IN Bangladesh—Victims of Political Divisions of 70 Years Ago
SPRAWY NARODOWOŚCIOWE Seria nowa / NATIONALITIES AFFAIRS New series, 51/2019 DOI: 10.11649/sn.1912 Article No. 1912 AgNIESzkA kuczkIEwIcz-FRAś ‘STRANdEd PAkISTANIS’ IN BANgLAdESh—vIcTImS OF POLITIcAL dIvISIONS OF 70 yEARS AgO A b s t r a c t Nearly 300,000 Urdu-speaking Muslims, coming mostly from India’s Bihar, live today in Bangladesh, half of them in the makeshift camps maintained by the Bangladeshi government. After the division of the Subcontinent in 1947 they migrated to East Bengal (from 1955 known as East Pakistan), despite stronger cultural and linguistic ties (they were Urdu, not Ben- gali, speakers) connecting them with West Pakistan. In 1971, after East Pakistan became independent and Bangladesh was formed, these so-called ‘Biharis’ were placed by the authori- ties of the newly formed republic in the camps, from which they were supposed—and they hoped—to be relocated to Pa- kistan. However, over the next 20 years, only a small number of these people has actually been transferred. The rest of them are still inhabiting slum-like camps in former East Ben- ............................... gal, deprived of any citizenship and all related rights (to work, AGNIESZKA KUCZKIEWICZ-FRAŚ education, health care, insurance, etc.). The governments of Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków Pakistan and Bangladesh consistently refuse to take responsi- E-mail: atka.kuczkiewicz@yahoo.co.uk http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2990-9931 bility for their fate, incapable of making any steps that would eventually solve the complex problem of these people, also CITATION: Kuczkiewicz-Fraś, A. (2019). known as ‘stranded Pakistanis.’ The article explains historical ‘Stranded Pakistanis’ in Bangladesh – victims of political divisions of 70 years ago.
Tribute to Classical.... Page 4 SUNDAY, AUGUST 23, 2020 INTERNET EDITION : www.dailyexcelsior.com/sunday-magazine Power of Prayer ......Page 3 Encroached OLD JAMMU City Rajan Gandhi each at front and back entry gate of Women College Parade, another one again adjacent to electricity office Parade and Municipalities in India were established in the early 19th another one at Kachi Chawni Parking, all within three hun- century during colonial rule itself. The role of Municipalities dred meters, each one less than hundred meters apart. Most in India has remained controversial frequently at the cost of astonishing part is both Women College toilet complexes are quality of life of the citizens. But with passage of time numer- locked, one on Dogra Hall side for years now and one at ous steps in post independence era have been initiated, signif- Parade side waiting for official inauguration much before icant towards official urban planning initiatives to undertake lockdown. Astonishingly Dogra Hall Toilet Complex is built on planned development of towns and cities in the shape of footpath itself on this VIP Road. There is no footpath contin- enactment of the Delhi Development Act 1957 leading to uation after this toilet complex till Secretariat thereby risking establishment of the Delhi Development Authority, followed the lives of pedestrians especially at night when motorists are by establishment of about 300 development authorities for as just blinded by lights of vehicles coming from opposite end many cities or launching of the national scheme such as and pedestrians have no choice except to walk on road. Since IDSMT in the Sixth FYP (1980-85), intended to address criti- this toilet is locked for years now it's better to dismantle it and cal development needs of small and medium towns or publi- clear path for pedestrian.
· PRG. 110. A. (N) 700 . CENSUS OF INDIA 1961 VOLUME VI JAMMU AND KASHMIR PART I-A (i) GENERAL REPORT M. H. KAMILI Superintendent 01 Census Operations Jammu and Kashmir 1968 PRINTED IN INDIA AT BROCA'S ARTISTIC PRESS, AMIRAKADAL, SR1NAGAR, KASHMIR AND PUBLISHED BY THE MANAGER OF PUBLICATIONS, DELHI-8 Price: Rs. 20.50 or 47 Sh. 10 d. or $ 7.38 z z 0;t . ft: -~ :I: tI) UJ <C > ... ~ C l~ Z ll) <C Z ~o .« -lI!, \ ~ V c;, II. THE 1961 CENSUS PUBUCATIONS Part I General Report on the Census (the present book) I-A G~neral Report including appendix to table A-IV giving the constitution of each urban area for 1961 I-B Report on Vital Statistics of the decade I-C General Report (Subsidiary Tables) Part II State Census Tables (including Union Tables for the State) on population II-A General Population Tables (A-Series) for the State and Primary Census Abstract, including appendix to table A-IV II-B Economic Tables (B-Series, Tables I-IX) for the State down to District and all Cities and Town-groups of and above 100,000 population II-C Cultural and Migration Tables (C and D Series) for the State down to District arid all Cities and Town-groups of and above 100,000 populatIon Part III Household Economic Tables (based no Household Schedules) Part IV Housing and Establishment Tables (E-Series) including Subsidiary Tables and Report on Housing and Establishment Tables Part V Special Tables for Scheduled Castes (SCT and SC Tables) V-A Special Tables on Scheduled Castes 'as well as reprints from old Census Reports on Castes and Tribes V-B Ethnographic notes - on Scheduled Castes and backward classes Part VI Village Survey Monographs (each monograph will carry a sub-number 1,2,3, etc.) Part VII Survey of Handicrafts of the State consisting of Tables for the State, District, Tehsil, monographs on individual crafts and general lists of location, master craftsmen, etc.
SUNDAY, MARCH 19, 2017 (PAGE 4) MOVIE-REVIEW HERITAGE Royals and Ruins Not much about Machine Aruditya Jasrotia Eberhard Fischer have written a book “Nainsukh of A concerted effort to preserve our heritage is a Guler: A Great Indian Painter from a Small Hill-State”. MACHINE is essentially a love story (written which mars the film in a big way. The film’s screenplay This book glorifies the importance and magnificence of by Sanjeev Kaul) which happens amidst the does not offer anything new and lands up following the vital link to our cultural legacies and it literally the Nainsukh painting style. same path which had been adopted by many films till date. At this time hardly anyone goes to see the beautiful greed for money and mysterious circum- makes us who we are. People tend to believe The weak script also lands up making the film all style and that to be modern you have to disengage from fort which is holding a number of beautiful artworks on stances. The film starts off in picturesque no substance. There’s no denying the fact that the film’s its walls. The condition of the fort is pitiful and brings the North India, with the introduction of the writing could have been notches higher. The film’s dia- your heritage, but it’s not true. feeling of hollowness to the visitors. The walls are falling logues besides being devoid of one liners, are very average one by one, roofs have collapsed, vegetation has taken extremely helpful Saira Thapar (Kiara One of the important heritages of Jammu which is and fail to leave an impression.
Prostitution, Traffic in Women and the Politics of Dogra Raj: the Case of Kashmir Valley (1846-1947)
Journal of Society in Kashmir PROSTITUTION, TRAFFIC IN WOMEN AND THE POLITICS OF DOGRA RAJ: THE CASE OF KASHMIR VALLEY (1846-1947) SHIRAZ AHMAD DAR Department of History, University of Delhi, New Delhi Email: shirazahmadd@gmail.com YOUNUS RASHID SHAH Department of History, Kashmir University, Srinagar Email: youniszaha@gmail.com (Abstract) ‘Prostitution’ describes sexual intercourse in exchange for remuneration. While society attempts to normalize prostitution on a variety of levels, prostituted women are subjected to violence and abuse at the hands of paying ‘clients’. For the vast majority of prostituted women, ‘prostitution is the experience of being hunted, dominated, harassed, assaulted and battered’ (Farley & Kelly 2000: 29). The global forces that ‘choose’ women for prostitution include, among others, gender discrimination, race discrimination, poverty, abandonment, debilitating sexual and verbal abuse, poor or no education, and a job that does not pay a living wage (Farley, 2006:102-03). Prostitution as the subject of historical concern has received surprisingly little attention from modern historians working on Kashmir. Surprisingly, political historians have seen little connection between prostitution, traffic in women and the business of politics and governance. The present paper seeks to study the lives of ‘prostitutes’ in relation to the social and political developments in the beautiful valley of Kashmir under Dogra autocracy (1846-1947). Keywords: Politics: Prostitution; Women Trafficking; Dogras Summary The class of prostitutes,
An Analysis of the Formation of Modern State of Jammu and Kashmir
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2016 153 ISSN 2250-3153 State Formation in Colonial India: An Analysis of the Formation of Modern State of Jammu and Kashmir Sameer Ahmad Bhat ⃰ ⃰ Centre of Advanced Study, Department of History, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, India, 202002. Abstract- Nationalist and Marxist historiography in India have and Kashmir is formed by the signing of treaty of Amritsar tended to assume that the British colonial politics of land tenure, between Maharaja Gulab Singh and the British taxation and commercialisation which led the conditions for the 4.1. 1— Origin of Dogra Dynasty in Kashmir: formation the princely states in Indian Sub-continent. According The Dogras were Indo- Aryan ethnic group of people who to the available literature, there were about 565 princely states in inhabited, the hilly country between the rivers Chenab and Sutlej, Colonial India and their administration was run by the British originally between Chenab and Ravi. According to one account through their appointed agents. Among these princely states, the term ‘Dogra’ is said to be derived from the Sanskrit words Kashmir, Hyderabad and Junagarh were the important Princely Do and Garth, “meaning two lakes. The names Dugar and Dogra states. At the time of partition and independence all these states are now applied to the whole area in the outer hills between the were given the choice either to accede to India or to Pakistan or Ravi and the Chenab, but this use of term is probably of recent to remain independent. The foundation of Kashmir as a modern origin and dates only from the time when the tract came under state was laid by the treaty of Amritsar, signed on 16th March the supremacy of Jammu.
Socio-Economic Development During Sheikh Abdullah's
International Journal of Management and Applied Science, ISSN: 2394-7926 Volume-4, Issue-7, Jul.-2018 http://iraj.in SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DURING SHEIKH ABDULLAH’S PERIOD MOHD. IQBAL WANI PhD. Researcher, Research Centre: - Govt. Hamidia Arts & Commerce College Bhopal (M.P) University, Bharkatullah University Bhopal M.P. E-mail: iqbalwani838383@gmail.com I. INTRODUCTION For this purpose a National Industrial Council is to be set up. About transport manifesto said that anything Sheikh Abdullah (5th December 1905-8th September done for the regeneration of the country must plan 1982) was a Kashmiri politician who played a central simultaneous development of the means of role in the politics of Jammu & Kashmir, the communication and transport. Hence it was proposed northernmost Indian state. The self-styled “ Shere- top set up a National Communications Council Kashmir” (Lion of Kashmir), Abdullah was the consisting of engineering experts and economic founding leader of the Jammu and Kashmir National advisers. The distribution system being the “vital Conference and the 2nd Prime Minister of Princely cornerstone of any planned economy”, it was state J&K and 4th Chief Minister of Jammu and proposed to establish the National Marketing Council Kashmir. He agitated against the rule of the Maharaja costing of business experts and economic advisers. Hari Singh and urged self-rule for Kashmir. On the The National Public Health Council was suggested to last day of Oct 1947 Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah be established for safeguarding the health of the who had led the people of Jammu and Kashmir to citizens. This would propose that every, 1,500 people revolt against serfdom for nearly two decades was will have a doctor, every village a medical attendant, charged to deal with the emergency which had starting of a medical college, encouragement of both suddenly arisen as a result of Pakistan invasion of the Ayurvedic and Union systems of medicines.
Report on 120 Days 5Th August to 5Th December by Association Of
120 Days 5th August to 5th December Table of Contents About APDP 2 Acknowledgements 3 Executive Summary 5 Introduction 6 Abrogation of 370 9 Detentions and Torture 15 Media, Journalism and Communication 23 Access to Healthcare 32 Education and Children 42 Essential Commodities and Barrier to Trade 53 Impact on Religious Freedom 58 Access to Justice 65 Annexure 83 1 Association of Parents of Disappeared Persons (APDP) Association of Parents of Disappeared Persons (APDP) is a collective of relatives of victims of enforced and involuntary disappearances in Kashmir. The APDP was formed in 1994 to organize efforts to seek justice and get information on the whereabouts of missing family members. It presently consists of family members of about one thousand victims. APDP actively campaigns for an end to the practice and crime of involuntary and enforced disappearances at local, national and international platforms. Members of the APDP have been engaged in documenting enforced disappearances in Kashmir since 1989 and have collected information on over one thousand such cases, so far. On the 10th of each month families of the disappeared come together under the aegis of APDP to hold a public protest in Srinagar to commemorate the disappearance of their loved ones and to seek answers from the state about the whereabouts of the missing persons. In light of the recent human rights violation APDP has taken the decision to come forward and bring notice to the current situation. 2 Acknowledgement This report is a result of tireless and bold efforts put in by people from various backgrounds. The report was edited by Shahid Malik, and compiled by Sukriti Khurana and Aarash.
3Rupture in South Asia While the 1950s had seen UNHCR preoccupied with events in Europe and the 1960s with events in Africa following decolonization, the 1970s saw a further expansion of UNHCR’s activities as refugee problems arose in the newly independent states. Although UNHCR had briefly been engaged in assisting Chinese refugees in Hong Kong in the 1950s, it was not until the 1970s that UNHCR became involved in a large-scale relief operation in Asia. In the quarter of a century after the end of the Second World War, virtually all the previously colonized countries of Asia obtained independence. In some states this occurred peacefully,but for others—including Indonesia and to a lesser extent Malaysia and the Philippines—the struggle for independence involved violence. The most dramatic upheaval, however, was on the Indian sub-continent where communal violence resulted in partition and the creation of two separate states—India and Pakistan—in 1947. An estimated 14 million people were displaced at the time, as Muslims in India fled to Pakistan and Hindus in Pakistan fled to India. Similar movements took place on a smaller scale in succeeding years. Inevitably, such a momentous process produced strains and stresses in the newly decolonized states. Many newly independent countries found it difficult to maintain democratic political systems, given the economic problems which they faced, political challenges from the left and the right, and the overarching pressures of the Cold War. In several countries in Asia, the army seized political power in a wave of coups which began a decade or so after independence.