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Spatiotemporal Changes and the Driving Forces of Sloping Farmland Areas in the Sichuan Region
sustainability Article Spatiotemporal Changes and the Driving Forces of Sloping Farmland Areas in the Sichuan Region Meijia Xiao 1 , Qingwen Zhang 1,*, Liqin Qu 2, Hafiz Athar Hussain 1 , Yuequn Dong 1 and Li Zheng 1 1 Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; [email protected] (M.X.); [email protected] (H.A.H.); [email protected] (Y.D.); [email protected] (L.Z.) 2 State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-10-82106031 Received: 12 December 2018; Accepted: 31 January 2019; Published: 11 February 2019 Abstract: Sloping farmland is an essential type of the farmland resource in China. In the Sichuan province, livelihood security and social development are particularly sensitive to changes in the sloping farmland, due to the region’s large portion of hilly territory and its over-dense population. In this study, we focused on spatiotemporal change of the sloping farmland and its driving forces in the Sichuan province. Sloping farmland areas were extracted from geographic data from digital elevation model (DEM) and land use maps, and the driving forces of the spatiotemporal change were analyzed using a principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that, from 2000 to 2015, sloping farmland decreased by 3263 km2 in the Sichuan province. The area of gently sloping farmland (<10◦) decreased dramatically by 1467 km2, especially in the capital city, Chengdu, and its surrounding areas. -
Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region, China
Journal of Palaeogeography 2014, 3(4): 384-409 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1261.2014.00063 Lithofacies palaeogeography and sedimentology Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region, China Jin-Xiong Luo*, You-Bin He, Rui Wang School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China Abstract The lithofacies palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in Middle and Upper Yangtze Region was studied based on petrography and the “single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping” method. The Upper Permian Wujiaping Stage in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region is mainly composed of carbonate rocks and clastic rocks, with lesser amounts of siliceous rocks, pyroclastic rocks, volcanic rocks and coal. The rocks can be divided into three types, including clastic rock, clastic rock-limestone and lime- stone-siliceous rock, and four fundamental ecological types and four fossil assemblages are recognized in the Wujiaping Stage. Based on a petrological and palaeoecological study, six single factors were selected, namely, thickness (m), content (%) of marine rocks, content (%) of shallow water carbonate rocks, content (%) of biograins with limemud, content (%) of thin- bedded siliceous rocks and content (%) of deep water sedimentary rocks. Six single factors maps of the Wujiaping Stage and one lithofacies palaeogeography map of the Wujiaping Age were composed. Palaeogeographic units from west to east include an eroded area, an alluvial plain, a clastic rock platform, a carbonate rock platform where biocrowds developed, a slope and a basin. In addition, a clastic rock platform exists in the southeast of the study area. Hydro- carbon source rock and reservoir conditions were preliminarily analyzed based on lithofacies palaeogeography. -
Challenges and Countermeasures of Tourism
International Conference on Social Science and Technology Education (ICSSTE 2015) Challenges and Countermeasures of Regional Tourism Cooperation Development Strategy of Sichuan-Shanxi-Gansu Golden Triangle Area,Western China Qin Jianxiong1 Zhang Minmin1 1 College of tourism and historic culture, Southwest University For Natianalities, Chengdu, 610041 Abstract visitors can explore in this line up and down five SSGGTA triangle of three provinces , dependent thousand years of culture, enjoy the mystery of Qinba [1] landscape, folk customs are similar, for the first time landscape . These tourism resources in Chongqing, since the 2002 held in Bazhong of SSGGTA triangle area Chengdu, Xi'an, Lanzhou, Wuhan five source among SSGGTA triangle tourism cooperation zone is composed tourism cooperation will be signed in SSGGTA triangle of Sichuan Bazhong, Guangyuan, Dazhou and Shanxi tourism, build "Golden Triangle" cooperation agreement, Hanzhoung, Ankang three provinces and five to 2005 has successively held 3 annual meeting. The goal municipalities, carry out cooperation in the past 3 years, of cooperation is through the sincere cooperation of the three provinces and five municipalities in the propaganda, three provinces, the formation of regional tourism build mutual interaction, line group, strategic planning collaboration regular contact system, the characteristics of consensus interaction and so on has made significant tourism products, the formation of regional joint progress, regional cooperation has been fully affirmed the promotion,a barrier free Tourism Zone, to realize the two provincial government and support. Sichuan North Sichuan area has been the focus of tourism development sustainable development of Shanxi tourism in Golden in the province, tourism development, Shanxi will also Triangle. -
Since the Reform and Opening Up1 1
Int. Statistical Inst.: Proc. 58th World Statistical Congress, 2011, Dublin (Session CPS020) p.6378 Research of Acceleration Urbanization Impacts on Resources and Environment in Sichuan Province Caimo,Teng National Bureau of Statistics of China, Survey Organizations of Sichuan No.31, the East Route, Qingjiang Road Chengdu, China, 610072 E-mail: [email protected] Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of economic society and the rise ceaselessly of urbanization in Sichuan play an important role for material civilization and spiritual civilization, but also bring influence for resources and environment, this paper give an in-depth analysis about this. Ⅰ. The Main Characteristics of the Urbanization Development in Sichuan The reflection of urbanization in essence is from the industry cluster to population cluster., we tend to divided the process of urbanization into four stages, 1949-1978 is the first stage, 1978 – 1990 is the second stage, 1990 -2000 is the third stage, After the year of 2000 is the fourth stage. In view the particularities of the first phase, this paper researches mainly after three stages. 1. The level of the urbanization enhances unceasingly. With the reform and opening-up and the rapid development of social economy, the urbanization in Sichuan has significant achievements. The average annual growth of the level of urbanization is 0.8 percent in the twelve years of the second stage. The average annual growth in the third stage and the four stages is individually 0.5 and 1.3 percentage. The average annual growth of urbanization in the fourth stage is faster respectively 0.5 and 0.8 percent than the previous two stages which reflects obviously the rapid rise of the urbanization after the fourth stage in Sichuan. -
Field Investigation on Industrial Buildings in Mianyang District and Some
th The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China Field Investigation on Industrial Buildings in Mianyang District and Some Advices on Post-earthquake Rehabilitation and Seismic Design 1 2 HU Kongguo and WANG Yanke 1 Senior Engineer, Structure Evaluation &Strengthening Div.,China Electronics Engineering Design Institute, Beijing, China 2 Engineer, Structure Evaluation &Strengthening Div., China Electronics Engineering Design Institute, Beijing ,China Email:[email protected],[email protected] ABSTRACT : The 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake has caused a huge loss to the lives of Sichuan people and their properties. Immediately after the earthquake, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China sent an earthquake loss investigation team to arrive at the five regions heavily hit by the earthquake, namely Chengdu, Deyang, Mianyang, Guangyuan and Yaan, etc., to investigate the damages to industrial buildings and equipment as well as the loss of human lives. This paper only deals with the damages to the industrial buildings caused by this earthquake, which also includes the post-quake reinforcement and retrofitting proposals as well as advices on the seismic design of industrial buildings to be built in this region in the future. KEYWORDS: Field Damage Investigation; Industrial Buildings; Post-earthquake Rehabilitation 1. OVERVIEW OF DAMAGE TO INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS IN MIANYANG CITY CAUSED BY THE EARTHQUKE With a jurisdiction over two districts, one city and six counties and a total area of 20,000km2 and a population of 5.29 million, Mianyang City features six major industrial sectors such as electronics and information, metallurgy, automobile and auto part, building material, bio-pharmacy and foodstuff as well as textile, etc. -
The Origin and Spread of CRF85 BC, Driven by Heterosexual
Su et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2020) 20:772 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05488-4 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access The origin and spread of CRF85_BC, driven by heterosexual transmission among older people in Sichuan, China Ling Su1, Yi Feng2, Shu Liang1, Yali Zeng1, Yiping Li1, Hong Yang1,LiYe1, Qiushi Wang1, Dongbin Wei1, Dan Yuan1, Wenhong Lai1 and Linglin Zhang1* Abstract Background: CRF_BC recombinants, including CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC, were considered the predominant subtypes in China. Since the discovery of HIV-1 circulating recombinant form CRF 85_BC in Southwest China in 2016, this BC recombinant forms had been reported in different regions of China. However, the history and magnitude of CRF85_BC transmission were still to be investigated. Method: We conducted the most recent molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among newly reported HIV-1 infected patients in Sichuan in 2019 by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 1291 pol sequences. Then, we used maximum likelihood approach and the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling of pol sequences to reconstruct the phylogeographic and demographic dynamics of the CRF85_BC. Results: HIV-1 CRF85_BC (68/1291, 5.27%) became the fourth most prevalent strain revealing a significant increase in local population. CRF85_BC were only found in heterosexually infected individuals and the majority of CRF85_BC (95.45%) were circulating among the people living with HIV aged 50 years and over (PLHIV50+), suggesting a unique prevalent pattern. The founder lineages of CRF85_BC were likely to have first emerged in Yunnan, a province of Southwest China bordering Sichuan, in the early 2000s. It then spread exponentially to various places (including Guangxi, Sichuan, et al) and became endemic around 2008.6 (2006.7–2010.2) in Sichuan. -
The Survey on the Distribution of MC Fei and Xiao Initial Groups in Chinese Dialects
IALP 2020, Kuala Lumpur, Dec 4-6, 2020 The Survey on the Distribution of MC Fei and Xiao Initial Groups in Chinese Dialects Yan Li Xiaochuan Song School of Foreign Languages, School of Foreign Languages, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an, China /Henan Agricultural University e-mail: [email protected] Xi’an/Zhengzhou, China e-mail:[email protected] Abstract — MC Fei 非 and Xiao 晓 initial group discussed in this paper includes Fei 非, Fu groups are always mixed together in the southern 敷 and Feng 奉 initials, but does not include Wei part of China. It can be divided into four sections 微, while MC Xiao 晓 initial group includes according to the distribution: the northern area, the Xiao 晓 and Xia 匣 initials. The third and fourth southwestern area, the southern area, the class of Xiao 晓 initial group have almost southeastern area. The mixing is very simple in the palatalized as [ɕ] which doesn’t mix with Fei northern area, while in Sichuan it is the most initial group. This paper mainly discusses the first extensive and complex. The southern area only and the second class of Xiao and Xia initials. The includes Hunan and Guangxi where ethnic mixing of Fei and Xiao initials is a relatively minorities gather, and the mixing is very recent phonetic change, which has no direct complicated. Ancient languages are preserved in the inheritance with the phonological system of southeastern area where there are still bilabial Qieyun. The mixing mainly occurs in the southern sounds and initial consonant [h], but the mixing is part of the mainland of China. -
Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway Development – Resettlement Action Plan Monitoring Report No
Resettlement Monitoring Report Project Number: 35354 April 2010 PRC: Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway Development – Resettlement Action Plan Monitoring Report No. 1 Prepared by: CIECC Overseas Consulting Co., Ltd Beijing, PRC For: Ministry of Railways This report has been submitted to ADB by the Ministry of Railways and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2005). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. The People’s Republic of China ADB Loan Lanzhou—Chongqing RAILWAY PROJECT EXTERNAL MONITORING & EVALUATION OF RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN Report No.1 Prepared by CIECC OVERSEAS CONSULTING CO.,LTD April 2010 Beijing 10 ADB LOAN EXTERNAL Monitoring Report– No. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE 4 OVERVIEW..................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. PROJECT BRIEF DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................7 2. PROJECT AND RESETTLEMENT PROGRESS ................................................................................................10 2.1 PROJECT PROGRESS ...............................................................................................................................10 2.2 LAND ACQUISITION, HOUSE DEMOLITION AND RESETTLEMENT PROGRESS..................................................10 3. MONITORING AND EVALUATION .................................................................................................................14 -
The Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Rainstorm Disaster in Sichuan Province Over the Past Decade
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2017, 5, 1-9 http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep ISSN Online: 2327-4344 ISSN Print: 2327-4336 The Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Rainstorm Disaster in Sichuan Province over the Past Decade Jie Gao1,2, Jianhua Pan1, Mingtian Wang1, Shanyun Guo1 1Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Chengdu, China 2Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China How to cite this paper: Gao, J., Pan, J.H., Abstract Wang, M.T. and Guo, S.Y. (2017) The Spatial and Temporal Distribution Charac- The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of rainstorm disaster in teristics of Rainstorm Disaster in Sichuan Sichuan Province were investigated by statistical analysis method based on Province over the Past Decade. Journal of 2002-2015 rainstorm disaster data of Sichuan Province. As shown by the re- Geoscience and Environment Protection, 5, 1-9. sults, the rainstorm disaster in Sichuan Province was distributed mainly in https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2017.58001 four regions including Liangshan Prefecture and Sichuan Basin during 2002-2015, and the rainstorm disaster distribution had a good corresponding Received: March 29, 2017 Accepted: July 16, 2017 relationship with the rainstorm center regions; in terms of annual variation Published: July 19, 2017 trend, the variation of rainstorm disaster frequency showed a significant qua- si-2-3-year oscillation period; in terms of monthly distribution, June, July and Copyright © 2017 by authors and August saw the heaviest rainstorms; the high death toll from rainstorms was Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative attributed to not only routine rainfall, occurrence time and terrain feature, but Commons Attribution International also the populace’s awareness of disaster prevention and the disaster preven- License (CC BY 4.0). -
Sichuan Earthquake
Investigation of the Effect of the May 2008 Earthquake on Bridges in China Original presentation in China by Dr. Banfu Yan of Hunan University, Changsha, China Presentation modified in Canada by Dr. Atab Mufti, Dr. Baidar Bakht & Mr. Walter Saltzberg Translation of Dr. Yan’s presentation done by Mr. Cheng Zhang, M.Sc. Candidate and Mr. Walter Saltzberg ISIS Consultant University of Manitoba Investigation of Earthquake‐damaged Bridges in Guangyuan, Mianyang, and Deyang, Sichuan Province Pictures of earthquake damage: May, 2008 by Dr. Banfu Yan of Hunan University Research Assistance: C. Zhang and M. Nayeem Uddin, MSc.Students, University of Manitoba Information About Sichuan Province Administration type: Province Capital: Chengdu (and largest city) Area: 485,000 km2 (187,000 sq mi) (5th) Population (2004) 87,250,000 (3rd) ‐Density 180 /km2 (470 /sq mi) (22nd) GDP (2006) CNY 863.8 billion (9th) ‐ Per capita CNY 10,574 (25th) Industrial Base Agriculture / Auto ‐ Aerospace Manufacture Picture from Wikipedia ‐ Tectonic plates dividing the surface of the earth. Indian Plate Movement Indian Plate Movement ¾It is currently moving northeast at 5 cm/yr (2) in/yr, while the Eurasian Plate is moving north at only 2 cm/yr (0.8 in/yr) ¾It has covered a distance of 2,000 to 3,000 km (1,200 to 1,900 mi) in last 55 million years ¾It moves faster than any other known plate ¾This is causing the Eurasian Plate to deform, and the Indian Plate to compress The Cause of Sichuan Earthquake The convergence of the two plates is broadly accommodated by the uplift of the Asian highlands. -
China's Fissile Material Production and Stockpile
China’s Fissile Material Production and Stockpile Hui Zhang Research Report No. 17 International Panel on Fissile Materials China’s Fissile Material Production and Stockpile Hui Zhang 2017 International Panel on Fissile Materials This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution – Noncommercial License To view a copy of this license, visit www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 On the cover: The map shows fissile material production sites in China. Table of Contents About IPFM 1 Overview 2 Introduction 4 HEU production and inventory 7 Plutonium production and inventory 20 Summary 36 About the author 37 Endnotes 38 About the IPFM The International Panel on Fissile Materials (IPFM) was founded in January 2006. It is an independent group of arms-control and nonproliferation experts from seventeen countries, including both nuclear weapon and non-nuclear weapon states. The mission of the IPFM is to analyze the technical bases for practical and achievable policy initiatives to secure, consolidate, and reduce stockpiles of highly enriched urani- um and plutonium. These fissile materials are the key ingredients in nuclear weapons, and their control is critical to nuclear disarmament, halting the proliferation of nuclear weapons, and ensuring that terrorists do not acquire nuclear weapons. Both military and civilian stocks of fissile materials have to be addressed. The nuclear weapon states still have enough fissile materials in their weapon and naval fuel stock- piles for tens of thousands of nuclear weapons. On the civilian side, enough plutonium has been separated to make a similarly large number of weapons. Highly enriched ura- nium fuel is used in about one hundred research reactors. -
Prenatal and Early-Life Exposure to the Great Chinese Famine Increased the Risk of Tuberculosis in Adulthood Across Two Generations
Prenatal and early-life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine increased the risk of tuberculosis in adulthood across two generations Qu Chenga, Robert Tranguccib, Kristin N. Nelsonc, Wenjiang Fud, Philip A. Collendera, Jennifer R. Heade, Christopher M. Hoovera, Nicholas K. Skaffa, Ting Lif, Xintong Lig, Yue Youh, Liqun Fangi, Song Liangj, Changhong Yangk, Jin’ge Hef, Jonathan L. Zelnerl,m, and Justin V. Remaisa,1 aDivision of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; bDepartment of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; cRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322; dDepartment of Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204; eDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; fInstitute of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 610041 Chengdu, China; gDepartment of Biostatistics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322; hDivision of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; iDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 100850 Beijing, China; jDepartment of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; kInstitute of Health Informatics, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 610041 Chengdu, China; lDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and mCenter for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 Edited by Trudi Schüpbach, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved September 7, 2020 (received for review May 16, 2020) Global food security is a major driver of population health, and single infectious agent in 2016 (15, 16).