DOCSLIB.ORG

The World Bank

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The World Bank Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: 84038-KG INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED GRANT IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 5.3 MILLION (US$8.2 MILLLION EQUIVALENT) Public Disclosure Authorized AND A PROPOSED CREDIT IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 23.9 MILLION (US$36.8 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Public Disclosure Authorized FOR THE FIRST PHASE OF THE CENTRAL ASIA ROAD LINKS PROGRAM (CARs-1) March 27, 2014 Transport Sector Unit Sustainable Development Department Europe and Central Asia Region Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective February 28, 2014) Currency Unit = Kyrgyz Som (KGS) KGS 49 = US$1 US$ 1.53 = SDR 1 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AADT Average Annual Daily Traffic Standards ADB Asian Development Bank IRI International Roughness Index BCP Border Crossing Point ISA International Standards on Auditing BOMCA Border Management Programme in Central JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency Asia MOTC Ministry of Transport and Communications CADAP Central Asia Drug Action Program NCB National Competitive Bidding CAREC Central Asia Regional Economic NPV Net Present Value Cooperation NRRP National Road Rehabilitation (Osh-Batken- CARs Central Asia Road Links Isfana) Project CARs-1 The First Phase of the Central Asia Road NSDS National Sustainable Development Strategy Links Program NSW National Single Window CARs-2 The Second Phase of the Central Asia Road ORAF Operational Risk Assessment Framework Links Program OSCE Organization for Security and Cooperation CBA Cost-Benefit Analysis in Europe CBTA Cross-Border Transport Agreement OBI Osh-Batken-Isfana CEFACT Centre for Trade Facilitation and e- PDO Project Development Objective Business PIU Project Implementation Unit CPS Country Partnership Strategy PLUAD Regional Road Agency DEPs Local Maintenance Depots POM Project Operational Manual EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and RAP Resettlement Action Plan Development RIBS Regional Improvement of Boarder Services EC European Commission RMD Road Asset Management Department EDB Eurasian Development Bank ROW Right of Way EIA Environmental Impact Assessment RPF Resettlement Policy Framework EIRR Economic Internal Rates of Return SDR Special Drawing Rights EMP Environmental Management Plan EU European Union SNIP Design Standards GDP Gross Domestic Product SOE Statement of Expenditures FM Financial Management SOP Series of Projects ICB International competitive bidding TOR Terms of Reference IDA International Development Association TRACECA Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia IDB Islamic Development Bank TSCC Transport Sector Coordinating Committee IFAC International Federation of Accountants UAD Road Department IFR Interim Financial Report UN United Nations IMF International Monetary Fund WTO World Trade Organization IPF Investment Project Financing IPIG Investment Project Implementation Group IPSAS International Public Sector Accounting Regional Vice President: Laura Tuck Country Director: Saroj Kumar Jha Country Manager: Alexander Kremer Sector Director: Laszlo Lovei Sector Manager: Juan Gaviria Task Team Leader: Cordula Rastogi CENTRAL ASIA: Central Asia Road Links – Kyrgyz Republic (CARs-1) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. STRATEGIC CONTEXT................................................................................................. 1 A. Regional Context ........................................................................................................... 1 B. Country Context ............................................................................................................ 3 C. Sectoral and Institutional Context ................................................................................. 4 D. Higher Level Objectives to which the Program and Project Contributes ..................... 5 II. PROGRAM AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES ................................ 6 A. The Program Objective ................................................................................................. 6 B. The Project Development Objective (PDO) and Key Indicators of CARs-1 ................ 6 III. PROJECT AND PROGRAM DESCRIPTION .............................................................. 8 A. Project Components ...................................................................................................... 8 B. Project Financing........................................................................................................... 9 C. Program Phases and Component (Series of Projects) ................................................. 10 IV. IMPLEMENTATION ..................................................................................................... 11 A. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements ......................................................... 11 B. Arrangements with Development Partners ................................................................. 12 C. Results Monitoring and Evaluation ............................................................................. 12 D. Sustainability ............................................................................................................... 12 V. KEY RISKS AND MITIGATION MEASURES.......................................................... 13 A. Risk Ratings Summary Table ..................................................................................... 13 B. Overall Risk Rating Explanation ................................................................................. 13 VI. APPRAISAL SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 13 A. Economic Analysis ..................................................................................................... 13 B. Technical ..................................................................................................................... 14 C. Financial Management ................................................................................................ 15 D. Procurement ................................................................................................................ 15 E. Social (including Safeguards) ...................................................................................... 16 F. Environment (including Safeguards) ........................................................................... 16 G. Other Safeguards Policies Triggered .......................................................................... 17 Annex 1: Results Framework and Monitoring ........................................................................ 18 Annex 2: Detailed Project Description ...................................................................................... 23 Annex 3: Implementation Arrangements ................................................................................. 26 Annex 4: Operational Risk Assessment Framework (ORAF) ................................................ 38 Annex 5: Implementation Support Plan ................................................................................... 41 Annex 6: Economic Analysis of the Program and Project ...................................................... 44 Annex 7: Regional, Country and Sectoral Context.................................................................. 56 Annex 8: Program Overview and Complementarities with other Projects ........................... 65 Annex 9: Map .............................................................................................................................. 68 PAD DATA SHEET Central Asia Central Asia Road Links - Kyrgyz Republic (P132270) PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA ECSTR Report No.: PAD559 Basic Information Project ID EA Category Team Leader P132270 B - Partial Assessment Cordula Rastogi Lending Instrument Fragile and/or Capacity Constraints [ ] Investment Project Financing (IPF) Financial Intermediaries [ ] Series of Projects [ X ] Project Implementation Start Date Project Implementation End Date 02-July-2014 15-Jun-2019 Expected Effectiveness Date Expected Closing Date 01-July-2014 15-Jun-2019 Joint IFC No Sector Manager Sector Director Country Director Regional Vice President Juan Gaviria Laszlo Lovei Saroj Kumar Jha Laura Tuck Borrower: Government of Kyrgyz Republic Responsible Agency: Ministry of Transport and Communications Contact: Mr. K. Mamaev Title: Director, IPIG Telephone No.: +996 312 610472 Email: [email protected] Project Financing Data(in USD Million) [ ] Loan [ ] Grant [ ] Guarantee [ X ] Credit [ X ] IDA Grant [ ] Other Total Project Cost: 54.00 Total Bank Financing: 45.00 Financing Gap: 0.00 Financing Source Amount BORROWER/RECIPIENT 9.00 International Development Association (IDA) 45.00 Total 54.00 Expected Disbursements (in USD Million) Fiscal Year 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Annual 5.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 10.00 Cumulative 5.00 13.00 23.00 35.00 45.00 Proposed Development Objective(s) The Central Asia Road Links (CARs) program is the result of a collaborative effort initiated by respective governments in the Central Asia region which has been developed as a regional, multi-phase program considered as a regional transformational project under IDA16 and IDA 17. The program has the overall objective
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Final Evaluation of the Building a Constituency for Peace Project
    2016 Final Evaluation of the Building a Constituency for Peace Project FINAL REPORT [НАЗВАНИЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ] | [Адрес организации] 0 Final Evaluation of the Building a Constituency for Peace Project Final Report December 2016 Prepared by: Natalia Kosheleva International Consultant E-mail: [email protected] Elmira Kerimalieva National Consultant E-mail: [email protected] 1 Content List of abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 6 1 Background ............................................................................................................................................... 10 2 Object and context of evaluation ............................................................................................................. 10 2.1 Project Theory of Change and expected results ............................................................................... 10 2.2 Project implementation .................................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Project reach ....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Cross-Border Conflict in Post-Soviet Central Asia: the Case of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
    Connections: The Quarterly Journal ISSN 1812-1098, e-ISSN 1812-2973 Toktomushev, Connections QJ 17, no. 1 (2018): 21-41 https://doi.org/10.11610/Connections.17.1.02 Research Article Understanding Cross-Border Conflict in Post-Soviet Central Asia: The Case of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan Kemel Toktomushev University of Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, http://www.ucentralasia.org Abstract: Despite the prevalence of works on the ‘discourses of danger’ in the Ferghana Valley, which re-invented post-Soviet Central Asia as a site of intervention, the literature on the conflict potential in the cross-border areas of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan is fairly limited. Yet, the number of small-scale clashes and tensions on the borders of the Batken and Isfara regions has been growing steadily. Accordingly, this work seeks to con- tribute to the understanding of the conflict escalations in the area and identify factors that aggravate tensions between the communities. In par- ticular, this article focuses on four variables, which exacerbate tensions and hinder the restoration of a peaceful social fabric in the Batken-Isfara region: the unresolved legacies of the Soviet past, inefficient use of natu- ral resources, militarization of borders, and lack of evidence-based poli- cymaking. Keywords: Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Ferghana, conflict, bor- ders. Introduction The significance and magnitude of violence and conflict potential in the con- temporary Ferghana Valley has been identified as one of the most prevalent themes in the study of post-Soviet Central Asia. This densely populated region has been long portrayed as a site of latent inter-ethnic conflict. Not only is the Ferghana Valley a region, where three major ethnic groups—Kyrgyz, Uzbeks and Tajiks—co-exist in a network of interdependent communities, sharing buri- Partnership for Peace Consortium of Defense Creative Commons Academies and Security Studies Institutes BY-NC-SA 4.0 Kemel Toktomushev, Connections QJ 17, no.
    [Show full text]
  • The University of Chicago Old Elites Under Communism: Soviet Rule in Leninobod a Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Di
    THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO OLD ELITES UNDER COMMUNISM: SOVIET RULE IN LENINOBOD A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY FLORA J. ROBERTS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS JUNE 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ vi A Note on Transliteration .................................................................................................. ix Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One. Noble Allies of the Revolution: Classroom to Battleground (1916-1922) . 43 Chapter Two. Class Warfare: the Old Boi Network Challenged (1925-1930) ............... 105 Chapter Three. The Culture of Cotton Farms (1930s-1960s) ......................................... 170 Chapter Four. Purging the Elite: Politics and Lineage (1933-38) .................................. 224 Chapter Five. City on Paper: Writing Tajik in Stalinobod (1930-38) ............................ 282 Chapter Six. Islam and the Asilzodagon: Wartime and Postwar Leninobod .................. 352 Chapter Seven. The
    [Show full text]
  • In Kyrgyzstan Agricultural Products
    The Possibility of “Six Sector Industrialization” in Kyrgyzstan Agricultural Products ■Profile of Kyrgyz Republic The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan) is a state in Central Asia. Located in the western and central part of the Tien Shan mountain system. In the north it borders with Kazakhstan, in the west - with Uzbekistan, in the south-west - with Tajikistan, in the east and southeast - with China. The Kyrgyz Republic is a sovereign, democratic, legal, secular, unitary, social state. Independence Date - August 31, 1991. The state language is Kyrgyz; the official language is Russian. The territory is 199.9 thousand km2 (5.8% - forests, 4.4% - water, 53.3% - agricultural land, 36.5% - other lands). Almost 90% of which is located 1,500 m above sea level. The capital is Bishkek (859.8 thousand people). Big cities include Osh (255.8 thousand), Jalal-Abad (98.4 thousand), Karakol (68.0 thousand). Kyrgyzstan consists of 9 administrative-territorial units - Chui oblast, Talas oblast, Issyk-Kul oblast, Naryn oblast, Jalal-Abad oblast, Osh oblast, Batken oblast, Osh city and Bishkek city. Its key regional centers are Talas, Karakol, Naryn, Jalal-Abad, Osh, Batken. ■Overview of Agriculture Industry in Kyrgyzstan Republic The Kyrgyz Republic began implementing agrarian reforms after the collapse of the This case material, which is a product of the Joint Research Project of Case Writing by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the International University of Japan (IUJ), is subject to copyright protection. Tsutomu Yokose, Professor of Graduate School of International Management, International University of Japan (IUJ) and student Kubanychbek Isabekov had prepared this case document.
    [Show full text]
  • DISASTER RESPONSE COORDINATION UNIT Kyrgyzstan: COVID-19 Response
    DISASTER RESPONSE COORDINATION UNIT Kyrgyzstan: COVID-19 response Weekly situation update Date: 22 May 2020 Key statistics As of 22 May 2020 Total cases Total number of 1350 1600 confirmed cases of 1400 1350 COVID-19 1200 1111 1000 The number of new 37 906 cases from total 800 756 656 600 554 The number of human 14 400 419 losses 200 147216 0 The number of 949 recovered cases On 18 March 2020 the first three cases were recorded in the Kyrgyz Republic that were detected among those, who returned from Umra pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia. Kyrgyzstan’s Security Council recommended the state of emergency on 22 March, and the Government subsequently imposed stricter measures, placing checkpoints in every region and city, and shutting down facilities (cafes, cinemas, shopping malls, and other entertainment places), leaving only grocery stores, food markets, pharmacies, and medical Daily trend of COVID-19 new Confirmed cases facilities. as of 22 May 2020 As of 22 May 2020, 1,350 cases of COVID-19 100 have been confirmed in the Kyrgyz Republic 80 and 14 deaths. Please also see in the table age disaggregation among the confirmed 60 cases as of 15 May 2020. Out of total 40 confirmed cases: cases among women- 685 (51%), cases among men – 665 (49%). 20 Number of laboratory test in the last day - 2 . 0 The number of contacts with laboratory- confirmed patients with covid-19 is 6,600 and 2,150 people are on observation. The emergency state was expired on 10 May, but it was decided to leave the emergency regime and quarantine in Bishkek and Osh cities, in At-Bashi district of the Naryn region and in the rural district of Kanysh-Kiya Chatkal district of the Jalal-Abad region.
    [Show full text]
  • Measuring the Impact and Financing of Infrastructure in the Kyrgyz Republic
    ADBI Working Paper Series MEASURING THE IMPACT AND FINANCING OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC Kamalbek Karymshakov and Burulcha Sulaimanova No. 988 August 2019 Asian Development Bank Institute Kamalbek Karymshakov is an assistant professor at the Finance and Banking Department, Central Asian Research Center of the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic. Burulcha Sulaimanova is an assistant professor at the Economics Department also of the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University. The views expressed in this paper are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of ADBI, ADB, its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms. Working papers are subject to formal revision and correction before they are finalized and considered published. The Working Paper series is a continuation of the formerly named Discussion Paper series; the numbering of the papers continued without interruption or change. ADBI’s working papers reflect initial ideas on a topic and are posted online for discussion. Some working papers may develop into other forms of publication. In this report, “$” refers to United States dollars. The Asian Development Bank refers to “Kyrgyzstan” as the Kyrgyz Republic. Suggested citation: Karymshakov, K. and B. Sulaimanova. 2019. Measuring the Impact and Financing of Infrastructure in the Kyrgyz Republic. ADBI Working Paper 988. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute. Available: https://www.adb.org/publications/measuring-impact-and-financing- infrastructure-kyrgyz-republic Please contact the authors for information about this paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Investment Profile of KARAKOL CITY КАРАКОЛ Karakol City
    Investment Profile of KARAKOL CITY КАРАКОЛ Karakol City Brief presentation of the city Karakol is the fourth-largest city in Kyrgyzstan and is located near the eastern tip of Lake Issyk-Kul, about 150 km west of the Chinese border and 380 km east of the capital, Bishkek. It is the administrative capital of the Issyk-Kul Region in the country’s far east. Karakol’s untapped potential offers investors a variety of investment opportunities at affordable costs, with municipally owned land available for greenfield investments. Thanks to a mild climate and beautiful scenery, the city is known world-wide for its abundant recreational opportunities: Lake Issyk-Kul, skiing, hot springs, and suitable conditions for extreme sports such as paragliding, mountain biking, and mountaineering. It attracts investors from all over the world thanks to rich investment potential in areas such as hotels and restaurants, mountain tourism, honey production, animal breeding, dairy production, and cultivation and processing of fruits and vegetables. 2 КАРАКОЛ Karakol City General Information about Karakol City • Area: 52,000 sq. m. • Population: 75,100 as of January 1, 2018. • 39,900 people within an hour’s drive eastward (Ak-Suu district) • 34,775 people within an hour’s drive on the lake’s north shore (Tyup district) • 69,589 people within an hour’s drive on the lake’s south shore (Jeti-Oguz district) • Location: Karakol sits at the foot of the Teskei-Ala-Too mountain range, downstream of Karakol River, 12 km from the shore of Lake Issyk-Kul, and at 1690-1850 m above the sea level.
    [Show full text]
  • 2-JICA-Investment-Opportunities-2014
    Source: United Nations Cartographic Section Abbreviations ASEAN Association of South䇲East Asian Nations BOI Board of Investment CAD Computer Aided Design CAGR Compound Average Growth Rate CBTA Cross Border Transportation Agreement CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CMT Cut Make and Trim E/D Embarkation/Disembarkation EU European Union F/S Financial Statement FAOSTAT Food and Agriculture Organization stat GDP Gross Domestic Product ICT Information and Communication Technology IMF International Monetary Fund IT Information Technology JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency JNTO Japan National Tourist Organization KATO Kyrgyz Association of Tour Operators KPI Key Performance Indicator KSSDA Kyrgyz Software and Services Develops Association LNG Liquefied Natural Gas MBA Master of Business Administration MRP Machine Readable Passport NSC National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OEM Original Equipment Manufacturing OJT On-the-Job Training PET Polyethylene Terephthalate SPA Speciality store retailer of Private label Apparel TSA Tourism Satellite Account UAE United Arab Emirates UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNWTO United Nations World Tourism Organization WTO World Trade Organization Table of contents Summary .................................................................................................................................. 1 1. Selection of promising industries(initial macro data-based selection) ................................
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: PAD1963 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED CREDIT Public Disclosure Authorized IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 19.70 MILLION (US$27.50 MILLION EQUIVALENT) AND A PROPOSED GRANT IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 19.70 MILLION (US$27.50 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE Public Disclosure Authorized KYRGYZ REPUBLIC FOR THE THIRD PHASE OF THE CENTRAL ASIA REGIONAL LINKS PROGRAM (CARS‐3) SEPTEMBER 18, 2018 Transport Global Practice EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective August 31, 2018) Currency Unit = Kyrgyz Som (KGS) KGS69.020 = 1 US$ US$0.015 = KGS 1 Special Drawing Currency Unit = Rights (SDR) SDR0.714 = 1 US$ US$1.401 = 1 SDR FISCAL YEAR January 1 ‐ December 31 Regional Vice President: Cyril E Muller Country Director: Lilia Burunciuc Senior Global Practice Director: Jose Luis Irigoyen Practice Manager: Binyam Reja Task Team Leader(s): Cordula Rastogi; Aidai Bayalieva ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AADT Average Annual Daily Traffic IPIG Investment Project Implementation Group ADB Asian Development Bank ISA International Standards on Auditing ANS Air Navigation System JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency ATC Air Traffic Control JSC Joint Stock Company ATM Air Traffic Movement KAI
    [Show full text]
  • Sdjr06020 Summary
    Integrated Development Plan of the Issyk-Kul Zone Summary 8 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT Environmental Capacity and Pollutant Loads For the integrated regional development plan of the Issyk-Kul zone, the strategic environmental assessment (SEA) has been applied to evaluate overall pollutant loads to be caused by changes in land use and development projects envisaged under the moderate growth scenario. As discussed previously, the most sensitive is the pollution of water quality in the Issyk-Kul Lake. Under the moderate growth scenario, the lake water quality will be degraded to some extent as predicted in the table below. The extent of pollutant loads in terms of BOD, total nitrogen (NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N) and total phosphorus (PO4-P) appears to be permissible in the light of international standards for lake water quality. Table S.10 Predicted Water Quality under Moderate Growth Scenario (mg/l) Current Moderate Growth Scenario Permissible (2002) 2010 2025 Level BOD 0.61 0.66 0.75 1 T-N 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.2 T-P 0.0011 0.0012 0.0014 0.005 Source: JICA Study Team Quality of river water flowing into the Issyk-Kul Lake should also be assessed and monitored. The available data, though limited as they are, indicate that river water flowing through agricultural lands has been degraded to some extent. Table S.11 Water Qualities of Major River Inflows into Lake Issyk-Kul (Average of 1988~1992) (mg/l) Djyr Djeti Cholpon Chon River Name Tyup Karakol Tamga Ton Akk-Sai -Galan Oguz -Ata AK Suu BOD5 1.70 1.99 1.90 1.60 2.10 1.10 0.56 0.79 0.83 T-N 1.17 1.14 1.02 1.10 0.91 1.22 0.91 0.91 0.81 T-P 0.016 0.017 0.013 0.011 0.016 0.014 0.013 0.011 0.009 Source: JICA Study Team Emission of air pollutants from stationary sources will not be a serious concern as far as the industrial proposals are controlled individually.
    [Show full text]
  • Kyrgyz Republic Transition Initiatives' Case Studies
    Kyrgyz Republic Transition Initiative Case Studies October 2013 This materials contained in this directory were made possible by the support of the American people through USAID. The contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and researchers and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. Table of Contents Kyrgyz Republic Transition Initiative ........................................................................... 1 Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... 2 The KRTI Case Study Initiative ..................................................................................... 4 The Case Study Approach .......................................................................................... 5 Case Study Themes .................................................................................................... 6 Case Study Researchers ............................................................................................. 8 Supporting Reform in Judicial Selection ................................................................... 10 I. Executive Summary ........................................................................................... 11 II. Background ....................................................................................................... 12 III. Activities Implemented by KRTI ......................................................................... 15 IV. Observed Outcomes and Achievements
    [Show full text]
  • Kyrgyz-Tajik Border Conflict: Mutual Concessions Needed
    Kyrgyz-Tajik Border Conflict: Mutual Concessions Needed Residents of border areas of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are doomed to live in an atmosphere of onerous conflicts unless the leaders of the two countries have political will to finally settle this issue, according to experts. Follow us on Facebook The conflict in the village of Maksat in Leilek district of Batken region, Kyrgyzstan, occurred yesterday, September 16. According to official reports, border services of both countries agree only in that the incident was triggered by construction works at the undocumented location. As for the rest, the versions of the agencies vary. The conflict occurred in the border village of Maksat that belongs to the aiyl district of Kulundu, Leilek district Kyrgyz-Tajik Border Conflict: Mutual Concessions Needed of Batken region. According to the Kyrgyz party, the citizens of Tajikistan launched construction works, and “in response, a citizen of Kyrgyzstan also started construction of the fence around his house that is located in that area.” The border service of Tajikistan claims the conflict was caused “by construction of an unknown structure by citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic.” Village of Maksat. Photo: ru.sputnik.kg / Emil Sadyrov The demands to suspend construction turned into cross talks and then exchange of gunfire. The versions of official agencies about who opened the fire also vary. “The Kyrgyz party was acting against bilateral treaties that delimit the frontiers of disputed territories and mobilised additional military forces of 250-300 officers. Then they committed acts of provocation and at 19:00 they opened fire on the unarmed citizens of mahalla Bahor,” according to the statement of the Border Troops of the State Committee for National Security of Tajikistan.
    [Show full text]