Francis Crick Institute Annual Review 2015/2016
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Table of Contents (PDF)
January 12, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 2 From the Cover E249 Drought impacts on California forests E172 Kinases and prostate cancer metastasis E229 Potassium channel and sour taste 262 Tuning protein reduction potential 380 Lipid target of autoreactive T cells Contents THIS WEEK IN PNAS Cover image: Pictured is a 3D image of 237 In This Issue the canopy water content (CWC) of trees in the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve at Stanford University, with low and high LETTERS (ONLINE ONLY) water content shown in red and blue, respectively. Gregory P. Asner et al. E105 Is nitric oxide important for the diastolic phase of the lymphatic found that CWC decreased measurably contraction/relaxation cycle? for an estimated 10.6 million hectares of Michael J. Davis forest, containing up to 888 million large E106 Reply to Davis: Nitric oxide regulates lymphatic contractions trees, between 2011 and 2015, with 1 Christian Kunert, James W. Baish, Shan Liao, Timothy P. Padera, and Lance L. Munn million hectares experiencing greater E107 Lion populations may be declining in Africa but not as Bauer et al. suggest than 30% CWC loss. The results suggest Jason Riggio, Tim Caro, Luke Dollar, Sarah M. Durant, Andrew P. Jacobson, Christian Kiffner, that if drought conditions in California Stuart L. Pimm, and Rudi J. van Aarde continue, forests might undergo E109 Reply to Riggio et al.: Ongoing lion declines across most of Africa warrant substantial changes. See the article by urgent action Asner et al. on pages E249–E255. Image Hans Bauer, Guillaume Chapron, Kristin Nowell, Philipp Henschel, Paul Funston, Luke T. -
Roman House Is a Rare Opportunity to Acquire a Luxury Apartment Or Penthouse in a Premier City of London Location
1 THE CITY’S PREMIER NEW ADDRESS 2 3 ROMAN HOUSE IS A RARE OPPORTUNITY TO ACQUIRE A LUXURY APARTMENT OR PENTHOUSE IN A PREMIER CITY OF LONDON LOCATION. THE SQUARE MILE’S RENOWNED RESTAURANTS, LUXURY SHOPS AND WORLD CLASS CULTURAL VENUES ARE ALL WITHIN WALKING DISTANCE; WHILE CHIC, SUPERBLY WELL PLANNED INTERIORS CREATE A BOUTIQUE HOTEL STYLE LIVING ENVIRONMENT. AT ROMAN HOUSE, BERKELEY OFFERS EVERYTHING THAT COSMOPOLITAN TASTES AND INTERNATIONAL LIFESTYLES DEMAND. 4 1 THE EPITOME THE CITY OF OF BOUTIQUE WESTMINSTER CITY LIVING THE CITY Contents 5 Welcome to a new style of City living 28 On the world stage 6 Welcome home 30 On the city borders 8 An unparalleled living experience 32 Be centrally located 11 Y 35 A world class business destination 12 Your personal oasis 37 Wealth and prestige 14 A healthy lifestyle right on your doorstep 38 London, the leading city 16 Café culture 41 London, the city for arts and culture 18 Find time for tranquillity 42 A world class education 20 Y 44 Zone 1 connections 23 Vibrant bars 46 Sustainable living in the heart of the city 25 Shop in Royal style 47 Designed for life 26 London, the global high street 48 Map 2 3 Computer Generated Image of Roman House is indicative only. Y Welcome to years, and is considered a classic of its time. Now, it is entering a prestigious new era, expertly refurbished by Berkeley to provide ninety exquisite new homes in the heart of the City, a new style with a concierge and gymnasium for residents’ exclusive use. -
Biology Powerhouse Raises Railway Alarm
NEWS IN FOCUS to enrol all participants by 2018. Certain factors make researchers optimis- tic that the British study will succeed where the US one failed. One is the National Health Service, which provides care for almost all pregnant women and their children in the United Kingdom, and so offers a centralized means of recruiting, tracing and collecting medical information on study participants. In the United States, by contrast, medical care is provided by a patchwork of differ- ent providers. “I think that most researchers in the US recognize that our way of doing population-based research here is simply different from the way things can be done in the UK and in Europe, and it will almost always be more expensive here,” says Mark Klebanoff, a paediatric epidemiologist at Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Colum- bus, Ohio, who was involved in early dis- cussions about the US study. The Francis Crick Institute sits at the nexus of three central London railway hubs. At one stage, US researchers had planned to knock on doors of random houses looking URBAN SCIENCE for women to enrol before they were even pregnant. “It became obvious that that wasn’t going to be a winning formula,” says Philip Pizzo, a paediatrician at Stanford University Biology powerhouse in Palo Alto, California, who co-chaired the working group that concluded that the National Children’s Study was not feasible. raises railway alarm “The very notion that someone was going to show up on your doorstep as a representa- tive from a government-funded study and Central London’s Francis Crick Institute fears that proposed say ‘Are you thinking of getting pregnant?’ train line will disrupt delicate science experiments. -
Biochemistry, Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology) Hit the Newspaper Headlines on a Weekly Basis
The Tenovus-Scotland Symposia and Medal Lectures Today medical advances as a result of discoveries in the Life Sciences (Biochemistry, Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology) hit the newspaper headlines on a weekly basis. This was not the case at the time of the first Tenovus-Scotland Symposium nearly 35 years ago. Since the discovery of the structure of DNA twenty years earlier, great advances had been made in understanding, at the level of molecules, how genes work in the cell. From study of simple bacteria and viruses, it was known that the information for making all the different proteins in the cell was encoded in the sequence of nucleotides, the individual chemical units of DNA, but study of higher organisms seemed impossibly complex. The chromosomes in each human cell have about 23,000 genes in their DNA that contains a total of about three thousand million nucleotides - how would it be possible to study these genes individually? Three staff from the Biochemistry Department and the Beatson Institute planned a two day meeting at Glasgow University in 1974 to bring together scientists to discuss and learn about the new discoveries that were beginning to provide answers to that fundamental question. Sir Charles Illingworth, who had recently founded Tenovus- Scotland, saw the importance of these studies and their potential future application in medicine and agreed a grant towards the cost of the meeting, which we called the Tenovus-Scotland Symposium although the First Meeting was also jointly sponsored by the Nucleotide Group of the -
New Editor on Journal of Cell Science Michael Way (Editor-In-Chief)
© 2019. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Cell Science (2019) 132, jcs229740. doi:10.1242/jcs.229740 EDITORIAL New Editor on Journal of Cell Science Michael Way (Editor-in-Chief) As someone who has worked on things related to the actin cytoskeleton my whole research career, the nucleus was not something I paid much attention to. Yes, there were scattered historical reports of actin in the nucleus long before I started my PhD, but no one believed actin was really there of course – it was all an artefact of fixation, you know. Nuclear actin was taboo and no one talked about it at the meetings I went to as a student and postdoc. How wrong we were – today nuclear actin is alive and kicking, although there are definitely more questions than answers concerning what it is actually doing there. We now appreciate that the nucleus contains a wide assortment of proteins associated with the cytoplasmic actin cytoskeleton including myosin motors and actin nucleators such as the Arp2/3 complex. In addition, it should not be forgotten that many chromatin-associated complexes including SWI/SNF and INO80/ SWR also contain multiple actin-related proteins, as well as actin itself. It strikes me that maybe we should all be paying more attention to the nucleus and not just because it contains my favourite proteins! Maybe that’s why, in recent years, we’ve been seeing more submissions to JCS that are focused on different aspects of the nucleus and that traditionally appeared in journals with ‘molecular’ in their titles. -
Bloomsbury Scientists Ii Iii
i Bloomsbury Scientists ii iii Bloomsbury Scientists Science and Art in the Wake of Darwin Michael Boulter iv First published in 2017 by UCL Press University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT Available to download free: www.ucl.ac.uk/ ucl- press Text © Michael Boulter, 2017 Images courtesy of Michael Boulter, 2017 A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Non-derivative 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work for personal and non-commercial use providing author and publisher attribution is clearly stated. Attribution should include the following information: Michael Boulter, Bloomsbury Scientists. London, UCL Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.14324/111.9781787350045 Further details about Creative Commons licenses are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ ISBN: 978- 1- 78735- 006- 9 (hbk) ISBN: 978- 1- 78735- 005- 2 (pbk) ISBN: 978- 1- 78735- 004- 5 (PDF) ISBN: 978- 1- 78735- 007- 6 (epub) ISBN: 978- 1- 78735- 008- 3 (mobi) ISBN: 978- 1- 78735- 009- 0 (html) DOI: https:// doi.org/ 10.14324/ 111.9781787350045 v In memory of W. G. Chaloner FRS, 1928– 2016, lecturer in palaeobotany at UCL, 1956– 72 vi vii Acknowledgements My old writing style was strongly controlled by the measured precision of my scientific discipline, evolutionary biology. It was a habit that I tried to break while working on this project, with its speculations and opinions, let alone dubious data. But my old practices of scientific rigour intentionally stopped personalities and feeling showing through. -
Transcriptional Regulation by Extracellular Signals 209
Cell, Vol. 80, 199-211, January 27, 1995, Copyright © 1995 by Cell Press Transcriptional Regulation Review by Extracellular Signals: Mechanisms and Specificity Caroline S. Hill and Richard Treisman Nuclear Translocation Transcription Laboratory In principle, regulated nuclear localization of transcription Imperial Cancer Research Fund factors can involve regulated activity of either nuclear lo- Lincoln's Inn Fields calization signals (NLSs) or cytoplasmic retention signals, London WC2A 3PX although no well-characterized case of the latter has yet England been reported. N LS activity, which is generally dependent on short regions of basic amino acids, can be regulated either by masking mechanisms or by phosphorylations Changes in cell behavior induced by extracellular signal- within the NLS itself (Hunter and Karin, 1992). For exam- ing molecules such as growth factors and cytokines re- ple, association with an inhibitory subunit masks the NLS quire execution of a complex program of transcriptional of NF-KB and its relatives (Figure 1; for review see Beg events. While the route followed by the intracellular signal and Baldwin, 1993), while an intramolecular mechanism from the cell membrane to its transcription factor targets may mask NLS activity in the heat shock regulatory factor can be traced in an increasing number of cases, how the HSF2 (Sheldon and Kingston, 1993). When transcription specificity of the transcriptional response of the cell to factor localization is dependent on regulated NLS activity, different stimuli is determined is much less clear. How- linkage to a constitutively acting NLS may be sufficient to ever, it is possible to understand at least in principle how render nuclear localization independent of signaling (Beg different stimuli can activate the same signal pathway yet et al., 1992). -
A Scientist's Life for Me
NATURE|Vol 455|16 October 2008 AUTUMN BOOKS OPINION A scientist’s life for me Forty years after the publication of James Watson’s The Double Helix, Georgina Ferry asks why the life stories of so few scientists make it into the bookshops. In 1968 Peter Medawar, Nobel prizewinner and author of many witty reflections on sci- ence and its practitioners, consented to write a preface to Ronald Clark’s biography of the influential British biologist J. B. S. Haldane. Imagine Clark’s consternation when he read its opening line: “The lives of academics, considered as Lives, almost always make dull reading.” Later, Medawar recycled the opening paragraph for an essay in his col- lection Pluto’s Republic (1982), claiming further that scientists’ lives, unlike those of “artists and men of letters”, were “not a source of cultural insight”. James Watson’s The Double Helix, a book that broke the mould of scientific life-writing, also appeared in 1968. It provided abundant ‘cultural insight’ into the combination of good contacts, brilliance, luck, hard work and ruth- less competitiveness that brought to light the DNA structure. It was panned by many of Watson’s contemporaries — if Francis Crick had got his way, the book would never have been published. Yet in his own memoir What modern laboratory Mad Pursuit (1988), Crick later admitted that life? Scientific life-writing is now publishers. Most people have he was wrong: “I now appreciate how skilful a small and shrinking enterprise. Publishers heard of very few scientists, so those that they Jim was, not only in making the book read agree that the market for scholarly biography do recognize — Isaac Newton, Charles Dar- like a detective story, but also by managing to has suffered from the onslaught of celebrity win and Albert Einstein — seem the safest bets. -
REPORTER No 6396 W E D N E S D Ay 23 S E P T E M B E R 2015 V O L C X Lv I N O 1
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY REPORTER NO 6396 W ED N E S D AY 23 S EPTEMBER 2015 V OL CXLV I N O 1 CONTENTS Notices Notices by Faculty Boards, etc. Calendar 2 Natural Sciences Tripos, Part II (Biological Notice of a Discussion on Tuesday, 13 October and Biomedical Sciences), 2015–16 11 2015 2 Natural Sciences Tripos, Part III (Experimental Preacher at Mere’s Commemoration in 2016 2 and Theoretical Physics) and Master of Nomination of the Proctors and Deputy Advanced Studies in Physics, 2015–16 12 Proctors for 2015–16 2 Form and conduct of examinations, 2016 Annual Reports 2 Asian and Middle Eastern Studies Tripos, Examination results statistics 2 Part II, 2016: correction 13 Vacancies, appointments, etc. Obituaries Electors to the Professorship of Comparative Obituary Notices 14 Philology 3 Graces Electors to the Professorship of Immunology 3 Grace submitted to the Regent House on Electors to the Sir Patrick Sheehy 23 September 2015 14 Professorship of International Relations 3 Acta Electors to the Professorship of Medieval History 4 Approval of Grace submitted to the Regent Electors to the William Wyse Professorship of House on 29 July 2015 14 Social Anthropology 4 Vacancies in the University 4 End of the Official Part of the ‘Reporter’ Elections, appointments, reappointment, and College Notices grants of title 5 Elections 15 Awards, etc. Vacancies 16 Scholarships and Prizes, etc. awarded 7 Other Notices 17 Events, courses, etc. Notice by the University Bellringer 17 Announcement of lectures, seminars, etc. 8 External Notices Notices by the General Board University of Oxford 17 Regulations for the University Library 9 The Cambridge Humanities Research Grants Scheme 9 Regulations for examinations Classical Tripos, Part II 10 Modern and Medieval Languages Tripos, Part IB 10 Bachelor of Theology for Ministry 10 PLISUB HED BY AUTHORITY 2 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY REPORTER 23 September 2015 NOTICES Calendar 1 October, Thursday. -
Written Evidence UK Centre for Medical
Science & Technology Committee: Written evidence UK Centre for Medical Research & Innovation (UKCMRI) This volume contains the written evidence accepted by the Science & Technology Committee for the UK Centre for Medical Research & Innovation (UKCMRI) inquiry. UKCMRI Author UKCMRI Author 00 BIS 17 Camden Green Party 01 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine 18 Councillor Roger Robinson, St Pancras and Somers Town Ward 02 The Academy of Medical Sciences 20 John Mason 03 Director, Medical Research Council 21 T Morgan National Institute for Medical Research 04 UKCMRI Limited 22 Frankie Biney 04a Supplementary 04b Further supplementary 04c Further supplementary 05 Robert Henderson 23 Rt. Hon. Frank Dobson MP 05a Supplementary 06 Medical Research Council’s National Trade Union Side 07 Mireille Burton 08 King’s College London 09 Joint submission: Cancer Research UK, MRC, UCL, and Wellcome Trust 09a Supplementary (MRC) 09b Further supplementary (MRC) 10 Isabel Vasseur 11 St Pancras and Somers Town Planning Action 11a Supplementary 12 Imperial College London 13 The Public & Commercial Services Union 14 Action for our Planet 15 GlaxoSmithKline R&D 16 Professor G G Dodson 16a Supplementary 16b Further supplementary As at 20 April 2011 Written evidence submitted by the Department for Business, Innovation & Skills (BIS) (UKCMRI 00) The UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation (UKCMRI) will be a world-class centre for biomedical research, located in the London Borough of Camden. UKCMRI will be an independent institute funded by the Medical Research Council, Cancer Research UK, the Wellcome Trust and University College London. The funding partners, and separately UKCMRI, will also be submitting a memorandum to the Select Committee. -
UNESCO Kalinga Prize Winner – 1985 Sir Peter Brian Medawar Nobel Laureate
Glossary on Kalinga Prize Laureates UNESCO Kalinga Prize Winner – 1985 Sir Peter Brian Medawar Nobel Laureate An Eminent British Scientist of Lebanese Origin, A Biologist and Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine – 1960 [Born : February 28, 1915, Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Died : October 2, 1987 (aged 72) London, United Kingdom] Today the world Changes so quickly that in growing up we take leave not just of youth but of the world we were young in . I suppose we all realize the degree to which fear and resentment of what is new is really a lament for the memories of our childhood. ...Peter Medawar I can not give any scientist of any age better advice than this: the intensity of a conviction that a hypothesis is true has no bearing over whether it is true or not. …Peter Medawar If Politics is the art of the Possible, research is surely the art of the soluble. Both are immensely Practical minded affairs . ...Peter Medawar 1 Glossary on Kalinga Prize Laureates Peter Medawar A Brief Biographical Sketch Born : February 28, 1915 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Died : October 2, 1987 (aged 72) London, United Kingdom Notable Prizes : Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1960), Kalinga Prize, 1985 Sir Peter Brian Medawar (February 28, 1915 – acquired immunological tolerance. This work was October 2, 1987) was a Briazilian – born British used in dealing with skin grafts required after burns. scientist best known for his work on how the immune Medawar’s work resulted in a shift of emphasis in system rejects or accepts tissue transplants.