RIOTS SNee , AND THE PRESS By Terence Cannon

.one of the most famous anti-Stokely Carmlchael stories, first printed in the New Yorl TImes and responsible for much of the "disappointment" in SNCC that liberals claim was in an article called "Man in the News: Stokely Carmichael." It ends with this anec~ dote: While preac~ing black pride and black power, Carmichael has become increasingly cool toward whItes. He recently addressed a racially mixed audience here and, with sev­ eral whites of long acquaintance in the room, declared that he had never known a white person he could trust. A young white man who had considered himself Mr. Carmichael's friend rose from the audience.· "Not one, Stokely?" he asked. Mr. Carmichael looked directly into his eyes and replied, "No -not one:' This story has'been repeated again and again. It is a staple of anti-SNCC stories. It is ~.204, JULY 1967 VOL 3 NO 7 told with sadness and regret. IT IS NOT TRUE. It is a lie. It is a clever distortion that accounts for the total distrust most of us have for the American press. What actually happened? Stokely de­ clared that he had never known a WHITE ORGANIZATION he could trust. A young man. who considered himself Mr. Car·· michael's friend, and who was a member of a Southern white organization, rose WE ARE THE DEFEATED from the audience. "Not one, Stokely?" he asked. Mr. Carmichael looked directly into his eyes and replied, "No - not one." The difference is total. The damage has been done. Damage will continue to be done, if people fall into accepting ET eONG OF AMERICA at face value the reports of the press. Tacoma, Wash. A good rule of thumb is DOUBT EVERY­ The Survival of American Indians As­ take away their fishing rights it to take protect themselves. People who attempt THING. sociation was formed in january of 1964 away their livelihood. And being fishers, to help are regularly threatened and by the Nisqually, Puyallup and allied in­ none of these Indians ever gave up right harassed. In desperation the Survival of RIOTS dian tribes in order to unite their re­ to use of their rivers in their treaty American Indians Association turned to The general strategy of the daily press sistance to the Washington state officials negptiations. fish-ins to demonstrate their historic is to report some physical events fairly who have consistently infringed upon In-:­ But Indians have no real rights in this rights to fish and to arouse public in­ accurately. That is, if black people shoot dian treaty rights, particularly fishing country. They are not citizens; their af­ terest. Readers may remember the fish­ at the cops, it is reported in accurate rights on the Nisqually and other rivers. fairs are administered by the Bureau of ins in 1965 in which MarlonBrando par­ detail. lf police are hurt, it is reported. Anyone faJ:Ililiar with U.S. policy in Indian Affairs which is about as sensitive ticipated and where Dick Gregory and When black people are shot, the im­ Vietnam will recognize the historical to their needs as the Saigon government his wife were arrested. Of course many pression is given that it was THEIR parallel in the U.S:s treatment ofAmeri­ is to the needs of thepeople of Vietnam. Indians were and have since been ar­ FAULT. In almost all cases, the cause~ can Indians. Genocide has been a con­ In everyday Ameri can consciousness, in­ rested, as well as harassed, intimidated of the riot are not given. This is the moSI tinuing policy. dians are mostly just invisible. In areas and beaten. But, as in the south, this important factor in press reports. They where they live, they are hated, cheated kind of news rarely makes national head­ don't say why the people rioted. When the white man first set foot on the and misused. lines. To describe the events of the riot North American Continent, there were by "justice" for a Washington state Indian without giving the causes, is to imply conservative estimate 750,000 Indians. is delivered by people like judge jacgues, that black people riot for no reason. The By 1850 the Indian population was re­ Pierce County Superior Court, who, in INDIAN SURVIVAL reader fills in his own reason: they are duced to 250,000 - by at least 2/3. issuing an injunction against the N is­ The MOVEMENT met recently with naturally violent; they're animals; the 500,000 American Indians were murdered quallies, stated: "They never meant for janet McCloud, one of the Survival of weather was hot; they hate Whitey. by the white man as he colonized the you people to be free like everyone else," American Indians Association's most ·ac­ area called the United States. Some were and Pierce County Asst. Prosecutor Har­ tive members. killed through germ warfare. For example, mon who said in court: "We had the Some of her comments follow. THE TAMPA, FLORIDA 15,000 members of the Shianouck Tribe power and force to exterminate these MOVEMENT is becoming increasingly The San Francisco Chronicle's first were murdered when the governmentgave people from the face of the earth, in­ interested in the struggle of the Ameri­ report on the Tampa riot, june 12, was the people blankets infected with small stead of making treaties with them. Per­ can Indians to maintain and secure their headed RIOTING, LOOTING IN TAMPA. pox. The Nisqually tribe was infectedwith haps we shouldhave. We certainly wouldn't often-infringed-upon rights. We hope to It began: measles around the same time and lost be having allthis trouble with them today." give you more Indian coverage in the fu­ •'Negro rioters battled police riot as many people. ture. squads with guns and rocks in two slum There is ·no record that actually shows districts." that Indians massacred white people. But TREATIES IGNORED After graphically describing the fight­ the massacres of Indians on record are at When the Washington state government HISTORY ing, the article told of a white woman least one thousand. The first was on the attempted to force the Indians to give up .. People should know that Andrew j ack­ who "had apparently been held hostage 21st Christmas Eve Celebration of the their ancestral fishing stations on the Son was the Hitler of America, or rather ... Mrs. DeWitt, her blouse ripped off, Pious Pilgrim Forefathers at Cos Cob, Nisqually River, the Indians had almost that Hitler was the Andrew j acksori of ran to police ... Then she passed out.' impression~ Conn., in which some 400 friendly and no way of defending themselves. Indian Germany. jackson ran on an anti-Indian Chronicle readers' first peaceful men, women, and children ­ treaties apparently are only observed for platform and won. Senators of that time of the riot: 1) •'Negro rioters" were the entire village - were murdered after as long as it is convenient to do so. The said that either the Indians will become battling police. Not just Negroes, but some all avenues of escape were cut off. state wanted to turn the river over to CONTINUED ON PAGE 9 CONTINUED ON PAGE 1, Often people will cite the defeat of Cus­ sport fishermen. They claimed that the ter at the Little Big Horn as an instance Indians were destroying the salmon where Indians ~assacred white men. Peo­ though in fact the Indian catch is less than ple must remember that that was a mili­ one per cent of the total catch and it is tary engagement in which the Sioux ob­ obviously the gigantic commercialfisher­ viously had a better General. ies which threaten the existence of the salmon. The state probably does not have the NEVER GAVE UP RIVERS power to set aside a treaty which is a Many of the Northwest Indians are federal docuITlent, but the Indians have fishermen and have always been so. To difficulty obtaining any legal counsel to PAGE 2 THE MOVEMENT JULY 1967

...... •..•..·..••..~··~·EDITORIALS· ...... •..•....•....•..•· ...... II·..LETTERS ··

FREDONIA, N.y.-FARMWORKERS

Dear Movement Brothers: because if a farmer has brush to pick' Enclosed pleez find $2 for one sub for: (at 1-1/2ta stick) in the snow in Jan­ Lares Tresjen, West Town Line Rd., uary, any compesino must do that and Fredonia, NY. cannot qualify (which is illegal since Just spent a week up there (Fredonia), Welfare also must supplement when in­ an hour from Buffalo and a few morefrom come is not sufficient). Rochester, and think the Puerto Rican Lares Tresjan wrote an 8-page report campesinos up there deserve coverage. and appeal to W. Reuther (since theSteel­ Also one more organizer to join Lares workers, came to organize and all but de­ who is trying single-handedly to help the stroyed what there was already); you asthmatic, type up releases, set up union might want a copy since it contains good meetings (of the TRABAJADORES AGRI­ suggestions ••.A recent State Legisla­ COLAS DE ULTRAMAR) and invite civic­ tive Hearing in Albany has on record minded church-connected people to push all the violations in Chautauqua County the flip-tops offbig-wigs. She's got amaz­ (Includes Fredon~a, Brocton, North Col­ ing pictures of.the two brown workers lins - about 6000 campesinos. One camp burned to death in Brocton this fall, be­ has 400 living on it for 6 months). cause of very inflammable shacks which There are Afro-Americans living in had only bolted exits ... and every photo cabins on these camps year-round, and she has is a visable violation of all migrant Puerto Ricans during the 6 month health codes ••. BUT any farm, or por­ picking period. These do not follow the tion of a farm, that has less than five crops, but when a camp is condemned, workers does not have to register as a they are told which camp in the area to •'camp" and then does not get its inspec­ go to. The farmers are all linked up it tor. Even when a farm ·with more than seems. The farmworkers on Joy's land five gets inspected, it gets a real once now have 6 bikes (collected up in Ithaca over since the Health Inspector is a by SDS Office people) and a bank account Farmer's Best Friend. All the Welsh of $24 ... Contracts in the world cannot satisfy these farmers who simply burn down the semi-burned shacks and raise up HELP NEEDED new ones (a whole bunch of farm work­ If you have any idea of the best way ers are living in renovated chicken coops). to interest people in fund raising or The Union has 55 signed members organizing please contact me or Lares who are always on the move, but their Tresjan. (Her phone number is 716­ main. love is Puerto Rico and the only 673-1172 in case anybody's up there). reason they are stuck here is that the Thank you for all interest and for farmer ILLEGALLY paid their' airfare magnificent coverage of campesinos to from Puerto Rico and now he takes out date ••• of their pay what they "owe" him. Many make $1.25 an hour, but if the farmer Fraternally, says the ground is too mushy, nobody J. Jurow, D. Ortiz gets a dime that day. Most of the work­ 117 Ludlow St. THE GOVERNMENT IS ers are from Jiyuya on Russell joy's NY, NY 10002 farm (He's the joyous mayor and one of the biggest growers in Fredonia). Many have people who died in 1950's NOT ON OUR SIDE rebellion led by Albizu Campos, so most are pretty revolutionary spirited. But (ED. NOTE: This is the kind of letter ,Many of this and last month's articles, against oppression. This help never came. the conditions really stink: water's not we would love to get more of. Due to our wdtten by different people about separate All we got were voting bills that changed to be drunk,food varies from beans to staff limitations we can't send a reporter events, SUPPOllt a single conclusion: the nothing, civil rights laws that were not rice, no Health Clinics or telephones to Fredonia to talk to Lares Tresjen. governJTlent of the United states is not on enforced, Johnson mouthing "We shall for emergencies, and there are many. But maybe. someone from that area can the side of its non-white citizens;.it is overcome," and Humphrey putting his arm go, take pictures, get the story and send .not on the side of any white people who are around Lester Maddox. it to us .•• And because we publish this poor, who have been pushed out -of the Radical programs and action must be WELFARE FRAUD letter maybe someone will go help Lares economy, who opposetheVietnameseWar, based on this understanding. Many people The Welfare Department has friends organize, or at least send a contribution who work for a wage, or who just want to who do not think of themselves as radicals among the growers and so during the ••• This is what TIlE MOVEMENT is . about, but we need to hear. from more of know what the hell is going oninthe world. are seeingthat when the government prom­ winter no one left there can get Welfare The government is not of, by, or for us. ises a Great Society all it delivers is the you.) We used to think it was. We welcomed old 'brutal, racist, and unhappy one with a federal voter registrars, FBI, troops and new lable and strings attached. Poverty Programs in the South. We looked Let's stop blaming Lyndon Johnson. It Dear SNCC: upon the government as the protector of isn't his war; it's the government's. That We enclose a check for $100 for you individual and civil rights. We waited for is, the CIA, the FBI, the Joint Chiefs of , to use, of course, as you need it. My wife TIlE MOVEMENT it to throw its power behind-the struggle staff and the corporations that own this and I continue to be impressed by.your is published monthly by country. They are not hidden govern­ solid, tough stands; probably more so than The Movement Press ments; they are the government. And they any other group, and less victimized by 449 14th Street are not on our side. ideology than any other in America, you San Francisco, California 94103 THE MOVEMENT The government did not support the say what needs to be said, and attack the 626-4577 Lowndes County Freedom Organization. 'white power structureas is needed. Though When the LCFO organized itself, the I've grown highly pessimistic about the EDITORIAL GROUP HAS NO EDITOR, government countered with a povertypro­ chances of getting rid of the structure (it Terence Cannon Joe Blum gram calculated to stifieits independence. ha's too much support), I applaud your Bobbi Cieciorka William Mandel Dear Readers: The people in Lowndes know this (see efforts and bravery. Mike Sharon Ellen Estrin It's still hard times at TIlE MOVE­ War On Poverty Hits LOWNDES, last Second -If you have eXtra copies of Brooks Penney Dave Wellman MENT. Maybe we haven't made that clear month), but they want to learn to read the Oct. 2, 1966 KLM -or copies of Car.., Hardy Frye Karen Koonan enough in the past. We could barely man­ and they need medical services. The gov­ michael's article in it on blackpower ~e­ age printing costs on this issue.Ifwe don't ernment is not doing them any favors. It printed from NY Review of Books) ­ LOS ANGELES STAFF have more money coming in during July w'ants to pul\. their teeth in the process. please send us a few. I've been trying to Lou Gothard we may not make August. Printing and . The government Job Corps program is get people (like my parents) to read the 583-0968 mailing costs alone are about $550 for not meant to organize, young men into statement, but have only one copy of my Bob Niemann each issue. That's not counting continuing pride and power. Young men must learn own which I want to hang onto. "Justify­ 478-9509 office expenses. how to read to qualify for the Army. The ing" black power is annoying, but, as a p.O. Box 117 We really need to be able to pay an government wants them in the Army, by white middle~class student, it gives we 308 Westwood Plaza editor. so he can work full time. We have the truckload. It turns them over toprivate SOME way to help the movement. Los Angeles, Ca. 90024 no editor at present and nobody on the anU-union corporations to brainwash and staff gets paid. We have barely enough control. (see HOW LITTON RUNS JOB Yours truly, CHICAGO STAFF staff to get out the paper, not enough to CORPS, page 11 ). Richard and Mike James handle distribution and fund-raising ade­ The ArmedForces ofthe government in­ SherrI Yanowitz 4533 N. Sheridan Rd. quately. side this country is the Police Depart­ Berkeley, Calif. Chicago, ill. 60640 We need contributions. We need more ment. That's a government submachine gun 334-8040 subscribers. We need people to hawk in that government helicopter that hovers papers on campuses all over the country. over the Cleveland ghetto at night (see Dear Movement Movers: PORTLAND STAFF We need people to get papers into book­ CLEVELAND-CITY AT WAR, last issue). You are all beautiful people and I love Bill Vandercook stores. We need people to spread TIlE Those are government troops that you all. Keep up the good work and don't Susan Freshman MOVEMENT in communities, to inform attacked the peace demonstrators in Los stop. The check is in celebration of the 1557 S. E. Henry St. the people of what other people in other Angeles last month. First American Revolution and looking Portland, Or. 97202 places are doing. And we need more of It is government troops that attacked forward to the future. 235-1264 you who are organizing. to take the time the home of Mr. Houser in Prattville (see I'm sorry that your office was raided to write and tell us what you're doing, THE SEIGE AT PRATTVILLE, page 4 ) and hope that you will take steps to pro­ SUBSCRIPTIONS and send a picture maybe. TIlE MOVE­ and beat John Hulett of the Lowndes tect yourselves against future violence. $2 per year, individual copies, MENT is the only halfway national paper County Freedom Organization. $7 per hundred per month, non­ that the Movement has got. We need you George W. Hertz commercial bulk subscriptions and you need us. Please help. NOW.... CONTINUED ON PAGE 11 Englewood, Colo. Advertising: $4 per column inch

I• 1 t, ,~ • t - . , "

JULY 1967, THE MOVEMENT . PAGE 3 COMFORT FREED ON 2 YEAR PROBATION

OAKLAND, CALIF. -Mark Comfort, militant EastOakland organizer, was released from Santa Rita Prison last month. He was serving the last part of a six month sentence for his part in the demonstrations against the Oakland Tribune several years ago. Comfort was released on probation issued by the Oakland Court. The terms of the probation are strange and unusual if not unconstitutional.

PROBATION The 9 terms of probation wereissuedto Comfort by his probation officer, but they were not signed, so it is not known who wrote them or on whose authority they were issued. lf strongly enforced, they would certainly be unconstitutional. 1. Report to and cooperate with the _ advocating illegal acts of violEmce against Probation Officer. any other group or groups of persons. 2. Seek and maintain employment. Do (What we 'call self-defense, the govern-- not change place of employment or resi- ment calls violence. Can Mark not asso- dence without the approval of Probation ciate with any person advocating self- Officer. defense against the KKK?) 3. Maintain and support his wife and 9. Be of good conduct and obey all laws. minor children. (Can he be sent back to prison for cross- 4. Not to possess or at any time use or ing against the light? For disobeying un- discharge any weapon or. firearm, (not just laws?) even in self-defense?) Terms 8 and 9 were not on the list when 5. Refrain from association with any Mark accepted probation. They appeared person known to be engaged in criminal later on the list given him by the Pro- activity. ("How do I know what YOU do bation Officer. in your spare time?" Mark askedhis Pro- At the Probation Hearing the judge told bation Officer. "Maybe you're engaged in Comfort that these terms "were not in- , criminal activity.") tended to force him to change his political 6. Refrain from acts of violence toward views." But they could be interpreted ina any other persons, or threats of violence way that would prevent him from CARRY- Mark Comfort and his lawyer, R. Jay EngeL to any other persons or groups of persons. ING OUT his political views. been given two way radios on the police Rita. Conditions there are extremely bru- ('Does this mean 1 can't threaten to spank Meanwhile, Comfort is under indictment band. They are to patrol Oakland and tal. Prisoners are given coffee and oat- my kids?" Mark askedTHE MOVEMENT). for his part in the demonstrationbymem- report any suspicious activity. They are meal for breakfast, a small lunch, and 7. ·Refrain from association with any bers of the Black Panther Party for Self- to be unpaid informers for the Pollee' coffee for dinner. personf':, or groups of persons illegally Defense at the California Legislature. Department. "And the worst part about They are kept in cells that are cages using or threatening to use any firearms Money for their defense is urgently need- this," said Comfort," is that mostof them inside cages, with guards watching them at or weapons, or any persons or groups of ed: contributions should be sent to their are blackl" The use of finks has always all hours. They are not permitted out- -- persons.intimidating other persons or the lawyer, Robert Truehaft, 6411 Regent been a device of Police Departments, but side. A few weeks ago, a prisoner cracked general public by violence or threats of Street. Oakland. this is a new high, directed completely under the pressure and began beating on violence. (How do you"illega 11 y threat­ : at suppressing the Oakland black com- the cell door. Guards rushe 'inandspray- en"? When SNCC says, if white folks COP ALERT PATROL munity. ed him in the eyes with an aerosol can of don't straighten out there will be riots, Some new developments aretaking place gas, which caused his eyes to swell out is that intimidation?) in Oakland, Comfort told THE MOVE­ GREYSTONE of their sockets. He was dragged from the 8. Refrain from associating with any MENT. The cops have organizedtheir own M.ark was imprisoned in. Greystone, cell and returned several hours later, persons or groups of persons publicly civilian patrol! " Patriotic citizens" have the maximum security section of Santa badly beaten. ... CLEVELAND: MOVING TO WHERE THE PROBLEM IS The Hough Welfare Office is located at ~32S Euclid Avenue. It is within walking distance the problem is"; it is accessible and consideration than the system gives to for most of the residents of Hough. For the past year, the caseworkers who staff the allows an identification to be established people on welfare." Another person sta­ office have tried to deal with both emergency and long-range problems of welfare ad­ between caseworker and recipient. Ano­ ted, "We're tired of people telling us to ministration. Recipients have been able to go to the office without haVing to pay baby­ ther caseworker commented, "We have take it and like it because we're doing sitting and travel expenses. They have been able to fully use the services of the office.' become better caseworkers since we have it for you." And because of the accessibility of the office, both caseworkers and recipients have been been working in the area." able to establish better, more informal relationships. This sentiment was echoed by Lee .1or- The office might have served as a BURNS WON'T BUDGE model for neighborhood offices in other At one point, the marchers began shov­ areas. Yet it is now planned to close the ing their signs into open windows on the office down and move the caseworkers out first floor of the building in an attempt of Hough and into a new office at West to. attract the attention of the people in­ 3rd and St. Clair. At the same time, a side. After the windows had been slam­ program to allow recipients to earn up to med tightly shut, they decided to tnsist 10em of their welfare check withput a cut 011 seeing Mr. BUrns.' One of the march­ in the allotment (exclusive to the Hough ers described the group's anger andfrus­ area) 'is being dropped as of June 30th. tration when she said, "Burns' sitting in an aircoiJ.ditioned office. He's not about NEVER EXPLAINED to budge. And if he does, it'll be out the back doorI" When Mr. Burns' secre­ News of the office closing has not, to tary, standing on the front steps of the our knowledge, ever been publiclyexplain­ building, told the group that Mr. Burns ed by a representative of the Welfare would meet with them at his earliest con­ Department. Maude Cade of the Welfare venience, people qUickly responded: "He Grievance Committee, a local clients' stole the office from behind our backs, organization, told COMMON SENSE that and now he hasn't got the time to see she first learned about the move about us" and "From now on, Burns will a month ago. Concerned and angered by meet with us at our convenience. We're the plan, The Grievance Committee and tired of standing at his door waiting for other welfare o;ganizations tried to meet - hours, while he's running away to Colur~­ wtih Eugene Burns, head of County Wel­ busl" fare, on Monday, June 12th. Burns did not At 2:00, the demonstrators left. Their attend the meeting, but sent Steven Mintor demands had not been met, nor even spok­ Scene in Cleve'land's Hough district, of the Bureau of Resources and Thomas en to by anyone who could change the Weiler, Assistant Director, in his place. the recipients for Friday, June 16th. From dan of the Welfare Grievance Committee policy. Meanwhile, downstairs inthe Payne Mintor explained that although the rent 12:00 until close to 2:00, forty recipients who said, "Caseworkers who work in office, business went on as usual. One fan for the office had formerly been paid by and caseworkers marched at the down­ Hough can see what the problems really was blowing hot air aroundthe largeroom. Community Action for Youth, a local town welfare office at 24th and Payne are. They have very good relationships An American flag hung on the wall. And agency of the War on Poverty, CAY had carrying placards reading, "Keep the with the clients. lf they move downtown, fifty people waited to complete the tedious lost its funding in January .aJ1d the coun­ Office in Hough," and intermittently chant­ they'll forget all about whai: it's .like.'" and exhausting task of "going to the wel­ ty had been forced to absorb the .ent ing, "We Want Burns - Outl We Want Carole King of the Welfare Griev­ fare office." costs. He asserted that the office was Burns - Outl" But Mr. Burns had left ance Committee described the situation too· "run down" ,and. that a new office his office a few minutes before the dem­ as "taking something else from an area would have better facilities, less waiting onstrators arrived. that is already so badly deprived." from COMMON SENSE, in­ time, and a tighter relationship to the Part of the demonstrators' anger in­ dependent bi-weekl;' w?ws­ central administration. In response to the BETTER CASE WORKERS volved not just the moving of the office, paper of Cleveland's inner welfare clients' protests that an office on but the fact that no one outside·the wel­ West 3rd was virtually inaccessible, Min­ On the demonstration, Gail Cuzens, a fare administration had been consulted city. .1544 East 86th St., tor replied that t.1}e decision to move the caseworker, told COMMON SENSE that about the move. Mrs. Louise Gaston of Cleveland. Ohio' 441 06. office was final and irrevocable. the Hough office was important for many the Regional Committee for Adequate ... A demonstration was then planned by reasons: its location is "moving to where Welfare stated, "We give dogs more PAGE 4 THE MOVEMENT JULY 1967

. CONTINUED NEW JOIN CO-OP RIOTS, SNCC AND THE PRESS FROM PAGE special class of people who love to riot PARAGRAPH 21 without reason. On the second day of the rioting in SAVES FOOD $'5 2) They ripped a blouse off a white Tampa, in paragraph 21, the Chronicle woman. Ah, titillationI Ah, soft-core pro­ gives the cause of the riot: nography. The use of the word"apparent­ "THE RIOT BROKE OUT EARLY YES­ CHICAGO, ILLINOIS -Join Community no sense to add their grocery money to ly" is useless. The bigoted reader knows: TERDAY AFTER THE SLAYING OF 14­ Union has a Food Co-Op. Started about the millions of dollars in profit which Negroes riot in order to rape white YEAR OLD MARTIN CHAMBERS, A NE­ two months ago with five families, the Co­ supermarkets make. Most poor people women. GRO BURGLARY SUSPECT WHO WAS op now serves eightfamilies. Weekly groc­ hardly have enough money for food as it The next day, June 13, the Chronicle SHOT TO DEATH AS HE RAN FROM ery orders are pooled and then called in is. Co-ops are a good way to stretch headline read: MOBS RAGING UNCHECK­ PATROLMAN JAMES R. CALVERT." to a wholesale grocery dealer. Each Fri­ what money there is. ED ON TAMPA STREETS. Thefirst para­ A Junior High School student had been day morning Co-op members pick up the graph said: shot in the back by a cop, because the cop order and bring it to the JOIN office "Screaming rioters rampaged ... thought - he SUSPECTED ,- that the where other members then bag, package HOW TOJOIN burning homes, firing at police and toss­ youth had committed a burglaryI and weigh up each member's order. Mem­ Anyone interested in Jommg JOIN's ing Molotov cocktails at passing cars on How many people read as far as para­ bers come to the office to pick and pay Food Co-op should call Mrs. Delia Rad­ a superhighway. graph 21? Why did the paper wait until for their groceries. hakrishana at 728-1905 or come into the "Mobs of chanting Negroes faced down then to give the immediate CAUSE of the Because the Co-op can order its groc­ JOIN office at 4533 N. Sheridan Rd. There police •.." riot? Why did the newspaper never examine eries from a wholesaler at wholesale is a $5 fee to join, but you get this back Screaming, rampaging, mobs, chanting the general causes - poverty, oppression prices, members pay much less for their anytime you want to quit the Co-op. This ••. these are words calculated to de­ and hopelessness? food than they would if they bought in fee money is used to pay the wholesaler stroy any. justification for the action. The white-run daily press in America is retail stores. Potatoes, for instance, cost when the food is picked up. The more Confronted with these accusations of ir­ not an objective, critical viewer ofevents. about 9¢ per pound in most Chicago chain members the Co-op gets, the more money rationality, animal fury, the black com­ Newspapers are industries. They are pri­ stores. The JOIN Co-op sells them for 4¢ it will have to buy other items of food. munity cannot defend itself with any state­ vate property, not public utilities. They a pound. Eggs which cost from 47¢ to 69¢ People in other places shouldthink about ment. They are forced to say' 'We were are civic leaders. When black people re­ in the big stores sell for 30¢ to 33¢ setting up their own Food Co-ops. It's a not rampaging, we were not a mob." Al­ volt against their conditions, they are also at the Co-op. good way to get people working together ready they are on the defensive. This is the revolting against the mass media; the Co-op members realize that it makes as well as saving money.... strategy of offensive reporting. press. An attack on police and property -~------_------_------. is an attack on the press and the press responds the same way as the police and property interests. CARMICHAL ARRESTED PRATTVILLE We-have printed on this page an account of the battle in Prattville, Alabama that did not come out of the daily press, but from THE SEIGE SNCC. The SNCC story explains why the events in Prattville occured. The blackre­ sponse does not seem irrational when you read this account. AT Compare it with this article from the Chronicle, June 12: "Snipers opened fire on police in a Negro (; section last night after blackpower leader E o Stokely Carmichael was jailedandthe Ala­ u -'" bama NationalGuard was reportedordered C PRATTVILLE in. ' ::E "The police were wounded by buckshot ... About 25 policemen cordoned off a 20-block area of this little town ... and Carmichael and other Alabama SNCC staff, A telegram was'sent bySNCC to U.S. began searching with dogs for snipers who Attorney General Ramsay Clarke calling fired on them. his attention to the incident and urging "Assistant Police Chief Hill said his him to investigate and to act to protect men were trying to surround a cement PrattVille, Ala. shooting into the house and shot out all the rights of Prattville's black population. block house deep in the area. Heavy fire street lights in the area. Telegrams were also sent to major civil Vias coming from it, he said. rights organizations .urging them to unite On June 11, Stokely Carmichaeland nine Police cordoned off a large area of It Carmichael, jailed without bond, al­ other persons, three of them SNCC work­ the community and newsmen and others in defense of the black community of legedly threatened to 'take care' of a ers, were arrested here. Other black were and screams. In this critical situa­ Prattville. policeman and Police ChiefObie Thompson citizens were beaten, shot at and intimi­ tion with their lives in not allowed through. Throughout the night, SNCC officials had said the militant civil rights leader warn­ dated. danger, a few black men began returning made appeals to the JusticeDepartmentfor ed he "would tear this town up.'" Carmichael had been speaking to a fire. It is believed that five police were federal protection. John Doar of that de­ The follow-up article in the Chronicle meeting of black pee,.le to discuss pol­ wounded. A unit of the National Guard 'partment informed the national office of the next day began: itical organizing at St. Mark's Church in arrived from Montgomery. Telephone calls "Stokely Carmichael, whose a r res t PrattVille, a small town in Ataugua Coun­ between the house and SNCC staff and touched off a gun fight between Negroes ty, about 40 miles from Montgomery, newsmen were repeatedly cut off. and police, refused to post bondyesterday Alabama. (Ladybird Johnson has exten': until ten other Negroes charged with in­ sive land holdings in Ataugua County.) citing a riot are released." Police Officer Kenny Hill drove up and BEATINGS, ARRESTS began to harrass Carmichael for using At about 4 a.m. the mob entered the the words "Black Power". (Hill is the house and ordered out those inside. Sev­ THE DIFFERENCES officer who earlier this year was ac­ eral persons were held for almost an Begin with the Chronicle's first word: cused of murdering Charles Rosberry, a hour in front of the house with arms snipers. If a mob of Klansmen and police black prisoner, in the Prattville jail. He raised. People were questioned, intimi­ forms outside your house after beating waslater cleared dispite strong evidence dated and beaten. Stanley Wise, SNCC several of your friends, and swots into of guilt.) After repeatedly harrassing Executive Secretary, and Theophilus Smith your house and you defend yourself by Carmichael, Hill arrested him on a charge and U.Z. Nunley, SNCC volunteers, were shooting back - are you a sniper? of disorderly conduct. A crowd of Car­ arrested on a charge of inciting to riot. The Chronicle does not tell us why michael's friends and coworkers gathered Julius Robers, Rev. James Harris, Haber Carmichael was jailed .:.- for calling out around the police to find out why he had Willis, Charlie Devine, Nathaniel Rudolph the popular slogan Black Power. It does been arrested. Police attacked one news and Horace Morris were also arrested. not tell us that the policeman who ar­ reporter and damaged the equipment of All these prisoners were kept incom­ rested Carmichael is the same man who another. The arrest was at approximately municado by Prattville authorities. No one beat a black man to death several months 5 p.m. was able to get news of their condition before in the same jail. It leads us to or treatment. Meanwhile rumors were believe that Prattville blacks, angered spreading that Carmichael had been lyn­ by Stokely's arrest retaliated by wanton­ KLAN SHOOTS ched. ly shooting at police, that is, they took Black people in Pratville, angeredby the Stanley Wise the offensive and opened fire. It was not arrest moved to protest at the jail and self defense, if we believe the Chron­ elsewhere. Shortly thereafter, Ku Klux TOWN TAKEN OVER SNCC that people were' 'bothering" him. icle. Klansmen, riding down the main street, On Monday morning, June 12, SNCC Doar's response'typifies the attitude of the The home of Mr. Dan Hauser, NAACP began shooting from their cars. Black men worker Johnny Jackson reported that the federal government in this and similar leader in Prattville becomes a "cement returned the fire and the shooting ceased. Alabama State Patrol had "taken over situations which have faced black people. block house deep in the area" for the Later that evening, crowds of Klansmen, the town" and was searching houses, for­ mass media. What connotationsl A mili­ accompanied by police, entered homes in cing black people off the street into their tary blockhouse? An attack on a home by the black community, interrogatingthe oc­ houses, and denying entry into the town SNCC STATEMENT the police and Klan becomes an "attempt cupants, beating and sending home those to non residents. Mr. Hauser was sev­ In a press conference in Atlanta later to surround. blockhouse" from which erely beaten by the'police and chased out in'the day of 'june 12, SNCC chairman Rap "heavy fire" is coming, An offensive who were not in their own houses, and , " forcibly sending persons who did not live of town. He was later taken to St. Jude Brown stated: becomes a defensive! in Prattville to the highways. A mob of Hospital in Montgomery and was reported "Our course of action has been set. We What is the source of information print­ several Whites, including Klansmen and in danger of losing the sight in one eye. will no longer sit back and let black people ed by the mass media? The police. No police, surrounded the residence of Mr. John Hulett, ctairman of the Lowndes be killed by murderers who hide behind newsman heard Carmichael sayhe"would Dan Hauser, NAACP leader in Prattville, County Freedom Organization, 'Lowndes is sheets or behind the badge of the law. It tear this town up:' Obie Thompson told where a meeting was being held. Some 25 a neighboring county) was badly beaten is clear that the law cannot and will not them Carmichael said it. They believed black people, mostly women and children, in front of the Houser home and was protect black people. This is no accident. Obie Thompson because Obie represents were trapped inside. When the people chased out of town. SNCC worker Worth The racist attitude completely dominates law and order in Prattville and in Ameri­ refused to come out, the crowd began Long was also beaten. CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE ca.... 1\ • I; \' Jr-j JULY 1967 PAGF ,..

'- .'"., THE DEATH OF THE AMERICAN PRESS

HOW THE MEDIA

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF. -- THE MOVEMENT has obtained a copy of a PLANS TO memo issued to Northern BroadcastMan­ enforce the conditions that drive black agement and Law EnforcementOfficials by people to desperation. It is they who have Chet Casselman, President of the Northern initiated every riot. COVER REVOLTS California Chapter of the Radio and Tele­ And it is they, and only they, who will vision News Directors Association. It supply the mass media with its informa­ is called CIVIL DISORDER COVERAGE tion. GUIDELINES. It sets out guidelines on Why would the presence of the media how radio and TV reporters will cover "heighten the disturbance"? By reporting insurrections in the ghetto. The most important gUideline is #3. It says: " At the outset of the disorder, broadcast newsmen should be dispatched to law enforcement commandposts, rather than directly to the scene, where their presence may heighten the disturbanceor interfere with efforts to establishcontrol. The ·'Optimistic u. s.- An autlioritativeIy staffed command post will undoubtedly be in communication By Df\.VIn BARNETT i chael. with an offieial uf p se-I toU. S. participation in Viet with the scenes of disorder and be capable Examiner Correspondent I cr~t Chinese C 0 ill III U n i s t-I Nam. of providing newsmen with any desired WASHINGTON _ FBI! onented underground group. !. C,trJnicJlael was chairman information." ector J. Edgar Hoover' • Conte.nd('d. "t~ew 1e f f" iof SNCC until he ""as re­ There are many assumptions and ad­ w'lrned C p re'-" tl P you. t h orgamzatlUl1s work i placed last week. missions contained in this amazing state­ ~< f1 • .°'0 ,S L con s t a tJ t 1v to further the I i· 1 ".·ct".. ,.• ment. Newsmen are not to go to the ommullIst Partv "is' .' -. d b-' .f·. - < tl i 100" e I Sat Cal nuchael • '." .•....,'. ~lt~S an. u. ,J~l:.]"es 01 le "has been ill frequent eon- scene of the insurrection. They will get e (') _st of a wa·~ LOIJ1lOlIl1Jst Pal ty ! tact with Max Stanford. fidd all their information from the police, that • War ned 01 increasing· chairman of the Revolution­ is, from one side of the battle. It is . Klux Klan actiYity in: ary Action Movement. a se- the police who have been responsible for rn states. . cret a lI-N e g r 0, IVlarxist- inflaming every riot that has taken place e out for a ban on L.enini~t, Chi n e s e C?mn:lU- in the last few years. It is they who purchases of fire- mst-orJented org~mzatlOn registration by that advoc~te~ gueITlll~ wal'- PRATTVILLE f all guns. fare-to obtam Its goals. , Ide Continued from Pg. 4 the shooting and beating of black people their relationship to the black community by police. Only. What else, except show­ and is blatantly exemplified by their ac­ ing acts of brutality, would heighten the tions. We recognize and acceptyesterday's disturbance? Police acts of violence a):'e action by racist white America as a dec­ not to be shown. laration of war. We feel that this is a part How would the media ..interfere with of America's Gestapo tactics to destroy efforts to establish control"? By exposing SNCC andto commitgenocide against black the methods. lf the outside community were people. We are calling for full retalia­ to see the methods used by police to tion from the black community across quell demonstrations, they might react America. We blame Lyndon Johnson. We negatively. They might interfere with the extend a call for black brothers now suppression. serving in Vietnam to come home to the No policeman has ever reported acts WHOSE SIDE IS MEDIA ON? defense of their mothers and families. of police brutality. The newsmen are to This is their fight. We say to brothers speak only to the cops. No acts of police The question has already been answered. in the Armed Forces; lf you can die de­ brutality will be reported by the press. The guidelines recognize an important fending your motherland, you can die de­ Guideline #10 makes this clear: fact: that black people know the mass fending your mother. It appears that Ala­ "Avoid broadcasting interviews with media is opposed to them. Newsmen been established and control being main­ bama has been chosen as the starting obvious law-breakers or participants in and TV camera crews are stoned by tained. :. :' battleground for America's race war. This disorder who are on the side which opposes rioters because they are there on the lf you are watching television and your is both fitting and appropriate. For next law and order when the interview could behalf of the power structure. GUide­ brother is reported as being shot, you to America's Vietnam action, Alabama be considered inflammatory and may add line #11 says: are 'not to kno.w where it took place, polls the highest death toll of black further problems to the disorder. When­ "Avoid filming a milling crowd if it That's to keep you from knowing where to men." .. ever possible, the broadcast newsmen does not add to the story and might inspire go to. defend him. You might be inflamed should seek out a responsible spokesman a disorder by that crowd. When possible, into going to the aid of your friends, for the community in which the distur­ cameramen should attempt to film with relatives and brothers. • TRADING STAMPS bance occurs." a long lens so as not to expose the Any doubts about the meaning of these FOR FREEDOM Do not, newsmen, interview a young man presence of a camera.•. :' gUidelines are resolved by #3: SNCC needs your trading stamps who might say, "The cops just shot my The presence of a camera "inspires ..... maximum assistance in the re­ (yes, trading stamps). In the brother. They broke into iny house and a disorder" because the members of establishment of control (is) the primary past two years, SNCC has re­ beat up my wife. They hit my kid on a crowd know that the men behind the goal.'· deemed over $15,000.00 in trad­ the head with a rifle butt." These state­ camera are not objective. They are on The press is to work on behalf of the ing stamps to purchase vehicles, ments are inflammatory. The man ob­ the side of the cops. cops, establishing their control over the tires, and garage equipment, and viously opposes police law and order. Back to the "command post". "Vhen rebellious members of Anerica's black community. the need for these itlms con­ 'The broadcasters admit that there are a cop is shot or hurt, he will be brought There is no GuidelL'1e that says "seek tinues and grows. Reliable, two sides to a riot. It is a conflict. to the command post. It will be shown. out the causes of the riot and find ways well-maintained transportation That is why Guideline #7 is total, un­ When a black person is shot or hurt ashamed hypocricy: of ending the oppression." TIlere is no is essential to the movement. it will not be shown. The media know "Reports should be calm, objective Guideline that says" show sympathy with You can support SNCC by send­ that black people will be watching tele­ and present the 'overall picture'... ," those who have been so beaten down that ing your trading stamps (any vision. TIley are not to he inflamed by They have the decency to put the words the reporting of injustice. 'I1lat is why the must riot, who have been left no kind, any amount) to: "overall picture" in quotes. They intend peaceful way to correct injustice:' MARIN FRIENDS OF SNCC Guideline #9 says: to be objective WITHOUT PRESENTING •'Exact locations of intersections, street TIle press is a conscious tool of the BOX 210 ANY OF THE VIEWS OF ONE SIDE IN names and addresses of flareups should police. MILL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA THE .CONFLICT. The POLICE are to not be revealed by the broadcaster until The press, too, mllst be battled, and 94941 provide them with the "overall picture"l amhorities have announced order has overcome... PAGE 6 THE MOVEMENT JULY 1967 EX·SERV:ICEMEN JOIN DRAFT RESISTANCE Recently THE MOVEMENT interviewed Jeff Segal, National internal education of members of Draft gone down and stood around high school Draft Resistance Co-ordinator for SDS. Here are his com­ Resistance Unions about the draft and hang-outs and started conversations about selective service system? You can't go the draft. It has been pretty easy to ments on the current Draft Resistance movement. out and talk to someone unless you have make contacts with high school students. substantial information about the draft. Once contacts have bee:! made the high MOVEMENT: Basically, could you give us some idea about what you' have been SEGAL: Yes, we are aware of that. There school people have done the organizing doing? is a manual that will come out of SDS with the help in things like printing from SEGAL: I've spent the last two months talking to SDS chapters and Draft Resistance national office in the very near future. the college union. Unions.'! have visted all of the existing and active unions in the country. It will have a very specific rundown Another area has been in talking to MOVEMENT: How many Anti-Draft unions are there? service men. There have been three SEGAL: There are at present about 25 active draft Resistance Unions. There are approaches. about 900 to 1000 people involved in these organizations. 1) There has been a very small number Most of the unions got started around the circulation of' 'I Won't Go" statements. of cases of guys inside the services Out of that a fairly strong grouping of people has been built. Many members are not approaching us. It has been pretty much ·draftable. About half are older people, women and deferred men. a matter of prOViding literature and leaf­ Of course, all of these groups are lets. The most effective article for this at different levels of involvement and In some areas there have been attempts has been the Donald Duncan article in commitment. But about half of the groups to stop busses. People have gone into Ramparts. One SDS chapter circulated are involved in demonstrations at in­ induction centers who haven't been har­ ten or so copies of it to some service­ duction centers. There have been a grow­ rassed. Also it has been mostly Draft men and a couple of soliders came into ing number of incidents of disruptions Resistance Unions that have been in­ the office about a month later with one at these places. volved in demonstrations against military dog eared copy and wanted more. From these groups there are a number recruiting on campus. 2) There are a growing number of cases that have gone to the high schools and MOVEMENT: How have the Draft where there are SOS chapters close to have started anti-draft organizations: a Resistance Unions operated? Army bases. People have gone into areas few groups have started community work. SEGAL: One of the first steps has frequented by service men and leaflet been to put out leaflets that list mem­ literature where people could look at it. 3) Also they have originated social .WHAT HAS BEEN DONE bers of draft boards with names and addresses and what they do for a living. of the present condition of draft laws gatherings for servicemen. They would MOVEMENT: You mentioned disrup­ In most cases they found that the and some material about loopholes. There make contacts and attempt to combat the tions and demonstrations. What exactly members of the draft boards are tied will be some information about emigra­ brain-washing that goes on in the army has happened? in with the establishment in one way tion laws. And there will be very specific by giving some. information about alter­ SEGAL: Some places have sent guys into or another. They have found that this kinds of step by step procedures on how natives to service men. the induction centers to talk to the people information makes it easy to talk to to organize around the draft. Forinstance, inside, trying to make as much of a farce ,people about community power structures. one thing we want to do is squash as ANTI WAR SAlLORS of the induction process as possible. Young guys respond to connections be­ many of the untruthful rumors as possible tween community problems and draft board. that are floating around about the draft. MOVEMENT: How much success have members. they had with this sort of activity? A number of the unions are in the SEGAL: They have found that there "fs HOW TO GET TO process of getting lists of lA regis­ 'MAKING CONTACTS a great deal of dissatisfaction about the trants. From there they plan to go out MOVEMENT: What are some of the war within the service. There seems to CANADA: and talk to the guys before they actually specific organizing activities that the be a lot of anti-war sentiment in the have to go to induction stations. draft resistance unions have done? Navy. Young men interested inemigrat­ MOVEMENT: What is being done about SEGAL: For one thing: people have CONTINUED ON PAGE 9 ing to Canada as a means of avoid­ ing the draft should read a pamphlet issued by the Toronto Student Union for Peace Action. The 24 page pamphlet, titled ES­ CAPE FROM FREEDOM, lMMl­ DRAFT RESISTANCE NEWS GRAnON 1D CANADA AS AN AL­ TERNATIVE TO THE DRAFT is Taken from information supplied by the ted in Draft Resistance and the Movement Over 100 faculty members at Stanford and available for 50¢ from SUI;'A, 658 Draft Resistance Movement. .that has been developing here in the U.S. Berkeley have supported the action. Some Spadina Avenue, Toronto 4, Ontario, 'members are planning to travelaround the Canada. FRENCH RESISTANCE. OPEN RECORDS country this summer to enlist support and It'c a r efu lly"CO'Vers most infor­ *Word has it that the French Resis­ *At most local SSS Boards, the minutes additional signers. Contact: Gary Bowman, mation n e c e s s a r y: .. Prohibited tance, that evolved from World War II from the last SSS board meeting are open 1286 3rd Ave, San Francisco, 661-6081. Classes" that makes immigration and the Algerian War, has been re ­ to the public. In these minutes are the full One of the organizers of the medical Impossible, Landed Immigrant, activated. This is partially a response names of all young men who have been pledge, Ron 'Levant, says "The majority Visitor and Student Status, how to to the increasing number of American reclassified I-A, etc. You have the right to of medical students who have signed this apply, what to do at the border, soldiers that are deserting in Europe see these lists and to take down the names. pledge have never before been active in how to fill out the forms, Extradi­ because of the War in Vietnam. It is also *More than 250 medical students at 25 peace activities. They had not marchedon tion and Deportation; how to become known that these people are very interes- schools have signed a pledge refusing to any peace parades. Yet they signed the a Canadian citizen. serve with the Armed Forces in Vietnam. pledge and are risking up to 5 years in A valuable research work. . jail. They signed the pledge because they l..DCUSTS woodcut by R.V. Correll could take it .seriously. Without doctors, you can't relieve the combatunit of its sick and wounded' s~ as to maintain'maximum combat effectiveness and mobility' (Army Medical Manual 8-16, 1961). Moreover, the act or upper middle class professionals actually risking something, actually put­ ting their stake in society on the line would be bound to encourage other groups of people to take a similar stand.'.'

SPR,EAD THE MOVEMENT C an you use a bulk order of THE MOVEMENT for your group, club, cam­ pus, friends and neigh­ bors? 10¢ each plus pos­ tage for over 10 copies 7¢ each plus postagefor 100 or more.Orderfrom THE M 0 VE MEN T PRESS, 449 14thSt., San Francisco, Ca. 94103 JULY 1967 THE MOVEMENT ,PAGE 7 POLICE CAN STOP TROUBLE

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF. -- POLICE CAN STOP TROUBLE - BY NOT STARTING IT is the headline on a petition currently being circulated by Bay Area Friends of SNCC. ' (see petition below). This petition is one of several new programs sponsored by BAFOSNCC. Others include a bail fund for draft resisters and anti-draft organizers, a bail fund for ghetto residents arrested in the event of uprisings this summer, and a lawyers' committee to advise and assist both draft resisters and arrested ghetto dwellers. Friends of SNCC is a loosely structured, mostly-white, mostly Northern support group which for several years has publicized SNCC's activities and done fund raising to support those activities. Continuing activities in the San ,Francisco area have in­ cluded the Marin Friends of SNCC stamp drive, which collects and redeems all kinds of trading stamps to purchase supplies for SOC'C, and TI-lE MOVEMENT newspaper which started as a Friends of SNCC newsletter.

NEW PROGRAMS These new programs are the result of SNCC's recent decision to form a fund raising base in the communities where it works instead of depending on northern support. Rap Brown, new SNCC chairman, suggested that FOSNCC could best turn its resources to educating the white community to the needs and purposes of the black freedom struggle. Draft Resistance was chosen as an issue since it affects both black and white youths. It is a more critical problem for blacks, but not a different problem. And with the new law granting automatic student deferments, the problem may become almost as critical for young poor and working class whites. TAKES GHETTO SIDE LA COPS SMASH FOSNCC also sees itself as one of the few predominately white groups which will take the side of ghetto residents in the event of violence. Since this is 11 racist society where the voice of a white man carries more weight than the voice of a black man, FOSNNC feels an obligation to use its "white power" to support the needs and demands LBJ PICKETING of misrepresented or unheard fellow citizens. Hence the ghetto bail fund and the petition. "About 9 p.m., perhaps a few minutes Many cops personally enjoyed it, but the~ FOSNCC hopes to indicate to local governments, through this petition, that a signi­ earlier. Suddenly the cop in front of me would not have waded into the crowe ficant number of "respectable" citizens will be critically obserVing the actions of swung his truncheon against the face of a' if they had not been instructed to do se police in ghetto areas. In this way FOSNCC hopes to create a social climate which man. Blood spurts. Others join in. The in advance. After the violence had ended, will not allow brutal police attacks such as have occurred in the past. first cop started hitting a girl, about 20, : Police Chief Reddin referred to it as The impact of this petition depends, of course, on the number of people who sign it. with a baby in her arms. When sqe fell :"a perfect police exercise. I am ven We urge you to sign and return the petition below and to urge others to do so. Copies down trying to protect the Child, the same :satisfied." of the petition are available from the SNCC office. Contributions to either bail fund, cop kicked her in the back. A doctor to anti draft organizing, to SNCC's work in the South or to maintenance of the BAFOSNCC tried to go to her aid and was beaten office can also be sent to Bay Area Friends of SNCC, 449 14th St., San Francisco, Ca. down by'several cops." ISELF DEFENSE ,94103. Phone: 626-4577. ..., -- James Shafikh in the Los Angeles This was the first white political dem­ Free Press onstration in which people reacted in a The most important single statement healthy way to unprovoked attack: they made about Bloody Friday was by a black 'fought back. They fought back in aston- woman who participated. "Now they know ishment, but they fought back. how the cops treat us all the time," she "A man and a lady were holding 2 said. It was mainly a white student and baby between them and trying to protect professional middle-class group that was it. A cop tripped the lady and the baby attacked by the police. They were notSun­ 'went rolling across the cement. I picked set Strip Hippies. They were women with it up and gave it to the man. baby carriages, cleanly dressed young "There was another guy who had seen people, whole families together. this. He charged toward the cops with The reaction to the brutality was often, blood in his eyes. Two men, not cops, "this can't be happening in America," tried to stop him and the cops started which shows how isolated many demon­ beating on all of them." strators were from what IS happening -- Bruce Denney in the L.A. Free here. Good liberals who sincerely believe Press that Stokely Carmichael is an extremist Only a few demonstrators tried to use were treated the way cops would like to the old tactic of sitting down. This only treat Stokely if they weren't afraidofhim. made matters worse byblockingthose who were being beaten and making the crowd less mobile. NOT RACIST The demonstrators had a right to be The police acted in a way that cannot there and knew it. They did not leave the be dismissed as "racist." Cops beat the area passively when some of them were POLICE CAN STOP TROUBLE BY NOT STARTING IT heads of people who cause trOUble, black ordered to. The police line would move We citizens of ------warn our city and county governments that the con­ or white. Police violence cannot be ana­ into the crowd. But as soon as they ditions that have produced "long, hot summers" in the past several years are more lyzed as "irrational," "psychotic" or paused or moved back, the crowd would intense this summer of 1967 than ever before. Unless our elected governments fulfill "sadistic." They attacked the demon­ surge forward again. They \\ere not about their responsibilities in our ghettoes, our California cities face the imminent prospect strators because they were ordered to. to leave•. of large scale civil uprisings, and the slaughter of fellow citizens. They also protected one another. One part of the crowd was isolated and pushed We remind you, our elected officials, that each of the serious rebellions of the past down Olympic Boulevard. A cop in a prowl several years has begun with a brutal attack by police on people of the ghetto -- Matthew car tried to push his way through the Johnson in Hunter's Point, Leonard Deadwyler in Watts, Martin Chambers in Tampa. crowd. The demonstrators rockedthe car. Unless you take immediate action to curb the tradition among our police of beating and When a second car came through, a youth shooting black people first, and asking questions afterward, more and more serious threw a rock, hitting the side of the car. Watts and Hunter's Point uprisings are inevitable. Our police are sowing the seeds of When the police tried to see who it was, hate, and we all, black and white alike, shall suffer. the crowd formed around the youth andhid It is your responsibility to make our poijce command respect, not fear, in all sections him. The police, obviously shaken, drove of our community. We ask you to act now, before hundreds of our fellow citizens lie dead off. in the streets. The police riot convinced thousands of whites that the stories of police brutality NAME ---- are true. "I never believed it before, but I believe it now," was a common statement. ADDRESS ------.------NAME------NAZI PARALLELS

ADDRESS ------The most common comparison was with Nazi Germany. A group of 300 demonstra­ NAME------~------tors pushed across the L.A. City Line, gave the Nazi salute and shouted "Seig ADDRESS------Hei!" at the police for 15 minutes. The similarity between the police ac­ NAME ------~ ------tion 'and Nazi police was on everyone's mind: ADDRESS ------"Looking over the whole situation later, it seemed like Nazi storm troopers herd­ NAME------ing the Jews into the acid baths." -- Bruce Denney .. ADDRESS ------PAGE 8 THE MOVEMENT JULY 1967 ALETTER cannon fodder. That's you baby. You do CARMICHAEL & ALEAfLET the dying while the rich guys do the studying, so fROM BOSTON they can send your kids DRAFTED off to the next war just To THE MOVEMENT: 1ike their old m en are BY BLACK PANTHER PARTY We're working out of a store front in s ending you off to this OAKLAND, CALIF. -StokelyCarmichael, the racist Washington Police Department Central Square in Cambridge from 7 A.M. who has refused to be drafted into the which functions as the protector of the rac­ to 10 P.M. We've got two draft coun­ one. American Army to kill people of color in ist dog power structure, occupying the selors in here every day all day. One Vietnam, was drafted last month by the Black Community in the same manner and black. One white. The guys are studyiJ!g And for what? Your Black Panther Party for Self Defense. for the same reasons that the racist U.S. the selective service system processes Bobby Seale, Chairman of the BPPSD, Armed Forces occupy South Vietnam; etc., legal deferments, conscientious ob­ country? Bullshit - for announced at a press conference that Car­ You are hereby drafted into the black jection etc. etc. And of course they are a South Vietnamese punk michael had been drafted and given the Panther Party for Self Defense, invested working in the direct action leafletting named Marshall Ky. rank of Field Marshall. The Black Panther with the rank of Field Marshall. dele­ of pre-inductees at the South Boston Executive Mandate said: gated the following authority, pow!:!.. and Army Base every morning. He's great. The only Brother Stokely Carmichael: responsibility: We have lots of literature but woule fighting HIS army does To establish revolutionary law, order like five copies or" The Movement each Because you have distinguishedyourself and justice in the territory lying between month. Enclosed is four dollars for four is at the PX when the in the struggle for the total liberation of the Continental Divide East to the Atlantic months worth of copy. (Beginning June transistors come in. Black People from oppression in racist Ocean; North of the Mason-Dixon Line if possible. The H. Rapp Brown article is white America; to the Canadian Border; South of the important). Because you have acted courageously Mason-Dixon Line to the Gulf of Mexico. Enclosed also are copies of two of the The ARVN (:,c:'jth Viet­ and shown great fortitude under the most So Let It Be Done: leaflets that we have been handing out namese Army) wo n't adverse circumstances; to the pre-inductees and other working fight, why the hell should Because you have proven yourself as a Huey P. Newton class guys that we are seeking out meet­ true revolutionary guided by a great feel­ Minister of Defense ing and talking with. you? ing of love for our people; ... A first newsletter comes out early next Because you have set such a fine ex­ week (as soon as we can get it written) ample, inthe tradition of Brother Malcolm, and we will send it on to you. (Still want to fight? Fight of dedicating your entire life to the strug­ the draft with us). gle of Black Liberation, inspiring our youth Thank you, and providing a model for others to For Black Panther News Read Boston Draft emulate; Resistance Group Boston Draft Resistance Because you have refused to serve in the THE BLACK PANTHER Cambridge, Mass. Group oppressor's racist mercenary aggreSSive war machine, showing that you know who Black Community News Service bi­ Here is one of the leaflets that was 138 River St. your true friends and enemies are; weekly paper of The Black Panther enclosed. C ambridge, Mass. Because ot your new endeavor to or­ Party for Self Defense, P.O. Box 547-7919 ganize and liberate the Crown Colony of 8641, Emeryville Branch, Oakland, Washington, D.C., you will inevitably be ' Ca. 94608. $5.50 a year. forced to confront, deal with, and conquer POOR FIGHT URBAN RENEWAL By Dick Lawrence, Temporary Chairman, City-wide Urban Renewal Committee

Chicago, Illinois City Hall was astounded. Poor Negroes, poor whites and poor Latin at all -- its urine. Americans joined together to fight. On Friday June 2, a union of the poor went to City Daley was upset to see Englewood and Hall and City Hall was not ready. We filled City Hall and placed our petition for the Lawndale scheming together -- the two poor people of Chicago before the City Council. We declared in a telegram to the Mayor: largest Negro ghettos in the city. He "Our homes are in danger. Your help is needed. Direct your floor leader to read our had to stick his pride in his pocket. He petition stating the principles which must become the policy of the City of Chicago for had to face the people, a chance he had the future operation of the Urban Renewal program in the city." not taken since Negroes booed him to We knew Daley had no intention of doing silence two years ago. But we were not Key thiS. His $180 million dollar urban re-, ready. Sears Roebuck and its West Side newal program could not survive our principles, and a vote to proceed was needed by July 1st to get the package to List Washington in time to meet Federaldead­ lines. We were ready. One of our people stood to read our "magna carta." The Mailing City Council members lost their heads. Chaos reigned as they shouted at one Selected Documents of another from the floor, and finally the Current and Lasting In­ Mayor himself stood and demanded this must stop. Our people started chanting: terest in the Freedom •'Stop urban renewaL Stop urban renewaL" Movement. DALEY REDFACED Published by The San Francisco Office of SNCC. As usual the police moved ahead of the The KLM brings together: Mayor. 20 cops pushed toward us andgave 1) the writings, statements, field us the final word--"shut up or get out:' reports of individuals and groups We moved from the chambers, but con­ involved in organizing black people, tinued our shouting. Behind us the acid poor whites, Spanish-speaking peo­ tones of Richard J. Daley pleadedthe case ple - North and South, urban and for democracy: •'This is a democratic rural; body. No small group of people is going 2) writings on such issues as to take over this Council meeting:' His Black Power, thd draft, independent lecture blared over Chicago T.V. that political parties, self - defense night, and to most of us he looked good­ o groups, the role of the organizer, -caught redfaced denying ;,he needs of the, Marching to City Hall in Chicago. colonialism in the U.S., etc.; people again. 3) materials relating to various We picketed City Hall for awhile, then "democratic" tactics of selective ar­ Federation had a warm reception for areas of organizing, such as how decided to have a rally. Dorothy Mattox, rests. Three demonstrators were quickly him. He split us in two again. to find out who owns slum housing, a black woman from E. Garfield Park carted away with three charges each. When we returned to City Hall to face how to do 'power structure' re­ Community Organization shour~d ahout the final vote on June 9th the mayor was search, how to deal with urban re­ poor blacks getting the llrban renewal SALTY TASTING TRUTH ready. His employees filled the Council newal (laws involved and how groups screw. Then Obed Lopez from LADO Chambers. His police did not let us near have actually dealt with urban re­ (Latin American Defense Organization) Our City-Wide Committee got a real those hallowed-halls. Our principles were newal), how to put out a community and Peggy Terry, an appalachian from set-hack during the planning for the next introduced as amendments to the Housing newspaper, how to organize draft Uptown's JOIN, said poor people all over attack. Lawndale, one of the largest ur­ and Planning Report by the Independent unions, etc. the city are ready to fi~ht. ban renewal areas, was having a plan­ Alderm~n. They were referred to com­ Published bi-weekly. $10,/3 year. We swore we would return. We knew ni,ng conference. They were sure they mittee and the Urban Renewal program 501 an issue. two alderman had agreed to move to could do business with Daley, Why were was passed. SNCC defer and publish tbe report of the Hous­ they so sure? Because Daley himself That ends round one. The city ht-eaths 449 14th Street ing and Planning Comm. on urban Re­ showed up at the conference and told a li.tllc eas ieL fot" another demonstration San Francisco, Ca. 94103 newaL That surprized them too. "These them so,. When will the poor learn? Boss has passeJ. Ilut the poor of Cbica\!,o are 626-4577 niggers got their homework out:' Daley rolls out to lie to us. and we on the move. We are mo\"im': heyoml To get even with us for these sur­ destroy our strength, When do we learn demonstr~Jtions -- \\'e are nq.>anizin"" prises, the police resorted to their usual that truth with a salty taste ain't truth ... JULY 1967 THE.MOVEMENT PAGE 9 .AMERICAN INDIANS - Continued from Page One assimilated or be exterminated. our children meet each other and talk. During the time of Jackson and before, Our community is at one with nature. I the white man would take over Indian laugh at the white man who is afraid of lands by getting some Indians in a tribe tornadoes, who is afraid of nature. We are to sign over tribal lands. Since land a part of nature. The white man sees him~ was not considered to be owned by any self in opposition to nature. one, however, even the Indian who signed You see there is a difference between only thought he was temporarily giving learning how to live in the world and how the white man hunting or fishing rights. to earn a living in the world. I don't see But the white man had his paper which why people would want to live in cities. was a European custom, not an Indian Cities are a sore spot on Mother Earth, custom. When the Indian wanted to come I think someday she'll scratch. and use his hunting or fishing lands again the white man would run him off. THE ASSOCIATION Even today a Tribal Council law need only be passed by one third of one third Our group is only made up of rank and of the Indians of a tribe to be "legal." file Indians. There are no members of the That is one way the government has stolen government controlled tribal council on our lands and resources - our freedom our board, nor are there any people from to hunt and fish and log our own lands. the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)allowed We never gave any title in any treaty at our_ meetings. to any of the water ways of this country. There are a lot of groups stating around We only gave rights to land use, when­ the country similar to ours. But we don't ever it was really given and not taken. believe, in large organizations•. Already we But we are under trusteeship of the U.S. are getting too big, so each branch must government, which means they can tell us support itself. They are with us as long we can't fish in our rivers and lakes and as we agree on policy. streams. When white fishermen drove our - Janet McCloud people off the ocean and the lakes the EDUCATION THE SURVIVAL OF AMERICAN IN­ government did nothing. To the justice DIANS ASSOCIATION, P.O. BOX 719, Ta­ department it .was a civil matter and not Indians see what is being done to the coma, Wash. They publish a newsletter a matter of our civil rights. That's be­ ,Negroes, and they are called "nigger" and, of course, need donations for legal cause we have no civil rights in this 'too. They even kicked my daughter out of defense, bail, etc... country; we are not people under the school because they said SHE was pre­ constitution. judiced. People say we should begin to fight the My daughter had written two book re­ government. They forget that we fought ports on Geranimo and Chief Joseph. The and lost. We are the defeated Viet Cong teacher said no more reports on Indians. of Amerit::a. 'Then she wrote a report on NIGGER, Once a prosecuting attorney said that Dick Gregory's book. Silence fell over the government was being humane, since the class room when she read the title. it hadn't killed us all off. Well, the white Then the children saw wp.at prejudice was man couldn't kill us off - and he tried ­ about. Fifty book reports were turned in because we knew the land, just like the on that book. Then the teacher said no Viet Congo more reports on Dick Gregory.

RESISTANCE INDIAN COMMUNITIES There is no such thing a passive re­ A home is not as important as a com­ sistance. That's all-hogwash put out by the munity. So being poor is not haVing a fine power structure. I used to think that dem­ home, but being forced to live apart from onstrations would help. They have shed your friends and family. That is what the some light on problems. But I don't be­ white man has always tried to do ­ lieve in that anymore. force us apart, force us into white so­ We had a fish-in and all of our people ciety. The white man 0 utiawe dour potlach were arrested. The Yakirnasin the next ~ '/~ houses or long houses. That is where the ~~~Jl,""\ valley saw that. They had a fish-in too...... : -::;:;. ~ When the game wardens came, they took whole community would meet and trade -~"---- up guns to drive them off their land. beads and make costumes and meet hus­ It is the Indians' hope that they can bands and wives. Now we are using base­ And while only 12 per c en t think v.e sholiicin't be in Vietnam, 88 percent think we mop up after the Negroes whittle down ball games to re-educate people into our shouldn't be in Amenca, either~"· the whites and get their land back. culture. We have Indian dances there and JEFF SEGAL ON ANTI-DRAFT - Continued from Pg. 6 For instance, the head of the Colorado I refused draft a couple of years ago MOVEMENT: About how many Ameri­ State College SDS chapter at Greeley, IN THE FUTURE and my trial judge said that he was can draft refusers would you say are Colorado seems to be a pretty good expecting a lot of draft related cases so in Vancouver and what are they doing? example. He's from Greely; just a kid MOVEMENT: Just what do you see he said at my trial that he was going SEGAL: There are probably about 150­ from a small town in Colorado who happening in the immediate future? to make an example of me. He sentenced 200 in Vancouver and they are organized joined the Navy just out of high school. SEGAL: It seems that there is going me to four years because of my politics. in a very informal way. Most of the He spent a year in Vietnam flying a to be a lot of summer activity. We're A non-cooperater under the same judge organization that is going on in Canada seaplane. While his ship was on patrol collecting names and addresses and local got six months at about the same time. around these people is being done by off the shore of Vietnam he and some board numbers of members of the draft He jUS~ wanted to_set an example with Canadians. There have been some self­ of his friends used to listen to Hanoi unions and are going to attempt to put me. It's now on appeal. help groups started. These mainly orient Hanna to pass the time. She would carp people together in organizations that are There have been, as you know, a lot Americans to Canadian life. They try to on the Geneva Accords all the time so not especially connected with campuses. of SNCC field secretaries who have ,been find work and housing for Americans. they decided that they would find them For instance, suppose that a large num­ drafted. Cleve Sellers just refused in­ MOVEMENT: What is the averagE and see just what she was talking about. ber or even a substantial number of the duction. The problem that the govern­ Canadian reaction to draft refusers? They got a pass to Manila and went members of the BerkeleyAnti-Draft union ment has is that the only way that they SEGAL: Historically, Canada has always to a library and looked up the Accords. all came from one local board. We would are going to be able to' get us, legally, been a haven for American draft ·re­ A copy was typed up and circulatedthrough encourage them to form a se!Jarate union as an organization is to arrest us and fusers. For instance, a lot of tories the unit. that would be concerned with attacking charge us with sedition. I don't think escaped imprisonment and such during , This went on until they had enough their own draft board. that they are ready to handle such a the American Revolution. Practically, in people on their side so they could take Also there are a number of community political issue at this time. this case, the reaction seems to be onE over an entire night watch. They stenciled projects beginning in Chicago, New York, of either indifference or sympathy. TherE up the accords and ran them off and Portland and Los Angeles. There are VANCOUVER is a lot of police harrassment of ~y­ distributed them to everybody. As a result programs in which organizers will go body who looks even slightly like a hippy; a lot of guys wf;re turned off on the war. door to door talking about the draft. MOVEMENT: You just got back from the drug scene is completely shut down When the docked in San Francisco about Hopefully, we can build up Draft Re­ Vancouver, could you give us some idea in Canada. But if you look some whal the time of the October IS, 1965 Teach-in sistance groups from local areas that about the situation there? - straight the cops don't brother you aI)'­ in Berkeley, they participated in the are made up of draft age males and SEGAL: The first thing is: almost any­ that much and the average joe on thf march. After he got out of the Navy and parents. body can get into Canada now legally. street couldn't care one way or another, started back to school he approached MOVEMENT: Has there been any There are only very few people who have Anyone interested in Canada should SDS and started a chapter at Greeley. movement by the federal Government to much trouble at all. First step anybody contact: We have found that we are getting supress your activities? should take if he thinks he might go to more and' more of our mem'berswho are SEGAL: There has been a lot of minor 'Candada is' to get ahold of a CO coun- ' Montreal Council to Aid War Re­ ex-service men who have been 'turned harrassment. FBI agents are always com­ selor or draft resistance group here in sisters off on the war. The head of one chapter ing in and out of the national office; we the U.S. who can give him some in­ p.O. Box 231, Westmount 6, Mont­ is an ex-green ,beret who served in Viet­ suspect telephone taps, but there has formation about getting Landed Im­ real, Quebec Canada nam. been nothing major at this stage. migrancy status. A Landed Immigrant Phone (514) 931 - 3007 It is the ex-servicemen who have been The only things that have happened is a person who lives in Canada and is the most active in reaching guys who to a major extent have been drafting waiting out the five years that are nec­ Committee to Aid Americ'ln War are in the service now. They speak the of political types. Trying to get them essary to get citizenship. In practice Objectors same language and know the ropes of the in court for' draft refusing and giving the only difference between the two sta­ Box 4231 military. Students just can't do this sort them stiff sentences to act as a damper. tuses is' you can't vot.eif you're' not a ' Vancouver 9, British Columbia of thing. citizen. Canada .. .~ .' I. '1 If' '....i.,· • • t .. '. i 1 ~ ..- , i J ::: :;..~ \ PAGE 10 'THE MOVEMENT JULY 1967 CALIFORNIA'S Manuel Victoria and Pio Pica, were part African, and many civic leaders, military chiefs, mayors, judges, b'usinessmen, and wealthy ranchers were of similar origin. BLACK HERITAGE Beginning in 1813 persons of African descent began to enter California from EDITOR'S NOTE: This article was sent by a fixation with the role of the English­ and settlers in California were part areas other than Mexico, and these in­ to us by Jack D. Forbes, Research Pro­ speaking Negro living along the Atlantic African. Some communities, such as Los dividuals also were welcomed, were suc­ gram Director of the FAR WEST LAB­ seaboard after 1619. Angeles, had even higher percentages. cessful, and blended into the generalpopu­ ORATORY FOR EDUCATIONAL RE ­ The founders of that now great metropo­ lation. Perhaps the best known of these SEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT in Berke­ lis, in 1781, were almost non-Whites and individuals was William Liesdesdorff, one ley. He wrote, "I enjoyed Hardy Frye's SPANISH SPEAKING AFRO-AMERICANS fifty-SiX percent were African or part of thefounding fathers of modernSan Fran­ article on •'Negroes in Early California" The story of the Spanish-speaking Afro­ African. cisco and a man of one-quarter African very much except for one major error. American needs to be told, if only be­ California's Spanish - speaking Afro­ ancestry. Mr. Frye states that "There were very cause it should help to weaken-some of Americans were neither slaves nor peas­ California before 1848, before the United few Negroes in California before 1841, the myths which bolster the racist society ants. Most were soldiers or retired sold­ States conquest introduced true racism, and those that were here had little in­ that Malcolm X fought so hard to destroy. iers. They were not segregated. Inter­ was a place where Malcolm X would have fluence," etc. During the 1500's Spanish - speaking marriage with Whites, Indians, and mixed­ had no reason to exist. True. there was a persons of African and part-African ori­ bloods occurred regularly so that the entire great deal of injljstice in California, felt NO RACIAL BOUNDARY gin came to dominate the population of population gradually blended together. By primarily by Indian "Red Nationalists." The rise of Afro-American leaders most of the islands in the Caribbean, the second decade of the nineteenth cen­ But the African element in the population' like Malcolm X stems from the reality including Puerto Rico. During that same tury the African strain had been absorbed knew no separate existence and had, in fact, of contemporary race relations in the century Afro-Americans from the islands and most ordinary people were of Euro­ become absorbed into the Mexican nation­ United States, but this reality itself is and Mexico became the first permanent pean, Indian and African background. ality. based upon a totally mythological view of non-Indian residents of the United States, American history and genetics. In point in the Carolinas in the 1520's, in New ,FIRST MAYOR OF LO'S ANGELES BLACK PIONEERS of fact the United States is not composed Mexico -Arizona in the 1540's, and in of "Whites" and "Negroes" but of a Oklahoma - Kansas in the 1590's. During Very early, persons of African ancestry Tens of thousands of modern-day Cali­ myriad of people who range from in­ this sameperiod also, Africans and mixed­ occupied positions of importance. fornians, with both English and Spanish dividuals of •'pure" European ancestry bloods helped to found St. Augustine, One of the fi.rst mayors of Los Angeles surnames, because of what happened in to individuals of "pure" African ances­ Florida in 1565. was Francisco Reyes, a mulatto (he was California before 1848, are part - African try with millions of "Eurafricans" ·01' By the eighteenth century a very large also the first rancher in the San Fernando (and most of them do not know it). But hybrids in between; and many of these, percentage of the Spanish soldiers and Valley). 0 the l' Afro - Californians oc­ whether we are personally descended intermediate mixed - bloods are called settlers going to regions such as Texas, cupied important positions as overseers from the Spanish - speaking Afro -Ameri­ "Whites." There is, in fact, no racial New Mexico, and California were of Afri­ of mission Indians, military officers, and can pioneers or not, we are all inheritors boundary between "White" and"Blacks," can or part-African ancestry. Let us look artisan-craftsmen. of the historical- cultural legacy left by a although there may be social and cul­ at California as an example. people who did a great deal to make tural boundaries. When Gaspar de Portola" led Spanish California an interesting place to live. The Similarly, the idea that the Afro-Ameri­ troops into California in 1769 many Afro­ GOVERNORS story Of these "black pioneers of the can has been primarily a passive"object" Americans were among those who came After 1822, when California became Golden West" especially needs to be of American history is a myth, perpetuated along. Their numbers increased steadily part of an independent Mexican republic, Widely known and appreciated today, when both by those white versions of history so that by the 1790's at least twenty persons of African descent rose to the a man's color seems to be so important which ignore non-White contributions and percent of the Spanish-speaking soldiers highest offices. At least two governors, to so many people. .. TEAR GAS FOR FUN & PROFIT

by Gren Whitman year research and development experience PERCUSSION of AAI in developing weapons and allied PRIMER Came across an advertisement recently systems for the U.S. ARMY Munitions in a police trade magazine. "Roll, Hold, Command, Weapons Command, and the Launch, Throw," it said, and showed U.S. AIR FORCE, combined with the con­ riot cops rolling, holding, launching and sultant seIVices of Lt. Col. Rex Apple­ 2 throwing tear-gas' grenades into a mob. gate, riot cortrol authority, and the co­ The mob appeared to be all-male, about operation of E.L duPonf de Nemours Com­ Jalf black and half white, armed with pany, Inc. rocks and bottles, holding a few blank , No doubt about it, the Multi-Purr .~ . He said the world-wide market is about Jicket signs -- as near as we would Grenade is an improvement. Watch Ollt. 150,000. tear-gas grenades per year, with 'igure out. Couldn't tell Whether it was India buying the most. Part of the reason 1 "civil rights" or a "peace" or a A 'SAFE' GRENADE for this market, other than the use of 'labor" demonstration. The cops couldn't The StateDepartment askedfor a"safe" minating shrapnel-type wounds and burns. tear-gas on people, is that any sort of ~ither. Didn't care. Just another mob to grenade. By this, they meant (1) a grenade It won't start fires, either. It dispenses munitions like this have a "shelf life," .hem. An object at which to toss, hold which would keep injuries (other thangas­ a tear-gas agent, CN, in a dry, powder and the inventory must be replaced every .aunch or throw tear-gas bombs. sing) at a minimum and (2) a grenade form, about the consistency of talcum, so often to be sure the stuff will work which couldn't be used against the cops -­ and uses a plunger system which ejects when needed. MULTI-PURPOSE GRENADE "safe" for the cops. AAI has lI'esented the CN in l/lOth of a second (as opposed Jones said the AAI grenade is guar­ For anyone who still doubts there is the state Department,also U.S. cops,with to about 30 seconds for a burning-type anteed to have a "shelf life" of about a connection between the revolutionary such a grenade, for a price, naturally. grenade). 6 years. H~ remarked that it's not the freedom/peace struggle in these United The grenade is made from a plastic, It has a timing mechanism which can expense, but rather a question of "poli­ 3tates and revolutionarystruggles inother DELRIN (trademark of duPor.~'. The fuse be set for either 2 or 5 seconds. This, tical stabilitJ". -- that when tear-gas parts of the world, let us consider the is recessed to minimize sh

MOW LITTON RUNS JOB CORPS- By Brooks Penney . While' the kids are getting literally On May 3, four leaders of the Camp is the firings. More basic is that this a comparable job elsewhere. short-changed, the cost-plus contract has Parks Job Corps Ca~p local of the proportedly educational institution is be­ A Negro history class that was a led to some fantastic boondoggeling and American Federation of Teachers were ing run by a business - and not even a roaring success in these times of rising financial wheeling and dealing. The cor­ fired by Utton Industries. Utton has corporation that is noted for its "liber­ black consciousness was canceled"by the poration thought it would be good to contracted with the OED to run Camp alism:' Educational institutions run by company. A staff member who attempted build a lake so the kids wou~d have a~­ Parks: all staff members are employees businessmen are nothing new in this to form a staff group for research into place to canoe and swim. When it was , of Utton. country, but the Job Corps is the most adolescence was threatened with firing. finished the lake was too small for ca­ The two were charged with "disloyalty obvious example of the "education busi­ The coming together of any group of noeing and too polluted for swimming. toward the company" for passing two ness" being carried to its logical con­ people for any reason is seen as a threat The company made a nice little profit leaflets around the camp in April. One clusion, and is squelched in any manner possible. off the construction of this lake, how­ leaflet objected to company plans to re­ The Job Corps is one of the best ever. move the doors to the Corpmen's rooms publicized parts of the so-called "War Utton contracted with one of its sub­ in order to make discipline easier. The on Poverty." Its main purpose 'is to ;;0 sidaries to develop educational materials c other leaflet discussed the virtues of take 16-21 year olds and give them to be used by the staff, bought them "-j vocational and compensatory training. c o co-operative ownership of Job Corps ;;0 o back and made a double profit. One contracts. m < teacher 'described the material as •'pure o m PROFITS COME FIRST ;;0 crap. We locked it all into a closet when we got it and it hasn't been looked at ANTI· UNION c One teacher at Camp Parks put it this "z since," , z The firings were an attempt by Utton way: "It's a difficult jJb from the start m, to chop off the head of the union. The but it's complicated immensely by Ut­ following day, the Parks Federation of ton's needs for profit. They (the com­ POSITIVE ASPECTS Teachers and Counselors, AFT Local pany) don't give a damn about the kids. In spite of Utton it is felt that there 1735, voted to go on strike against Ut­ , There isn't a supervisor who isn't scared are some positive aspects to the Job ton. About half of the more than 300 to death of the kids and stays as far Corps. The Corpsmen are receiving some ,OJ teachers and counselors at the camp away as he can. They see every thing o training and they are ~etting some basic stayed off work. After staying out for as a matter of control:' Control of and c25 education. A special reading class has twenty days, they went back to work in profit from the Corpsmen is related to -j had some success. "All that success exchange for a National Labor Relations the attempt by the staff to form a union. o means. in this case." as one teacher ";;0 0< Board election., They lost the election The company wants no interference and o m put it, "is that we have taken functi,mal but it is presently being contested in the no ripples - by unions or individuals ,m" ;;0 illiterates and brought them up to.afourth courts. The four who were fired have on the staff. The Corpsmen are not al­ , grade reading level so they cim pass lowed to leave the camp except on week­ ~-l nO,t been hired back, but their reinstate­ -j~ their draft exams and are qualified to ment will be part of the future negotia­ ends - the camp is surrounded by barbed om get killed," I " tions. wire fences. The Corpsmen are forced to :t>0 ~ Also just by its existence the Job Corps :om z contribute towards the recreation facili­ G>' Utton Industries is a huge Southern m~ G> allows for a sense of mobility. Poor whites California holding company that re­ ties but Utton cut back recreation ex­ c from AppaIacia and Blacks from the rural z:t> " ported $52,000,000 net profits for the penditures by half to "save_ money:l _z z south are taken out of one social contest -j0 nine month period ending April 30, 1967. There was no consultation with the Corps­ and put into another with much the same The variety and diversification of the men on this decision even though there effects as when middle class kids go away corporations owned by Litton is amazing. is a Corpsman government. A series to college. The substitution -of one struc­ It owns, for instance, Stoffer Frozen of night school classes in Oakland were ture for another is not in itself good ­ stopped because Utton claimed it couldn't Foods, Royal Typewriters, Cole Office NOJO~S the Army does the same thing - but the --..-' Furniture and American Book. 40% of afford the gas for its buses. AT LITTON process of change opens up to the Corps its holdings are defense industries. Utton Morale at the camp among the staff Vocational training at Parks is a Joke, - men the possibility of further change. is very much in the education business. is low and the turn-over has been high. One of the biggest job training classes Whether or not this further change is rea­ Besides Camp Parks, it has a contract Counselors have been played off against was office machinery repair, Since Royal lized or frustrated is determined by so­ to run a complete public school system teachers by the company in an attempt Typewriters is one of Utton's subsi­ ciety, and it is on this point that the value in Southern California next year. It has to create dissention. A large part of the daries, it would stand to reason that the and relevance of the society and the Job also turned Oakland Community College staff is not credentialed. Some of the company would train the kids and give Corps revolve. in Michigan into a horror show of teach­ counselors are ex-Corpsmen who have them jobs at RoyaL But the class is The general attitude of the Corpsmen ing machines, projectors and'recitation trained for the job. Some do not even being phased out - "no jobs available." is probably summed up by one ex-corps­ booths (all developed and produced by have high-school degrees. This says One group of trainees was interviewed man from the south who is now working Utton Industries). It is also a profound­ nothing about ability to do the job, only by RoyaL No Negroes were hired. The as a counselor who said, ' 'The man comes ly anti-union company. mobility. Without a high school diploma kids are being trained in "Maintenance up to me and tells me that he's going to There are two issues in this strike it's unlikely, no matter how competent Skills" which is just a fancy way to say put me on a jet airplane and fly me and the attemptto form a union. The first they are, that they will be able to get janitor. somewhere. Why, man,... I could kiss him." _P_A_G_E...,;:1~2;...,., T~H_E...,;,M~O;;;;.V...... -EM~E;,;.N;.;T .:;;.JULY 1967

"'~1rJ:~ ~~~~ C=~IC=~~~ ~lc=~~J:~ JJ~J:~ COPS HAVE NEW LOOK recruitment of both Negro and Spanish to be enough. In reality, they are over­ The Chicago police force, like the poli­ speaking cops, police-community work­ shadowed by a growing ghetto conscious­ tical machine it is a part of and serves, shops, a strengthened human relations ness and militancy. has long had a reputation of corruption. division, and extensive liaison efforts be­ Wilson recently resigned. He went out Mayor Daley has proved highly skillful tween the police force and Negro minis­ with a flurry of praise and sentimental at altering the visible parts of the ma­ ters. One such minister is Alinsky-spawn­ slop from the press. A Bill Mauldin car­ chine when its inner workings become too ed Brazier of The Woodland Organization toon showed a night stick-figure saying' 'he visible and provoked public concern. So (TWO) who talks about the "civil rights made me stand a little bit taller" and a it was with the police force. movement being taken over by irrespon­ badge-figure spouting "and shine a little In 1960 the Summerdale police station sible people." brighter." was finally caught with stolen goods inthe There is, however, considerable specu­ basement. To stem the outcry, Daley re­ lation that Wilson's resignation was forc­ on the street. Cops have to).e). Puerto cruited progressive criminologist Orlando CHANGED IMAGE ed. Negro cops have, as in New York, met Ricans that "thiS summer its,either you Wilson from Berkeley to take over and Wilson's efforts were successful in that on their own to discuss theirrole as Negro or us." And at the recent citywide Urban clean up Chicago's cops. Wilson came in they changed the public image of theforce policemen, and to pressurefor more equa­ Renewal demonstr~tions human relations with a "free hand" to institute his pro­ - for the liberals, but they failed to tible promotion within the force. Wilson cops informed us that the' 'word from the grams, designed not only to develop a change the content, the reality, for the cat supported their demands, but found that top is that policy is to arrest as many "reformed" image for Chicago's 10,000 on the street. While newspapers, national he in fact DID NOT have a free hand to activists as possible and put them away cops, but also to control the expected magazines like THE REPORTER, and make real one of the most blatant forms for the summer." increase in ghetto unrest. His programs Chicago cops themselves talk about Chi­ of liberal police control measures ­ The picture is clear, Wilson, Cook directed to the latter include: the estab­ cago having the ' 'best police force in the bring in more and more Negro cops, County Board of Commissioner's Presi­ lishment of teams to gather intelligence country," progressive police tactics, de­ promote them, and let them do the dirty dent Ogelvie, anda list ofother"notables" on youth gangs, integrated patrolcars, the signed to control people, have not proved work. (Chicago integrates its bureaucra­ , have just formed an organization to' 'pro­ cies, with a "Negro" at the head of the tect the rights of unsuspecting citizens:' War on Poverty, the Dept. of Public Aid The papers quoted one of their board and the Post Office.) What is important members as saying that the new outfit MAW SIT-IN STARTS RIOT about Wilson's replacement by career cop is "a counter to the ACLU." The state Conlisk, reported in the press as being legislature has passed a stop and frisk By Jean Tepperman We figured that there would be trouble "Daley's choice" andhaving"always been bill, a gun control law, and severalmeas­ BOSTON, MASS. - On June 2, 3, and that night, so we called in some menfrom close to the machine," is that THE ENE­ ures to limit picketing, parades, and the 4, the radio reported riots in a black the picket line' and asked them to si~ MY BELIEVES THAT IF LIBERAL-CO­ number of people allowed to assemble. neighborhood in Boston. The riots started in with us Friday night. OPTIVE POLICE CONTROL MEASURES They await governor Kerner's signature with a sit-in at the welfare office. WON'T WORK, THEN MAYBE REPRES­ or veto. He informed a delegation against Mrs. Carole Johnson, a Boston wel­ SION WILL. the picketing measures that he was con­ fare recipient, told us the story in a CHAIN DOORS cerned with picketingthat abuses the rights long distance telephone interview, Carole "When 5:00 came, we chained the doors of private citizens and asked us to con­ is a member of Mothers for Adequate of the office shut. The social workers REPRESSION sider the "emotional strain causedMayor Welfare (MAW), which has been organiz­ all ran up to the second floor, because While attempted reform measure may Daley's daughters when their home was' ing black and white welfare recipients 'the recipients have taken over the of­ have p!'evented some ghetto rebellions, picketed last year." in Boston for 2-1/2 years. She reported: fice.' Downstairs, the men stood around there have still been more each, year, and Pres,ented with this picture, the question "Thursday night about 40 women sat the chain and the women stood around this summer should be no exception. presenied the Movement here in Chicago in all night at the Grove Hall welfare the men so no one could get in or out. Open repression is on the upswing. Dur­ is how do we respond. We are not big, but office. We had a list of demands and said "Finally the police came. They tried to ing the blizzard there was mass looting the seeds of organization and conception we wouldn't leave until the demands were pull us off the chain, but we held on, on the westside, with cops responding ­ as to how to pull them together and make met. Ourdemands were: so they pushed the women away and only to intensify growing militancy - by them grow are as advanced as anywhere 1. An Affidavit system for getting on started attacking the men with riot clubs. mass arrests on "John Doe" warrants. in the country. There is increased work weU'are. It turned into a real fight - we were Recently (see last month's MOVEMENT) on the part of poor people's organizations . 2: That the department investigate be­ protecting ourselves against the cops. 150 cops busted up a rally of 300 black with gang kids - the future leadership. [ore they cut off checks. ..I threw my kids out the window to people attempting to change the name of People are digging in response to the 3. That the welfare director publicly some people in the crowd, then jumped Washington Park to Malcolm X Shabazz shift in emphasis from face-changing pub­ :>rder caseworkers to be respectful to out the window myself, because I had Park. In Englewood, a district commander lic relations measures, cooptive and liai­ recipients. to get them home. But the other people arranged through a minister a meeting son attempts to repression. We may be 4. That they take away the special cops stayed and were arrested. with black gang kids. The meeting ended too small to withstand it" but then again 3tationed in the welfare offices. "When they were taken outside, there up in the arrest of the gang kids. Police we may not and repression rp.ay break a 5. Every office should have agrievance were a lot of people standing around cars are now equipped with rifles and hel­ lot of people out. Much depends on what ::ommittee that cotild act qUickly to hear who could see the cops roughing up the mets. Police dogs are increasingly used people are doing other places.' ... lppeals and change caseworkers de­ people. They got anl!;ry about itand start­ ::isions. These committees must be at ed throwing rocks and pop bottles at least half recipients. the cops. There were about 45 arrests "The day after the sit-in the welfare aDd a lot of people hurt. Some of the guys jirector walked around ignoring us. We , who were Sitting-in were really beat up IiIAnT POSTERS! talked to a lot of recipients in the office, by the cops. It was the cops who started lnd got some more to sit-in with us. the riot by attacking us in the welfare (22 X 28 inches) advertisement office." MAW recipients are, not letting police M~LC=OLM brutality stop them. June 5 they went X to the mayor of Boston with their list of demands and insistedhe meetthemright $1.00 EACH. away. The mayor knows that a lot of people are angry about the way cops treat ONLY .75¢ people who want their rights. to Movement from THE FIRING LINE, 'Ub'C

fIr uc\'< 3nd audacious thought. .." r====?X;SUBSCRIBE TO THE MOVEMENT!' Issue 2: (still available in limited qua'.dties) Concentrates on the re­ NAME lationship between black power and the white radicaL ADDRESS

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