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Middle-Late Permian Radiolarians from the Guangyuan-Shangsi Area, Sichuan Province, China

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Middle-Late Permian Radiolarians from the Guangyuan-Shangsi Area, Sichuan Province, China Journal of Geosciences, Osaka City University Vol. 42, Art. 5, p.69-83, March, 1999 Middle-Late Permian Radiolarians from the Guangyuan-Shangsi Area, Sichuan Province, China YAO Akira and KUWAHARA Kiyoko Department of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558­ 8585, Japan Abstract The Middle - Late Permian radiolarian fossils on the Yangzi Platform were examined in the Changjianggou section of the Guangyuan - Shangsi area, Sichuan Province, China. On the basis of the characteristic radiolarian species, the upper part of the Maokou Formation of this area is correlated with the Pseudoalbaillella globosa Assemblage Zone, and the upper part of the Dalong Formation may correspond to the Neoalbaillella optima Assemblage Zone of South­ west Japan. The faunal features of both the Middle and Upper Permian in this section are characterized by a small number of species of Albaillellaria, Entactinaria, and Spumellaria. It is considered that the faunal difference between that of the Yangzi Platform and Southwest Japan is dependent on the depth of the sedimentary site of the radiolarian-bearing deposits in each area. One species of Neoalbaillella from the upper part of the upper Upper Permian Dalong Formation is described as a new species. Key words: Middle - Late Permian, Permian I Triassic boundary, Radiolaria, Guangyuan - Shangsi area, China in stratigraphically continuous bedded chert sections, and the Introduction Upper Permian radiolarian biostratigraphy has been revised (Kuwahara et aI., 1998). The Late Permian radiolarian fau­ The Guangyuan - Shangsi area is located on the north­ nal analysis has also been carried out in Japan since the 1990's. western margin of the Sichuan basin, and is about 230 km Kuwahara and Yao (1998) have made clear the faunal feature northeast of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China (Fig. 1). The of Late Permian radiolarians, which is represented by high area is on the northwestern margin of the Yangzi Platform. diversity of specific composition. These radiolarians repre­ The Permian and Triassic strata of shallow marine facies are sent the low latitudinal pelagic fauna of Panthalassa. widely distributed in the area (Fig. 2). These strata yield many various macro- and microfossils. These fossils represent the shallow marine faunas of the eastern margin of the Paleo­ -~----.--........__ ._---~ ...-,-- Tethys during Permian-Triassic time. On the basis of bio­ stratigraphical studies, the stratigraphic relationship between the Permian and the Triassic is conformable in the area (Li et aI., 1989). However, detailed radiolarian biostratigraphical study and radiolarian faunal analysis have not yet been car­ ried out in this area. In the Guizhou and Guangxi areas, the occurrence of Late Paleozoic radiolarians was preliminarily reported from shallow marine sediments on the Yangzi Plat­ CHINA form by Yao et al. (1993). On the other hand, the study of Permian radiolarians has progressed rapidly in Southwest Japan since the 1980's. In 500km the early stage, the outline of Permian radiolarian biostrati­ graphy was set up mainly in bedded chert sequences of the Tamba - Mino Terrane (e.g. Ishiga, 1990). Subsequently, the Fig. I. Index map of the Guangyuan-Shangsi area, Sichuan Prov­ biostratigraphy has been re-examined by detailed researches ince, China. 70 Middle-Late Permian Radiolarians from the Guangyuan-Shangsi Area. Sichuan Province. China ...................... r---------t.:::::: :. :-..-----r=--r--t:::::::::::_·:. Jurassic Triassic Permian 5 km Pre-Permian Fig. 2. Geological sketch map of the Guangyuan-Shangsi area (after Li et al.. 1989) showing the locality of the Changjianggou section. From the above-mentioned present status of Permian ra­ E and dipping 30° to 40° SE in the section. On the basis of diolarian study, it is first important to analyze the radiolarian studies on this section by Li et al. (1989) and the present au­ faunal composition in the reliably age-determined sediments thors, the lithofacies and paleontologic data are briefly sum­ based on other index fossils. Fortunately, the Changjianggou marized below (Fig. 3; Table 1). section is reliably age-determined by ammonoids, bivalves The Maokou Formation consists mainly of gray limestone and conodonts. Moreover, it is necessary to clarify the dif­ beds with thin chert layers and chert nodules (Fig. 4A), and ference of radiolarian faunal composition between the Yangzi the beds are partly silicified and dolomitized. This formation Platform and Southwest Japan. In this paper, we will report abundantly yields fossils of fusulinaceans, smaller foramini­ the occurrence of Middle to Late Permian radiolarians from fers, brachiopods, bivalves, conodonts, and radiolarians. the Changjianggou section and discuss their ages and faunal The Wangpo Formation is represented by thin beds (total features. thickness: 2 - 3 m) of claystone with fossils of gastropods and bivalves. The relationship between the Maokou and Geologic setting Wangpo Formations is paraconformable. The Wujiaping Formation (total thickness: 59 m), which The Paleozoic and Mesozoic on the Yangzi Platform have conformably overlies the Wangpo Formation, is mainly com­ many well-preserved stratigraphic records. The Chang­ posed of gray, bedded micritic limestone beds with chert lay­ jianggou section is especially well known as the complete ers and chert nodules. This formation yields fusulinacean boundary section between the Permian and Triassic (Wignall fossils, Codonojusiella kueichoensis Sheng (Beds 6 and 10) et aI., 1995). According to Li et al. (1989), the Changjianggou and C. asiatica Maclay, C. simplex Yang and others (Bed 9). section is composed of continuous sedimentary sequences of Other fossils, such as brachiopods, ostracods, smaller fora­ the Maokou Formation (Beds I to 3; the upper Middle Per­ minifers, and conodonts, are abundantly included in this for­ mian), the Wangpo Formation (Bed 4), the Wujiaping For­ mation. mation (Beds 5 to to; the lower Upper Permian), the Dalong The Dalong Formation consists of 42 m of well-bedded Formation (Beds 11 to 27c; the upper Upper Permian) and micritic limestone, siliceous claystone, carbonaceous mud­ the Lower Member of the Feixianguan Formation (Beds 28 stone and radiolarite. Beds 16 to 27c of this formation abun­ to 51 ; the lower Lower Triassic), in ascending order. These dantly yield some species of ammonoids (Fig. 4B), and espe­ formations make a homoclinal structure striking N 40°- 50° cially many species belonging to Pseudotirolites, YAO Akira and KUWAHARA l(jyoko 71 () I I en I en I R256 I <{ I 28 I I a:: I t- ------- -- - --- -' R255 ~~R246~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-------------~ Ioo----r- R254 R245 I R~4 W ~ ____ R253 ~ R231------------------, I R252 """-16-77'L...- R236 : I I R244 I R251 V7)'777.~ R235 : ~ 15 R234 : 19 R243 ~ 14 R233 : R242 ~ R250 13 R232 : ~ R228-231 : ~ 11 R249 t----1~-~'Jl..r~"""",:JJ'...4' R227 I R231: \ 22 R248 R226 ~ \ R241 \ I R230 I I R225 I I R240 I I 11' , ~ R247 R224 \ R229 R239 \ 21 z I R228 I I « R223 I I 18 I ~ ~ c: \ 10 1 \ R238'- w ~~II--R222 I a.. r.....-~.~_R221 I I I R220 I R237 I R219 I R218 R217 I; ~~ER216 ,. t R215 R214 R213 ~ R212 mudstone R211 IIllIID claystone with coal seam R210 R209 _limestone I I E I I ~ micritic limestone o ~ micritic 1st, carbonaceous C\J E-R208 ~ mst and radiolarite O1angjianggou Fig. 3. Column of the Changjianggou ection in the Guangyuan-Shangsi area. Pleuronodoceras, Pernodoceras, Pseudogastrioceras, is composed mainly of mudstone and limestone beds, con­ Pachydiscoceras, Changsingoceras, Chaotianoceras, formably overlies the Dalong Formation (Fig. 4C-E). The Rotodiscoceras, and Qianjiangoceras have been found in Bed boundary between these two formations corresponds to the 22. Other fossils, such as brachiopods, bivalves, rugo as, Permian / Triassic boundary. The lowermost part (Beds 28 smaller foraminifers, and conodonts are also obtained from and 29) of the Lower Member consists of thin bedded yel­ this formation. The uppermost part (Bed 27c: Fig. 4E) of this low-green mudstone, and yields conodont fossils, Clarkina formation includes conodont fossils, Clarkina subcarinata subcarinata Sweet, C. changxingensis Wang and Wang, weet and C. changxingensis Wang and Wang, and ammo­ Anchignathodus decresens Dai and Zhang, and A. minutus nite ?Huananoceras sp. (Ellison)(Bed 29), and bivalve fossils, Claraia wangi Patte The Lower Member of the Feixianguan Formation, which and C. griesbachi (Bittner). 72 Middle-Late Permian Radiolarians from the Guangyuan-Shangsi Area, Sichuan Province, China Table 1. Occurrence of microfossils in the Changjianggou section. ro~ (1) § ~ ..... ro (1) ...c: 'C '2 ro c: ~ Bed Sample ro (1) 0 Formation Lithofacies 0 (1) '§ OJ:) N "8 "0 0 c: 0 ..... No. No. ro c: 0 c: ...c: :.a ~ 0 :.a CI:l ro 0 0.. C 0 ~ (..I.. r/) co ~ u u: R259 gray mudstone layer (1 cm) 29 R258 greenish mudstone layer (4 cm) Feixianguan R257 brownish mudstone layer (20 cm) 28 R256 yellowish mudstone and acidic tuff layer (3 cm) 27 R255 gray mudstone layer (4 cm) 26 R254 gray silicified limestone layer (2 cm) + + + R253 gray silicified limestone layer (3 cm) + 24 R252 gray silicified limestone layer (2 cm) R251 gray silicified limestone layer (5 cm) + R250 gray chert layer (2 cm) + + 22 R249 gray chert layer (2 cm) + + R248 gray-white chert nodule (5 cm) in limestone R247 gray-white chert nodule (5 cm) in limestone + + 21 R246 gray chert nodule (20 cm) in limestone + + 20 R245 gray chert layer (2 cm) in limestone + + R244 black muddy limestone layer (4 cm) +
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