatively new and located in planned ❚❚ Lack of secure tenure. housing estates. They tend to be inhabited by Ede’s wealthier residents or government officials and military 3.2.1 Shelter and Slums personnel. Slightly lower quality housing, such as those with corrugated iron roofs and makeshift and Slum Creation is a product of inadequate housing, “traditional” houses exist mostly in unplanned neigh- deferred maintenance of infrastructure and structures, borhoods. deficiency in housing services provision and unmet expectations.

Many residents of Ede live in environments that can be classified as slums, which creates conditions for poor health and insecurity. While there have been concerted efforts at national, state, local level and local and global levels to eradicate poverty, strategies to effectively extend these drive to reduce the number of people living in slums have either been missing or achieved less than the desire objectives. An assessment of the slum conditions is therefore imperative for devising 22 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.1 TABLE 3.2 TABLE 3.3 TABLE 3.4 Owners ofhouses Spouse ofHouseholdhead Household head Other Householdmembers Private landlord Relation butnothouseholdmember Other Private Employer Privatecompany Government TOTAL Other TOTAL Other Informal/improved houses Rented rooms Semi detached Flats Traditional huts/structure Detached Houses House type TOTAL 8 bedrooms andabove 7 bedrooms 6 bedrooms 5 bedrooms 4 bedrooms 3 bedrooms 2 bedrooms 1 bedroom No sleepingroom No ofBedrooms Total Other Terrazo Ceramic Marbletiles tiles Vinly brick Burnt Stone Cement Concrete Wood/Bamboo Earth/Mud/mud block Material HouseTypes inEdePlanningArea HouseTypes byOwnershipStatusinEdePlanningArea HouseTypes byMaterialsforFlooring inEdePlanningArea HouseTypes byNumberofBedrooms inEdePlanningArea 734,316 452,516 18,543 95,740 44,614 94,111 26,768 2,024 Osun state No 729,181 495,198 184,352 730,313 120,096 110,063 118,958 15,990 22,377 46,235 95,082 85,127 54,732 77,643 State ofOsun State ofOsun 1,689 5,456 6,938 5,878 6,840 6,840 452,264 730,209 21,581 27,696 94,428 98,811 12,399 No State ofOsun No 100.00 9,090 9,032 4,908 13.04 12.82 61.62 2.53 0.28 6.08 3.65 No % 100.00 100.00 67.91 25.28 16.44 15.07 16.29 13.02 11.66 10.63 0.23 0.75 0.95 0.81 0.94 0.94 2.19 3.06 6.33 7.49 % % 15,979 10,960 1,679 1,540 100.00 Ede South 161 929 694 61.94 12.93 13.53 No 16 2.96 3.79 1.24 1.24 0.67 1.70 15,979 10,543 15,979 % 4,325 3,569 2,991 2,629 1,659 1,564 1,194 1,116 Ede South Ede South 121 140 158 196 357 393 864 No No 41 98 100.00 10.51 68.59 1.01 0.10 5.81 9.64 4.34 100.00 100.00 % 10,538 15,979 65.98 27.07 22.34 18.72 16.45 10.38 1,244 2,528 Ede South 0.26 0.61 0.76 0.88 0.99 1.23 2.23 2.46 5.41 9.79 7.47 6.98 572 587 108 156 154 No % % 92 18,372 12,537 2,579 1,897 Ede North 237 776 312 18,372 13,592 18,372 No 34 3,708 3,313 2,397 2,098 1,711 1,986 1,748 3,628 Ede North Ede North 118 212 150 222 253 557 934 No No 100.00 39 78 65.95 15.82 3.58 3.67 7.79 0.58 0.68 0.98 0.96 % 100.00 14.04 10.33 68.24 100.00 100.00 1.29 0.19 4.22 1.70 73.98 20.18 18.03 13.05 11.42 10.81 19.75 % 0.21 0.64 1.15 0.82 0.42 1.21 1.38 3.03 5.08 9.31 9.51 % % Source: (NDHS(SW),2008) Source: (NDHS(SW),2008) Source: (NDHS(SW),2008) Source: (NDHS(SW),2008) 11,463 18,372 1,715 3,137 Ede North 15978 760 451 138 489 164 11,899 1,308 1,016 3,453 9,462 15978 15978 No 55 2,856 Egbedore 3437 2258 2473 2445 1548 1598 253 473 Egbedore Egbedore No 137 176 175 159 456 537 906 776 13 No No 21 99 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 21.61 59.23 74.47 17.87 21.51 14.13 15.48 15.30 10.00 62.39 17.07 1.58 0.08 8.19 6.36 2.96 0.13 0.86 1.10 1.09 0.99 0.62 2.85 3.36 5.67 9.69 4.86 9.33 4.14 2.45 0.75 2.66 0.89 0.30 % % % % TABLE 3.5 House Types by Materials for Walls in Ede Planning Area

Material State of Osun Ede South Ede North Egbedore No % No % No % No % Mud/reed 176,469 24.16 3,817 23.89 3,099 16.87 2,762 17.29 Wood/Bamboo 17,402 2.38 376 2.35 420 2.29 461 2.89 Stone 6,661 0.91 194 1.21 148 0.81 162 1.01 Cement/Block/Brick 510,823 69.95 11,253 70.42 14,291 77.79 12,263 76.75 Metal/Zinc sheet 14,491 1.98 258 1.61 302 1.64 228 1.43 Other 4,467 0.61 81 0.51 112 0.61 102 0.64 TOTAL 730313 100.00 15979 100.00 18372 100.00 15978 100.00 Source: (NDHS (SW), 2008)

TABLE 3.6 House Types by Material for Roofing in Ede Planning Area

Material State of Osun Ede South Ede North Egbedore No % No % No % No % Thatch/Palm leaves/Raphia 25,733 3.52 774 4.84 530 2.88 575 3.59 Wood/Bamboo 57,765 7.91 1,611 10.08 1,474 8.02 1042 6.52 Earth/Mud/Mud bricks 31,974 4.38 586 3.67 535 2.91 596 3.73 Corrugated Metal/Zinc sheet 315,349 43.18 7,344 45.96 6,072 33.05 6448 40.36 Slate/Asbestos 193,356 26.48 3,580 22.40 6,804 37.03 4894 30.63 Cement/Concrete 75,679 10.36 1,473 9.22 2,044 11.13 1600 10.01 Roofing tiles 25,433 3.48 514 3.22 806 4.39 662 4.14 Other 5,024 0.69 97 0.61 107 0.58 161 1.01 Total 730,313 100.00 15,979 100.00 18,372 100.00 159878 100

Source: (NDHS (SW), 2008) Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area

Housing Estates large number of such houses include remote areas like The few estates within Ede as can be seen in the table Oja Timi, Olu Obinu, Baara. Areas with High Quality 23 above (as against the rising population there should be Housing like Surulere, Oke-Iresi, Oke Gada area do a concerted effort by government to establish estates not need such upgrade. through the public private initiative to meet the growing demand. Sites identified with potential for infill developments of three include Logun/Egbeda Road, Alajue Road, Owode, Sekona, and Arola Road, while the possible locations and areas that are suitable for high density TABLE 3.7 Existing Housing Estates in Ede developments are at Logun/Egbeda and areas suitable for mixed use development can be located along the Ede South Ede North Alajue road and Sekona. Total Housing Stock 17,842 12,344 New Housing Estate 1 0 Security of Tenure Federal Housing Estate 0 1 The Land Use Act of 1978 vests ownership on land in Governmental Residential 0 1 the state, with interests assigned through either the Areas Governmental Housing Estate 0 1 issuance of Customary Right of Occupancy (CRO) for Housing Corporation Estates 1 0 land in rural areas or the issuance of Statutory Certif- Sites and Services schemes 2 1 icate of Occupancy (C of O) for land in urban areas. Private Sector Housing Estate 1 3 As an urban area, the Certificate of Occupancy is the Land allocated for future 0 0 operational title for land owners in Ede. housing Source: Consultants Field Survey Houses in the Ede urban area are characterized by a generally poor level of secure tenure. Some of the Slum Upgrading reasons for the low urban percentage were identified Slum upgrading is an essential strategy with potential as follows: for improving the landscape and scenery of Ede because of the number of dilapidated and poorly maintained ❚❚ Difficult and cumbersome processes in securing the houses in the town. To achieve this, community mobili- necessary documents zation and participation will be crucial. Areas with a 24 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project low. the landwasavailable toallandpopulation densitywas of land.Formal as landtransfers considered necessary tenure didnotforbidalienation though thecustomary wasnotgenerally known,either by saleormortgage During thepre-colonial period,alienationofplots categories; occupied,unoccupiedandcommonland. In generalterms,landcanbedividedintothree legal manage toaccumulate. actualwealth whichmostfamiliesevermost important cially, ownership isnotonlyasymbolofwealth isthe not berequired tosurrender thelandtoothers.Finan by othersexcept by agreement andthatthefamilywill confidence thatitsland willnot beencroached upon logically, ownership isanextensionofthehousehold’s security in a psychological and financial sense. Psycho- families and thisgave individualfamilies a degree of Traditionally landwasowned by thecommunityand plot acres andhectares ofland. managing landinformationinadditiontoparcels are not computerized asofnow. Spatial unitsusedin digital mapplusthefactthatlandrecords inuseare Other problems inlandregistration includelackofa and landed property. city involved bottlenecks the administrative of fringes Structure that fact the incomplete The date. to land up not are records land these tunately, used are bothlandregister andlandcadastralbutunfor government so ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ All Ownership andAccesstoLand urban poorforbothmenandwomen. land useplanthatpromotes accesstolandforthe rights forthepoor. However, there isalsonocurrent that conflictwithnationalpolicies respect toland areas, there are nogovernment regulations orpolicies Generally in Osun State and in its local government Land Administration ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Haphazard anduncoordinated land-usefunctions piece ofland. Multiple transactionsandsubdivisionsforthesame Absence plans ofcadastralandsurvey the authorities Unavailable planningandzoning documentsheldby of mindbuttocontribute. entitlements, not only to provide security and peace essential foreconomicgrowth. Property andland are exclusively, transferableandenforceable) are securing well-defined rights (those that property land inthestateisundercontrol oftheState as described best be can available records P and inconsistent in coverage, this is due to due is this coverage, in inconsistent and lans l tee iis o o hv approved have not do cities these all in the oh n h ct cnr ad t the at and centre city the in both cities consider the landrecords lo eas o the of because also n eitrn a registering in - - contained intheLandUse Decree 1978,asignificant control over landinEde. Apart from thelegal provision The State Government andthelocalcouncilshave great The UseandControl ofLand effective. physical planningofficials,isnot very oflandand ministry town planningandlandservices, in thelandsector, whichincludestraditionalrulers, quate manpower etc.Theinstitutionalsetupavailable possessing digitalskillsorcomputer literacy, inade identified are inadequateskilledworkers, workers not and legalofficers.Landsectorhumancapacitygaps townland surveyors, planning officers, architects Local Government Area. Theseinclude land officers, and somelandrelated positionsare notavailable inthe weak. Thereis very appearstobeinadequatemanpower The capacityofLocal Governments toadministerland (Land Use Act, 1978:section21subsectionsaandb). occupancy withoutthedueconsentofGovernor be. It rightof alsoprohibits thealienationofstatutory Governor or the Local Government asthe case may right ofoccupancy’ withouttheconsentofeither ofcustomary or possession, sub-lease orotherwise, alienation by either‘assignment, transfer mortgage, However, in Part IV (A.55), the Act prohibits the productively’ (Uchendu 1979:79). of ensuringthatavailable landis‘not bankedbutused from market speculationandtheeconomicimperative policyissues:theneedtoinsulateland two important Act deals with rents, its provisions being dictated by or 5,000hectares ifusedforgrazing.Part IIIofthe exceed 500hectares ifusedforagriculturalpurposes for agriculturalpurposes.Thegrant,however, maynot rightsofoccupancyessentially may grantcustomary occupancy withinhisState, theLocalGovernments Governor isempowered rightsof tograntstatutory tual butalsoadependenttypeoftenure. While the tenureThe new systemintroduced isnotonlycontrac since alloteeshadcompletecontrol over land. belong totheindividualssograntedfortheirlifetime of familyland.Such allocationswere considered to trator of land and was responsible for allocating plots normally theoldestmanwasregarded astheadminis In Ede of Osun as in other State,parts the family head, Nigeria) by Nigeria). familiesorGandu (innorthern may be held by individuals and or jointly (in southern in Nigeria isthatlandbelongstoallthepeopleand One ofthe cardinal principlesoflandmanagement and thepoorbutallows equalaccesstolandforall. the sensethatitdoesnotdiscriminatebetween therich system stillinuse.TheLand Use Act ispro-poor in effective as there are othertraditionalsystemsoftenure Nigeria, the Land Use Act of 1978, has not been totally The legallandgovernance framework available in andAdministration Land Governance - - - amount of land is owned by the different levels of and dye clothes, leather work, calabash carving and government of in the planning area. The councils and mat-weaving. The city’s economy is supported mainly the state government have responsibility for manage- by its cotton industries as well as the spill-off from ment and control of the land they own. In addition, its proximity to Osogbo, the state capital, which has various forest reserve and areas of wildlife interests are physically merged with Ede over the years. Other controlled by the government and the effective control local industries that contribute to the economy of Ede and management of these for agriculture and wildlife include cocoa and palm processing, cotton weaving habitats will have a major impact on climate change and drum making. The predominant employment and sustainable development goals. Effective land use types for city residents are in the public and private administration is necessary for proper planning and services, the health and education sector, as well as and environmental management. petty trading and other business activities and distribution, hotels and restaurants. Of particular note in the Land Disputes and Conflicts course of the Profile Study, was the above average level Land disputes constitute a major source of of people engaged in family businesses. social, economic and political instability in various parts of Nigeria, including Ede, as people face an Major Employment Areas uncertain future when they do not possess titles Within the city, the main office employment areas are to the land they own or have had access to for located within the inner core and the local several years. The fragmented family structure and government offices. There are also several lack of central registration system makes land employment are as and numerous other smaller disputes complex and difficult to resolve. The enterprises scattered across the city. Significant Land Use Act which supposedly transferred land to employers within the city include PHCN, Water the State did not lead to full control since families Corporation and the state hospital and health that originally owned land were not compensated centres. and many were not willing to part with their land The Federal Polytechnic and the new private university without compensation. currently being built constitute a magnet for much of Transfer and Sale of Land the labour force (especially administrative, teaching, commercial and other services). In the past, the land and property market had been neglected. Its development can help the Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area Shopping and Major Commercial Areas government in the mobilization of unused resources. The main shopping area in Ede is the inner core of For most people who desire to own land, the the city and along its major roads. Sitting within the option of securing land through savings has been 25 hierarchy are a number local and district shopping the only viable means available to them. Access centres scattered around the city. The town centre to land by women and low income earners is features a range of services and a number of family shops, therefore difficult. With the growing scarcity and adding to its variety. Comparison goods (non-food rapidly rising cost of land, an organized land retailing) account for a significant proportion of the market is essential. This will not only streamline and total units. Ede unlike Osogbo is under-represented in stabilize prices, it will also create employment for terms of convenience (food) retailers. New shopping people in the Community e.g. town planners, facilities in the form precincts and plazas are being architects, Civil engineers, employer labour etc. built in different parts of the cities. While some of Major Development Issues and Priorities these are well located, others are not and, most do not ❚❚ The need for efficient use and management of land have adequate parking facilities, forcing shoppers to by ensuring high quality development in previously park on the main roads thereby causing obstruction to developed land in the built up areas. free flow of traffic and other traffic related problems.

❚❚ The need to increase the efficiency of use and In addition to shopping, other activities such as leisure, discourage premature use of green field land in order tourism, cultural and entertainment facilities also add to achieve the right balance between conservation to the vitality and viability of Ede. The city features a and development. range of cultural, social, community and recreational facilities and it is important that these are sustained ❚❚ The need for additional land for housing must be and developed in the same way as other economic balanced against the aims of protecting the city’s activities and, in particular, that they are supported to green field land and its existing urban character. meet the future needs of the city’s population.

3.2.2 Local Economic Development Markets There are several markets and smaller local centres in Apart from farming, the people of Ede are mainly different parts of the city and these provide essential traders, artisans and craftsmen. Their other occupa- shopping facilities and other services. They also provide tions include making of hand-woven textiles, tie an important contribution to the local economy. 26 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project mixed useproperties. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ The keyissuestobeaddressed, therefore, are how to: b) ❚ ❚ ❚ a) credit and finance Bank. b First and Bank Other Eco Bank, Trust Guaranty i Banking andFinance markets (Oja Olonje). to enableitcomplement the five-day consumables the decline.It willbeessentialtorevitalise themarket textile commerce (AsoOfi)in Ede town, hasbeenon 17 daysandhascontributedtothegrowth ofwoven markets, the Oje Elerin Market whichfunctionsevery However, activitiesatthemostprominent ofthe Thereareanumberofbanksandfinanc n ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ns while anks Ede. Most prominent amongtheseare Zenith Bank, ment of local businesses and new jobopportunities ment oflocalbusinessesandnew Strike a suitable balancebetween enablingbusiness and training. and educational establishments to raise skill levels Support the local economy and work with businesses existing businesses andtodevelop business start-ups new support Attract investments new totheCityinorder to Promote enterprisesandencouragethedevelop new and businessneedsofthearea Provide good quality facilities that meet the economic generation Provide sufficientlandtofacilitateemployment required undertheStructure Plan. to improve forlocalemployment opportunities are which enterprise skills and trainingare co-ordinated growth and a competitive local economy within egies thatwouldcreate strong anddiverse economic Stratdistribution of goodsandthepublicservice. side other areas like businesses, financial services, people engagedinformalactivitiesthecity, along sector,the services whichaccountsformajorityof The city’s employment structure isdominated by green fieldlandanditsexistingurbancharacter. housing, aswell astheaimsofprotecting theCity’s balanced againsttheneedforadditionalland The needfor increased employment landmust be units. startup ment, suchaspromoting additionalsmallbusiness localeconomicdevelop - within thecityandsupport activities thatwouldstimulateadditionallocaljobs There isaneedtomakesufficient provision for Agreed PriorityIssues Identified DevelopmentIssues with served well not are city the of parts te financial other nos r vr fw n oeae in operate and few very are unions ntttos ie micro- like institutions ia l institutions - - -

LGA andotherelectedmemberswhoare referred to elected chairmanwhoisthe Chief Executive ofthe by aLocalGovernment Councilconsisting ofan Each LocalGovernment Area (LGA) isadministered government andare toexercise ameasure ofautonomy. (1999), LocalGovernments constitutethethird tierof By theConstitutionofFederal republic ofNigeria Council The LocalGovernment schemes andsoon. water projects, providing credit facilities, scholarship centres, maternity homes, orphanages, town halls, likebuildingofschools,health community services religious advancement. Some ofthemare engagedin and order aswell aspromoting social,political and self-help development activitiesandmaintaininglaw structures by providing strong platformsforinitiating roles intraditionalurbangovernanceplay important women’s associationsamongothers.Thesegroups also and,men’sations (professionals andartisans), and other Chiefs,religious groups, tradegroup associ ruler isassisted by the The traditional various Unions, tion andculture. is the custodian of the people’straditional ruler tradi- High ChiefsandBaales inothercommunities.The –the tional ruler Timi Agbale-whopresides over the and its traditional governance is headed by the tradi Ede isoneoftheancienttowns intheState ofOsun Traditional UrbanAdministration ment, administrationandgovernance intheState. Areas; alloftheseshare theresponsibilities ofmanage- zones. The State alsoconsistsof30Local Government Districts, eachofwhichcomprisestwoadministrative State ofOsun isdividedintothree Federal Senatorial with theState andLocalGovernment structures. The the traditionalgovernance structures whichcoexist Governance in the Ede Planning Area is made up of 3.2.3 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ central area. Manage carparking andtraffic movement inthe and usableplaces and otherlocalcentres thatcreate safe comfortable, quality ofthepublicrealm withinthetown centre Maintain, manageandcontinuetoenhancethe fied needsofthepopulation and leisure facilitiesinthecity, basedontheidenti retail,location for further employment, recreation Promote thegrowth ofcentralarea asthemain maintain itsvitalityandviability Safeguard thedistinctive characterofthecityand environment growth andprotecting thearea’s highquality

Governance - - - Plates 9 - 12: Activities in Ede Markets – Ofi Market, Total Market, Sekona Market Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area as Councilors. There is a total of 30 Local Government The functions of Local Governments are detailed in the Areas in the State of Osun; of which three are located Nigerian Constitution and include: 27 in Ede Planning Area. These are: ❚❚ Economic recommendations to the State; ❚❚ Ede North Local Government ❚❚ Collection of taxes and fees; ❚❚ Ede South Local Government ❚❚ Establishment, maintenance and regulation of ❚❚ Egbedore Local Government. markets, motor parks and public conveniences;

However, parts of Ede North and Egbedore LGAs fall ❚❚ Control and regulation of out-door advertising, within the Osogbo Capital Territory planning Area. movement and keeping of pets of all descriptions, shops and kiosks, restaurants and other places for The Local Government Administration consist of the sale of food to the public, and laundries; following departments with varied arrangements in the different LGAs: ❚❚ Naming of roads and streets and numbering of houses; ❚❚ Administration (Personnel Management) ❚❚ Provision and maintenance of public transportation ❚❚ Works, Housing and Transport. and refuse disposal;

❚❚ Health (including Primary Health Centres and ❚❚ Registration of births, deaths and marriages; Environment). ❚❚ Establishment and maintenance of cemeteries, burial ❚❚ Agriculture and Natural Resources. grounds and homes for the destitute or infirm;

❚❚ Education and Social Development Departments are ❚❚ Licensing of bicycles, trucks (other than mechani- usually headed by professionals (Heads of Depart- cally propelled trucks), canoes, wheel barrows and ments). There are divisions, Sections and Units carts; within each department, overseen by unit heads. 28 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project development. released by theState Government for the purpose of Local Government Matters. Subsequently, fundsare Government level through theSpecial Adviser on Government Councilbutapproved attheState Ministry. Project budgetsare prepared by theLocal in linewithguidelinesreceived from thesupervising At present, LocalGovernments prepare theirbudgets sanitation leviesandsoon. boards, rates,publicparking tenement/property fees, tration of businesspremises, vehicle license fees, bill levies, market taxes, marriage registration fees,regis funds. Internally generatedrevenue sources include: oflocalgovernmenttute onlyasmallproportion governments and internally generated revenues consti allocationsfrom theFederalfrom statutory andState Local governments are primarily dependent on funds Local Revenues/Resource Mobilization ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ prescribed by theHouse ofAssemblyaState. for thepurposeoflevyingsuchratesasmaybe Assessment ofprivately owned housesortenements spaces; and drains andotherpublichighways,parks, andopen andmaintenanceofroads, streets, Construction - - in order tocheckfraud,wastageandrevenue leakages. improving thevarious financialmanagementprocedures practices.Similar willbegearedcorrupt efforts towards greater transparency andaccountabilitytoreduce propose to implementpublicsectorreforms toensure In pursuanceofbettergovernance, LocalGovernments process non participatory. makingthe not alwayspublishedforpublicviewing monthly basisbuttheLocalGovernment budgetsare allocationsfrom theFederaltory Government ona The of Federal Ministry Finance publishes thestatu ability, thereby improving performance. by theState Government ofOsun topromote account recent times,someprocedures have beenputinplace auditing ofaccountsandmanyothers.Nonetheless, in in non-publicationofannualaccounts,improper interference, lackofopennessandtransparency reflected inefficiency andfraudin revenue collectiontopolitical citizenry. Complaintshave rangedfrom allegationsof been thesubjectofwidespread discontentamongthe Administration atthethird tierofgovernment has Accountability Performance: Transparency and Courtesy: OsunStructurePlanSurvey, 2013. Plate 13: Timi Agbale'sPalace,Ede Plate 13:Timi - - a) Identified Development Issues years, the program of activities in the local councils has ❚❚ Capacity Building and Development: Many of the been geared towards achieving equal opportunities to Local Governments suffer from a dearth of skilled all irrespective of their gender through public enlight- and professional personnel to deliver services enment, mass rallies and appointment of women into efficiently. political offices among others.

❚❚ Low remuneration, lack of incentives and limited Among the structures and programmes that have been welfare packages put in place to promote gender issues in the State of Osun’s development agenda are: ❚❚ Lack of opportunities for staff to attend workshops and training to upgrade their skills, knowledge and ❚❚ Efforts geared towards effective implementation of capabilities. the National Gender Policy prepared by the Federal Ministry of women Affairs. b) Agreed Priority Issues ❚❚ Public-Private Partnership should be encouraged ❚❚ An affirmative action policy of 35%. and promoted in the State with the State and Local governments providing the enabling environments ❚❚ State Action Against AIDS (SACA) adopted in the for it to flourish. State of Osun

❚❚ Proper monitoring and evaluation to keep track of ❚❚ Various support programmes are available at the development and ascertain compliance to the set Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Welfare to targets. empower women through skills acquisition seminars, for example – ‘Opportunities for Women in Agricul- 3.2.4 Gender ture and Women in Purdah’. So also is the welfare programme to enhance women’s access to credit and The United Nations General Assembly in 1979 other productive resources, provided they organize adopted the Convention on the Elimination of all themselves into groups or cooperatives. Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) ❚

and it became operational in 1981. CEDAW defines ❚ Establishment of Orphan and Vulnerable Children Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area what constitutes discrimination against women and (OVC) Desk Office to cater for their needs. sets up an agenda for national action to end such discrimination. It also provides the basis for the realiza- ❚❚ Campaign against teenage pregnancy. 29 tion of equality between men and women by ensuring women’s access to equal opportunities in all spheres ❚❚ There is Adoption policy in the State and homes of life; political, economic, social, and cultural. The established for the abandoned. Free legal services are Nigerian Government ratified CEDAW in 1985. also provided for the vulnerable groups. However, it is yet to be domesticated in Nigeria. ❚❚ To curb violence against men and women in the In order to promote gender issues in its develop- society there are so many agencies that are involved ment programmes, the State Government of Osun such as CBOs and NGOs within the cities, and the has established focal agencies at the State and local law enforcement agencies (police, civil defense). government levels. At the State level it has created the State Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Welfare, ❚❚ Deployment of Mass Media for several gender sensi- charged with coordination of programmes for women, tization and awareness, and seminars. For example, children and the vulnerable, implementation of the the “Ojuse Obinrin” with 20 women per ward at aims and objectives of Government’s Family Support each broadcast. programme, promotion of safe and responsible mother- hood and maternal health, elimination of all forms of Some of the programmes already implemented include social, traditional and cultural practices and promo- the following: tion of gender equality. While at the Local government level, gender issues are addressed by employed staff in ❚❚ Implementation of 30% representation for women the relevant departments. into political offices.

Generally, the two local governments in Ede operate ❚❚ Family Reconciliation Programme that is coordi- policies on gender issues and there are separate nated by the Ministry of Women Affairs and Social departments in charge of policy formulation and Welfare. The ministry has fully reconciled 23 implementation of gender issues. Priority areas include families. programmes like “Say No to Domestic Violence against Women”, “Say No to Raping”, “Say No to ❚❚ The domestication of gender policies is receiving Gender Discrimination” and so on. Over the past attention in the State House of Assembly. 30 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE3.1 2 1 executive counciloutofatotal20Commissioners State ofOsun shows thatthere are five womeninthe portfolios bygenderinthe The distributionofoffice population ofmenandwomeninthePlanning Area. percentage isnotrepresentative ofthealmostequal intheStateparticipation Government ofOsun, the Also, thoughwomenare notexcluded from political loans toacquire landeasilybecauseofthepoverty level. restriction in some places but have difficulties to obtain town. For example,womencaninheritlandwithout exclusively from town forthemenand these vary to traditionalprivilegesareeven though certain reserved roles inany important play very Yoruba community familysetupandwomen the placeofwomeninevery the welfare of family members. They also acknowledge familyandassuchare responsiblehead ofevery for of Nigeria where the Yorubas believe thatmenare the Ede Planning Area islocatedintheSouth Western part Women andGovernance ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ First Lady. in theState incollaborationwiththeOfficeof Osun as well asMisuse oftheFemale Gender and Violence Launching ofcampaignagainstRape,Sexual Abuse, holding publicoffices offices in order toincrease thenumberofwomen Encouragement of femalegendertovieforpolitical protection policy through training andexposure totheneedforchild Empowerment ofOVC Desk Officersinthe State html Accessed June 11,2013. net/2011/index.php/newsextra/49725-osun-ngo-train-ovc-desk-officers. The Nations (2012)- http://www.thenationonlineng.Newspaper Osun NewsPortal.AccessedJune11,2013. Ede NorthLGA

43,190 TheMaleandFemalePopulationinEdePlanningArea

40,641 2 . 83,831 1 . ae eae Total Female Male Ede SouthLGA 39,381

36,654

76,035 Urban residents andthoseintheSouth West zone have education. and 14%ofmenhave more thansecondary 19% ofmenaged15-49years. Only 9%ofwomen education -36%ofwomenaged1549years and NHDS report 2008,manyNigerians have noformal is clearlyvalidated inavailable statistics.According to Nigeria remains lower as thantheirmalecounterparts At thenational level, accessby femalestoeducationin remains consistentlyhigherforfemalesthanmales. level. The school dropoutbeyond rate also the primary higher numberofmalesenrolled inschoolsthanfemales, statistics from mostschoolsintheplanningarea show a schoollevel infavour ofwomen,educational primary While there is gender balance in enrolment at the Women andEducation not available. Planning Area. However, dataforindividualtowns are ments intheLocalGovernment officesvisitedinthe councilor, althoughwomenheadanumberofdepart in Ede planning area, there is no female chairman or istrative workforce. Of thetwoLocalGovernments Women are well represented intheteachingandadmin State agencies. State House ofAssemblyandatdifferent levels inthe in theState cabinet. Women are alsorepresented inthe needs ofwomeninthecommunity. Ede North LGA inEde town tocaterfortheeducation Osun hasestablishedone Women LiteracyCentre in To address theseissues,thegovernment ofthe State of cities andcommunitiesiscurrently notavailable the nationalaverage. However, disaggregated databy the literacy percentage by gender (Table 3.9) is above the highestlevels ofeducationandintheState ofOsun, Source : OsunStructurePlanCluster2Survey, 2013 Egbedore LGA 38,334

36,101

74,435 - - TABLE 3.8 The State of Osun: Gender and Governance Structure

Positions/Offices Female Male Percentage Total Female Male Legislature (Hon. Members of the State House of 00 26 00 100 26 Assembly) Judiciary Judges 02 18 10 90 20 Customary Court of Appeal 00 04 00 100 04 Judicial Service commission 02 05 29 71 07 Total 31 Political Office Holders & Appointees Executive Executive Councils 05 15 25 75 20 Special Advisers 03 11 21 79 14 Asst. Chief of Staff 00 03 00 100 03 Snr. Special Assistants 01 04 20 80 05 BCS, Office of the Governor. 00 08 00 100 08 Executive Secretaries (LG Chairmen) 01 30 03 97 31 National Assembly Senate 00 03 00 100 03 House of Reps. 01 08 11 89 09 Total 93 State Corporation (Executive Secretaries) 02 15 12 88 17 Permanent* Secretaries 06 29 17 83 35 Heads of Non-Ministerial Departments 00 04 00 100 04 Aggregate Total 23 183 11.2 88.8 206 Source: Osun State Diary, 2013 * The positions given/occupied by the women are those that are not too powerful and sensitive. These include Home Affairs, Culture and Tourism; Solicitor general & Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Justice; Hospital Management Board; Women Affairs and Social Development; and Public Service Office. Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area

Women and Health TABLE 3.9 Percentage of literate women and In Nigeria, as revealed by the 2008 Nigeria Demographic 31 men age 15–49 (by States/Zone) in Nigeria and Health Survey (NDHS), almost 90% of women and 94% of men have heard of HIV or AIDS. However, National/Zonal/States Women (%) Men (%) less than half (48%) of women aged 15–49 years and Nigeria 54 77 about two-thirds of men aged 15–49 years (69%) were Southwest 80 90 aware that HIV can be prevented by using condoms Ekiti 84 92 and by limiting sex to one faithful partner. The State of Lagos 90 96 Osun data indicates that the number of people living Osun 78 93 with HIV rose between 1991 when it had only three Oyo 70 85 positive HIV cases, 4,004 cases in 2004 and recent years Ogun 68 76 where prevalence rate has increased to 2.7%. Ondo 75 80 Source: (NDHS (SW), 2008) Although the incidence of HIV/AIDS in the state of Osun is low compared with other states in the country and geopolitical zones as a result of comprehensive TABLE 3.10 Comprehensive knowledge of HIV knowledge of HIV3 prevention in the state, there is need prevention in Nigeria to intensify efforts in prevention, care and treatment which is a challenge for the state in order to reduce the National/Zonal/ Women (%) Men (%) spread and mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS. States Nigeria (National 23 36 Average) With regard to Child and Maternal mortality, Child- South West GPZ 27 37 hood mortality is generally decreasing in Nigeria Ekiti State 18 42 (NDHS, 2008). Maternal and Child mortality has Lagos State 27 38 improved in recent years as result of improved hygiene Osun State 37 58 Oyo State 25 19 3 Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of con- Ogun State 27 40 doms during sexual intercourse and having just one uninfected partner can reduce the risk of getting HIV, knowing that a healthy-looking person Ondo State 20 33 can have HIV, and rejecting the two most common local misconceptions Source: (NDHS (SW), 2008) about HIV transmission and prevention (NHDS, 2008). 32 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.12 TABLE 3.11 ment as some of the activities that women engage in are consciously avoided underestimating women’s employ The 2008NDHSdata relating tofemaleandmale Women andEmployment born babes. grant maternityleave withpay for women with new cantly reduced. The State andtheLocalCouncilsalso moderateifnotsignifi Maternal rateisvery mortality to Child and Maternal Health showed that Child and With respect totheState ofOsun, allindicatorsrelating and sanitationinthemajorcitiesofState ofOsun. immunizations (%) Children 12–23monthswithno immunized (%) Children 12–23monthsfully Child Immunization Births delivered inahealthfacility(%) (% Births assistedbyaskilledprovider from askilledprovider1 (%) 5 yearswhoreceived antenatalcare Women whogavebirthinthelast CareMaternal &ChildHealth Maternal Oyo Osun Ondo Ogun Lagos Ekiti residence State of * Currentlyemployedisdefinedashavingdoneworkinthepastsevendays.Includespersonswhodidnotdaysbut preceding thesurvey Employed inthe12months employed* Currently EmploymentStatusofWomen (W)toMen(M)byState andChildHealthCare Maternal inNigeria W 82.1 68.8 63.4 77.9 66.7 55.6 M 75.3 62.6 69.0 85.7 81.4 70.5 employed Not currently W 11.0 0.4 0.0 1.2 0.5 0.7 are regularlyemployedandwereabsentfromworkforleave,illness,vacation, oranyothersuchreason Nigeria 29 23 35 39 58 M 1.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.8 Southwest survey preceding the months in the12 Not employed W 17.4 31.2 35.4 21.5 32.6 33.4 13 43 70 77 87 - - M 23.0 36.9 30.4 13.8 17.5 28.7 Ekiti South west geopoliticalzone. employment statusof Women toMen by stateinthe employed menare notpaidatall. Table 3.6shows the cash, while17%ofemployed womenand30%of employed womenand56% of employed menreceive almost allmarriedmen(99%).Seventy-one percent of aged 15 - 49 years (71%) are employed compared with 2008 NDHS,inNigeria, seven in10marriedwomen other aspectsoftheinformalsector. According tothe include work on family farms, in family businesses and ment andhenceare notreported assuch.Theseactivities often not perceived by women themselves as employ 02 58 75 81 93 know Missing/Don’t W 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Lagos 12 53 77 83 88 M 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ogun 27 23 64 72 90 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 W Ondo 23 37 47 51 70 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 M Source: (NDHS(SW),2008) Osun total Aggregate Source: 2008NDHS 05 59 85 89 94 1,205 2,446 W 922 791 870 556 Oyo 1,200 09 31 67 76 88 M 502 390 339 284 261 - a) Identified Development Issues zations have been involved in a lot of sensitization ❚❚ The dearth of data on the conditions of women programs such as enlightenment campaigns and men in the country has been a hindrance to the achievement of the goals of sustainable devel- ❚❚ Vocational skills acquisition programmes were opment which include attainment of gender equity, mounted for unemployed women. economic justice and freedom from discrimination and other harmful practices. 3.2.5 Heritage

❚❚ There are no known laws or existing urban policies Heritage assets are not often adequately acknowledged as that limit women activities except informally which valuable resources in most cities, due to a general failure derives from the cultural beliefs and value systems of to recognise cities as not simply places where people live each individual or family. and work, but as legacies that are visual expressions and symbols of culture, history and tradition. Consequently, ❚❚ High incidence of poverty the cultural wealth of cities, especially in developing countries, is frequently ignored, neglected or destroyed ❚❚ Lack of awareness on gender related programmes of and historic architectural artefacts are often allowed to the Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Welfare deteriorate beyond repair. Meanwhile, these elements are resources with deep intrinsic value for the city as a ❚❚ Lack of access to credit whole, the population at large and for the well-being and sustainability of the entire community. ❚❚ Gender discrimination reflected in boy-child preferences which often lead to the neglect of the girl-child Heritage sites are sacred and cultural areas. Tradition in some cases plays a crucial part in determining the operation and maintenance of such sites. Its importance is under- ❚❚ The practice of female genital mutilation scored in the existing national policies that were formulated to ensure the preservation of cultural sites. ❚❚ Violence against women such as rape, wife battering The regulations that guide the development of heritage and lack of maintenance support site are in accordance with Decree 77 of 1979. The

regulations at the city level are in conflict with those at Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area ❚❚ Maltreatment of widows the national level. The areas of conflict usually have to do with control and ownership of heritage and historic ❚❚ Denial of inheritance rights areas, and are mostly resolved through dialogue and 33 participatory management. Heritage sites are identified ❚❚ High levels of teenage pregnancy by act as special areas, and are treated differently. They are treated as sacred areas which belong first to the host ❚❚ Child labour and trafficking of children to be used as community and the government. These sacred places house helps in households. are held in trust by the host community for the government. The local government area policies compliment ❚❚ Lack of resources to compete with men in certain state and federal government policies to encourage the areas such as land acquisition, etc. development of heritage sites to attract tourist inflow.

❚❚ Early marriage Ede Township, which is one of the ancient cities in Yoruba land, has special days in the course of the year ❚❚ Lack of political will to implement gender-sensitive which are designated as periods or seasons for specific policies and programmes sacrifices and traditional festivals.

❚❚ Gender inequalities in decision-making and imple- The heritage and historic sites in Ede planning area mentation. are made up of the palace, shrines, folklore, historic and traditional practices. Some of these major places, b) Agreed Priority Issues shrines and historic practices include: ❚❚ Capacity Building and Training programmes at the State level to increase sensitivity to gender issues ❚❚ Sango Timi Temple: Located at the Timi’s (King’s) in order to stir up interest in women to take up Palace. political appointment and disabuse the mindset of the members of the public against their belief that ❚❚ Agbale Groove: Located at Ede Ile, along Osogbo women cannot hold positions of authority. Road, Ido Osun/Aerodrome area

❚❚ The need to increase accessibility of Local govern- ❚❚ Egungun Shrines: Sited at different locations and ment staff to these programmes. The local councils family compounds responsible for bearing the in conjunction with Non-Government Organi- masquerades in their seasons of celebration. 34 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project proper regulations with respect to heritage/historic I Culture andInternational Understanding. andCultureCouncil forArts andtheCenter forBlack parastatals includingtheState Tourism Board, State tration. The overseesMinistry thefunctions ofits Hotels andHospitality; andFinance andAdminis Monuments; Field Research andDocumentation; They includeinto five departments. Museumand of Tourism and Culture. is structured The Ministry The state,since2007,hashadafull-fledged Ministry parastatal withpowers torevive andpromote tourism. the Board attainedthestatusofafull-fledgedboard/ ofCommercethe Ministry andIndustry. In 2003, State tourismboard wasestablishedasaunitunder With thecreation ofOsun State in1991,Osun Heritage/Historic Sites Regulations andLegislationGuiding 4. 5. 3. 2. 1. Ede. Some ofthenotablefestivals are: There are several traditionalfestivals heldannuallyin n theState ingeneral,there are andthecountry no with thecarnival tothecitycentre. King) at the market centre before proceeding would dance and parade for the Kabiyesi (The the festive period. women toseethepersonof“Oro” throughout initsworship.to participate It isforbiddenfor in thecommunitythatwomenare notallowed month ofMay. festivals Thisisoneofthefew Oro Festival: Oro festival comesupyearly inthe “Oluwin”, different whoperform kindsofsacrifice. by designated highchiefslikethe“Ajagemo” and of February andMarch. It isusuallyfacilitated the godofraintakesplacebetween the11thdays Orisa Ojo (godofrain): occasion. display and “Ipedi-Timi”, Sango to Iyan”, “Odun “Odun with terized of 23rd Imomoran, Adegboro Alupe,ades, namely:Ondoru, Anikulapo, Epete, mainly involves theparadeofselectedmasquer between May 29andSeptember 14eachyear. It Egungun Festival: Thisfestival comesup the Sango Timi Festival: This isamajorfestival in celebration atthe Timi’s Palace. throughout theentire town andconcludethe Timi ofEde. AllIfa priestsare expectedtodance and consultationoftheIfa oracleatthepalaceof Timi (introduction ofyaminto themarket)” of “Opa Oranmiyan”, “Ogiyan deity”, “Ipedi July 22 and September 11. It involves the worship aspects. Ifa festival takesplaceannuallybetween similarities inthenature oftheirritualsincertain simultaneously withEgungun festival dueto Ifa Festival: land ofEde. It comesup

October each year.This festival is charac- is festival year.This each October wn yb” “ag Iao, visit Iyapo”, “Sango Ayaba”, Awon Timi’s coupled with a lot of parades of lot a with coupled Timi’s Thisiscommonlyperformed f aqeae t mr the mark to masquerades of among others.Eachofthem Thefestival celebrating between the 7thand - - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Federal Govern-ment.Someoftheseinclude: UNESCO manage several (Filan sites ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ sion were created in1953and1954,respectively. andAntiquitiesCommis the AntiquitiesDepartment tion fortheprotection ofNigerian antiquities;while In 1953, the Antiquities Ordinance provided legisla in thearea. involvement at local level by the Local Governments ofprotected landsinurbanareas trusteeship withthe ment ofNigeria confersonState government’s Under theLandUse Act of 1990 the Federal Govern Council. his CouncilandtheCommunityCultural Heritage cultural rightsare exercised through theOba and The community’s traditional responsibilities and architecture, natural history andeducationservices. architecture, naturalhistory African, Black, andcrafts, andotherantiquities,arts only to,antiquities,scienceandtechnology, warfare, outlets for, orinconnectionwith,butnotrestricted and maintainingnationalMuseums andother Museums, AntiquitiesandMonuments; establishing to include, among others, administering National expanded theresponsibilities oftheCommissions and Monuments Decree No. 77,of1979which 1974 andtheNational CommissionforMuseums Antiquities (Prohibited Transfers) Decree No. 9,of the Antiquities(Amendment)Decree of1969,the Other legislations waslaterpromulgated, suchas research anddocumentation. alsonecessitated wood, stone,terracottaandivory vation especiallysculptures ofworks ofart, inmetal, 1943 which paved way for the collection and preser The establishmentof in Nigerian Antiquities Service cultural rights. The localcommunityisallowed toexercise its cance andmonumentalsculptures’. buildings, promote buildingsofhistoricalsignifi- old citywallsandgates,sites,palaces,shrines,public states that‘The as State shallpreserve Monuments There isthe Nigerian Cultural Policy of1988which the Federal andState Governments ofNigeria. All heritage/historicsitesare ofboth theproperties ment inthestate’s tourismassets. withEDPforpromotion andinvestthe partnership of thetouristcenterstoaprofitable level. Example is withthegovernmentto participate todevelop any The private sectorisencouraged andallowed/invited efforts n dvlp h sts n codne with accordance in sites the develop and 20) I sie f hs however, this of spite In 2003). i, eurmns n gieie b the by guidelines and requirements have been made to encourage, protect, encourage, to made been have - - - - - ❚❚ The National Commission for Museums and in responding to urban environmental issues. The Monuments (NCMM) is empowered to manage local government authorities also usually partner with the heritage sites under the terms of a 1979 Decree, public agencies like the Osun Waste Management which vested it with custodianship of all monuments Agency (OWMA). shrines and antiquities (Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove (Nigeria) No 1118, 2004). Local governments usually assess the severity of environment issues through carrying out of impact Agreed Priority Issues Assessments, health surveys and a yearly general health Though the State Government of Osun has consis- impact on members of the community. tently embarked on projects to preserve and promote the various historic and heritage sites in the State, the Resource mobilization to support environmental following are considered areas of priority: projects involves the use of participatory approach in terms of launching programs, donations, special levies, ❚❚ Rehabilitation of roads leading to various sites. special grants from government and multinational organization. ❚❚ Renovation of hospitals, clinics and maternity centers. Agreed Priority Issues The key issues to be addressed are to: ❚❚ Creation of employment opportunities for people in the host communities. ❚❚ Reduce emissions in the city

❚❚ Provision of requisite infrastructure facilities for the ❚❚ Promote environmentally sustainable patterns of host communities to enhance tourist visits. development

3.2.6 Environment ❚❚ Minimise waste and promote reuse and recycling

There are regulations guiding management of ❚❚ Promote and increase the use of energy efficiency environmental issues in urban areas, such as waste measures

management, pollution control, urban agriculture and Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area management of farm settlements. These regulations ❚❚ Reduce the risk from flooding and the impact of and policies are in respect of daily and weekly collec- flooding on development tion of wastes, prosecution of defaulters, enforcement 35 of safe urban agriculture practices as well as the estab- ❚❚ Improve water quality and reduce air pollution lishment and enforcement of farm settlement schemes among others. These policies have varying degree of ❚❚ Encourage carbon neutral development effectiveness; for instance, daily collection of refuse was found to be very effective, prosecution of defaulters ❚❚ Increase the use of renewable energy technologies was found to be partly effective, while the implementation of the farm settlement scheme was found to be ❚❚ Promote the use of transport modes other than the least effective. private car, such as walking and cycling

The main environmental challenges facing the city 3.2.7 Basic Urban Services include the indiscriminate dumping of refuse, most especially in the city centre and slum areas which The basic urban services (BUS) considered in this report leads to emission of offensive odours and creation of are in two categories, namely Infrastructure and Social viable sites for breeding of disease-causing pathogens; Services. Infrastructure services include water, roads and burning of uncollected refuse at dump sites close to drainage, telecommunications, electricity, gas, sewerage living quarters thereby polluting the environment and sanitation and Social Services include education, through the emission of smoke into the atmosphere; hotels and hospitality centers, health facilities, recreation poor methods of solid and liquid waste disposal/ and tourism, commercial offices among others. management which cause contamination of ground water; air pollution through traffic and industrial activ- Several government agencies are involved in the ities that release poisonous gases into the atmosphere, delivery of basic urban services in the State of Osun. which are harmful to human health and also cause These agencies include: global warming; and, polluted water bodies which lead to transmission of water borne diseases. (i) Osun State Water Corporation (OSWC) for urban water supply, Local governments are involved in the regulation of (ii) Osun State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation policies, enablement of private sector participation Agency (OSRUWSSA) for rural water supply and, undertaking activities through its departments and sanitation 36 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project lated sanitationand hygiene fortheperiod of the State Government inbothwatersupplyandwater-re Union/UNICEF ofthe evaluated theperformance State ofOsun for the period2005-2009,European In areview ofthewaterandsanitationsector inthe wells, handpumpboreholes andmotorisedboreholes. the provision ofpotablewatersupplythoughshallow (i.e. Federal and Local Governments) are also active in of OSRUWASSA, otherarmsofgovernment inNigeria, water supplyandsanitation.Apart fromrural theefforts tion Agency(OSRUWSSA) hastheresponsibility for other hand,Osun State Rural Water Supply andSanita of Osun State Water Corporation(OSWC). On the urban populationofOsun State isthesoleresponsibility sibility fortheprovision ofwatersupplytotheteeming in the Water andSanitation Sector. However, therespon both theFederal Government andthestategovernment private sector and donors complement the activities of atthestatelevel. LGCs, and sanitationservices the R semi-urban areas, includingsmalltowns. headworks, small and mini water schemes in urban and responsible andmaintenanceof fortheconstruction nated waterandsanitationactivities;OSWC hasbeen and Rural Development, which isnow defunct, coordi Agency (RUWESA). of The Ministry Water Resources the Rural Water Supply andEnvironmental Sanitation opment, Osun State Water Corporation(OSWC) and are of theMinistry Water Resources andRural Devel for the provision of watersupplyand sanitation. They Osun State, three principal agencies were responsible have responsibilities intheprovision ofwatersupply. In Under theNigerian Constitution,alltiersofgovernment Water Supply Electricity, Gas,SewerageandSanitation. Water, RoadsandDrainage, Telecommunications, The servicesconsideredunderinfrastructureinclude Infrastructure tion oftheirefforts. agencies. of involv It isapparent ( (vi) (v) (iv) (iii) i) OsunStateMinistryofEducation(MOE),for (ix) (viii) x Osun State ofCommerce Ministry andIndustry (x) Planning OsunStateMinistryof Lands, (vii) xi) LocalGovernments forhe UWESA has been responsible for rural water schemes UWESA hasbeenresponsible water schemes forrural

delivery of basic services varies withthedifferent ofbasicservices delivery

(MWT) forroads, drainagesetc, (MWT) for electricitysupply, education health facilities; Osun StateMinistryofEnvironment, Osun State ofHealth Ministry (MOH),for Osun State of Ministry Works and Transport Osun Waste Management Authority (OWMA) Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) ed inthe As such,there isaneedforeffective coordina andUrbanDevelopment that pro due of these services, thestandard vision oftheseservices, to thelargenumberof alt h, education,roads etc, Physical agencies ------domestic purpose(Figure 3.2). in theplanningarea by sources ofwatersupplyfor sion indicate the distributionof regular households Data available from the National Population Commis- mostly onsupplyofwaterderived from thescheme. Osogbo-Ede Water Supply Scheme,thepeopledepend For Ede however, due to the presence of the New much dependenceonrainwaterasaviablesource. mains watersupplyandgroundwater. There isnot Sources ofwatersupplyinEde Planning Area include intheState.sustainable waterandsanitationservices objective ofincreasing accesstosafe,adequateand at improving itswatergovernance, withthespecific Water Policy andInstitutional reform document aimed the assistanceofEuropean Union, hasprepared a ment, the State Water Corporation of Osun State, with tomeetthis oftheefforts requireof Osun. Aspart - to satisfythisrequirement are ongoingintheState by bothgovernment andprivate sectorentities.Efforts issue licensesfortheprovision ofwatersupplyservice commissionthatwillbeempoweredlish aregulatory to requiresservice each State ofthe Federation to estab The National Policy onwatersupplyandsanitation water supplyandsanitation. tion Agency(RUWSSA) hasresponsibility forrural while theOsun State Rural Water Supply andSanita State istheOsun State Water Corporation(OSWC), sion ofwatersupplytotheurbanpopulationOsun water quality. The agency with responsibility for provi of policyparametersfortiersgovernment, including remain inthisregard suchasinadequatespecification including water and sanitation, a number of challenges nation ofinter-governmental activitiesinNigeria, Although there are several institutionsforthecoordi and administrative constraintsfacethewaterschemes. metered waslessthanfive percent. Technical, financial rose; ofconnectionsthatwere and theproportion of theinstalledcapacity;costperunitwatersupply efficiency ofwaterschemeswasonlyaboutone-quarter to meetitswaterandsanitationtargets;theoperational Operationally, thestategovernment hasbeenunable capital expenditure accountedforabouttwo-thirds. state spending in the Water and Sanitation Sector, while Recurrent expenditure accountedforaboutone-third of increasing attherateofabout16percent perannum. gate expenditure inthe Water andSanitation Sector is of 31.2 percent. The trends show thatstateaggre ities at16percent compared tothenationalaverage lacking inrespect ofaccesstoimproved sanitationfacil national level. However, theState ofOsun wasgrossly average at 78 percent, compared with54.2percent atthe sources in Osun State washigherthanthenational During thereview period,accesstoimproved water inEUfocalStates.(WSSSRP) Water Supply andSanitation Sector Reform Program ------Plate 14: The Osogbo-Ede Dam on Erinle River in Ede

FIGURE 3.2 Distribution of Regular Households by Water Source for Domestic Purpose Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area

37 11,899 7,344 5,011 4,178 3,505 3,202 3,054 3,015 2,959 2,856 2,446 1,500 1,044 957 726 712 456 492 311 338 202 129 155 75 60 58 81 Well Other Spring Borehole Pipe-borne Pipe-borne Rain Water River/Stream/ Dugout/Pond Water Vendor Tanker Supply/ Inside dwelling outside dwelling

Ede South Ede North Egbedore

Source: NPC (2006): Population and Housing Census 2006 38 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.13ElectrificationPoliciesandStrategiesinStateofOsun generation capacity, inadequate,poorlymaintained The problem oferratic power supplycaused by low and economiclifedevelopment ofanycommunity. Availability ofelectricpower supplyiscriticaltosocial Electricity AIRTEL, andETISALAT. Area, themostpopularonesbeingMTN,GLO, licensed GSMoperatorsoperatinginthePlanning Communication (GSM).There are asmanyfive providers andthrough theGlobal System ofMobile moribund NITELandmostrecently by private service are fixed landlines,whichusedtobeprovided by the In Nigeria, available formsoftelecommunications Telecommunications public watersupplyby thepeopleofPlanning Area. shallow wells. There is therefore a great reliance on Ede-Osogbo Scheme,whilstonlyabout19%rely on water supply, whichispotablewaterfrom theNew Area obtainthewatersupplyfrom themunicipal that about 57% of all households in Ede Planning National Population Commissiondataindicate communities. electricity for40rural (i) Provision of Rural Electrification thrive inthestate. for theprivatesectorto enabling environment with aviewcreating an distribution ofelectricity (i) Ensuringequitable Urban Electrification POLICIES STRATEGIES ovision oftransformerforruralelectrificationthrough theconstituencyproject ofHouse (vi) (v) (iv) (iii) fective collaborationwithallstakeholdersinthepowersupplysector(bothpublicandprivate) (ii) (i) cement andrelocation of33KVline(Osogbo-Ikirun-Ila);and (x) chases offivemobilegeneratingsets; (ix) (viii) ovision ofsolarandbio-gas energysources forelectrification projects; (vii) ovision of lighteningarrester buildings; ongovernment (vi) (v) publicbuildings; ovision ofelectricalandmechanical servicesforgovernment (iv) ovision of traffic lightatmajor roads inurbancentres; (iii) (ii) (i)

a Ile- (a) e Olode-Faforiji(10km) (e) Osogbo-Idominasi-Iboku(20km) (d) Iwo-Icier(16km) (c) Iwo-Ejigbo(40km) (b) Complex; Assembly Government; power supply; whereby thecommunitieswillparticipateininvestmentandmaintenanceofprojects; Ef Extension of33KVfeederlinefr Reinfor Construction of3x1000KV Pur Pr Pr Maintenance of7.5MV Pr Pr Extension/r Pr Holding ofsensitizationmeetingswithCommunityDevelopmentAssociations intheLocal Adequate monitoringandsupervisionofpr Organizing studytours(nationalandinter Applying demanddrivenappr Ife -Ifetedo(60km) ehabilitation ofstreet lightsinIlesa,Ikirun,Iwo,Ile-Ife,EdeandOsogboZones; A Injection Sib-Station and External ElectrificationannewSecretariatA InjectionSib-StationandExternal A centralpowerstationforNewSecretariat Complex; oach toprovision ofrural/semi-urbanelectrificationschemes, om: some oftheseproblems include: Policies andstrategiesdeveloped by thestatetoaddress oor attitudeofpeopletomaintenancePHCN (v) attitudeofPHCN leadingtoraising oor service oor response ofPHCN topubliccomplaints; sage ofsubstandard polesby PHCN; (iv) (iii) nsufficient power generation,whichisanational (ii) (i) are asfollows: the periodof2008to2011forState State ofOsun ment andDevelopment Strategy (SEEDSII)covering areas,rural according totheState Economic Empower of electricityintheState of Osun inboththeurban and The problems confronting adequateand reliable supply improving thesituationallover thecountry. sector, thoughtheFederal Government isworking on tion systemsare majorproblems facingNigeria inthis transmission systems and low coverage of the distribu

national0 so as to learn best practices in alternative bestpractices inalternative national0 soastolearn ojects; and installations. refuse tohonour;and of crazybillswhichsomecustomersPHCN issue; P P P U I - - FIGURE 3.3 Access to Telephones in Ede Planning Area 11,899 7,344 5,011 4,178 3,505 3,202 3,015 3,054 2,959 2,856 2,446 1,500 1,044 957 726 712 492 456 338 155 129 Well Spring Borehole Pipe-borne Pipe-borne Rain Water River/Stream/ Water Vendor Tanker Supply/ Inside dwelling outside dwelling

Ede South Ede North Egbedore

Electricity supply to the Ede Planning Area is derived Also due to the proximity of the planning area to from the national grid, through the National Distri- Osogbo, the state capital, population of the area is bution Center located close by at Osogbo, the State increasing at a fast rate and so is the amount of electricity capital. Power is supplied through a 15 MVA Injection required, which is not being adequately met. Hence,

Station located in Ede. Ede North and South Local most consumers resort to the use of electricity gener- Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area Government areas are supplied from this station via 4.5 ating sets, solar powered sets and the use of firewood, MV feeders, which distribute power through 11 KVA kerosene and other less sustainable means to meet their transformers, located within each local government energy requirements, thereby making PHCN supply a 39 area (Fig. 3.5). This Injection Station also supplies other stand-by, if and when it is available. Figure 3.6 shows towns that are located outside the planning area. These the distribution and type of energy supply sources include Ofatedo, Ifon Osun, Iwo, Ejigbo, Ogbagba, being used by resident in the planning area. Electricity Ilobu, Oroki Estate thereby resulting in overloading of and Kerosene are the most popular sources. the Ede Injection Station.

Plate 15: An 11KVA transformers in the Ede Planning Area 40 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE3.14EducationalattainmentformaleandfemalehouseholdpopulationintheStateofOsun TABLE 3.15EducationalInstitutionsinEdePlanningArea schoolwillaccom six tonineyears. Eachelementary Primary One toFour. It willcomprisepupilsfrom ages in theFirst Grade totheFourth Grade, thepresent isaneighborhoodschoolforstudents The Elementary Schools. Schools,Middlenamely Elementary SchoolsandHigh tional systemhasbeenreformed intothree categories, educational reforms throughout thestate.Theeduca- The State Government of Osun recently introduced Education electricity totheState isexpectedtoimprove over time. generation anddistributioninthecountry, supplyof with theprivate sectorinvolvement intheelectricity Company. Thecompanyhassincetaken over and sold toIntegrated Energy Distribution andMarketing tion zone, under which the State of Osun is located, was geopolitical zones ofthecountry. The Ibadan Distribu- transmission and distribution companies across the ization agenda,unbundledPHCN intogenerating, Recently, theFederal Government, ofitsprivat aspart transformers across thestate. electrificationandprovisionwas focusedonrural of ease theproblem ofpoorsupplyelectricityattention During theimplementationofSEEDSI,inorder to Vocational Centers Youth LiteracyCenters Women LiteracyCenters Adult LiteracyCenters Universities Colleges/Polytechnics Secondary Schools Primary Schools Description Gender Female Male education No 33.0 10.7 primary Some 16.6 22.1 primary Completed 15.9 12.3 secondary Some 13.8 19.6 Source: NigeriaDemographicandHealthSurvey, 2008.NationalPopulationCommission secondary Completed - - 13.5 21.5 men thanwomenintheState ofOsun. percentage is 89%. In essence there are more educated schoolwhileformen,the education tosecondary form of education or theother, rangingfrom primary in Table 3.16.About 66.1%ofwomenhave hadone population inthestateofOsun asat2006isshown Educational attainment formaleand female household across the State. Thereand afoodcourt. willbe20ofsuchschoolslocated laboratories,recreationincluding stateoftheart centres andSocialfor allsubjectsintheSciences,Arts Sciences, each havingthree schools in onelocationwithfacilities each. The High Schoolsare designedasamegastructure The High Schoolswillaccommodate3000students I toIII.Theagerangewillbebetween 15and17 years. to 12thGrade, whichisSenior School(SSS) Secondary The High Schoolscomprise studentsfrom 10th Grade each havingthecapacitytoaccommodate900pupils. plans to build 50 Middle Schools across the State with as Grades 5-9,andtheHigh Schoollevel. Thestate andcomprisesofages10to14years, now classified III) which isPrimary Five toJunior School(JSS Secondary The Middle Schoolisforthe Fifth tothe Ninth Grade, planned fortheState. modate 900 pupils. About Schools are 100 Elementary secondary More than 13.9 Ede South 6.3 Private 1 Private 2 Private 18 Public 0 Public 19 Public 34 missing know/ Don't 0.9 0.0 0 0 0 6 0 Source: Consultant’s (2013) FieldSurvey Ede North Public 0 Private 1 Private 7 Private 21 Public 13 Public 28 Total 100.0 100.0 11 Number 0 1 0 1 2354 1503 Total completed years Median 33.0 10.7 11 32 39 62 0 1 6 1 2 9 FIGURE 3.4 Distribution of energy supply sources in Ede 18,372 15,979 15,978 14,249 9,897 9,950 5,594 5,587 3,494 289 288 233 172 43 57 47 47 104 121 143 14 Gas Solar Total Other Candles Kerosene Electricity

Ede South Ede North Egbedore Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area

Plate 16: Redeemer's University Ede (under construction)

Plate 17: Adeleke University, Ede 42 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project attention. moremany of the private hospitals and clinics deserve location, distribution, design and equipment found in in somecasescompletereplacement. Similarly, the centers are oldandrequire urgentrefurbishment and health and equipmentinthehospitalsprimary Stateparticularly hospitals.Most oftheinfrastructure the Planning Area isnoteffectivelybyhospitals, served generally inadequate,bothinquantityandqualityas The provision ofhealthfacilitiesin Ede isconsidered Health area. tals, herbalhomesandpharmacystores intheplanning There isnoaccuratedataonprivately owned hospi Hospital andabout37Primary Health Care Centers. Hospital intheplanningarea, butthere isaState There isno Federal Medical Centre or Teaching private sectorhasbeenthesoleprovider oftheseveral respect toamenitieslikehotelsandguestfacilities.The the statecapital,there isnogovernment presence with Despite theproximity oftheplanningarea toOsogbo, Hotels andGuestfacilities Plate 18 Plate 19: : EntrancegatetoTheFederalPolytechnic,Ede

A PrivateHospital-NewRoyal Hospital, Ede - hotels, guest houses, eateries, fast food facilities and ❚❚ Inadequate electricity supply: Adopt a adequate other public places in the Planning Area. measures to address massive shortfall in power supply against demand, and low voltage when available For instance, there are eight privately owned hotels within the Planning area, namely De Prince Hotel, ❚❚ Enforce development control for infrastructure: Palm Crest Hotel, Dignity Hotel, Babs Hotel, Banuso Removal of illegal structures and compensation paid Hotel, Africana Hotel, K.T. Hotel, and Flora Motel. for demolition of all buildings obstructing public infrastructure. Similarly, there are two privately-owned guest houses and resort centers, namely Camp Young and Baptist ❚❚ Rehabilitate State Hospital and Primary Health Women Center both located within Ede North LGA. Centers and provide more state hospitals: Rehabil- However, there are no government-owned hotels and itate the only state hospital and the 37 primary motels in the planning area. There are also numerous health centres in the area, so that they can perform bars and two restaurants, namely Fries and Grills, and successfully the functions. Captain Cook. ❚❚ Improve electricity supply: Improve electricity a) Identified Development Issues supply and encourage the use of alternative and safe Some constraints encountered in the provision of social energy source. services include: ❚❚ Refurbishment of heritage sites: The heritage sites ❚❚ Poor service delivery of public servants due to lack of such as those of Sango, Oya, Esu. There is need to required skill, refurbish and provide for recreational facilities.

❚❚ Inadequate facilities and poor access to basic services. ❚❚ Safeguard and ensure provision of sufficient land for infrastructure to meet the needs of the current and ❚❚ Willingness to pay for water supply: Willingness future community; of the community to pay for water supply provided by government agencies. ❚❚ Ensure timely provision of infrastructure to accom-

pany development; Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area b) Agreed Priority Areas ❚❚ Improved access to basic services: Improve access ❚❚ Ensure that proposals for new developments make to urban basic services in terms of priority needs and appropriate contributions towards the provision of 43 access to education, health, water etc. infrastructure;

❚❚ Improved management of infrastructure and ❚❚ Ensure development is restricted in areas where facilities: Improve the management of infrastructure infrastructure and other services are inadequate and and communal facilities. there are no proposals for future improvements;

❚❚ Use of PPP delivery of basic services: Public-Pri- ❚❚ Improve access to facilities, particularly for young vate-Partnerships for delivery of Urban Basic people, the elderly and the disabled people infra- Services. structure.

Plate 20: Camp Young Guest Houses and Resort Centre 44 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project government is developing Business Infrastructures that To complement,theroad network system,thestate neighboring Ogun State, Ijebu Igbo Axis). neighboring Kwara State) towards Lagos(through from theNorth,of goodsandservices (through network systemthatwillfacilitateeasymovement an integratedmanner, toprovide thestatewitharoad These projects are currently beingimplementedin Roads, LocalGovernment Roads andRural Roads. Highways,Boundary Inter CityRoads, Township of various roads inseveral categories.Theseinclude, programme involves andexpansion theconstruction Business Capital)iscurrently beingimplemented.This the hinterlandsofNigeria andLagosState (Nigeria’s between ofgoodsandservices for thetransportation ment programme to open up the state as a viable route Nigeria. Assuch,aphysicalinfrastructure develop Osun asacommercial hubforthesouthwest of ment ofinfrastructure askeytoitsvisionofestablishing The State government of Osun considersthe develop is currently beingimplemented. comprehensive road infrastructure programme which the other hand, the State government has initiated a the initiative andprepare itsown policy. transport On nation-wide. However, theState ofOsun isyet toadopt sector to guidethedevelopment thetransportation The National Transport Policy has been promulgated 3.2.8 FIGURE3.5MajorRoadsinEdePlanningArea

Transportation - - but theokadahascontinuedtoposeproblems ofsafety and theokada.Theseprovide door-to-door services withinthesettlements isminibuses mode oftransport and commercial motorcycles ( rarily forcommercial purposes(kabukabu),tricycles a combinationofminibuses,private carsusedtempo Public inthePlanning Area transportation isthrough Planning Area. inthe There service isagenerallackofpublictransport inthePlanning Area. service no watertransportation Thereconsists essentiallyofroad transportation. isalso In the Ede Planning Area, network the transportation component oftheO-Hub initiative. can bemoved between LagosandOsun willbeakey wherein goodsandservices A dedicatedrailservice, using thePPP(Public andPrivate Partnership) Model. betweenServices Lagos andthehinterlandofNigeria to facilitatethestorageandmovement ofGoods and tion ofanetwork of Warehouses inOsun andLagos, Business- Capital).Theprogramme entailstheconstruc logistics systemtoconnectOsun withLagos(Nigeria’s commercial hub, through thebuildingofarobust O-Hub seekstodeepenthepositionofOsun asa to address thisneed. Osun-Hub (O-Hub) initiative isbeingimplemented network andcommercial hubwillbring. Assuch,the whichtheemergingroad theopportunities will support okada). Thedominant - as they have been associated with accidents and other passes through Ede and links Osogbo, the capital of the crimes. Most buses and other transport vehicles are State of Osun with other parts of the country, notably old, posing safety challenges for passengers. There is no Ibadan and Lagos. This road, under the state’s road state-owned public transport in the state and as such infrastructure programme has been classified an Inter- none in the Planning Area. city Road and was recently upgraded to a dual carriage way. There is also the Iwo-Osogbo Road, which also Road Transportation links Ibadan to Osogbo, through Ede town. This road There are three classes of roads in Nigeria, namely the is in poor shape. Federal, State and Local Roads. However, the present government in the state under its road infrastructure State and Local Roads development programme has reclassified these roads Within Ede Planning area there is a network of into the following road network to cover the entire secondary roads, some of which either branch or feed state: into the main Akoda-Ede Road which connects Ede town with the Gbongan-Osogbo Expressway, thus ❚❚ Boundary Highways providing a vital link to Ede town and other parts of the Planning Area. In all, the total length of state roads ❚❚ Intercity Roads in the planning area is about 325.8 kilometres (Table 3.16), comprising mostly asphalt roads in fair or poor ❚❚ Township Roads conditions.

❚❚ Local Government Roads Apart from state roads, there are also local government roads. There are about 10 in number and most of them ❚❚ Rural Roads are earth roads with a total length of 120 kilometers. The roads are mainly in poor condition. Federal Roads Federal roads, also referred to as Class A roads are Growth within the Planning Area, due to its proximity those roads that interconnect major towns and cities, to Osogbo, the State capital is sporadic without any particularly the State Capitals with each other. These form of planning. There is little integration between

major or trunk roads are provided by the Federal land use and transportation planning. Generally, due Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area Government of Nigeria. In the Ede Planning Area, the to informal nature of urban development, there is no Gbongan (Akoda - Ede) - Osogbo Federal Highway defined hierarchy of roads in most areas. 45

Plate 21: Minibuses, Okada and Kabukabu used for public transport in the Ede Planning Area 46 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.16ListandconditionsofRoadsinEdePlanningArea transportation. transportation. human and cargo when completed, will serve airport namedMKO Abiola International The Airport. 22) (Plate toaninternational airport to upgradetheairport astheStatestructed, government hasinitiated aproject isnowof functionalairtransportation, being recon been neglectedforseveral years withoutanyform Local Government Area. whichhad Theairport, gion islocatedinIdo Osun, Ede North/Egbedore tobebuilt intheThe firstairport WestAfricansub-re Airports passing through thePlanning Area. canbemovedand services between LagosandOsun, wherein goods to implementadedicatedrailservice, ofitsOsun-Hubpart (O-Hub) initiative isplanning rehabilitate thesystemandState government, as However, theFederal Government to ismakingefforts indigenes from LagostoOsogbo duringfestivities. the State government of sponsorstransportation for theinfrequent traffic from Lagostothenorth, good conditionandrailtrafficislow. very Except rail. The rail line passing through the area is not in system,suchasmonorailorlight rail transportation through thePlanning Area, there isnoformoflocal Though the North-South (Plate 21)raillinepasses Rail (MonorailandLightRail) SN 10 11 13 12 15 14 17 16 18 19 23 22 21 20 6 8 7 9 5 4 3 2 1 Ejigbo-Iwo Road Ejigbo-Ika/Aro Road Ejigbo-Ife Odan-OwuIleRoad Oguro-Idewure Road Aato-Ilaro Road Ola-Olokoro Road Awo-Ogbagba-Iwo Rd(EdePortion) Ido-Osun-Okinni Road Oluobinu-Oja Timi Road Oluobinu-Oja Timi Ede (CollegeHospital)AisuRd Ara-Ikotun Road Osogbo-Iwo Road Mosifa-Isoko-Aye Road Ola-Isundurin Road Royal HotelRoadEjigbo Ojularede RoadEde Ede-Ojoro-Abere Road Oguro-Idewure-Ejigbo Road Ede-Alajue-Osu Road Ede-Kuta Road Ede-Egbedi-Erin Road Ede-Awo-Ejigbo NAME OFROAD Ede-Ara EjigboRoad Total LengthofRoads LENGTH (KM) 325.8 4.5 3.4 1.3 2.8 8.8 15 25 30 14 20 14 16 23 20 13 20 18 30 23 7 9 8 - - ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ a) TYPE OFSURFACE ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Surface Dressing in theprovision ofroads. of therole ofFederal State andLocalGovernments tiers of government: Lackofeffective coordination Ineffective coordination of road provision among Poor Traffic Management: Traffic Poor point. roads asentry standardsconstruction for development of urban standards: Absence ofstrategiesanddesign Absence ofroad development strategiesand Unsafe useofroads by allusers: provisiontransport andlanduses. use development: Lackofrelationship between Poor relationship provision of transport with land clists affecting safetyofpedestrians,cyclists andmotorcy poor provision forcyclists parks, rightsofwayand compared withotherroad users,coupledwith accidents involving motorcyclists ( enforcement of traffic rules andenforcement oftraffic regulations. and services/facilities establishment ofsupport nation ofroad/traffic management agencies, Asphalt Earth Asphalt Earth Identified DevelopmentIssues Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Asphalt Earth Earth Earth Earth Earth Earth Earth Earth Earth Ministry ofWorksSource: Ministry andTransport, Osogbo CONDITION Poor Poor Poor Poor Fair Fair Fair Strategies for coordi High rateofroad REMARK Currently Under Construction okada) when - - Plate 22: Gbongan (Akoda - Ede) to Osogbo Federal Highway Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area

Plate 23: The Akoda - Ede link road

❚❚ Poor funding of transportation: Investment in trans- ❚❚ Provision of airports and development of rail portation services at state and local government level. stations: Resuscitation of Railway service to enhance movement of goods and services. b) Agreed Priority Issues ❚❚ Provide ultra-modern motor parks: Construction ❚❚ Improve road design and construction standards: of standard motor parks at four major transport axes Raising of central island on expressway to discourage in major cities in the planning area illegal turns by drivers and motorcycle riders.

❚❚ Expand road improvement programme: In ❚❚ Regulation of Parking: Promulgation of bye-laws extending the O-Renewal and Road Upgrading regulating street parking and provision of modern programme, township and intra road systems should parking facilities. be improved to facilitate commercial and social life of residents. ❚❚ Review role of Traffic management agencies: Resolution and harmonization of operational ❚❚ Reduce traffic congestion and ensure safety of conflicts between Federal Road Safety Corps and pedestrians: Construction of overhead bridges to Vehicle Inspection Officers reduce vehicular congestion due to pedestrian traffic, particular along the Gbongan-Osogbo road and the ❚❚ Establish Driving schools to train drivers: Estab- Akoda-City center roads. lishment of Driving Schools and enforcement of drivers’ registration documentation. 48 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project the assistanceofLandlords Associationsisalso Police Force, theLocalGovernment Authority with is concerned with security issues. Besides the Nigeria of the local governmentThe community department crime prevention policyorstrategy. assessmentforthecityandany published survey/safety in unemployment rate.There isnocrimevictimization ignorance, cultism, low level of education and increase main causesofcrime/violenceinthecityare poverty, security authoritieslikethepolice,vigilanteetc.The not have facilities to getinformationacross to the car theft,whilemembersofthecommunitydo robbery, assault,kidnappingpeopleforrituals,and The most major security issues facing the city are 3.2.9 Urban Safety Plate 24: Plate 25 : ArtistImpression Airport,IdoOsun ofMKOAbiolaInternational

Virtually abandonedraillinepassingthroughVirtually thePlanningArea struck in thepastandtheircausesinclude: struck the maindisasterrisksfacingEde. Disasters thathave individual hazards whilefloodingandlandslidesare risk. Fire factorresponsible isthemostimportant for There isno regulation orpolicy relating tourbandisaster 3.2.10 movement times, usuallyatnight. atcertain laws are passedoccasionallytoregulate andrestrict order toregulate activitiesthataffecturbansafety, groups toprovide adequatesecurityforthecity. In The localgovernment collaborateswithvigilante Institutional Setup authorities andotherstakeholdersonsecurityissues. though thepolicework together withlocalgovernment responsible forensuringsafety/securityofresidents, Disaster RiskReduction Source : StateofOsunOfficial Website TABLE 3.17 Recent Disasters in State of Osun

DISASTER EVENT CAUSE AGREED PRIORITY ISSUES 1 Flooding Poor Drainage Infrastructure • Provision of adequate drainage system

2 Fire Carelessness and lack of approved • Public awareness media services like the radio and layout plans, building plans, and television on disaster risks, immediate steps to take inadequate ventilation whenever they foresee a risk, and steps that can be taken to prevent these risks. 3 Building collapse Use of poor/improper materials • Enforcement of legislation on conduct of Environmental building materials and personnel Impact Assessments (EIA); setting up of committee which monitors building materials during construction • The local community helps to notify any authority whenever there is a disaster e.g. PHCN, fire service etc. Chapter 3: Development Issues in Ede Planning Area

49 50 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project 04

URBAN FORMS AND ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERNS FOR EDE PLANNING AREA 52 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project sary travel demand. sary other handbringschaosandconfusionunneces that city. Lack of adequate land use planning on the movement out ofdaytoactivitiesin andcarrying with land use. This brings about efficiency, in terms of In isproperly integrated additionpublictransportation community. are locatedwhere theycanbeeasilyaccessed by the and retail shops,schoolsandothersocialservices that require great accesstofunctionsuchasmarkets incompatible uses are separated. In thesamevein, uses landusesare grouped togetherwhile complementary settlement. With adequateplanning,compatibleand determine issuesofefficiencyandfunctioninthat agencies. Thewaythelandusesare arrangedwill based ondecisionsofindividuals,organizationsand Functional landuse considerations in any city are local, regional, nationaloreven global. turing anddistributionwhoselinkagesmaybe Yet othersare productive activitiesrelating tomanufac andleisure),sports orspecialneedssuchashealthcare. are institutionalandirregular, shapedby lifestyle(e.g. predictable, such ascommuting and shopping.Others activities, becausetheyoccurregularly andare thus have aspatial imprint.Some land useformsare routine specific locationsand are ofactivity systemswhich part tion anddistribution.Thesefunctionstakeplaceat multitude offunctions,suchasproduction, consump Most economic,socialorculturalactivitiesimplya areas have lower levels ofaccumulation. sponding landuses,suchasretail, whileperipheral have ahigh level ofspatialaccumulationandcorre relates toarea oflandbuilt.For instance,centralareas 2009). Theformer relates tolocation,whilethelatter and concentrationofthevarious landuses(Rodrigue, of spatialaccumulation,which indicates the intensity where activitiesare takingplace.Thesecondisthe First isthenature ofland use Essentially, urbanformisafunctionoftwoelements. PLANNING URBAN FORMSANDLANDUSE 4.1

, whichrelates toplaces level - - - - infrastructure. expenditure minimize the encourages kilometres of square of millions preserve and time community facilities.Thiswille public A higherdensityallows more peopletolive closerto cost the construction lines.This reduces the samelengthofpublicservice layout by will be,becausemore peoplewillbeserved area. its density. about is to use land more intensely, increase otherwise future generationsinevitable.One waytobringthis use of land resources for the benefit of present and reducing over time.Thismakesplanningandefficient daily. Thismeanstheamountoflandperheadis settlement isfixed. However, populationisgrowing The amountoflandavailable toanycountry, cityor Density 4.1.1 5 4 commute locations,whilereducingto new mostresidents’ daily cost of providing transit utilities and other services arable land,thisstrategysignificantlydecreases the to distant green fields. In addition to protecting tives todevelop suchland,before drivingdevelopment its original purpose. Cities need to first create incen- cities. Most citieshave landthatisnolongerneededfor sub-centrescompact new within or adjacent to existing Cityplannerscanavoid thisbytransportation. locating development andatthesametimeplaceburden on only succeed in taking good agricultural land forurban sprawling, extensive andlow densitydevelopment will cities togrow. Allowing developments new togrow in Cities authorities have choices on how they want their Compactness conditions over road, numbers Density in anurbancontextmeansmore orless other new areasother new intheurbanperiphery. ofthecity beforein existingdeveloped parts opening much aspossibledevelopment wouldbeconsolidated inner cityredevelopment onacaseby casebasis.As This programme presents for thebestopportunity covering one kilometre radius from the city centre. from thecomprehensive “ORenewal Programme”, Many citiesintheState ofOsun are benefitting

Ibid UN- HABIT rbe land arable electricity, telephone,waterandseweragesystems. The highert

spaces, schools,hospitals,placesof of people served by urbanization in a certain by urbanizationinacertain of peopleserved The CaseforMor Settlements 5 . AT (2012)Planning Urban Settlements inSouth Sudan time, eeomn o hge dniis to densities higher of development 4 The . he d of physicalinfrastructure shorten tripdistances,save travelshorten ensity, t e cpt o urban on capita per ln strongly plan Structure he more efficientthe e Compact nsure bettert worship and such ransit as FIGURE 4.1 Illustration of the Dispersed City concept and the Compact City concept

Existing DISPERSED CITY COMPACT CITY community 1. Rapid urban expansion 1. Filing the vacant neighborhood 2. Great land consumption and under-used land 3. Increase of services and within city limits infrastructure provision 2. Limited consump- cost tion of land 4. More difﬁcult and 3. Writing off and expensive administra- sharing facilities and tion services 5. Heightening of social 4. Easier and more segregation and cost-effective isolation administration

Shared facilities New neighborhood and services

4.1.2 Urban Forms

FORM 1: MONOCENTRIC MODEL FORM 2: THE POLYCENTRIC MODEL This model proposes a strong high density city centre In the polycentric model there is no dominant city with concentration of commercial activities, jobs and centre. There are sub-centres, Jobs and amenities amenities. This will demand daily movement of people distributed in a near uniform manner across the built from the periphery to the centre. Most Yoruba cities up area. There is therefore no organized pattern of demonstrate this urban form, with all streets radiating movement. There is random movement of people

from the Oba’s palace and with markets and commer- across the urban area. This model happens when Chapter 4: Alternative Growth Pattern and Urban Forms cial activities in front of the palace. This model will some villages close to each, especially located on a require adjustments since most of the streets leading major highway merge together but each has its distinct to the city centre are not wide enough to efficiently authority and identity. This model is not efficient and 53 handle the traffic and transportation demands. There is not recommended. is also the need to provide employment closer to where the people live to reduce unnecessary travels, pollution and traffic congestion. FIGURE 4.3 Polycentric Model

FIGURE 4.2 Monocentric Model 54 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project city. andachieve abalancedgrowthjob opportunities ofthe encourage employment inareas presently deficientin the growth ofmultipleactivity areas. It wouldalso theexistingCentralBusinesssupporting District and area. Thisoptionwould result inthesubcentres organized andmovement ofpeopleacross theurban withemployment Thereporting opportunities. willbe sub-centres. Thesesubcentres wouldbeself-sup This modelhasadominantcentre andmultiple FORM 3:THECOMPOSITEMODEL FIGURE4.4PolycentricModel - EDE PREFERRED URBANFORMFOR centre withsub-centres tobecreated. networks willbecarefully plannedtolinkthecore city keep theiridentityandspecializations. Transportation enable thesmallersettlementsengulfed by urbanization This proposal wouldensure balanceddevelopment and land activitysub-centres forexpandingtheurbanform. the CentralBusiness District, andthecreation ofseveral involves therehabilitation oftheexistingurbancore, upon whichtheplannedlanduseswouldbebased.It more appropriate. Thisisthe recommended model makes taking advantage ofits proximity tothestate capital, town, inaccordance withourculturalheritageand The needtoplanmore efficientandbefitting Ede 4.2 S to contendwithlessfarmlands. to security food development, urban to more and more land the plan advantage State the has r Ede metropolis, made of thecity and itsimmediate egion, covers twolocalgovernment areas namelyEde outh andEde North LocalGovernments. Ede, also, north on Iwo-Osogbo Road and to the east the east the to and Road Iwo-Osogbo on north onais ih sgo te tt cptl to capital, state the Osogbo, with boundaries PLANNING AREA ertra. d nes o e lne t take to planned be to needs Ede Secretariat. FORM 3- THE COMPOSITE MODEL f hs rxmt. t s lo motn to important also is It proximity. this of

efficiently, because with development, with because efficiently, of agricultural land will be converted be will land agricultural of the present peasant farmers who have who farmers peasant present the posing a serious challenge of challenge serious a posing 05

STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 56 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project translated intoaconcrete programme, thebroad aim affordable housing by 2000.Althoughthis wasnever that allNigerians own orhave accesstodecentand duced inFebruary 1991 with thegoalofensuring Nigerian’s National Housing Policy wasfirstintro achieved inNigeria. mortality. Thesegoals remain valid butare yet tobe eradicate hunger promote genderandreduce child were designedtoimprove education,combatdiseases, development andtheprovision These ofsocialservices. cation ofpoverty, for ensuringglobalpartnership towards ensuringenvironmental sustainability, eradi tion adoptedtheMillennium Development Goals The United Nations (UN) in 2000, made a declara- daily lives andwell-being ofpeople. of humansettlements,whichprofoundly affectsthe recognizes theimperative needtoimprove thequality sustainable development inurbanareas. Theagenda approaches andstrategiestowards theachievement of a practicalroadmap toanurbanizingworld,setting out “Sustainable humansettlements.TheAgendaprovides “Adequateequal globalimportance: shelterforall” and Settlements (Habitat II1996)addressed twothemesof The second United Nations Conference on Human cities shouldbeplannedandmanaged. broad andlong-termperspective ofhow thetowns and documents andinitiatives. Theseprovide thebasisfor number ofkeyinternational, national andState policy The Structure Plan’s vision ofa reflects thethrusts DEVELOPMENT FOR HOUSINGANDURBAN THE EXISTINGFRAMEWORK 5.2 tives ofthe Structure Plan forEde. should underpinthestrategicvisionandspecificobjec ofsustainablecitieswhich impact onthedelivery are nationalandinternationalstrategicobjectives that the benchmark foranyfuture planningpolicy. There and thegoalofensuringcleanersafercitiesset principles, internationalconcernsonclimatechange The needforadoptionofsustainabledevelopment reference tocurrent global,nationalandlocalagenda. The visionofthe Structure Plan cannotbesetwithout CONTEXT OFTHESTRUCTUREPLAN 5.1

- - - life more abundant’, thepeoplemustbeableto: engender thedevelopment promise of‘freedom forall, implementation ofeachthesepoints.Assuch,to ofthedevelopment visionrequiresdelivery acombined These sixpointsare definedasintegral becausethe Progress. Education and,Promote CommunalPeace and ment, Promote Healthy Living,Promote Functional Banish Hunger, Banish Poverty, Banish Unemploy- development agendafortheState. Thefocusisto: Ogbeni RaufAregbesola administrationtorealize the cardinal development actionpointsdefined by the The Six Point Integral Action Plan derives from the urban development. economic growth, theprovision ofinfrastructure and also identifiedmajorproblems militatingagainstthe Although its focus is towards poverty reduction, it Empowerment andDevelopment Strategy (NEEDS). Strategy (SEEDS)derived from theNational Economic its State Economic Empowerment andDevelopment The State of Osun’s Six-point Integral Action Plan is consideration manner withadequate infrastructure isofprime public andprivate sectorsin a unifiedandintegrated tenure. Theprovision ofaffordable housingthrough ataffordable costandasecure services infrastructural housing located in healthy environment with sanitary Nigerians own or have access to a decent, safe and and Urban Development Policies istoensure thatall of the The thrust Federal Government’s Housing social instabilityandinsecurity. leading to economic stagnation, declining welfare, previous atplanningandvisioning,thereby efforts sion hasoccurred. Thisisduetothefailure tosustain the World; yet littleintheformofeconomicexplo- being thebiggesteconomyinAfricaand26th of Nigeria’s economicpotentialiswell recognized, among theworld’s 20largesteconomies.Theconcept It isexpectedthatby theyear 2020,Nigeria wouldrank living andwellbeing ofNigerians. and development and,ensures improved standards of growth, promote efficienturbanand regionalplanning urban settlementswhichfosterssustainableeconomic of theNUDPistopromote adynamicsystemof Urban Development Policy (NUDP2012).Thegoal remains andformsthebasisforrecent National • • • Have ajobtobeengagedwith Sustain adignifyinglifestyle Easily feedthemselves unemployment poverty so astobanishhunger so astobanish so astobanish • Easily access health care services so as to This Mission Statement, besides reflecting the aspira- promote healthy living tions of the people, encapsulates the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the broad aim of • Acquire market relevant skills so as to promote the central government in terms of urban development functional education and human settlement policies and programmes.

• There should be peace and harmony for the 5.3.2 The Objective of the State of benefit of the people, visitors and businesses in Osun: the state so as to promote communal peace and harmony. The objectives are to:

The State consciously pursues both social and economic ❚❚ Ensure that human settlements develop without programs in an integrated manner because of its resolve discrimination. Town and cities should offer equal to use human capital as the primary agent of change opportunities for a productive and freely chosen for its development plan. It therefore becomes imper- livelihood; equal access to economic resources, ative that human capacity be developed and nurtured including the right to inheritance, the ownership to sustainably propel economic and infrastructure of land and other property. The empowerment of programs. women and their full participation on the basis of equality in all spheres of society, whether rural or The ambitious goal of rapid economic development urban, are fundamental to sustainable human settle- is expected to have significant impact on towns and ments development. cities within the State. Orderly development and the provision of infrastructure and other amenities are ❚❚ Eradicate poverty by meeting the basic needs of all preconditions for economic growth. Therefore the people, especially those living in poverty and disad- challenge remains to lay the foundation for industrial vantaged and vulnerable groups, particularly in the competitiveness through rapid development. developing countries where poverty is acute, as well as enable all women and men to attain secure and sustainable livelihoods through freely chosen and

productive employment and work. Plan Vision, Chapter 5: Structure Goals and Objectives 5.3 ❚❚ Promote sustainable development by giving full THE STATE OF OSUN’S OVERALL consideration to the needs and necessities of 57 VISION achieving economic growth, social development and environmental protection.

❚❚ Improve the environment and quality of life through 5.3.1 Mission statement good design, aesthetics and land-use patterns. The process of design, management and maintenance The overarching Mission statement for Osun is: of human settlements should be guided by people’s need for community and their aspirations for more livable neighbourhoods and settlements. “To provide an excellent, efficient ❚❚ Ensure high quality of life of people. This will and effective quality Government involve protecting public health, providing for safety and security, education and social integration, service that will result in the promoting equality and respect for diversity and cultural identities, increased accessibility for persons growth and physical development with disabilities, and preservation of historic, spiri- tual, religious and culturally significant buildings of the State of Osun as well as in and districts, respecting local landscapes and treating the local environment with respect and care. the improvement of the welfare ❚❚ Preservation of the natural heritage and historical of its citizenry with a positive spill- human settlements, including sites, monuments and buildings, particularly those protected under over to other parts of Nigeria.” the UNESCO Convention on World Heritage Sites, should be assisted, including through international cooperation. 58 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ The specificobjectives are: 5.4.2 jobs andadequateincome.” residents tohavedecenthousing, providing opportunitiestoallits “By 2034Edewillbeathrivingcity is: the Communityandstatelocalgovernments’ The visionfor Ede ascontainedintheaspirationsof 5.4.1 PLAN STRATEGIES FORTHESTRUCTURE THE VISION,OBJECTIVESAND 5.4 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ meets localneeds; recreational activitiesandotherinfrastructure that healthcare, assets,communityservices, sporting tion andemployment culturaland opportunities, tectural, culturalorhistoricalinterest; buildings, andimprovement ofplaceslocal, archi To promote rehabilitation of andpreservation provide forlocal businesses; support ture andanimproved localenvironment thatwill environs andproviding homesandinfrastruc new Improving the overall environment of Ede and structure; travel congestion,energycostsandutilitiesinfra Reducing theimpactsofflooding,wastedisposal, by walking,cycling, androad; publictransport Making Ede aneasyplacetogetandaround Supporting localcommunitylifethrough educa inanattractive setting; leisure services quality andquantityofcommercial, residential and Regenerating Ede Core area toprovide improved homes,includingfamilyhousing; mix ofnew enhancing the publicrealm, and a more sustainable environs businesses and byenterprise, supporting Improving the overall environment of Ede and

Objectives Vision

- - - - among otherthingsinclude: plan period.In thespecificstrategieswould particular levels would be given special attention during the government agenciesatState and LocalGovernment and sensitizationofkeystaffequipping relevant management of policies and programmes. Training building capacitythrough jointownership andlocal with thecommunityandinternationalbodiestowards government would need to enter into real partnerships In order toachieve theabove, thestateandlocal ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ .. StrategiesoftheStructure 5.4.3 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ of lifeinEde. improvements in improving willplayapart quality minimizing energyuseandcostsacross Ede. These ments willalsobemeetingenvironmental standards, and visit with a vibrant community. New develop- make Ede anattractive locationforpeopletolive and leisure facilitiesandimproved publicrealm to Ensuring health goodqualityandmixofhomes,new design. the Planning Area through highqualitysustainable by developments encouraging new that complement Preserve thedistinctlocal characterofheritagesites and pretation ofandsignageheritagehistoricplaces; including raisingawareness andimproving theinter heritage assets to encourage local distinctiveness, protection andenhancementof Conservation, characteristics ofoldcity; congested buildingsandinfrastructures whichare To replace thevarious degree ofold,decayed and and makeEde more economicallyresilient. thrivinglocalbusinesses,generatemoresupport jobs to increase localspendingpower inthearea and industries, libraries,promoting equalityofaccess andcreativeparks andopenspaces,arts activitiesand Improving provision forculture, andleisure, sports and otherinfrastructure andcommunityfacilities; where appropriate, provided withadequatetransport developments which are properly planned and, run-down orunder-utilized urbanareas withnew Improving the builtenvironment by replacing old, ment Strategy; fromthrough theEconomic interventions Develop tunities willbeavailable intheeastofborough around thePalace. Increased employment oppor- homeswillbeprogressingnew onkeysitesinand ment through improvements to the public realm appearance oftheoldcity;ensure majordevelop- Promoting sustainable development and physical Programme Plan - - 06

POPULATION GROWTH AND LAND USE PROJECTIONS (2014 - 2033) 60 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project c. b. a. Structure Plan includethefollowing: The assumptionsforpopulationprojections underthe 6.1.1 transportation. housing, work, recreation, and basicurbanservices characteristics are functionsofthe demands for growth demographic inpopulation and inparticular Thecurrent andanticipated for basicurbanservices. to, housing, recreation, mobility and requirements current andfuture populations,especiallywithrespect required tomakeprovision fortheneedsofboth land useplanningprojections forthePlanning Area are growing populationare adequatelymet.Essentially, planning asmeansofensuringthattheneeds Projections for future needsare central to land use AREA PROJECTIONS FORTHEPLANNING POPULATION ANDLANDUSE 6.1 below: result oftheprojections issetoutin Tables 2.4 following formulaassetoutbelow forwhichthe rate methodofpopulation projection usingthe Area usingcompoundgrowth wasundertaken the State ofOsun. cent, which is the same as the Growth Rate for the National Population Growth Rate at 3.2 per National Population Commissionhasestimated rate of3.2%.Going by the2006Census, migration, willoccuronanannualgrowth Planning Area through natural increase and requirements. the percapitaspacestandards andfacilityspace estimated usinganumberofmethodssuchas That thepopulationprojections for Ede P That future gro That theland required forcommer

r =annualgrowth rate;and Po =Population ofbaseyear; Where, Pn =Population inyear n. P n =numberofyears Basic AssumptionsforPopulation Projections n =Po (1+r/100)

wth inthepopulationofEde n cial useis lanning 6.1.2 h. g. f. e. d. and isshown in Table 6.1below. The projected datafrom 2005-2030hasbeenextracted five-year from 1990 tothe periods,starting year 2060. been calculatedover aperiodof70years, inbandsof medium andlow rangesforgrowth rates.Thesehave sion (NPC) has come out with some figures for high, rates inNigeria. The National Population Commis There are various estimatesofpopulation growth v. iv. iii. ii. i. following: into establish future populationof From theforegoing,inordertoestimate The f population growth. actors, whichinfluencegrowth rates,includethe uses. of standards toensure equitabledistributionof their spatialdistribution. conceptfor fashion usingthecentralplacetheory districts andthetown conceptsinahierarchical tion andspatialscalesincludingneighborhoods, as education,health,isbasedonplannedpopula and existingshortages. especially thetotalpopulation,householdsize structure astheoperationalguide. circulation and15%additionalforsocialinfra conventional for 40%oftotallandusereserved and services. embrace manufacturingandprovision ofgoods diversifying the economy of the state of Osun to tially increase thisfigure tocontributegoalof land allocation,whichistoolow andtosubstan will radically improve on theexisting amount of centres; That landuseallocationwillbebasedonaset Projections forprovisions such ofbasicservices Land for housing is based on housing demand isbasedonthe Land neededfortransportation That landuse projection forindustrial landuse Improved medicalandsanitation conditions. Socio-economic factors; Immigration areas ratesfrom rural totheurban Reliability ofthepopulationcensusfigures; rates; Changes inbirth

consideration allfactors Population Growth Rate the growthrateofpopulation,taking

Ede people, itisnecessaryto that influence - - - - TABLE 6.1 Population Projections for Ede Planning Area (2014-2033)

LGA 2006 2014 2018 2023 2033 Ede North (70%) 58682 (83831) 75499 (107856) 85637 (122338) 100244 (143205) 137358 (196226) Ede South 76035 97825 110960 129888 177978 Egbedore LGA (70%) 52105 (74435) 68063 (97261) 77825 (111179) 91986 (131409) 128508 (183583) Total Average 186822 241387 274422 322118 443844 OSUN 3423535 4035659 4404660 4936348 6287268 Source: National Population Commission

For the purpose of this report, population growth The projected average population for each of the will be projected using the average rates determined constituent LGAs in the Planning Area in the year using the low, medium and high range of population 2033 is as shown in Table 6.2 below. growth rates. Thereafter estimated values for population growth in the short, medium and long term in According to the official gazette of the Federal Republic Planning Area will be determined. of Nigeria in 2007, has a population of Ede North 83,831 (Male - 43,190; Female - 40,641), whilst the 6.1.3 Disaggregated Population population of Ede South is 76,035 (Male - 39,381; Projection for Ede Planning Area Female - 36,654) which gives the approximate population of Ede Planning comprising of these two local In order to achieve credible population estimates and government to be about 159,866.00 in 2006. When projections, figures are computed on the basis of Local this is projected to the current year, the present average Governments predominantly in the Planning Area (70 population of the Planning Area in the year 2014 will per cent of population) and Local Governments with be about 101,634. This is expected to rise to 309,321 portions in the Planning Area (30 per cent of popula- in the year 2033. A summary of the demographic tion), as reflected in populations estimates for 2014 statistics of Ede North and Ede South LGs is presented

- 2033 disaggregated by Local Governments. in Table 6.2 and Figure 6.1. and Chapter 6: Population Growth Plan (2014 - 2034) Land Use Structure

The computed population figures for Ede Planning Area, therefore, which is was 186,822 in 2006 has been 61 projected to be 443,844 by 2033.

TABLE 6.2 Disaggregated Population Projections for Ede Planning Area (2014 - 2033)

LGA Population Short Term (2014-2018) Medium Term (2019-2023) Long Term (2024-2033) Ede North 85637 100244 137358 Ede South 110,960 129,888 177,978 Egbedore 77825 131409 183583 Total 274422 322118 443844

Source: NPC (2006): Population Census 2006

FIGURE 6.1 Population Projections for Ede Planning Area (2014 – 2033)

8000000 7000000 6000000 5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 0 2006 2014 2018 2023 2033

OSUN Egbedore LGA Ede South Ede North 62 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project services and transportation. andtransportation. services demands forhousing,work, recreation, basicurban ular demographiccharacteristicsisafunctionofthe and anticipatedgrowth inpopulationandpartic and requirements The current for basic urban services. housing, recreation, andotherpursuits,movement on needsoftheprojected population forwork, on current andfuture population,especiallyfocusing planning projections forthePlanning Area hastofocus the growing populationare met.Essentially, landuse planning asameansofensuringthattheneeds Making future projections are centraltolanduse 6.1.2 in Table 6.3andFigure 6.2. 213,637, 273,172and309,321respectively asshown horizons, theprojected populations were foundtobe (10 years)and long(above 10years) termplanning When disaggregated (5years), medium intoshort FIGURE6.2 Ede North Population Projection for Ede Planning Area 85,637

100,244 Disaggregated PopulationProjections forEdePlanning Area (2014-2033) Short Term(2014-2018) 137,358 Ede South 110,960 129,888

Medium Term(2019-2023) 177,978 - LAND USEBUDGETFOREDE 6.2 take-off year 2014. gives anestimatedbacklogof6,234personsforthe projected to2014atthesamepopulationgrowth rate is takenasthehousingdeficit for2006.This,when total of4,845personsdidnothave anyrooms atall, tion and Housing Census. Thedata indicating that a and Amenitiesdatafrom the2006National Popula is estimatedonthebasisofHousing Characteristics The current housingbacklogforthe Ede Planning Area Planning area. to bedeveloped around theexistingsettlementsin which comesto roughly some 3,900 hectares of land to caterfortheneedsofestimatedpopulation, Table 6.4shows theestimatedlandusebudgetrequired PLANNING AREA Egbedore 77,825 131,409 183,583 Long Term(2024-2033)

Total 274,422 322,118 443,844 - TABLE 6.3 Population and Housing Shortfalls in Ede Planning Area Planning Area LGAs Population LGAs (2006) Regular Households (Planning Area 2006) Total, Housing Shortfall (LGAs,2006) Population Planning Area 2006) (Total, Housing Shortfall 2014 Planning Area (2006) Projected Population (2014) Total Projected Population (2018) Total Projected Population (2023) Total Projected Population (2033) Total EDE Ede South LGA 76,035 15979 1116 186822 6234 241387 274422 322118 443844 (4845) Ede North LGA 58682 12860 2540 (70% Total) (18372) (3628) Egbedore LGA 52105 11185 1189 (70%) (15978) (1598) Ede South LGA 76,035 15979 1116 Ede North LGA 58682 12860 2540 (70% Total) (18372) (3628) Egbedore LGA 52105 11185 1189 (70%) (15978) (1598) Ede South LGA 76,035 15979 1116 Ede North LGA 58682 12860 2540 (70% Total) (18372) (3628) Egbedore LGA 52105 11185 1189 (70%) (15978) (1598)

6.3.2 Water Supply Projections

6.3 According to the National Water Policy of January and Chapter 6: Population Growth Plan (2014 - 2034) Land Use Structure PROJECTIONS FOR BASIC SERVICES 2000, areas with populations greater than 20,000 inhabitants (classified as urban areas) require a water supply provision of 120 litres per capita per day. As 63 such, in line with the projected population of the 6.3.1 Projections for Educational Planning Area, water demand projections for Ede Facilities Planning Area are as shown in Table 6.4 below.

A breakdown of the projections for educational facili- The table shows that total water demand in the Short ties in terms of classrooms to be provided over short, (2014 - 2018), Medium (2019 - 2023) and Long Term medium and long term periods in Ede Planning Area (2024 - 2033) will be 25,636, 32,781 and 37,118 m3/ is shown in Table 6.4. day respectively.

TABLE 6.4 Land use budget for the projected population (2014 – 2033)

Population in 2014 241,387.0 Projected population to 2033 443,844.0 Additional population to plan for 202,457.0 Number of Households at 6 persons per household 33,742.8 Current backlog of Housing in the town 6,234.0 Total land required for Residential use 2,220.9 Space required for Recreation/organised open spaces 60.7 Industrial development 253.8 Commercial land use 285.5 Institutional use 285.5 Circulation, Roads and utilities 698.0 Waste transfer and disposal sites 31.7 Total additional land required for future Development 3,836.3 64 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project the longtermand274Mwinby 2033. term, 173 in the moment to about 69 MW in the short demand inthePlanning from area 43MWat willvary 7% annually. Thecomputationshows thatelectricity on theassumptionthatelectricitydemandwillgrow at calculated asshown in Table 6.4.Thisestimateisbased annual power requirement forthePlanning Area was Therefore, usingpercapitaldemandof145W, the ment ofthevarious statesinNigeria differs. when itisconsidered thatthesocio-economicdevelop as at 2012. This value may not be generally applicable consumption percapitainNigeria wouldbe145 W of approximately 160millionpeople,electricity be about23,302MW. So withpresent population 2015. This implies that by 2012, thedemand should have reached 15,730MWby 2010and28,350by of 7%,electricitydemandinNigeria isexpectedto sion ofNigeria (ECN,2005),takingagrowth scenario demand, however, according totheEnergy Commis It isdifficulttogive adeterministic valueforelectricity 6.3.3 TABLE 6.5 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 Year Electricity DemandProjection Water DemandProjections forEdePlanningArea 26,270,060 25,636,463 25,019,102 24,417,542 23,831,364 23,260,157 22,703,524 22,161,078 21,632,442 21,117,248 20,615,142 20,125,775 19,648,810 19,183,920 litres/day m3/day 26,270 25,636 25,019 24,418 23,831 23,260 22,704 22,161 21,632 21,117 20,615 20,126 19,649 19,184 - - for thePlanningArea TABLE 6.6 2033 2032 2031 2030 2029 2028 2027 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 Year 2012 2033 2032 2031 2030 2029 2028 2027 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Year ElectricityDemandProjections (MW) Electricity Demand Growth in 0.00060 0.00056 0.00052 0.00049 0.00046 0.00043 0.00040 0.00037 0.00035 0.00033 0.00031 0.00029 0.00027 0.00025 0.00023 0.00022 0.00020 0.00019 0.00018 0.00017 0.00016 0.00015 37,118,470 36,204,692 35,314,652 34,447,710 33,603,248 32,780,662 31,979,364 31,198,784 30,438,367 29,697,573 28,975,877 28,272,768 27,587,748 26,920,336 litres/day Projections (Mw) Demand m3/day 37,118 36,205 35,315 34,448 33,603 32,781 31,979 31,199 29,698 29,698 28,976 27,588 27,588 26,920 274 250 228 208 189 173 157 143 131 119 109 99 90 82 75 69 63 57 52 47 43 40 07

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EDE PLANNING AREA (2014-2033) 66 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE7.1Proposed LandUseMap forEdePlanningArea shown inFigure 7.1below. planning.Thelanduseproposal for portation Ede is and are well coordinated andintegratedwithtrans toeachother by ensuringlandusesare complementary productive andsustainablebasis.This will beachieved future growth anddevelopment ofthecityonamore Plan forEde seekstoremedy theseissuesandputthe local governments managingthecity. The Structure sation effectively amongpublicauthorities,stateand capacity and adequateresources tomanage urbani However, there ofsufficienttechnical isadearth and attractive forbothpresent andfuture generations. creating settlements that are more functional, healthy the welfare ofthepeopleandtheircommunitiesby urbanization alsopresents forimproving opportunities integrated city. However, ifwell managedandguided, poverty and,development ofacompact,inclusive and enhancing local economic development, eradication of provision ofdecenthousingandbasicurbanservices, The challenges include difficulties associated with the but alsoopenedupdifferent areas ofopportunities. brought about diverse challengesinthePlanning Area, Urbanisation andurbangrowth inEde have notonly PREAMBLE 7.1

- - aintain closerlinkbetween existingpatternsof rotect whatisgoodandvalued: historicsites, Ii i spatial strategy: The proposed land use plan isbased on the following and slumareas. the upgradingandrehabilitation ofexistingblighted housing in advance of development. It will also ensure the growth ofslumsby providing adequatelandfor people andwomen.Theplanwillalsoaimtoprevent provision ofjobsfortheunemployed, especially young as well as thefuture economicprosperity andthe in order toensure theirviabilityandcompetitiveness will alsocaterfortheneedsofexistinglocalbusinesses with strong anddiverse longtermeconomicgrowth. It Ede and surrounding settlementsmore prosperous the development of a sound economic base to make The overall focusofthe Structure Plan istopromote LAND USEPROPOSALS 7.2 ake proposals torehabilitate/regenerate those iii

development ones; andnew fragile environments andgreen spaces. ment, especiallyinEde core area; areas mostinneedofimprovement andinvest M P M - iv provide adequate and strategic sites for major is to be carried out to determine local mechanisms for activity centres, commercial and businesses, in financing in the city as well as available opportunities areas with the highest potential in Ede in both the capital market and development finance institutions. 7.2.1 Residential Land Use 7.2.2 Local Economic Development Housing Provision The overall vision of the Structure Plan is to maintain Access to decent and affordable residential accommo- a sound economic base to make Ede and surrounding dation is a major factor in improving the quality of life. settlements more prosperous with strong and diverse Housing standards and affordability have strong influ- long term economic growth. The Structure Plan also ences on quality of life, including determining access seeks to cater for the needs of existing local investors to health and education facilities, employment etc. in order to ensure their viability and competitiveness, as well as secure the future economic prosperity of all A significant number of people within Ede businesses and provision of jobs for the unemployed, live in overcrowded and substandard housing. especially young people and women. Many areas within the inner core have the attributes Commercial Land Use of slums due to their poor physical condition and A detailed study of existing office lo cations id en tified inadequate facili-ties. The aim of the Structure Plan that there is no specific preferred office location in Ede. is to provide a mix of housing types, sizes and The outer areas within the Planning Area are not sustain- tenures at the local level towards meeting the needs able locations for strategic scale office de velopment as of all sectors of the commu-nity. This will include the they do not have the extent of resident population to provision of family sized and small housing units and, support employment growth on a large scale. This w ill provision for those unable to compete financially in only result in in-commuting and unsustainable patterns the housing market as well as those with special of travel. However, new office de velopment of an needs. appropriate scale will support their economies and help The Structure Plan seeks to adopt strategies that will alleviate out-commuting to larger centres. In reduce inequalities, create socially mixed communi- particular the area around Akoda will become a ties with greater choices and achieve a better mix in prime office location when the airport becomes

terms of size, type and location of housing available Chapter 7: Development Proposals operational and the Redeemers University to the whole community. This will require significant commences operations at their permanent campus upgrading of existing built up areas which are now located in the area. New Office developments will classified as slums. Improvements already recom- 67 also be directed to Sekona and Owode due to their mended under the Urban Renewal scheme are to serve proximity and direct access to Osogbo, made possible as the basis for further action. by the Gbogan - Osogbo dual carriage way which Housing Demand passes through them. It is recognised that housing need will fluctuate over the Small Businesses lifetime of the plan with demographic and economic The nearness of the planning area to Osogbo, changes and as more homes are built to cater for the the state capital makes it well placed to receive sections of the population formerly in need. While the develop-ment outgrowths from Osogbo, which will Structure Plan seeks to meet identified housing needs support the economy of the basically rural where possible, this will not be done at the expense communities in the area. This will encourage rural of achieving a mix of different dwelling sizes, types diversification, whilst respecting the environmental and tenures within neighbourhoods. Schemes will quality and character of the rural areas. The be encouraged where they contribute to improving Structure Plan will help to secure a diverse but the mix of housing type or tenure to facilitate mixed vibrant economy, with a dynamic town centre that communities. supports rural economic development through a Housing Finance range of local employment opportunities to meet the The intention of the Structure Plan is to provide strat- needs of the existing and new population. egies aimed at bringing about social improvement, Urban Agriculture economic growth and environmental sustainability Agriculture, horticulture and forestry play important in communities in the Planning Area. The strategy is and varied roles in supporting the rural economy, to identify and develop financing mechanisms to be including the maintenance and management of the accessed by individuals, private concerns and the public countryside and most valued landscapes. The agricul- sector for financing a wide range of development initia- tural sector is an essential part of the local economy and tives. This will range from provision of basic services to it is important that the sector is supported to become redevelopment of commercial centres and upgrading/ more competitive and sustainable in order to adapt to rehabilitation of dilapidated housing. A detailed study changing markets and to comply with new legislation. 68 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project located in and around Ede. The Structure Plan makes locations withsomepurpose builtdistrictcentres wider urbanarea. Ede haslocalshoppingatdifferent (food) retail provision istobeaddressed withinthe andfacilitiesprovisionservices forlocalconvenience comparison goods(non-food)retailing andmain While Ede town centre would remain the focusfor District andLocalShoppingNeedsinEde this by adopting economic drastic measures torelocate theseactivitiescouldleadto and thetendencytoencroach onthehi congestion andunderminestheamenit While thismayb local economy stor inner o mar High Street developments destination ofchoice. key toEde centre’s future asaregional performance and facilities and its improvementservices is seen as priority asthemarket isthelocationforhigherlevel The programme formarket improvement isatop will enhancetheeconomicbuoyancy ofthesemarkets. encouraging the provision of arange of facilities that The Structure theseinitiatives Plan aimstosupport by with respect totherevitalization ofmarket inthecity. indicated already madesuggestionsonthewayforward major improvements. The Urban planhas renewal Most ofthemarkets inthearea are dated andrequire commerce (AsoOfi)in Ede town, hasgoneto ‘sleep.’ 17 daysandhascontributedtothegrowth oftextile these istheOje Elerin Market, whichfunctionsevery economic driver inEde. Themostprominent of and buoyancy ofthemainmarkets isanimportant trading activitieswithinthePlanning Area. Thevitality Markets provide themainfocusforcommercial and Markets tourists andlocalresidents. surrounding areas, making them more attractive to O-Renewal project willenhancethetown centre and under theO-Renewal schemehasalready begun.The tion oftheonekilometre radiusfrom thecitycentre (CBD). Theimplementationoftheurban regenera its proper functionastheCentralBusiness District need ofregeneration investments andnew toimprove the palaceanditshistoricbuildings,butarea isin Ede Central Area has many goodattributes, not least Centre Town Centre Redevelopment:EdeTown lives ofresiden due str ar vi bustling The ur cities and this is particularly noticeablewithinthe ur citiesandthisisparticularly e part ofthetraditionals e part eets inthecity. Thus,s treet tradingainformal nd e andkiosks.Thiscontributestothevitalityof kets alongmainroad contributetocharacterof to the haphazard nature of some of the market stalls core of Ede. Most of the streets are filledw ith hardship and provides employment for the people. ts. TheStructureP lanaims oregulate t tality and the choice of street markets street of choice the and tality a designsolutio e desirabletosomeextent,itleads and cause major disruptions in the and cause major disruptions hopping characterofseveral n withproper controls. y ofthelocalareas ghway. However, - Industrial LandUse forfuture opportunities explore funding. isevery about the desire outcomes. It istherefore to necessary private nor publicfundswillbesufficienttobring working.tional changethrough Neither partnership principles and actions designed to secure transforma- communities. Thestrategywillsetouthigh-level economic growth andenvironmentally sustainable egies aimedatbringingaboutsocialimprovement, The intentionofthe Structure Plan istoprovide strat Development FinanceandInvestments defined indetailthelocalactionplans. The boundariesof District andLocalCentres wouldbe small postoffice,pharmacy, internet caféand soon. provide such facilities as small supermarket, newsagent, Local centres wouldcontainsmallshopswhich appropriate locations,especiallyaround motorparks. provision foradditionaldistrictandlocalcentres at tunities canbedelivered. the Structure Plan to ensure thatarangeofjoboppor and theresidents’ wellbeing. Provision ismadethrough forCity’s isimportant opportunities future prosperity of employment. Theprovision ofdiverse employment ensure viabilityandvitalityofbusinesses andsecurity facilitiesare providednecessary onthesite. Thiswill investors toattractnew by ensuringthatall important ismadeoperational,it ensure thatthenailfactory excellent road to connections. Whilst itisnecessary duetoits tive tothewarehouse andstorageindustry designated as industrial park which will be attrac shouldbe The area around thedisusedcocoafactory Industrial Park business parks thatare attractive toinvestors. trial landforfuture useandcreating industrialand new the trend by encouragingtheretention ofexistingindus Thepriorityforthe services. Structure Plan isto reverse use has remained undeveloped and lacks basic virtually industrial investment. Thelanddesignatedforindustrial responsiblepartly forthefailure ofthe citytoattract andlackofinfrastructure hasbeensaidtobe shortages other agriculture related industriesinthearea. Energy reopening facilitywillprovide avitalspringboard for of people.The State Government’s commitmentto the cityandprovided employment foralargenumber in operation,itwasthelargestmanufacturingfirm by closure oftheCocoaProducts Industry. While itwas businesses soap detergents, building local as of pockets are contributed environs. and The Ede in companies construction or The manufacturingbaseofE very weak very At present the industrial base of the planning area is absence owned byindividualsorfamilies. due totheabsencemajormanufacturing o h hg uepomn rt. There rate. unemployment high the to of oa frs rdcn sc products such producing firms local materials, plastics, mattresses, bags, mattresses, plastics, materials, n mjr auatrn fr has firm manufacturing major any n cohs Tee r sal scale small are These clothes. and de wasseverely weakened - - - - Trailer Park the use of already developed areas in the most efficient The concept of creating a special area for freight and way, while making them more attractive places to live long haulage firms is supported towards development and work into a major centre for exchange of goods. It is also to be linked with the railway route for easy commu- Harmonization of the roles of Planning nication. Engaging in partnerships with the haulage Agencies firms and transporters will ensure in future that the site Local Governments in the Planning area have not creates inward investment, high value-added employ- been effective in the delivery of urban basic ment as well as opportunities for residents. Further services as provided in the Constitution, partly land around the site is to be acquired for other uses. because they do not enjoy autonomy and partly due to encroachment on their roles by higher 7.2.3 Urban Governance authorities. The Structure Plan will require a review of the existing Promoting good urban governance and planning legal, policy, organizational structure, processes, practice are interdependent and mutually reinforcing staffing, job descriptions in Ede community and the as shown in the profile studies carried out for the local government planning areas with a view to harmo- planning exercise. UN-HABITAT’s Global Campaign nizing their operations to promote effective Urban on Good Urban Governance puts forward some Governance in Ede and ensure efficient city-wide principles that characterize good urban governance, service delivery. Essentially, this exercise will form namely sustainability, subsidiarity, equity, efficiency, the basis for adoption of functional institutional transparency and accountability, civic engagement framework, procedures and mechanisms for ensuring and citizenship, and security. These principles can be effective governance of service delivery at urban and applied in most stages of the strategic planning process: LG levels in Ede. when conducting situation analyses, facilitating stakeholder consultations, drafting action plans or urban 7.2.4 Environment development plans, and when implementing projects. Environmental quality Land Governance and Administration In the past, the Planning Area has been subject to

To maintain and revitalise the economic viability of uncontrolled development and this has resulted in Chapter 7: Development Proposals Ede and adjoining settlements, one of the cardinal the loss of amenity and environmental degradation. principles is to manage land efficiently. Key to the Protecting and enhancing the area’s environmental principle of sustainable development is the mainte- assets, including its landscape and biodiversity, while 69 nance of a reasonable balance in land allocation for also allowing for new development to take place is an different uses, including commercial and industrial important part of the Structure Plan Strategy. There is development, food production, minerals extraction, the need to ensure the protection of the natural and new homes and other buildings, while ensuring built environment and local character by ensuring environmental sustainability. that development takes place in an environmentally sustainable manner. Whilst the control of urban land under the Land Use Act 1978 has been vested under the control and management Natural environment of the Governor of the State, this has so far not led to The need to conserve the natural environment, to judicious and effective allocation and use of land. In the protect cultural heritage and historic buildings rural areas, Local governments’ capacity to administer and to maintain local distinctiveness that land is also very weak. The legal status, security tenure underpins the sustainable development agenda, is and access to land have not always been guaranteed. At an ethos now globally embraced. The planning present the economic interests and benefits of ‘statutory area is endowed with a high quality natural rights of occupancy’ are severely limited. The Structure environment worthy of preservation for the future. Plan seeks to ensure that land is made available for future A number of Ancient Monuments and Shrines are growth and development in the Planning Area. present in different parts of the planning area and these also constitute part of the natural Orderly development and effective management of environment land provide an opportunity for combating climate There also globally recognised heritage sites and many change. Accommodating new developments sustain- open lands are rich in wildlife habitat and biodiver- ably and minimising land wasted will address the sity within the Planning Area. These natural and built impacts of climate change. assets, together with the general quality of the rural and urban areas give the area a very special and valued Preference would be given to the development of sites character. It is therefore important that this distinct within built-up areas before considering the develop- character is not devalued. The quality of the natural ment of green field sites. As much as possible, efforts and manmade environment requires conservation and/ would also be made to conserve land by encouraging or enhancement. 70 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project eration. New developments willalsobeencouraged, existing built form is one that requires careful consid The relationship betweendevelopments new andthe strengthened through policiesinthisplan. exercise. Mechanisms toprotect specificassetswillbe valuable assetsthoughacomprehensive and surveying aged tourgentlydocumentissuesrelating totheir Government organizationswillbeencour andpartner are atriskfrom theimpactofdevelopment pressure. environment. Therefore, aconsiderablenumberofassets -responsible formanagement ofthebuilt or voluntary areas andnorecognisedconservation body–statutory and architectural merit.There are alsonodesignated listing ofancientmonumentsorbuildingshistoric tional ornationalrecognition. There isnocomprehensive and otherculturalfacilitiesthathave acquired interna from protection shrines forhistoricassetsapart statutory aspectofthearea’simportant past.There isatpresent no parks andgardens, andarchaeological remains thatare an valued assets. This includes buildings and structures, The builtenvironment isoneoftheplanarea’s most Built environment and thepeople. will underpin the commitments made by government tive inallproposals fordevelopment andthisapproach Risk. Achieving sustainability is therefore a core objec the carbonemissionsfrom travel andminimiseFlood protection ofthenaturalenvironment willhelpreduce policies withintheplan.Prudent useoflandandthe developmentsall new takeaccountoftherelevant in all areas of policy. It is therefore to that important The response toclimatechangeiscross-cutting issue which needtobeaddressed. recognises thatthere are areas keyissuesintherural the growth and regeneration of urban areas, it also ture Plan focuses,necessarily, onthechallengesfacing ofthearea.significant part Whilemuchofthe Struc communities andundeveloped landaccountfora network ofsmalltown,rural villagesandhamlets.The Much oftheplanarea innature isrural withadispersed ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ture Plan willseekto: thequalityofenvironment, theStrucpreserving In order toaddress thechallengesassociatedwith ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ the riskoffloodingfrom eitherrivers orstormwater; Ensure efficientmanagementofwatertominimise the integrityandsignificanceofdesignatedsites; Minimise thelossofnaturalhabitatsandpreserve Conserve historicassets. Conserve Preserve goodagricultural land;and, Protect watersources from pollution; ------such asfloodriskmanagement,carbonstores; and ecosystems also provide significant beneficial effects network toenablewildlifefreely thrive. Functioning that are tothewidergreen important infrastructure but alsotorestore andcreate habitats,especially those enhance andmanagetheadaptationofexistingsites, The Structure Plan therefore seeks to not only protect, and civicspacesare supply. alsoinshort gardens, cemeteriesandchurchyards andgreen corridors for children, facilities,allotmentsandcommunity sports amenity green spaceare limited.Public spaces,playlots gardens, naturalandsemi-naturalgreen spacesaswell as the variety oftypesopenspace,includingparks and ments andthewiderimpactsofclimatechange.Hence, development pressure, bothasaresult develop ofnew which provide habitatsforwildlifehave beenfacing of otherlocalsitesanddesignatedopenspaces been losttobuildingdevelopment, whileanumber Most ofthesquares andtraditionalopenspaceshave activities required by residents forrecreational activities. sufficient level of tailored open space for recreational the Planning Area, theydonotnecessarilyindicatea Although there are largeexpansesofopenlandwithin Open spaces,parksandgardens of localneighbourhoodswhichthemunique. through proper design,tohelpreinforce thecharacter play a key role in directing development away from Under theStructure Plan, planningpolicies would planning area. present noAirQuality Monitoring equipmentinthe quality andground watercontamination.There isat for industrialprocessing contributegreatly topoorair equipment indiscriminate use ofgeneratorsandcrude in urbanareas where there are heavyflows oftraffic.The areas withintheplanarea, concern butisofparticular Air quality, inparticular, isapressing concerninmany address thecumulative impactsofdevelopment. powerssary tocontrol pollution,includingwaysto place tohelpcontrol pollution.Thesegive theneces There are nationalandstatelegislationpoliciesin limits. their adverse effectsandcontainsuchwithinacceptable located andsubjecttocontrols inorder tominimise polluting theenvironment are tobeappropriately and economicactivitiesbutwhichmaybeprone to use ofland.Hence, forsocietal activitiesnecessary policies is to ensure the sustainable and beneficial The overall aimofplanningandpollutioncontrol Management Environmental PollutionControl and built form. and improve thelinkagesbetween green spacesandthe manage green infrastructure withinthe planningarea crop pollination. The Structure Plan’s priority isto - - areas that may give rise to pollution either directly or ities and will build on this to encourage more private indirectly, towards ensuring that other uses and devel- hospitals for the planning area. opments are not, as far as possible, affected by major existing or potential sources of pollution. Water Supply According to the National Population and Housing Solid Waste Management Census of 2006, about 57% of the total households The level and composition of waste generated in the in Ede planning area obtain the water supply from the planning area are changing. The amount of waste municipal water supply that is the New-Osogbo Ede generated and the ways in which waste is managed in Scheme, whilst only about 19% rely on shallow wells. the Planning Area are to be carefully considered. At By 2033, the total population of the Planning Area present, almost all waste generated is either dumped in has been projected to be 309,321. There will therefore open ditches or disposed of indiscriminately. Reducing continue to be a great reliance on public water supply the amount of waste generated and maximising the by the people of the Planning Area. However, due to opportunities for turning waste into assets is part of the old age, water supply from this scheme is epileptic. Structure Plan’s strategy for sustainable development, The State government is currently making efforts to especially by encouraging recycling and composting. rehabilitate this scheme to bring it back to its design capacity of 180,000 cubic meters per day. When this is 7.2.5 Basic Urban Services eventually completed, treated water will be more available to the planning area. The provision of basic urban services has remained the big challenge for all the local governments in Nigeria The Structure Plan recognizes that ‘Water is life’ and Ede Planning is no exception, especially with its and the need to improve access is very imperative. nearness to Osogbo, the state capital and the rapid rate Therefore the Plan would ensure that the supply at which the current state government is tackling provi- and distribution of water to Ede Planning Area is sion of such services all over the state. Most often, the significantly improved and access is provided for all few neighbourhoods that have adequate on-site services residents. and infrastructure are also negatively affected by the All residential estates must be provided with potable absence of adequate off-site or city-wide infrastructure water towards achieving the MDG target for 2015 and

and the authorities lack the resources and capacity to beyond. The Structure Plan recognizes het roles of the Chapter 7: Development Proposals match urban growth with necessary infrastructure. different agencies concerned with water supply and the Hence, most estates, industries and individuals who need for them to work together in partnership. The can afford the costs drill their own boreholes and install cooperation of the Federal Ministry of Water Resources 71 overhead tanks to provide water for their use. In other and Ogun/Osun River Basin Development Authority cases, residents have to rely on private vendors for the in the development of the water resources potential provision of services. in the state is critical, in line with the National Water Policy. New developments are to be connected to water Educational Facilities supply mains and public-private partnerships would be In line with the recently introduced educational promoted in the provision of water supply. reforms adopted by the State Government of Osun, efforts would be made to ensure that: Electricity Supply Electricity supply to Ede Planning Area is derived i. Adequate provision is made through land use from the national grid, with the National Distribution projections, for the requirements of all educa- Center located nearby at Osogbo, the State capital. tional facilities in both the short, medium and Power is supplied through a 15 MVA Injection Station long term across the state; located in Ede. Ede North and South Local Govern- ii. All the schools planned under the education ment areas are supplied from this station via 4.5 MV reform are built and made ready in good time, as feeders, which distribute power through 11 KVA trans- the state has a high level of literacy in Nigeria and formers, located within each local government area. there will be need to increase access to education This Injection Station also supplies other towns that in the future. are located outside the planning area. These include Ofatedo, Ifon Osun, Iwo, Ejigbo, Ogbagba, Ilobu, Healthcare Facilities Oroki Estate thereby resulting in overloading of the The health and welfare of the people is paramount and Ede Injection Station. The current electricity demand, the provision of healthcare facilities is essential in order as indicated in Chapter 6 is about 31 MW and is to to build a healthy community. The Structure Plan grow to 274 MW by the year 2035. aims to improve and expand health care facilities. The provision of healthcare will help to reduce child and From the foregoing, the present supply is grossly inade- maternal death rates and HIV/AIDS prevalence in the quate and there is need to increase supply to the area. planning area. The Structure Plan also recognizes the role of the private sector in providing healthcare facil- 72 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project ii. i. adopting thefollowing principles: andlandusedevelopment byintegrate transportation Structure Plan aimstoremedy theseproblems and systemsinthecity.within existingtransportation The study highlightedtheprevalent issuesandchallenges movement Theprofile ofpersons,goodsandservices. tation systems and infrastructure are critical for the efficient andfunctionalhumansettlements. Transpor The provision iskeytoachieving oftransportation transportation networks Relating usedevelopmentwith 7.2.7 with statedstandards. buildings, trees, except orproperties stonewalls inline poaching, airpollution,removal, alteration of historic deforestation, indiscriminatefellingoftrees, animal will informtheadoptionofregulations toprevent a rehabilitation andprotection programme. This resources incriticalneedofprotection andestablish locations.Thisstudywillidentifyhistoric important buildings, barns,archaeological sitesandother toidentifyandmapallroyalhensive survey historic Structure Plan proposes the conduct of a compre- all the sites andprovide information brochures. The tourists tothesefacilities.It isintendedtodocument these features andtoimprove andexpandaccessof The Structure and Plan aimstopreserve rehabilitate tourism andenhanceeconomicgrowth. economic activitiesofthecityandstateatlargein will positively promote development thatwillexpand national meetingsandconferences. The Structure Plan centre ofattractionforholdingbothlocalandinter to makethecityatouristdestinationandmajor ment. It isimperative toprovide goodqualityhotels establishment ofhotelsandcommercial develop The Structure Plan hasmadeadequateprovision for palaces amongothers. planning area are themanyhistoricbuildings,shrines, development of the heritage and of Edepreservation maintenance ofsuchsites.Theareas ofconcerninthe in determining the operationand part plays acrucial one oftheancienttowns in Yoruba landandtradition Traditionally, Ede Township couldbecategorisedas andrehabilitation ofsites Conservation 7.2.6 trips andlower areas. densitydevelopment inrural use, landdevelopment patternstoreduce vehicular defined growth areas) via higher density, mixed town centres, neighborhoodcentres orother quality oflifeinthecommunity. including traffic flow, whilemaintainingthe Concentrate development ingr Enhance thefunctionalityofhighwaysandroads

Heritage, Culture AndT Transportation owth areas (e.g. ourism - - - such, motorists such, c in linewiththefollowing keypolicies: recommended designstandards (See Appendix 3)and New basedonthe developments willbeundertaken all existingroads are improved inaphasedmanner. and localroads. The Structure Plan would ensure that thePlanning Area comprisingFederal,serving state and maintenanceforthevarious categoriesofroads maintenance of high standards ofdesign,construction tr Roads andDesignStandards network ismadeupofroadstransportation andrail. atIdothe Airport Osun asafocalpoint.Theexisting provide areas rapidaccesstoimportant inthestatewith State of Osun that towill include road and rail transport system will be developed multi-modal transport for the Itconstruction. isalsoenvisagedthatanintegrated currently andrapidaccesstotheairport under services state level railnetwork formovement ofpeople,goods, rail linewillbeexpandedtolinkupwithaproposed The Structure Plan envisagesthattheexistingnational Communications Multi-mode transportsystemand The S m m me Th se rehabilitation andprovide incentive bet intervention es and acceptable roads are not improve andexpandonthefunctiona result oftrafficcongestion.TheStructurePlan ai b a vii. vi. v. iv. iii. ii. i. ongestion parti reas onmajorh uses topickand ansportation ne ansportation ctor participation inthesect ctor participation tablishment ofa ents for pro aintenance. Thei mplementationwo e lack of desig et localandre that fitwithcommunitycharacter. land. and pedestrianwayplanningforlargetractsof connects tostatehighways. areas.rural industrial development. and theproliferation ofsinglelotcommercial/ oping new roads.oping new existing roads andrights-of-wayahead of devel- Plan and design transportation improvementsPlan and design transportation Require Structure planning including roadway Plan for a communitystreet network that Limit development alongar Discourage stripdevelopment alonghighways Prevent anyproposed road wideningorstraight Give prioritytomaintainingandpreserving tructure Plan envisagesthedevelopment and wide enoughan m waste valuable ti valuable waste s we oting road p cularly during tandards ford n

tworks, madeu n effective n effective framew drop passengers ated bus-stops and ighways hasen gi en Federal, State onal mobilitynee l d anning, constru o donotfollow reasonable r themarketdays esign, construct me in traffic ja traffic in me p ofroads and

at c

o o will,causing terial highwaysin and LocalGovern s toattractprivat rk forcollaborark uraged commuter uraged commuter off-street park l ity oftheexistin ds. The e xisting e xisting ds. The u ld equire he r t c tion and ion and ms as a as ms rail to ms ms to tr . As affic tive ing ing g e - - ening project that might negatively impact the Community safety, including crime reduction, is natural, historic and cultural resources unless addressed under different aspects of the Structure there is no other feasible alternative. Plan. Measures addressing issues relating to counter iii. Preserve narrow and curved roads and the terrorism, community safety and security are to be rural character of the township roads while not incorporated into the design of buildings and spaces, compromising public safety. particularly public spaces, that are likely to attract iv. Encourage projects that aim to decrease crowds. through-traffic on local roads and in residential neighborhoods by maximizing the use of primary Further guidelines on the design of sustainable devel- transportation corridors. opments in both rural and urban areas are to be developed as an action plan. In order to maximise community safety, development control regulations are Safety of Pedestrians, Cyclists and to be reviewed to ensure buildings and public spaces Motorcyclists are designed to reflect security considerations. The need to ensure the safety of all road users including motorists, pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists 7.2.9 Disaster Risk Reduction is sacrosanct. However, the use of motorcycles for commercial transport and the associated high accident Global warming and the consequences of climate rates have given rise to considerable concern over its change have raised concerns about flooding and other value as a profitable mode of transport. Some states natural disasters. Though most settlements in the have taken the decision of out-right prohibition of Planning Area are free from the risk of flooding, a the use of motorcycles for commercial transport. The few areas located along main water courses, rivers Structure Plan will favour the implementation of road and streams as well as some other marshy, low-lying rehabilitation projects that will increase the safety of areas are vulnerable. The strategy of the Structure pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists in the area. It will plan is to preserve these sensitive ecosystems by also support new developments that will provide roads, ‘greening’ the river flood plains. In addition, alleys and walkways to increase pedestrian, cyclists regular dredging and channelization is recommended and motorcyclists safety and provide additional rights-

of-way for pedestrian walkways, bicycle/motorcycle Forest areas and woodlands provide a wide range of Chapter 7: Development Proposals and planting of trees along roadways and walkways so social, environmental and economic benefits. Sustain- that people can be separated from vehicular traffic. able and positive woodland management is the key to securing these benefits over the long term. The Planning 73 The Structure Plan will ensure: Area has a relatively high level of tree cover, but this has been under sustained pressure through illegal logging i. Dedication of land or a pedestrian path easement and poor maintenance. Forests and woodlands also and the installation of pedestrian paths or deliver benefits through the creation of diverse habitats walkways setback or separated from paved roads by providing recreation opportunities, alleviating flood in all new developments to provide safe pedes- risk and have the potential to contribute to wider trian movement. climate change issues such as creating carbon sinks or ii. Provision for and proactively manage a town providing fuel for renewable energy. pedestrian walkway or trail greenbelt system with trails that protect resources and are sensitive to The management of run-off water in order to minimise property owners. the risk of flooding from either rivers or surface water iii. Provision for recreational activities along roads will ameliorate the threats faced by residents. The and trails, such as walking, jogging, stretching/ impacts of climate change and increased precipitation exercising, biking, cross-country running and may, however, lead to increased flooding within the cycling. Planning Area in the future and must be addressed. In iv. Use of natural paths and walkways along river order to address the potential effects of climate change, banks to accommodate the needs of pedestrians Planning Authorities will be required to appraise, and bicyclists. manage and reduce flood risk from all sources by prohibiting developments in areas of greatest risk and, 7.2.8 Urban Safety where this is not possible, flood risk management strategies will be adopted. Community safety principles are at the heart of planning, the overall aim of which is to create places and spaces in which to live and work that are secure and functional, in both urban and rural areas. Design of facilities must also incorporate sustainable building techniques to help combat climate change and to help reduce the vulnerability to crime and make places safer. 74 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project 7.2.10 ENVIRONMENT POLICY1 POLICY 3 LOCAL ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT POLICY 2 LOCAL ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT POLICY 1 LOCAL ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT HOUSING POLICY1 POLICY

Summary OfImplementationPoliciesAndStrategies historic importancewillberequired to: of thearea’s heritageassetsandtheirsettingsdevelopmentinareas ofknown will beprotected andmanaged.Inorder tosecure andretain thesignificance In environments where valuedheritageassetsare atrisk,theassetanditssetting ENVIRONMENT ASPUBLICASSETS design andlandscaping.there shouldbe: The mainmarketshouldberehabilitated through highqualityandinnovative MARKET IMPROVEMENT fice developmentwillalsobedirected toEdecentralarea tosupport iv. ea designatedasmechanicvillageandshownintheproposals map iii. ii. i. TechnologyTECHNOLOGY PARK Ware • New • • Its There • • The • Protect Significant • • Sustain • New • New No • • All • Adequate In thedesignatedtradingareas thefollowingconditionswillapply: Toilet• Refuse • Proper • Stalls • • Market Proper • • will comprise: New IndustrialParkwillbelocatedneartothedisusedCocoaFactoryinEde.This NEW INDUSRIALPARK demonstrated that: retained andchangeofusetootheruseswillberesisted unlessitcanbe Existing andallocatedemploymentsitesindustrialestatesinEdewillbe EXISTING ANDNEWIDUSTRIALAREAS city istobepromoted neighbourhoods. Physicalregeneration andeffective useofspaceintheinner and redevelopment proposals tobelocatedinsociallymixedandsustainable Proposals fornewhomesandinfrastructure includingnewbuildingschemes URBAN PLANNINGANDMANAGEMENT GUIDELINES areas and trainingestablishmentatvariouslocationsinthecitysurrounding its regeneration andsustainableurbanliving. primary useofthesite. will alsobeusedforotherrelated activitiesproviding thisdetrimentaltothe institutions willbeencouragedtolocatedinEdeandadjoiningareas. long term; materials sympathetic tolocallydistinctivelandscapefeatures, designstylesand area including: adequate parkingfacilitiesforcustomers a fullrangeofservicesandfacilitiesincludinghealthleisure centres with map. suchdevelopmentshouldincludearangeofcomplementaryshopsand motor parkandatsuchsustainablelocationasindicatedintheproposals should retain itsheritageattributes; by theplanningauthority. adjoining residential areas Small businesseswillbesupportedthr New of The ar As wellasmaintaintheexistingfoundationothermajoragricultural

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the ENVIRONMENT POLICY 2 PROTECTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES The unique landscape of the city and the surrounding areas natural assets, including shrines of national and international importance should be protected. Development proposals which negatively affect feature such as green infrastructure networks; archaeological remains; wetland; wildlife havens birds’ colonies should not be allowed unless it can be demonstrated that this will bring wider environmental, economic and social benefits that outweighs the loss of the sites ENVIRONMENT POLICY 3 PROTECTION OF RURAL ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENT In order to sustain rural economy proposals which can lead to significant loss agricultural land will not be supported. Farm land and open land deemed to be good for farming would not be designated for other uses unless it can be demonstrated that such development will contribute to the operation and viability of the farm holding. In certain circumstances the use of land for agriculture, forestry and agricultural activity may be supported by small-scale tourism proposals, including visitor accommodation ENVIRONMENT POLICY 4 THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT The Built Environment is part of the state’s assets and this will be protected and enhanced in recognition of their contribution to city’s sense of place. In environments where valued heritage assets are at risk, the asset and its setting will be conserved and managed in proportion to the significance of the asset. ENVIRONMENT POLICY 5 BIODIVERSITY In addition to maintaining and protecting existing open and green spaces opportunity making significant addition to the number and quality of open spaces in the planning area will be sought through new developments. Developments which do not make sufficient provision for open space will not be permitted. Developments that have the potential to harm existing open space designations or that will lead to a net loss in habitat and biodiversity will not be permitted ENVIRONMENT POLICY 6 FOREST AND WOODLAND Creative measures to enhance existing woodlands and create new woodlands in the planning area will be supported. In recognition of their importance to the character and biodiversity of the planning area, existing forest reserves will

be protected and new ones created. Developments that would lead to further Chapter 7: Development Proposals fragmentation or result in a loss of forest reserves and woodland will not be permitted. ENVIRONMENT POLICY 6 POLLUTION CONTROL 75 Proposals for new developments will be required to demonstrate that they address existing pollution issues that are a barrier to achieving sustainable development and healthy communities, including: • Deterioration of air quality; • Water quality; and • Contaminated land. Developments that would result in a deterioration of environmental quality, either individually or cumulatively would be discouraged. Alternative means of waste disposal besides open dumping would be considered while efforts would be made to minimise the generation of waste and maximise opportunities for recycling and composting. All new developments should seek to achieve the highest standards of design with respect to safety and security ENVIRONMENT POLICY 7 Development of a suitable people-oriented environmental protection plan to harness economic development in the Planning Area will be a priority 76 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project BASIC URBANSERVICES POLICY3 BASIC URBANSERVICES POLICY2 BASIC URBANSERVICES POLICY1 providing watersupplytothearea, theStructure Planwillensure thefollowing: Area, bothmaleandfemalealike.Howeversincethere isalready aviablesource Equal accesstowatersupplywouldbeensured forallinhabitantsofthePlanning WATER SUPPLY Provide • Maintain • Make • Develop • Rehabilitate • Equip • Encourage • Maintain • Installation • Installation • Harmonisation • Reorganization • Continuous • Develop • Encourage • Promote • Improve Promote • • Rehabilitate • facilities: The followingmeasures wouldbetakenintoaccountindevelopmentofnew locations. hospitals, primaryhealthcare facilities,healthcentres andclinicsetcinaccessible facilities andpromote ahighstandard fordevelopingnewfacilitiesincluding Maintain, upgradeandensure accessformenandwomentoexistinghealth HEALTH FACILITIES facilities: The followingmeasures wouldbetakenintoaccountindevelopmentofnew empowerment andsocialwelfare. for humandevelopment,towards achievingentrepreneurial andeconomic middle, highandtertiaryeducationalfacilitiesvocationaltrainingcentres standard forneweducationalfacilitiesinsuitablelocationselementary, Ensure themaintenanceandupgradeofexistingfacilitiespromote ahigh EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES additional statehospitalsare tobeestablishedintheplanningarea people intheplanningarea. Sinceexistingpublichospitalsare inadequate, are allfunctionalandwellequipped. working togethertoachievethis. andcommunities art facilitiesintheseschools,withstate,localgovernments line withpromoting highstandards ofteachingandproviding stateofthe facilitiesandensureteaching andlearning theyare wellstaffed forefficiency. other appropriate planningauthorities. educationdepartmentsand ministry ofeducationandlocalgovernment not properly servedtocorrect theimbalancesincollaborationwithstate facilities willbedoublethepresent number. growth. Bytheyear2033,existingelementary, middleandhighschool supply, withcostrecovery through metering. into homeswithcostrecovery through metering areas ofoverlapandreduce wasteofresources. corporation toensure effectiveness andefficiency ofserviceand remove provision ofwatersupplyinthestate,suchasOSRUWASSA andstatewater people ofthestate. it carryoutitsstatutoryfunctionsofproviding sustainablewatersupplyto provision tounderservedareas andnewdevelopments; the disease be provided withHIV/AIDStestkitsastoolforreducing therapidspread of and women,includingthedisabled. residential areas inthePlanningArea andensure easyaccessforbothmen health centres. hospital inEde. towards promoting highstandards ofhealthcare. standard ofhealthdelivery. facilitiesandwell-staffed teachingandlearning forhigh clinics, withmodern

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will BASIC URBAN SERVICES POLICY 4 ELECTRICITY SUPPLY Ensure that electricity supply lines are provided in all developed parts as well as extension of services to proposed housing, industrial and commercial areas by: • Installation of pre-paid meters in homes, industries and commercial places • Replacement of old wooden electricity poles, aged power cables and transformers with concrete poles and new cables. Additional transformers are to be widely supplied in the area to ensure extension of power to un- served areas. • Ensuring that the provision of necessary infrastructure is integrated with new developments. • Promoting the use of alternative sources to meet present and future energy needs. • Promoting the use of solar energy for street lighting and domestic energy supply. BASIC URBAN SERVICES POLICY 5 COMMUNITY FACILITIES • Ensure adequate provision of facilities such as meeting places, events centres, community centres, play centres as part of new developments. • Rehabilitate and improve the central Muslim and Christian cemeteries • All new churches and mosques to provide basic facilities such as parking spaces, toilets, water meeting rooms and cemeteries/burial grounds TRANSPORTATION AND Ensuring provision of transportation is related and reinforces land use proposals COMMUNICATION POLICY 1 and development. It also contributes to achieving environmental protection and sustainability. TRANSPORTATION AND All new development should provide a safe, attractive, environmentally COMMUNICATION POLICY 2 compatible and efficient multi-mode transportation system that is balanced with sustainable land use policies to enable the movement of people and goods to meet local, regional and national transportation and mobility needs. TRANSPORTATION AND Provide for a balanced and functional road network including arterial, collector COMMUNICATION POLICY 3 and local roadways, and pedestrian and bicycle/motorcycle ways. the structure plan would promote and ensure efficient provision of road transportation facilities that will include the following: • Upgrading and rehabilitation of all the existing roads in Ede Planning Area and explore the opportunities for providing a system of internal arterial roads linking various zones to enhance free flow of traffic within these zones in the

planning area. Chapter 7: Development Proposals • Additional access roads required to link the rural areas around Ede with the main city in order to facilitate transportation • Adoption of appropriate standards for road design, construction, traffic 77 management and management • Provision of Zebra-crossings around school areas • Provision of over-head bridges across all major dual carriage ways • Provision of Drainage channels on all roads • Adoption of appropriate standards of road design, construction, traffic management • Provision of appropriate parking spaces • Provision of urban buses to replace commercial motorcycle operators in urban centres • Establishment of public complaints centres within the zone for receiving complaints regarding condition of roads and drainages and for lodgment of complaints regarding contractors falling short of expected performance • Expansion of access roads into all markets and upgrading of all motor and motorcycle parks including the provision of necessary facilities • Provision of Pedestrian walkways, street lights and parking spaces on all roads • Developing and implementing an intra-city mass transit system and encourage private sector-led development/initiation of decent taxi service system for Ede. • Provision of bus stops, bus bays, lay-bys and pedestrian crossings at appropriate locations on all major roads with provision of pedestrian walk ways. • Ensuring that traffic lane markings, road signs and traffic lights are provided at reasonable locations on all roads. • Provision of Motor Park at Akoda to cater for students of the proposed Redeemers University and the growing number of residents in the area. • Ensure provision for and enforcing strict parking standards for offices, shopping plazas, churches, mosques, hotels, restaurants, bars and eateries. TRANSPORTATION AND Ensure safety of pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists along all roads in Ede COMMUNICATION POLICY 4 Planning Area. HERITAGE POLICY 1 Maintain, protect and enhance heritage sites in Ede in accordance with UNESCO requirements and guidelines by the Federal Government and ensure that artifacts of historic significant in the rural and urban community are preserved. 78 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project DISASTER RISKPOLICY1 HERITAGE POLICY3 HERITAGE POLICY2 drainage systemsandopportunitiesforstrategicfoodstorage management aswellimplementationofsuchmeasures assustainable special measures willbeadoptedforeffective protection, risk reduction and anddisasterrisks.Inareaspatterns vulnerabletofloodingornaturaldisasters, All newdevelopmentswillberequired torespond toexisting and future flood DISASTER-PRONE ANDVULNERABLEAREAS in thestate’s tourismassetsandculturalheritage. Encourage andpromote public-privatepartnershipsforpromoting andinvesting and investmentsaround theheritagesitestoboosttourism. new road networks,strengthening smallandmedium-scaleentrepreneurships Create conduciveenvironment byensuringgoodinfrastructure suchasopening 08 80 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 8.1PhasingofEdeDevelopmentPlan(2014-2033) v. iv. iii. ii. i. Structure Plan forEde are asfollows: considered toachieve effective implementationofthe In doingthis,somebasicstrategiesthatshouldbe making andinfluencing decisionsaffectinglanduse. Local Governments andorganizationsresponsible for Plan will be implementedby theState Government, with others.Thepoliciescontainedinthe Structure by organs oftheState government orinpartnership will berequired foritsimplementation,eitherdirectly achieved. As such,astrategicplanwithlegalbacking resources to ensure that its stated objectives are work that will facilitate the harnessing of allrequired the adoptionofaneffective implementationframe The implementationofa Structure Plan requires PREAMBLE 8.1 • • • NewHousingDevelopment: a. SHELTER ANDSLUMS 1. .LOCALECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 2. UrbanRenewal -Orenewal b. • • Projects Site andServiceSchemes ReservationAreaGovernment Housing Estates Improvement Estates toexistingGovernment medium &highdensities). (Not more than200plotsofdifferent sizes,low, drawn tion and micro-fi-nancefunds. fund based Private Non- and monitoringofthestructure plan. structure fortheimplementation and regulatory included intheimplementationprocess. the various agenciesandindividualsthatwillbe different thematicareas forempowerment of lated. institutional framework required must be formu Urban Safety Governance andHeritage. Urban LocalEconomic Services, Development, Shelter andSlums, Environment, Gender, Basic It tohave amanagementbase willbenecessary fiscal policy for Articulate resources mobiliza General andspecificcapacitybuildinginthe Policy andlegallandusestandard reforms and Integrated andParticipatory Approaches to for thestructure plan.Resources maybe oenetl raiain, Public organizations, governmental

from Government’s Annual Budgets, Annual Government’s from atesi (P) n Community and (PPP) Partnership asn poeue, .. cooperative e.g. procedures, raising - - - (2014-2018) Short Term   shown in Table 8.1. suggested phasing scenario of Ede Structure Plan is as in preparing their annualdevelopment plans.The term scenarios.Thisistoassistgovernment agencies fore medium and long been classified into short, The proposed phases ofthe Structure Plan have there bility andpracticableimplementationoftheproposal. consideration has been givenimportance, for flexi- For effective phasingoftheplaninorder ofpriority to becarriedoutby technocrats andstakeholders. effective execution ofthedevelopment projects. Thisis and itsimplementationstrategieswouldbeadoptedfor A five (5) year periodic ofthe review Structure Plan mented progressively over theperiod. period of20years (2014-2033)andwillbeimple The planninghorizon for Ede Structure Plan isfora 8.1.2. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ to beputinplace. Structure Plan, thefollowing strategicframework has In order toachieve theproposals containedintheEde 8.1.1. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ isation oftheStructure Plan. in providing framework fortheactual- theregulatory Involvement ofgovernment agenciesandparastatals Strict complianceandenforcement ofregulations; infrastructure; in fundingandprovision ofbothphysicalandsocial Encouragement ofPublic Private Partnership (PPP) development inaccordance withthestructure Plan; Continuous monitoringandupdatingofthephysical

Term Medium (2019-2023) Phasing oftheStructure Plan Strategic Implementationofthe Structure Plan  (2024-2033) Long Term    State Funding Sources of State/Federal State State PPP/State/LG - - a. Integrated Waste recycling project State b. Industrial land use • Business Parks  State/PPP • Industrial Parks  State/PPP • Small scale Industrial park  State/Multilateral • Agriculture Agencies • Mat Weaving • Drum making • Free Trade Zone  State/PPP • Cocoa Products Industry  State • Warehouse Storage facilities by Train Station  State/Federal c. Improvement of Train Station  d. Trailer Park near train station  e. Office development: - Ede Town Centre  State - Sekona Central Area  State - Akoda Central Area  State - Owode Central Area  State f. Market Improvement: - Babani Market  State - Agate Market  State - Oja Timi  State - Babasanya Market by Oju Larede Road State - Oje Elerin  State - Sekona yam/fruits Market  State g. Shopping Mall: - Ede  State - Akoda h. Service Stations  Private i. Food stalls  Private j. Petrol station    Private Plan Chapter 8: Structure Implementation for Ede k. Auto Mechanic Workshops    Private l. Post Offices with Internet Cafes    Federal/State m. Old People’s Homes    State/LG 81 n. Hotels    Private o. Courts    State/LG 3. ENVIRONMENT a. Solid Waste Management project    State b. Protection of unique Landscape    State c. Beautification of: State - Ede Town - Sekona - Akoda - Owode d. Protection of Wetlands along Cottage Road, Ede    State e. Protection of Wildlife    State/PPP f. Open Spaces, Parks and Gardens    State/PPP g. Flood Risk Management in Ede    State h. Protection of Forest Reserves    State i. Clean up of Water bodies    State j. Management of National Resources    Federal/State k. Conservation and Development of Natural Features    Federal/State/LG with a view of enhancing their Environmental Value 4. BASIC URBAN SERVICES a) Education - Completion and Construction of Elementary and   State Middle Schools (62) - Completion and Construction of High Schools (32)   State - Upgrading of existing schools  State - Equip with modern teaching and learning facilities    State and staff all schools - Vocational/Skills acquisition centres (two per LGA)  State/LG/NGO/CBO 82 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project .RoadTransportation a. TRANSPORTATION 5. • • • • • ElectricitySupply: g) Installationofstandpipeswithineachcompound f) Reorganizationandstrengthening oftheStateWater e) ExpansionoftheexistingNewOsogbo-Edescheme d) Continuousmaintenanceoftheexistingfacilitiesand c) )Water Supply(Total Demand): b) .Preserve AgbaleGroove d. Promote Talking DrumIndustry c. EstablishEmbroidery Works andDisplayCentre b. a. Preserve Statue of Timi ofEde(Sango) Preserve StatueofTimi a. HERITAGE, CULTURE ANDTOURISM 6. Exploring the use of alternative sourcesExploring theuseofalternative ofenergy new cables power cablesandtransformerswithconcrete polesand Replacement ofoldwoodenelectricitypoles,aged commercial places Installation ofpre-paid metersinhomes,industriesand Rehabilitate ErinlePowerStation Increase Total Demand through metering to facilitatepublicwatersupply, withcostrecovery Corporation developments expanding serviceprovision todeprivedareas andnew - - - - - ovide pedestrianwalkways,street lightsand ------idening ofOkeGada-IwoRoad ------

33,819.87cm/day 27,127.77cm/day 47,824.29/cm/day Establish T Adult LiteracySchools(twoperLGA) area parking spaces on allmajor roads withinthe planning Pr Expand accessr Construct anewmotorparkatAkoda and amenities Motorcycle Parkandprovide withnecessaryfacilities Upgrade OkeGadaMotorParkandAkoda Sekona-Ile-IfeRoad i) CottageRoad i) Widen: System Develop intracommunityandinter Osun asafocalpoint. rapid accessalloverthestatewithAirportatIdo for OsunStatetoincluderoad andrailtransportfor Develop anintegratedmulti-modaltransportsystem W Road( IdoOsun) Dualisation ofOkeGada(EdeCityCenter)-Airport centres as ahighstreet forshopping,offices andcommercial Dualisation ofAkoda-OkeGadaRoadanddevelop o o Construction ofoverheadPedestrianbridges: o o o o motor parksin: Rehabilitation andConstructionofnewstandar 248.08 Mw 92.04 Mw 45.97 Mw Akoda-Oke Gadar Gbongan-Osogbo road Owode Akoda Sekona Ede ertiary Institutions oads intoandinallmarkets oad city Masstransit d                                                                 PPP State/Federal State State/PPP PPP PPP State/PPP State State State/Federal State PPP State/Federal State/Federal/LG State/Private PPP State/Federal State/LG/NGO/CBO State State/Federal State State State State State State State State State State/PPP State State State e. Sports Centres- Each LG Headquarters    State/LG f. Parks in all districts (Wards)    LG g. Multipurpose Ground/Parks all wards    State/LG h. Amusement parks in Ede    State/LG 7. HEALTH CARE FACILITIES - Maintain and expand existing health care facilities    State - Establish another State Hospital in Ede South Local  State Government - Provide adequate modern equipment in both old and    State the new hospitals - Rehabilitate existing buildings and improve the    State landscapes of all Health facilities - Promote health education within the community    State - Develop Community Health Centres in existing and    State proposed residential areas and provide with HIV/AIDS test kits as tool 8. URBAN GOVERNANACE a. Training Establishments    State 9. DISASTER AND RISK REDUCTION a. Drainage and Flood Control in    State - Ede - Akoda - Sekona b. Improvement/Construction of Fire Stations at:    State - Improvement of Ede Fire Service Station - Construction of Sekona Fire Service Station - Construction of Akoda Fire Service Station c. Orphanage/Children’s Centre    State/LG d. Public Enlightenment of prevention and control of Fire    State outbreak e. Disaster Management Centre in each local government    Federal/State/LG 10. URBAN SAFETY Chapter 8: Structure Plan Chapter 8: Structure Implementation for Ede Remand Home for Delinquent Juvenile    State/LG 83

i. The overnmentG of the State of Osun 8.2 ii. Ede South and Ede North local governments RESOURCE MOBILISATION AND iii. Partnerships, such as: FINANCING OF STRUCTURE PLAN - Donations - Public Private Partnerships (PPP) - Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) arrangement In order to achieve effective and smooth implemen- - Build Operate and Own (BOO) arrangement tation of any plan or project, the development of a - International Donor Agencies financing structure that would assist in the mobilization - Private Individuals and Corporate Organiza- of funds will be of vital importance. Adequate funding tions is to be made available in the yearly budget of the state government to accommodate the proposed phasing 8.2.1 Institutional framework for activities. In addition, the government is to make avail- Structure Plan Implementation able all necessary operational and logistics support for the implementation. These will involve adoption of Effective implementation of the Structure Plan requires programmes to encourage private investment through an intergraded approach that will involve both the public-private-partnership arrangements, collabora- government and the other stakeholders. The establish- tion with non-governmental organisations and support ment of a strong Institutional framework is therefore from international donor funding institutions. very important to achieving the designed objectives of the Structure Plan. Figure 8.1 shows the organisation 8.2.1 Sources of Funding structure for the implementation of the Structure Plan.

The success of this structure Plan is anchored on 1) Structure Plan Implementation Committee appropriate funding and allocation of resources from (PIC): For efficient and effective implementation and government and private initiatives. This will include management of the plan, a Project Implementation mobilization of resources from the following: Committee (PIC) comprising both government and 84 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project Committee (PF&PC). be considered by theProgramme Finance andPolicy tation. It willalsoprovide annualbudgetestimatesto work plansandreview theprogramme forimplemen The basistoapprovePIC willmeetonaquarterly ix. viii. vii. vi. v. iv. iii. ii. i. in place.Membership willincludethefollowing: approach intheimplementationprocess shouldbeput key stakeholders,whichwillallow foraparticipatory FIGURE8.1OrganisationalStructure forImplementationoftheStructure Plan a. Local Government level: in theStructure Plan Area tion; Environment and Works and Transport Ministries: Agriculture; Finance; Health; Educa Planning andUrban Development (MLPPUD) the ChairmanofCommittee h. g. f. e. d. c. b. Directors from thefollowing atthe Departments A Chairman from one of the Local Governments A Director from eachofthefollowing State The Director ofLands,MLPPUD The Surveyor General ofthe State The Director of Town Planning, MLPPUD The Permanent Secretary, MLPPUD Honourable CommissionerofLands,Physical The Executive Governor ofthe State, whowill be Two representatives ofthecommunity Urban renewal Agencyand Finance, Budget andAdministration Town Planning Permit authority Works andtransport Education Public health Community Development Monitoring and Evaluation Enlightenment THE PROGRAMMEFINANCEANDPOLICY STRUCTURE PLANIMPLEMENTATION THE CHIEFTECHNICALADVISER/ Governor oftheState PROGRAMME OFFICER - - COMMITTEE (PF&PC) COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN will includethefollowing: stakeholders down tothegrassroots. Thiscommittee lative armsofgovernment of aswell asthesupport will require theinputofbothexecutive andlegis (PF&PC): The Programme Finance and Policy Committee 2) tion andtheorganized private Sector. Governments, CBOs,NGOs, thetraditional institu relevant State Ministries of Local and departments ensure and coordinationeffective participation of all would doubleasProgramme officer, beappointedto It isproposed thataChief Technical Adviser, who vi. v. iv. iii. ii. i. xiii. xii. xi. x. ix. viii. vii. Operational ments sion port Planning andUrban Development Assembly Auditors Local Govern General ofparticipating Auditor General oftheState Representative oftheHead ofService Chairman, LocalGovernment Ser Chairman, Budget CommitteeoftheState The Deputy Governor ofthe State -Chairman Honourable Commissionerfor Honourable CommissionerforWomenAffairs Honourable CommissionerforJustice Honourable CommissionerforHealth Honourable CommissionerforEnvironment Honourable CommissionerforFinance Honourable CommissionerforLands,Physical ofOsun The implementationofthe Structure Plan Communication Works andTrans- vice Commis - - - - xv. The Secretary to the State Government - Secre- ❚❚ Liaison with the Ministry and participating agencies tary to prepare all necessary documentation for the This ommitteec will approve the annual budget for the consideration of the PIC and PF&PC. project and give policy direction for implementation of the project. The Honourable Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development will be custodian and overall manager of the Structure Plan Project. 8.4 PROCEDURE FOR PLANNING The ChiefTechnical Adviser/Programme Officer: The APPROVAL AND DEVELOPMENT responsibilities of Chief Technical Adviser/Programme CONTROL Officer will include the following:

❚❚ Advisory, managerial and technical support to the MLPPUD, the Planning Permit Authority and the The department responsible for Plan Approval and Urban Renewal Agency, Development Control is the Planning Permit Authority (PPA) located in the State MLPPUD. The PPA would ❚❚ Provision of work plans, establish District Planning Permit Offices (DPPO) and Local Planning Permit Offices (LPPO) at the Local ❚❚ Monitoring and evaluation of work done, Government Level. These authorities and offices are to process plans for approval and monitor developments ❚❚ Preparation of quarterly and annual project reports, in the state.

TABLE 8.2 Capacity building activities 2014-2033

Proposed capacity building programme Short Term Medium Term Long Term (2014-2018) (2019-2023) (2024-2033) Plan Chapter 8: Structure Implementation for Ede Participatory approaches to urban planning management, transparency √ √ √ and accountability 85 Gender in Developmental process √ √ √ Land tenure security for the land income √ √ √ Development process control, monitoring and Evaluation √ √ √ Application of GIS in land use Planning, information storage and retrieval √ √ √ and urban info management Creating awareness and developing the capacity of NGOs, FBOs, CBOs √ √ √ and CBAs that will assist people at the grassroots level to engage their LGs for effective governance Workshops on Disaster Management, security issues, climate change, √ √ √ deforestation, pollution, flooding etc 86 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project multilateral institutionswouldbeexplored. non-governmental organizationsaswell asbilateraland State Government andcooperationof where necessary transparency. Technical wouldbesoughtby the support procedure mustbeguidedwithvigor, commitmentand Government andotherstakeholders.Implementation would involve thegeneralcooperation oftheState Sustainable implementationoftheStructure Plan IMPLEMENTATION SUSTAINABILITY OFPLAN 8.1 preferences. 8.2 below shows someofidentifiedcapacitybuilding been identified in various sections of this plan. Table time tofacilitatedevelopment. Thecapacityneedshave permit are processed andapproved withinaspecified training ofstaff.Thiswillensure thatapplicationsfor strengthened through provision ofequipmentand Level and DPPOatthedistrictlevel willneedtobe regular training.ThePPOattheLocal Government Plan Permit Authority are tobeenhancedthrough The capacitiesoftheofficesstateMLPPUDand enforcement andmonitoringoftheplan. be fullyharnessedforthesuccessfulimplementation, the growth ofanyorganization. Potentials ofstaffare to Training and re-training of human resources isvital to CAPACITY BUILDING 8.5 evaluation andreview from timetotime. bility fordeveloping indicatorsforplanperformance, project implementation committeewouldresponsi larly when the need for such developments arises. The into theStructure Plan forEde Planning Area, particu plansandprojects toinputnew it maybenecessary be expectedinanymonitoringandreview exercise, of the plan is adopted. As may of the performance monitoringscheduleandanannualreview quarterly the planfrom timetotime.It isrecommended thata formonitoring,evaluation and reviewopportunities of toprovideemerging scenarios,itwouldbenecessary For theStructure Plan to respond effectively to REVIEW OFSTRUCTUREPLAN MONITORING EVALUATION AND 8.2 - - APPENDIX 1

MINISTRY OF LANDS, PHYSICAL PLANNING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT THE EDE CITY CONSULTATION DECLARATION ON PREPARATION OF STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EDE AND ENVIRONS, STATE OF OSUN HELD ON 11TH JULY, 2013 We the indigenes, residents and stakeholders in the City of Ede and environs, the State of Osun, comprising representatives of various groups in the city including traditional institutions, community development associations, women’s groups, trade associations, security agencies, youths, non-governmental organisations, the media and civil servants met to deliberate on several issues identified in the profile studies on the city, at the City Consultation held in Ede on Thursday 11th July, 2013.

After deliberating exhaustively on the issues raised in the City Profile studies towards determining the best path for the sustainable future development of Ede and environs, we do hereby agree and state that we:

Note the historical antecedents of Ede and its significance in the promotion of social, cultural, economic and political development of the state and the nation;

Appreciate the collaboration between the State of Osun and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme

(UN HABITAT), the selection of Ede and environs for the Structure Plan Project and the participatory approach Appendix adopted for the exercise. In particular, the participants appreciated the opportunity for constructive engagement offered to all stakeholder groups towards contributing to the development of the city; 87 Acknowledge that the City Consultation featured elaborate technical presentations of key issues with participants divided into four syndicate groups for further in-depth discussions;

Agreed on several critical thematic issues and resolved as follows:

A. URBAN PLANNING, SHELTER AND SLUMS, LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT i. Commend the efforts of the State overnmentG in carrying out the renewal of inner areas of the city through the O-Renewal programme and urge an extension of the programme to peri-urban areas around the town. ii. Urge the State Government to expedite action on the final passage of the Urban and Regional Planning Bill for the State of Osun, to give legal muscle to the implementation of the adopted Structure Plans for the state. iii. In line with the current efforts towards computerizing the Land Information System (O-LIS) in the state, stakeholders should be sensitized and empowered to register their Title Deeds to enable them reap the associated socio-economic benefits. iv. Urge the State Government to adopt strategies to discourage land speculation to ensure land availability for Land Use Planning and orderly development of Ede and environs. v. Urge the State Government of Osun to adopt necessary measures to ensure that plans and regulations for the orderly development of Ede and environs are implemented and respected, including taking steps to: a) the provision of serviced plots, housing and associated infrastructure as well as the removal of illegal structures where necessary; b) Facilitate access to land and promote access to social housing for the poor c) Relocate Olobi Market a site to be provided by the Oba, and its present site redeveloped into Ede’s Central Commercial area d) Create incentives for private investments in agricultural value-added Small and Medium Scale Enter- prises (SMEs) e) Provide modern markets and rehabilitate existing ones to facilitate local economic growth in Ede; f) Develop business incubators for Youths with innovative business ideas g) Facilitate access to credit by informal sector operators through innovative approaches h) Complete the proposed Free Trade Zone project to boost economic activity in Ede i) Develop an International Market at Akoda 88 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project Ede CityConsultation,this11thdayofJuly, 2013.Signed by: to theimplementationofthisDeclaration. Thisisthe commitment andsupport Declaration ofstakeholdersatthe We theundersigned,asrepresentatives ofallStakeholders present attheEde CityConsultation,pledgeourfull epresentative of Religious Groups epresentative of Trade Groups epresentative epresentative of Women Groups x. epresentative of NGOs ix. of epresentative of CSOs viii. epresentative of CommunityAssociations vii. epresentative of Ministry vi. Youths epresentative of Traditional rulers v. iv. iii. ii. i. urgetheStateurther Government toacceleratetherepair ofallurbanroads, includingthedualisationof iv. iii. rge theState Government towards accelerateitsefforts tofurther theprovision ofadequatebasicurban ii. i. D. BASICURBANSERVICES ANDTRANSPORTATION rge theState Government toexploittheextensive tourismpotentials associatedwiththestate’s rich iii. rge theState Government to: ii. i. C. GENDER,GOVERNANCEANDHERITAGE rge theState Government to: iii. ii. i. B. URBANENVIRONMENTANDINFRASTRUCTURE: rovide appropriate sanitationfacilitiesinallmarkets –Olobi Market, OwodeMarket, Sekona Market, a) channels urged to embark on thechannelization of rivers in thecity and the reconstruction of broken down drainage environs as well aspromote safedisposalofwastesfrom hospitals andprovideefforts safesolidwastedisposalsitestomeettheneedsofgrowing populationof Osogbo and State ofOsun Akoda - Oke Gada Road and Oke Gada – Offatedo Roads to facilitate economic and social welfare of the integrated andcoordinated inthetown multi-nodaltransportation upgrading and rehabilitation of roads in Ede, the O-Renewal Programme and other schemes to promote an acilitate coordination of activitiesandbuildcapacityamongoperatives ofsafetyagenciestopromote romote Public-Private Partnership intheprovision andbuild andmanagementofbasicurbanservices c) b) a) environs etc,includethefollowing; including decent education, health, water supply,services, parks and recreation for all areas of Ede and toall,especiallychildren,health care womenandtheelderly; services measures toimprove ofpotablewater, electricitysupply, of provision anddelivery ofeducationalservices evelopment ofFestivals likeSango andEgungun intointernationalevents enovation ofHeritage sites,suchaswhere Sango disappeared b) a) nsure theachievement ofaffirmative actioninoccupationofleadershippositionsallsectors boosttourisminthetown,cultural heritageby upgradingallheritagesitestofurther including: b) a) State ofOsun; mpower Planning Agencies toprevent buildingonfloodplains,steepslopesandwastesites d) c) b) U Commend thestatego Commend theeffor F Commend U Commend theeffor U U Commend the R R R R R R R R R Local G urban safetyandriskreduction the capacityofagenciesandcivilsocietyorganisations creation Alaso market, Timi Market; P F P Commence ther D R E take appr Commence constr Commence channelizationofsomeriv E overnment Chairman the efforts of the the efforts State Government towards enhancing urban mobility, notably through the efforts of the efforts State government in enhancing the status of women and vulnerable groups in the opriate steps to further improveopriate stepstofurther women’s andresources accesstoopportunities forwealth ts oftheState Government towards ofBasic thedelivery Urban notablythrough Services, ts at ensuring regular refuse collection and urge the stategovernment to sustain the ehabilitation ofErinle Power Station vernment’s towards efforts combatingfloodingand erosion. However, Government is uction ofFlyover atAkodajunction ers likeAwututu, Oluboku, Elemu, Majowu

______APPENDIX 2

EDE: SUMMARY OF CRITICAL DEVELOPMENT ISSUES

URBAN PLANNING, SHELTER AND SLUMS, LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GROUP 1 ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Shelter and Slums • Need for mapping/delineation of Ede and surrounding settlements 2 Local Economic • Olobi Market should be relocated to a sit to be provided by the Oba, and its present site Development redeveloped into Ede’s Central Commercial area • Government should establish industries to boost employment • Government should rehabilitate the existing Cocoa Processing Industry • The proposed Free Trade Zone should be completed • Soft loans should be provided by Government to assist traders URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE GROUP 2 ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Inadequate • Need for a major infrastructure improvement programme that will address the existing gaps Infrastructure 2 Urban • Need for provision of domestic waste bins and steel bins for public places and markets Environment • Communities have reached agreement with government over payment of charges for waste disposal • Need for provision of appropriate sanitation facilities in all markets –Olobi Market, Owode Market, Sekona Market, Alaso market, Timi Market. GENDER- GOVERNANCE-HERITAGE GROUP 3 ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Gender • Ultra-modern markets and garages to be established with basic social amenities most especially at Abeere, Sekona Ogbagba, Alajue, Oke Iresi, Apollo, Oja Gbogbogbo, etc. • Clustering of markets wanted i.e. specialized market for food stuff, cloths etc • International market desired at Akoda. • Modern garage and car park desired also

• Women Advancement and Development Centre to be established to take care of adult Appendix education, vocational training, skill acquisition, soft loan etc • Awareness program on sex education on radio, TV and other mass media • Elderly people and other vulnerable groups to be taken care of 89 • More female representation in governance i.e. 35% affirmative action should be adhered to. • Interest free loans should be given to the people • Street hawking should be stopped • Channelization of some rivers like Awututu, Oluboku, Elemu, Majowu. • Pipe borne water not available in some areas in Ede 2 Governance • Selfishness and corruption by public officials should be stopped • Welfare programs should be for everybody and not only for the rich/politicians. • Fertilizers and other agricultural input to be subsidized for farmers • Technicians like welders, tailors, Aluminium fabricators and so on want government to provide generator to help ease the instabilities caused by unstable public power supply. • Construction of Flyover at Akoda junction. • Centralized dump site wanted in Ede and sanitary inspector should go to compound to pack refuse and not only pack refuse on main roads 3 Heritage sites • Heritage sites, such as where Sango disappeared should be renovated • Festivals like Sango and Egungun be developed into international event • Museums should be established to keep historical artifacts. BASIC URBAN SERVICES AND TRANSPORTATION GROUP 4 ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Basic Urban • Need for installation on mains pipes by Government to facilitate water supply directly into Services: homes with cost recovery through metering Water Supply • Need for installation of standing pipes within each compound to facilitate public water supply, with cost recovery through metering Education • All dilapidated school buildings should be rehabilitated by Government • Government should employ more competent teachers Electricity • Need to rehabilitate Erinle Power Station • Pre-paid meters should be installed in each home • Old electricity poles, power cables and transformers should be replaced by government Healthcare • The State Hospital should be upgraded and designated LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Annex Fire Services • Oja-Timi Fire Station in need of rehabilitation and upgrading Urban Mobility • Akoda - Oke Gada Road and Oke Gada – Offatedo Roads should be dualised • Oke Gada Motor Park and Akoda Motorcycle Park should be upgraded and provided with necessary facilities • Access roads into all markets should be expanded • Pedestrian walkways, street lights and parking spaces should be provided on all roads 90 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3 TABLE 2 TABLE 1 RECOMMENDED LANDUSEDESIGNSTANDARDS APPENDIX 3 TABLE 4 Special density High density Medium density Low density Multiple-Family Dwellings High density Medium density Low density Semi-detached andRowhousing High density Medium density Low density Bungalow (detached) Types ofDwellings Industrial Public andsemi-publicuses(schools,clinics,worshippingplaces,cemeteries,etc) Roads andstreets (right-of-way) Parks, playgrounds andotherorganizedopenspaces(recreation) Local/neighourhood commercial (market)area Residential (dwellingplots) Land Use Normal housingdevelopment Low-cost housinginurbanareas sub-standard area Rehabilitation ofslumdwellersandimprovement of Types ofResidentialDevelopment Family size RecommendedDensitiesforResidentialDevelopments NeighborhoodLandUseEstimates FloorArea Requirements bySizesofFamilies RecommendedMinimumPlotArea forDifferent Types ofHousing 12 10 6 4 8 habitable ofrooms Minimum No.of No ofdwellings per hectares 24 –more 2 5 4 3 6 20 –24 18 –20 16 –18 14 –16 12 –14 10 –12 8 –10 6 –8 4 –5 Gross Density Detached Housing No ofpersons 500 360 240 per hectares 200 –more 180 –299 160 –180 140 –160 Minimum plotinsq.meter sq meterminimum 60 –80 50 –60 40 –50 60 –70 50 –60 40 –50 Floor area in 65 50 40 95 82 Semi-detached Housing No ofdwelling per hectares 40 –more 12 –16 36 –40 32 –36 28 –32 24 –28 20 –24 16 –20 8 –12 6 –8 333 240 160 Net Density Floor area insqmeter Developed Area Percentage of desirable 120 100 No ofpersons 70 50 85 per hectares 360 –more 15 –20 15 –20 10 –12 50 –60 100 –130 320 –360 280 –320 240 –280 180 –240 160 –180 130 –160 70 –100 3 –4 7-10 60 –70 Row House 250 180 120 TABLE 5 Recommended Maximum Plot Coverage

Maximum percentage plot coverage Types of Residential Development Detached Housing Semi-detached Housing Row House Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 50 65 65 sub-standard areas Low-cost housing in urban area 50 60 65 Normal housing developments 40 50 60

TABLE 6 Minimum Set-Backs of Dwellings from Plot Lines

Types of Residential Development Minimum set-back in metres Front Side Rear Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of sub-standard areas 3 3 3 Low-cost housing 4.5 3 3 Normal housing development 6 3 3

TABLE 7 Minimum Distance between any Two Buildings, Back to Back

Types of Residential Development Minimum Distance in metres Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of sub-standard areas 4.5 Low-cost housing 6 Normal housing development 6

TABLE 8 Percentage Area Devoted to Commercial Development by Size of Town Appendix

Size of Town Population Commercial area as percentage of total developed area Small Below 50,000 2.0 – 3.0 91 Medium 50,000 – 250,000 3.0 – 4.5 Large Above 250,000 4.5 – 6.5

TABLE 9 Recommended land Allocation in a Commercial Area/Market

Land Use Percentage of Developed Area Shops/Stalls 30 – 40 Organized open spaces 15 – 20 Utilities, services and facilities 10 – 15 Streets, walks, parking lots etc 15 – 20 Other uses 10 – 12

TABLE 10 Recommended Set-Backs of Commercial Property Lines from Centre Lines of Abutting Streets

Types of commercial Development Major street Set-back in metres Collector street Local street Convenience shops - - 9 – 12 Markets - 12 – 15 9 – 12 Department stores 12 – 15 12 – 15 - Commercial establishments 15 – 20 15 – 20 - Banks 15 – 20 12 - 15 - 92 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 15 TABLE 14 TABLE 13 TABLE 12 TABLE 11 Path (walk) Local Commercial Road Minor Commercial Road Major Commercial Road Type ofRoad Banks Commercial Offices (ii) Large (i) Small Department Stores (ii) Major (i) Minor Market Type ofcommercial development Access Street Collector Road Major Road Highway Types ofRoad Access Street Collector Road Major Road Highway Types ofRoad Other uses Roads, parkinglotetc. Utilities, servicesandfacilities Organized openspace Worksheds Land Use RecommendedWidthofCarriagewayinIndustrialArea/Estates RecommendedSet-BacksforIndustrialProperty Linesfrom Centre-Lines ofRoads RecommendedLanduseStandard inIndustrialArea/Estates NumberofParkingspacesperGross Hectare ofCommercial Development RecommendedWidthsofRoadsinCommercial Area Minimum Width ofCarriagewayinmetres Carriageway 10.8 13.2 15.0 12 15 9.0 3 9 Minimum Width inmetres 12 15 18 24 Set-backs inmetres No. ofparkingspacesper hectare ofsitearea Developed Area Percentage of Desirable 15 –20 20 –25 10 –15 50 –55 30 –45 25 –30 30 –45 25 –30 25 –30 15 –25 5 –10 Right-of-way Desirable 10.8 12.6 15.0 18.0 18 22 24 6 15 18 21 30 TABLE 16 Set-Backs of Petrol Filling Bays from Centre-Lines of Abutting Roads

Types of abutting road Set-back in metre from the centre line of the road Outside City Limits Trunk ‘A’ Road 30 Trunk ‘B’ Road 25 Trunk ‘C’ Road 20 Within City Limits Major Road 30 Collector Road 21 Other Road 15

TABLE 17 Population to be served by each Type of Facility and Radius of Catchment Area

Types of health facilities Population to be served Radius of catchment area in Km. Central or State hospital Served the entire population of the state General hospital ½ million – 1 million 70 – 100 District hospital 100,000 – 150,000 30 – 40 Specialized hospital 150,000 – 300,000 40 – 60 Health centre 30,000 – 50,000 15 – 20 Maternity home 20,000 – 30,000 4 – 7 Dispensary 15,000 – 20,000 2 – 3 Health office 10,000 – 15,000 10 – 15

TABLE 18 Desirable Site Areas for Health Facilities

Types of healthy facility Site Area in Hectares Appendix Minimum Desirable Central or State hospital 40 50 93 General hospital 20 24 District hospital 6 10 Health centre 2.5 4 Maternity home 2 2.5 Dispensary 0.5 1 Health office 2.5 4

TABLE 19 Quantity of Potable Water to be supplied to a Community for Various Purposes

Purpose Quantity of water to be supplied in litre per capital per day Minimum Desirable Domestic 72 100 Commercial 16 30 Industrial 14 50 Civic 12 20 Total 114 200 94 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project Curb ParkingononeSide TABLE 22 TABLE 22 TABLE 21 TABLE 20 Fire Stations Small Towns Medium SizeTowns Large Towns Telephone Exchange Agency Sub-Post office Post office Central postoffice Post andTelegraph Services Pedestrian walk Cycle Track Cul-de-sac Service Street Local Street Secondary road Major road Path (walk) Lop (crescent) street, cull-de-sac(dead-end)street orclose Local residential street Collector street Major residential street Types ofStreet 900 (Perpendicular) 600 (Angle) 450 (Angle) 300 (Angle) 1800 (Parallel) Angle ofcurbparking NumberofCarstobeParkedalongCurbsperFurlongatDifferent Anglesof1 DesignStandard forElements ofVarious Types ofRoads RecommendedWidthsofStreets inResidentialAreas SpaceStandards forServices carriage lanes Number of 3 ormore 2 –3 3 –4 1 1 2 2 25,000 –50,000population Population tobeserved Line per1,000Population Width ofcarriage One Fire Stationtoserve way inmetres More than750,000 750,000 –50,000 10 ormore 25,000 –10,000 50,000 –25,000 10 –13.2 1.8 –3.0 1.8 –2.4 7.2 –10 7.2 7.2 5 –10 1 –2 2 –3 Width ofright Number ofcarspacesper way inmetres 20 ormore Width inMetre Carriage-Way 12 –16 16 –20 3 –4.5 furlong ofroad 12 12 3.75 –50hectares perfire 12 15 3 8 9 Site area inhectares 50 45 40 35 30 0.18 –2.5 0.35 –5.0 0.65 –10 station 0.625 2.5 5.0 7.5 Minimum radius of verticalcurve in M. 30 45 60 75 Dimension (metre) Right-of-Way 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 5 x2.5 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% Site coverage 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% Minimum safe sight distance 15 18 24 30 25% -30% 6 in M. 130 65 65 90 TABLE 23 Minimum Dimensions for the Design of Parking facilities (Drive-in Layout)

Width of stall in Angle of isle Width of Isle in Depth of stall Width of stall Unit parking metres parking metres perpendicular to parallel to Isle in depth in metre Isles in metre metre 2.4 300 3.6 5.0 5.0 14.0 2.4 450 3.6 6.0 3.6 16.0 2.4 600 7.0 2.0 3.0 21.0 2.4 900 8.0 1.8 2.4 21.0 2.7 300 3.6 4.5 6.0 14 2.7 450 3.6 6.0 3.6 16 2.7 600 6.0 6.5 3.3 20 2.7 900 8.0 7.0 2.5 21

TABLE 24 Number of Car Parking Spaces

Types of development Number of car parking spaces Residential Low density areas (a) 6-8 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development Medium density areas 8-12 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development High density areas 12-16 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development (b) On an average two cars for each dwelling unit Shopping and commercial centres (a) Regional 3 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Major 2 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Minor 1 car space per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage (b) Shops 1 car space to every 10sq of gross floor space Industrial Premises (a) 3 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of industrial floor space, or

(b) 1 car space to every 7-10 employees Appendix Administration Areas (a) 4 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of administrative floor space; or (b) 1 car space for every 30sq. m. of gross floor space Hotels 1 car parking space to every 5-8 bed rooms 95 Hospitals 1 car parking space to every 4 to 5 beds Cinemas and Theatres 1 car parking space to every 15-20 seats Restaurants 1 car parking space to 10-15 seats Churches and Mosques 1 car parking space to 10-15 worshippers

TABLE 25 Standards for Playgrounds

Types of Game Game Area Dimensions Clearance in metres in metre Sides Ends Football 45 x 90.0 6 9 Netball 15 x 30 2.5 3 Basket Ball 14.0 x 26.0 2.5 3 Volley Ball 9.0 x 18 2.5 3 Lawn Tennis (i) Single 15.0 x 24 3.0 6 (ii) Double 10.8 x 24 2 6 Tennis Court 8.0 x 21 1.8 3 Hockey 55.0 x 92 3 5 Cricket 126 x 126 Wicket 20m apart 6 6 Badminton (i) Singles 5.1 x 13.5 1.8 3 (ii) Doubles 6 x 13.5 1.8 3 Table Tennis 1.5 x 2.7 1.2 1.8 Polo 18. x 288 9.0 15 Rugby 560 x 100.0 10.0 20 96 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 26 per 100visitor/patrons Number ofcarparkingspaces Site Coverage Site area inhectares Radius ofserviceareas inkm unit facility Population tobeservedbya Particulars Standards forSocio-CulturalActivityAreas 10,000-25,000 Community 30% -35% 0.5 –0.75 Centre 1 –2 4 –6 5,000-15,000 25% -33% Mosque Church/ 0.5 -1.0 5 –8 1 –2 Public Library 25,000-50,000 30% -35% 1.0 –2.0 0.5 –1 4 –6 50,000-100,000 30% -35% Museum 2.0 –4.0 1.11 –2 5 –8 Cemetery Burial 50,000-100,000 1.0 –3.0 ground 2.5 –5 ------5 –8

98 Structure Plan For Ede and Environs (2014 - 2033 State of Osun Structure Plans Project [email protected] Tel: +254-20-7623120; P.O.Box 30030,Nairobi 00100,Kenya; UNITED NATIONS HUMANSETTLEMENTSPROGRAMME ISBN Number(Volume): 978-92-1-132666-6 ISBN Number(Series):978-92-1-133396-1 HS Number:HS/047/15E infrastructure andservices. development urban of co-ordination topographical, of on focus main for Plan Structure The regeneration programme forcore areas inthesecities. the development oftheninelargestcitiesover thenext20years, asafollow-up totheongoing‘O-Renewal’ urbanization usingtheRapidUrban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodologyandalsoguide The Osun Structure Plans Project wastherefore initiatedtoaddress thechallengesofunsustainable objectives anchored onitsSix-Point Integral Action Plan. thestate’sconditions, whichmakethecitiesgenerallyunsustainableandunabletosupport development inadequate provision aswell asdeterioratingsocialandenvironmental ofinfrastructure andservices, and uncoordinated physicaldevelopment, overcrowding andcongestionwithininnercityneighborhoods, South West Nigeria, hasresulted invarious undesired conditionsinitscities.Theseincludehaphazard Unprecedented populationandspatialgrowth experiencedover intheState thepasthalfCentury ofOsun, State ofOsun Structure Plans Project STRUCTURE PLANFOREDEANDENVIRONS(2014–2033) setting the broad structure for the direction of future growth of the city, taking account taking city, the of growth future of direction the for structure broad the setting environmental and socio-economic constraints and considerations; providing for the for providing considerations; and constraints socio-economic and environmental present and future commercial activities and public services as well as proposing a staged a proposing as well as services public and activities commercial future and present taey ihn rwh ordr t mxmz efcec i te rvso o key of provision the in efficiency maximize to corridors growth within strategy seeks to build capacity and aid strategic decision-making with decision-making strategic aid and capacity build to seeks Environs and Ede www.unhabitat.org