DOCSLIB.ORG

The Figured Worlds of Schoolgirls in Kono, Sierra Leone

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Figured Worlds of Schoolgirls in Kono, Sierra Leone University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses Fall August 2014 "For a future tomorrow": The figured worlds of schoolgirls in Kono, Sierra Leone Jordene Hale University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the African Studies Commons, International and Comparative Education Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Hale, Jordene, ""For a future tomorrow": The figured worlds of schoolgirls in Kono, Sierra Leone" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 89. https://doi.org/10.7275/vb55-cv35 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/89 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “FOR A FUTURE TOMORROW”: THE FIGURED WORLDS OF SCHOOLGIRLS IN KONO, SIERRA LEONE A Dissertation Presented by JORDENE HALE Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION May 2014 Language, Literacy, and Culture Concentration Teacher Education and Curriculum Studies College of Education © Copyright by Jordene Hale 2014 All Rights Reserved “FOR A FUTURE TOMORROW”: THE FIGURED WORLDS OF SCHOOLGIRLS IN KONO, SIERRA LEONE A Dissertation Presented by JORDENE HALE Approved as to style and content by: ____________________________________ Meg Gebhard, Chair ____________________________________ Ralph Faulkingham, Member ____________________________________ Maria Jose Botelho, Member _____________________________ Christine B. McCormick, Dean College of Education DEDICATION To David, Sophia Maxine, Chana Rose and Adama ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My Sierra Leone families housed me, fed me, and taught me to live and love- Salone style. With love, I thank my Freetown family: my sister Marie Jalloh and our children, Edna, Little Mama, Fuad, and Alim. In Kono, I thank Patrick, Mariama, Regina, Fatu, Annie, Grace, and PaAbu of the Lamin-Tongu family for taking such good care of me. I am especially grateful to Patrick for his anthropologist’s eye, his commitment to social justice, and sharing his passion for his beloved Kono. I thank Komba Boima and Fasali Marrah for their laughter and love. I thank Sunshine for feeding me, Matia for welcoming me, and Emmanuel Tomme for giving me his beautiful home with its very important porch. I thank Jim Higbie for our long discussions over dinners at Aries. I thank Baba for his generosity with vehicles. Most of all, I thank the girls and women of Kono for welcoming me onto their porches: Kadiatu Amara, Jeneba L. Bah, Binte Conte, Olivia Dauda, Salamatu Kabba, Mariama Marrah, Adama Menjoh, Sia Momoh, Fatu Sam, Aminata Sessay, Dumbia Musu Wuseni, Princess Pratt, and Mary Yamba. I want to thank Alane Paul Castro and Marina Goldman for taking the journey with me. May we always have such meaningful adventures. I thank Lianne Suarez, Ruth Harman, Dong-Shin Shin and the rest of my fabulous LLC cohort for our critic thinking after class sessions. I appreciate Susan Holck’s close reading of many rough drafts. I thank my wonderful spiritually supportive chavurah for all their concern, guidance, and pep talks during the long and winding process. I thank Elsa Wiehe for her spirit, her clarity, and her love. I thank Alan Peterfreund for his tenacious encouragement and Irv Seidman for convincing me to v pursue my doctorate. I thank my committee Maria Jose Botelho and Meg Gebhard for their endless patience. I thank Ralph Faulkingham for his belief in me and this work. Finally I thank my loving husband, David Rabinovitz, who never doubted me and our two daughters, Sophia Maxine and Chana Rose for exemplifying unconditional love and support. vi ABSTRACT “FOR A FUTURE TOMORROW”: THE FIGURED WORLDS OF SCHOOLGIRLS IN KONO, SIERRA LEONE MAY 2014 JORDENE HALE, B.A., HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE M.A., BOSTON UNIVERSITY ED.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by Professor Meg Gebhard Current research in Sub-Sahara Africa suggests that young women face challenges in accessing and completing schooling, due among other things to gender related school based violence (Bruce & Hallman, 2008; Dunne, Humphreys, & Leach, 2006; Lloyd, Kaufman, & Hewett, 2000). These studies, while valuable in providing documentation on school enrollment and school leaving, do not explore the motivational framework where young women remain in school. The purpose of this dissertation is to trace how schoolgirls’ identities or “figured worlds” (Gee, 2011) are co-constructed in particular contexts by the same cohort of schoolgirls, their teachers, households, and communities through an ethnographic case study conducted over a period of three years from 2010 to 2013 in Kono, Sierra Leone. The unit of analysis is the experience of the individual schoolgirls rendered in detailed portraits. The central research question addressed is: What are the ‘figured worlds’ that these schoolgirls inhabit that compels them, in the face of overwhelming odds, to commit to schooling? What is the role of “imagined communities” for these schoolgirls (Anderson, 1991; Kanno & Norton, 2003)? vii Further, how do the schoolgirls utilize the liminal space of schooling (Switzer, 2010)? Employing the portraiture methodology (Lawrence-Lightfoot & Hoffman Davis, 1997) this research focuses on three schoolgirls, their communities, and their relationships with the researcher. This research analyzes how for schoolgirls in sub- Sahara Africa, the figured worlds of schoolgirls, is an identity that despite the physical risk, economic loss, and unlikely career success, becomes compelling. This dissertation contributes to research seeking gender equity in education in sub-Sahara Africa. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................v ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................1 1.1. Preface......................................................................................................................1 1.1.1. Vignette ..............................................................................................................1 1.1.2. Introduction ........................................................................................................3 1.1.3. Focal schoolgirls ................................................................................................5 1.1.4. My role ...............................................................................................................7 1.2. Previous Research on Schoolgirls ...........................................................................7 1.3. Theoretical Foundations........................................................................................11 1.3.1. Figured Worlds: Gee ........................................................................................12 1.3.2. Imagined Communities: Norton ......................................................................17 1.3.3. Liminality .........................................................................................................19 2. RESEARCH SITE .........................................................................................................22 2.1. The Civil War .......................................................................................................25 2.2. Gender issues in Sierra Leone...............................................................................32 2.3. Education in Sierra Leone ....................................................................................35 3. METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................44 3.1. Sierra Leone and my story ....................................................................................44 3.1.1. From researcher to NGO .................................................................................52 3.1.2. Sponsor and researcher ...................................................................................56 3.1.3. Class and Race ................................................................................................60 3.2. Research Design....................................................................................................65 3.2.1. Data Collection ...............................................................................................66 ix 3.3. Data Analysis Methodology .................................................................................71 3.3.1. Phase One: Generative coding ........................................................................72 3.3.2. Phase Two: Writing portraitures .....................................................................73 3.3.3. Phase Three: Figured Worlds and Imagined Communities ............................76 3.4. Member checks .....................................................................................................77 3.5. Transcription .........................................................................................................78
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 06 ART Keen.Fm
    Greedy Elites, Dwindling Resources, Alienated Youths The Anatomy of Protracted Violence in Sierra Leone DAVID KEEN he war in Sierra Leone was ignited in March 1991 when a small band T of rebels, supported by Liberian rebel Charles Taylor, attacked from Liberia. But it was underlying resentments inside Sierra Leone that turned this relatively small incursion into a conflict that displaced close to half the population. All About Diamonds? Sierra Leone’s Permanent Representative to the un, Ibrahim Kamara, told the un Security Council in July 2000: »The root of the conflict is and remains diamonds, diamonds and diamonds«. Problems in the diamond sector did indeed feed into the war – in at least four important ways. First, diamonds were an incentive for violence. This applied both to the ruf and to many government soldiers. Both groups quickly showed an interest in illegal diamond-mining. Whilst pitched battles in the war were relatively rare, those that did occur were often over diamond areas. Thousands of civilians were expelled from, and kept away from, diamond-rich areas. Second, diamonds helped to fund the violence. The rebels of the Rev- olutionary United Front (ruf) used diamonds to pay for arms, purchas- ing arms from government soldiers as well as outside the country. A number of traders benefited from rebel violence and seem also to have helped to fund it. The rebels’ trading system – covering an area broadly in line with Taylor’s vision of a »Greater Liberia« and including Sierra Leone’s main diamond fields – provided an alternative to the tightly-con- trolled networks of patronage and trade that were based on Freetown, but also to the estimated seventeen unofficial diamond dealers who dom- inated pre-war diamond smuggling, much of it to Liberia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Place of African Traditional Religion in Interreligious Encounters in Sierra Leone Since the Advent of Islam and Christianity
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Unisa Institutional Repository THE PLACE OF AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION IN INTERRELIGIOUS ENCOUNTERS IN SIERRA LEONE SINCE THE ADVENT OF ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY by PRINCE SORIE CONTEH submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY In the subject RELIGIOUS STUDIES at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PROMOTER: PROF G J A LUBBE APRIL 2008 i TABLE OF CONTENTS SIGNED DECLARATION ix ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS x SUMMARY xi KEY WORDS AND PHRASES xv CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Objectives 3 1.2 Methodological Approach 4 1.2.1 Field work 6 1.3 Past and Present Academic Context 9 1.4 Literature Review 10 1.5 Socio-History of Sierra Leone 20 1.6 Outline 21 CHAPTER 2 Fundamental Tenets and Practices of Sierra Leone Indigenous Religion (SLIR) and Culture 25 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Meeting our Subjects 26 2.2.1 The Mende 26 2.2.2 The Temne 27 2.2.3 The Limba 28 2.2.4 The Kono 29 2.2.5 The Krio 30 2.2.6 Common Cultural Straits 31 ii 2.3 Sources of SLIR 34 2.3.1 Oral Tradition 34 2.3.2 Forms of Art 35 2.4 Components of SLIR 37 2.3.1 The Supreme Being 37 2.3.1.1 Names of God 38 2.3.1.2 God Lives Above 41 2.3.1.3 God’s Intrinsic Attributes 43 2.3.1.3.1 Omnipotence 43 2.3.1.3.2 Omnipresence 45 2.3.1.3.3 Omniscience 45 2.3.1.3.4 All-seeing God 46 2.3.1.4 Activities of God 46 2.3.1.4.1 Creator 46 2.3.1.4.2 God as Ruler 48 2.3.1.5 The Worship of God 49 2.3.2 Lesser Gods/Deities 50 2.3.3 Angels 52 2.3.4 Ancestral Spirits 53 2.3.4.1
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER ONE Mineral Resources, Their Use and Their Impact on the Conflict and the Country
    CHAPTER ONE Mineral Resources, their Use and their Impact on the Conflict and the Country Introduction 1. The management of state resources is central to the quality of governance in any country. This is particularly the case in Sierra Leone, a country whose economy depends essentially on revenues from its mineral resources. The Commission deemed it important to examine how mineral resources were used by successive governments and how they may have contributed to the war. Furthermore, the Commission set out to explore the extent to which the combatant groups exploited mineral resources to sustain themselves and replenish their war-making supplies. 2. Despite its huge mineral resources, Sierra Leone has remained one of the poorest countries in the world.1 Extensive alluvial and kimberlitic diamond deposits, as well as bauxite, rutile and gold, are found in the east and the south of the country. Gold, iron and more recently bauxite have been discovered in the north. Iron ore at Marampa was a major foreign-exchange earner until mining there was closed down in the mid-1990s. In the past, these resources have benefited a small elite group of Sierra Leoneans as well as Lebanese, Senegalese, Gambian, Guinean and Nigerian traders and a sprinkling of other groups from the sub-Saharan region. 3. The most important mineral resource in Sierra Leone is diamonds. This chapter will focus predominantly on diamonds and refer to other minerals where appropriate. 4. Throughout the world, diamonds are objects of desire and admiration. In Sierra Leone, diamonds were indirect causes and fuelling elements of the war.
    [Show full text]
  • African Studies Quarterly
    African Studies Quarterly Volume 14, Issues 1 & 2 November 2013 Published by the Center for African Studies, University of Florida ISSN: 2152-2448 African Studies Quarterly Executive Staff R. Hunt Davis, Jr. - Editor-in-Chief Todd H. Leedy - Associate Editor Emily Hauser - Managing Editor Corinna Greene - Production Editor Anna Mwaba - Book Review Editor Editorial Committee Oumar Ba Meghan Kirkwood Maia Bass Nicholas Knowlton Lina Benabdallah Chesney McOmber Mamadou Bodian Asmeret G. Mehari Jennifer Boylan Jessica Morey Renee Bullock McKenzie Moon Ryan Erin Bunting Stuart Mueller Ben Burgen Anna Mwaba Leandra Clough Moise C. Ngwa Nicole C. D'Errico Collins R. Nunyonameh Amanda Edgell Levy Odera Dan Eizenga Winifred Pankani-Lindberg Timothy Fullman Sam Schramski Ramin Gillett Abiyot Seifu Ryan Good Rebecca Steiner Victoria Gorham Donald Underwood Cari Beth Head Carrie Vath Ibrahim Yahaya Ibrahim Sheldon Wardwell Merise Jalalal Joel O. Wao Aaron King Amanda Weibel Advisory Board Adélékè Adéèko Susan Cooksey Ohio State University University of Florida Timothy Ajani Mark Davidheiser Fayetteville State University Nova Southeastern University Abubakar Alhassan Kristin Davis Bayero University International Food Policy Research John W. Arthur Institute University of South Florida, St. Parakh Hoon Petersburg Virginia Tech Nanette Barkey Andrew Lepp Plan International USA Kent State University African Studies Quarterly | Volume 14, Issues 1 & 2 | November 2013 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Richard Marcus Dianne White Oyler California State University, Long Beach Fayetteville State University Kelli Moore Alex Rödlach James Madison University Creighton University Mantoa Rose Motinyane Jan Shetler University of Cape Town Goshen College James T. Murphy Roos Willems Clark University Catholic University of Leuven Lilian Temu Osaki Peter VonDoepp University of Dar es Salaam University of Vermont © University of Florida Board of Trustees, a public corporation of the State of Florida; permission is hereby granted for individuals to download articles for their own personal use.
    [Show full text]
  • African HISTORY and CULTURE
    Encyclopedia of africaN HISTORY and CULTURE Encyclopedia of african history and culture Volume Ii African kingdoms (500 to 1500) Willie F. Page, Editor Revised edition by R. Hunt Davis, Jr., Editor A Learning Source Book Encyclopedia of African History and Culture, Copyright © 2005, 2001 by The Learning Source, Ltd. A Learning Source Book Editorial: Brian Ableman, Edward C. Haggerty, Bertram Knight, Christopher Roberts, Bodine Schwerin (revised edition), Ismail Soyugenc (revised edition), Anthony Yearwood Consultant: Emilyn Brown All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Page, Willie F., 1929– Encyclopedia of African history and culture / edited by Willie F. Page; revised edition edited by R. Hunt Davis, Jr.—Rev. ed. p. cm. “A Learning Source Book.” Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8160-5199-2 ((set ISBN) hardcover) ISBN 0-8160-5269-7 (vol. I)–ISBN 0-8160-5270-0 (vol. II)– ISBN 0-8160-5271-9 (vol. III)–ISBN 0-8160-5200-X (vol. IV)– ISBN 0-8160-5201-8 (vol. V) –ISBN 978-1-4381-2917-4 (e-book) 1. Africa—Encyclopedias. I. Davis, R. Hunt. II. Title. DT3.P27 2005 960'.03-—dc22 2004022929 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quanti- ties for businesses, associations, institutions or sales promotions.
    [Show full text]
  • Diasporas: Doing Development Or Part of Development a Study of Two Sierra Leonean Diaspora Organisations in London
    spiru Strategic Policy Impact and Research Unit Diasporas: Doing Development or Part of Development A study of two Sierra Leonean diaspora organisations in London Charlotte Heath SPIRU Working Paper 24 April 2009 Diasporas: Doing Development or Part of Development A study of two Sierra Leonean diaspora organisations in London Charlotte Heath * Strategic Policy Impact and Research Unit April 2009 SPIRU Working Paper 24 Overseas Development Institute London This paper was written while the author was based at the Overseas Development Institute, London. The views and opinions presented in this paper are entirely her own and do not necessarily represent those of the UK Department for International Development (DFID). SPIRU was set up by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) to undertake policy research and analysis by DFID staff on key issues in international development and to make the conclusions accessible and useful to policy and programme staff working in development around the world. ISBN: 978-0-85003-900-9 Strategic Policy Impact and Research Unit Overseas Development Institute 111 Westminster Bridge Road London SE1 7JD © Overseas Development Institute 2009 All rights reserved. Readers may quote from or reproduce this paper, but as copyright holder, ODI requests due acknowledgement. ii Contents Acronyms iv Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Diasporas, transnationalism, hometown associations (HTAs), citizenship and identities 3 Chapter 3: Diasporas and development: Perspectives from Africa 6 Chapter 4: Methodology
    [Show full text]
  • A “Harley Mask” at the Cleveland Museum of Art More on Masks Among the Mano and Dan Peoples (Liberia/Côte D’Ivoire)
    A “Harley Mask” at the Cleveland Museum of Art More on Masks among the Mano and Dan Peoples (Liberia/Côte d’Ivoire) Constantine Petridis In Memoriam Elze Bruyninx (1944–2011) his essay offers a few remarks on Monni Adams’s almost half a century, or even its Harley-related provenance recent article in this journal on masks of the that I decided to pay closer attention to it in light of a more in- Mano people of Liberia as studied and collected depth publication. I have been particularly interested in the arts in the field by the American medical mission- and culture of the Dan and related neighboring peoples, which ary Dr. George W. Harley (1894–1966) from the include the We, Kran, Mano, and others, ever since my student early 1930s to the late 1950s (Adams 2010). Some days at the University of Ghent in Belgium in the late 1980s. This time ago I initiated research and writing on the same subject after special interest was instilled in me and my fellow students by our Tencountering an arresting mask in the storage space of the Cleve- professors at Ghent, Herman Burssens and Elze Bruyninx, who land Museum of Art’s Education Art collection, known as the “Art in turn owed their interest to the late Pieter Jan Vandenhoute to Go” collection at the time of my “discovery” in 2002. This mask (1913–1978), their respective colleague and thesis advisor.2 Van- had been acquired in 1953 for the museum’s so-called secondary denhoute, himself a student of the legendary Frans Olbrechts collection—consisting of some 19,000 objects and destined for (1899–1958) at the University of Ghent in the 1930s, was truly a on-site and more typically off-site exhibitions and programs with pioneer in the field of African art studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Kono Members' Perceptions of Burial Practices and the Spread of Ebola Virus Disease Comfort Kenyeh Panda Walden University
    Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2018 Kono Members' Perceptions of Burial Practices and the Spread of Ebola Virus Disease Comfort Kenyeh Panda Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Medicine and Health Sciences Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Health Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Comfort K. Panda has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. John Oswald, Committee Chairperson, Public Health Faculty Dr. Daniel Okenu, Committee Member, Public Health Faculty Dr. Kim Sanders, University Reviewer, Public Health Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2018 Abstract Kono Members’ Perceptions of Burial Practices and the Spread of Ebola Virus Disease by Comfort K. Panda MSN, South University, 2011 BSN, Columbia Union College, 2008 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health Walden University November 2018 Abstract Sierra Leone was heavily affected by the West African Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic from 2013 to 2016. Ongoing EVD transmission during the epidemic was connected to several factors including unsafe traditional burial practices.
    [Show full text]
  • Cabaslot Fiesta: Report on Residential Camp for Sierra Leone Refugee
    Report on the residential camp for Sierra Leone Refugee women and children February, 2003 NSW Education Program on FGM Cabaslot Fiesta Report on the residential camp for Sierra Leone Refugee women and children February, 2003 NSW Education Program on FGM ISBN 1740 80 0680 Copyright NSW Education Program on FGM Author: Juliana Nkrumah Sydney West Area Health Service Locked Bag 7118 Parramatta BC NSW 2150 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The NSW Education Program on Female Genital Mutilation gratefully acknowledges the valuable contribution of: · The Sierra Leone women and children who attended Cabaslot Fiesta in February 2003 · Saibatu Kamara, who brought her heart and mind to the philosophy of the Program, and graciously committed her time and network of women to making the idea of a camp a reality · The Sierra Leone Women’s Working Party: Saibatu Kamara Bintu Kamara Salamatu Bayoh Tigidankay Daramay Juliet Ann Koroma Elizabeth Kamara (Maame Lizzie) Ijatu Jalloh Fatu Bangura (Maame Fatu) Marie Baby Sepateh Hawa Kanneh · The Camp Working Party: Echo Morgan - WSAHS Area Multicultural Health Unit Juliana Nkrumah - NSW Education Program on FGM Nicola Carter - STARTTS Shairon Fray - NSW Education Program on FGM Bernadette Agyepong - Blacktown Migrant Resource Centre Maria Mitar - Blacktown Migrant Resource Centre Lesley Garton - NSW Education Program on FGM Bernadetta Cansdell - Wentworth Area Health Service Sue Templeman - Bankstown Girls High School Saibatu Kamara - Sierra Leone Women’s Working Party Tigidankay Daramay - Sierra Leone Women’s Working Party
    [Show full text]
  • An Encyclopedia for Students GEOPOLITICAL
    AfriAfricaca An Encyclopedia for Students GEOPOLITICAL TUNISIA MOROCCO ALGERIA LIBYA EGYPT WESTERN SAHARA MAURITANIA MALI NIGER SUDAN SENEGAL CHAD ERITREA GAMBIA BURKINA DJIBOUTI FASO GUINEA BISSAU BENÍN NIGERIA SOMALIA GUINEA ETHIOPIA CÔTE SIERRA D’IVOIRE CENTRAL LEONE GHANA AFRICAN REPUBLIC TOGO CAMEROON LIBERIA EQUITORIAL GUINEA UGANDA SAO˜ TOMÉ AND KENYA PRINCIPE GABON RWANDA 19,341 ft. CONGO (Kinshasa) CONGO BURUNDI (Brazzaville) TANZANIA COMOROS ELEVATIONS OVER 1,640 FEET ANGOLA MALAWI ZAMBIA MOZAMBIQUE ZIMBABWE NAMIBIA MADAGASCAR BOTSWANA SWAZILAND LESOTHO SOUTH AFRICA AfriAfricaca An Encyclopedia for Students John Middleton, Editor Volume 3 Leakey–Rwanda africa_toc_v2-4 1/14/03 1:45 PM Page iv Copyright © 2002 Charles Scribner’s Sons All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without the permission of Charles Scribner’s Sons. Developed for Charles Scribner’s Sons by Visual Education Corporation, Princeton, N.J. For Scribners PUBLISHER: Karen Day EDITORS: John Fitzpatrick, Brad Morgan COVER AND INTERIOR DESIGN: Jennifer Wahi PHOTO RESEARCH: Kelly Quin PRODUCTION SUPERVISOR: Mary Beth Trimper For Visual Education PROJECT DIRECTOR: Darryl Kestler WRITERS: John Haley, Charles Roebuck, Rebecca Stefoff, Joseph Ziegler EDITORS: Noëlle Y. Child, Cindy George, Guy Austrian, Charles Roebuck ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Cheryl MacKenzie COPYEDITING SUPERVISOR: Helen A. Castro ELECTRONIC PREPARATION: Fiona Torphy Contributors Nancy E. Gratton, Kevin van Bladel, Frank Griffel, Jeremy Raphael Berndt Library of Congress Cataloging in-Publication Data Africa: an encyclopedia for students / John Middleton, editor. p. cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-684-80650-9 (set : alk. paper) —ISBN 0-684-80651-7 (v. 1) — ISBN 0-684-80652-5 (v.
    [Show full text]
  • Cvil Society in Kono District, Serra Leone
    Civil society in Kono District, Sierra Leone – Sahr O Fasuluku Preprint Civil society in Kono District, Sierra Leone: Capacity, constraints, and potential to contribute to local Sustainable Development Goals Sahr Otto Fasuluku1 Abstract: This study examines the organisational capacity and constraints of civil society organisations (CSOs) in Kono District, Sierra Leone and their potential to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) there. Capacity was found to be very low, with major constraints both internal and external preventing capacity growth and effectiveness. These included poor internal systems and member cooperation, external financial and in-kind dependency, power and politics within and without CSOs, communities’ fear of speaking to power and therefore their abdication of roles as checks and balances to hold leaders to account. Several options are available to CSOs, councils and chiefs to address Kono’s effectiveness at delivering the SDGs for Kono. Keywords: CSO, Civil Society, organisational capacity, advocacy, monitoring, service delivery, empowerment, elite power, political co-option, bifurcation, Kono, Sierra Leone, Sustainable Development Goals, rural, localisation, trust, decentralisation, neopatrimonialism, bottom-up, indirect-rule, praxis Acknowledgements: My thanks to Joseph T Gandi and his team in Sierra Leone for translations into Kono and Krio, Berns K Lebbie of NMJD for his advice, guidance, and map of Kono, all the research team in Kono district for their difficult multiple treks to the outer regions of Kono, in particular Tamba Kanawa, Tamba Nelson Jimissa, Sahr E Mbayo and to those lecturers, students and graduates in Fourah Bay College who answered the call. The original version of this dissertation was submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the MSc in Sustainable Development of the University of London School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), Centre for Development, Environment and Policy (CeDEP) on 17th September 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • EVIDENCE REPORT No 38
    EVIDENCE REPORT No 38 IDSAddressing and Mitigating Violence Is it the Right Time for the International Community to Exit Sierra Leone? Jeremy Allouche (with the collaboration of Cassandra Biggs, Ngolo Katta and James Vincent) November 2013 The IDS programme on Strengthening Evidence-based Policy works across seven key themes. Each theme works with partner institutions to co-construct policy-relevant knowledge and engage in policy-influencing processes. This material has been developed under the Addressing and Mitigating Violence theme. The development of this material has been led by IDS who holds the copyright. Input was provided by Cassandra Biggs, Ngolo Katta and James Vincent. The authors would also like to acknowledge comment, review and feedback on this publication by Markus Shultze-Kraft and Jeremy Lind, as well as to thank the Center for Coordination of Youth Activities, CCYA-Sierra Leone, in particular Ngolo Katta (National Coordinator) for supporting the organisation and holding of the policy validation workshop at their offices in Freetown. The material has been funded by UK aid from the UK Government, however the views expressed do not necessarily reflect the UK Government’s official policies. AG Level 2 Output ID: 34 IS IT THE RIGHT TIME FOR THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY TO EXIT SIERRA LEONE? Jeremy Allouche (with the collaboration of Cassandra Biggs, Ngolo Katta and James Vincent) November 2013 This is an Open Access publication distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are clearly credited. First published by the Institute of Development Studies in November 2013 © Institute of Development Studies 2013 IDS is a charitable company limited by guarantee and registered in England (No.
    [Show full text]