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Cordell Hull Birthplace State Park Interpretation Recommendation Report and Marketing Plan

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Cordell Hull Birthplace State Park Interpretation Recommendation Report and Marketing Plan Cordell Hull Birthplace State Park Interpretation Recommendation Report and Marketing Plan Prepared for Tennessee State Parks by MTSU Center for Historic Preservation January 2020 Kira Duke, Education Specialist Savannah Grandey, Fieldwork Coordinator Steph McDougal, Graduate Research Assistant Carroll Van West, Director Table of Contents Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………….3 Site Plan and Visitor Center Approach……………………………………………...4 Interpretation Recommendations…………………………………………………….8 Cordell Hull Museum.…………………………………………………………..8 Farmstead………………………………………………………………………..24 Interpertation Opportunities in the Activity Center………...…………………….37 Marketing Plan for Activity Center…………………………………………………..38 2 Executive Summary In January 2019, Cordell Hull Birthplace Park Manager Monique Hodge contacted Center for Historic Preservation (CHP) director and Tennessee state historian Dr. Carroll Van West requesting guidance regarding interpretation in the park’s museum and reconstructed farmstead. In March 2019, Monique hosted Dr. West and CHP fieldwork coordinator Savannah Grandey at the park to visit the current museum exhibit, activity center, and ongoing work on the reconstruction of the late 19th century farmstead. During the visit, CHP staff found that strides were being made in organizing the Hull Library and Archives; the park staff had started to expand the farmstead and create a physical environment more reflective of the late 19th century setting in which Hull lived and worked as a child; and, under Park Manager Hodge’s direction, the staff had re-energized public programming and events that help engage locals and visitors with the park’s natural, cultural, and historic resources, while helping put the park’s activity center to use. After assessing the current interpretation and speaking with Park Manager Hodge regarding the park’s history programing, the CHP team envisioned creating a document that could guide park staff as they continue to improve the use of park resources to tell the story of Nobel Peace Prize-winning Tennessee native Cordell Hull and the Tennessee Upper Cumberland culture that shaped his upbringing. Subsequent visits throughout the fall of 2019 enabled the CHP team to better understand the challenges and opportunities at the park and how staff can efficiently and effectively improve the visitor experience. While the park’s resources include the Bunkum Cave and Bunkum Cave Loop Trail, the following report focuses on providing recommendations for the development of a more cohesive exhibit in the visitor center/museum, a fuller interpretation of the expanding farmstead, and an updated use plan for the activity center. It should be noted that instead of a master interpretive plan meant to overhaul the park’s focus and programming, this interpretation recommendations in the report are structured to guide the park staff in making small to moderately-sized improvements that, taken together, will improve the visitor experience. 3 Site Plan and Visitor Center Approach The map below shows the relationship between the Visitor Center, Activity Center, the 19th century farmstead, and the order in which visitors approach each of these areas from the parking lot. Small changes aimed at better guiding visitors during their initial approach to the state park can have a cumulative effect and set the tone for a better visitor experience. Observations about the Visitor Center’s current use, assets, and opportunities: • There is a well-placed Civil War Trails marker kiosk along the sidewalk that leads to the Visitor Center door. Much of the content is about guerilla warfare in Pickett County, and there is also a paragraph about the naming of the state park after Cordell Hull. • There is a small, exterior introduction panel to the right side of the Visitor Center’s front door. The content of the intro panel includes a brief site history, history of Cordell Hull and the Nobel Prize, list of historic resources, visitor amenities, and explains the location of the Bunkum Cave and the Bunkum Cave Trailhead. While some of this information may be useful to visitors, it is easily missed as it is small and positioned parallel to and set back about three feet from the visitor’s path into the Center. The lengthy paragraphs do not encourage one to stop and read before entering the building. 4 • The Visitor Center lobby is a clean, welcoming space that is filled with natural light, there are seats for visitors to rest, restrooms are easily visible and accessible, and visitors are able to see through the lobby’s glass back wall into the rest of the park. • The lobby contains little signage as to what is at the park and how visitors might best proceed through the buildings and grounds in a way that enhances the visitor experience and maximizes the impact of the park’s resources. • There is a historic “Partners Desk” that Cordell Hull once used in the lobby that is currently serving as an information desk with a map of the park, sign-in sheet, and brochures. While this informational material should be available to visitors, there is nothing explaining how a visitor should proceed or what awaits them in the rest of the park buildings and spaces. • The Cordell Hull Museum is located to the right of the Visitor Center entrance in the south wing of the building. While the double doors to the museum are propped open and the lighting in the museum room is bright, there is little near the entrance that may encourage a visitor to enter it before moving on to the resources outside. 5 • Since the museum room largely focuses on the period of Hull’s life wherein he gained historical significance, it would be most beneficial for visitors to see it during their visit. Further, it would be preferable for visitors to enter the museum before moving on to the farmstead so they are provided the opportunity to learn about Hull’s significance and why his story matters before learning about the place in which he grew up. • Additionally, the museum holds many original artifacts and primary documents from Hull’s political career, providing potential for a particularly compelling narrative about his path to the Nobel Peace Prize. If visitors are not encouraged to enter this space by signage or an attractive entrance, an opportunity to maximize the impact of the park’s resources is missed. Recommendations: • Consider placing a simple kiosk near the Civil War Trails marker, or similarly positioned elsewhere along the path that briefly explains the amenities at the park with a more detailed map of resources, including the cave and hiking trail across the road. While the official park brochure available outside the Visitor Center door does contain a map, and there are park maps available inside, they do not reflect the separate buildings of the park or what can be found in each. A new map more explanatory of the buildings and resources at the park can be used on new kiosks with a “You are here” star where appropriate and they can also be printed for visitor use during their visit. • Proper design and simplicity of a new “intro” sign near or along the same path as the Civil War Trails marker would prevent the signs from competing for visitor attention and encourage visitors to stop and take in the concise information about Cordell Hull Birthplace State Park and what they can expect to find here. The sign could also encourage the visitor to continue to the Visitor Center and Cordell Hull Museum to begin their visit and learn about Hull’s “Path to the Nobel Peace Prize.” • Take down the current exterior intro panel near the entrance to the Visitor Center. 6 • Place a more detailed map of the park resources (mentioned above) in a conspicuous place in the lobby. Since there are no state park personnel to greet visitors, providing a more detailed map in the lobby will help visitors guide themselves during their visit. • Place a directional sign near the entrance of the Cordell Hull Museum that encourages park-goers to start their visit in the museum • Create a more inviting display with interpretive panel that visitors see as they approach Cordell Hull Museum 7 Interpretation Recommendations for Cordell Hull Birthplace State Park As Cordell Hull’s birthplace and with its preservation of many artifacts pertaining to Hull’s international diplomacy, the Cordell Hull Birthplace State Park is well-positioned to share a compelling story of Hull’s life from his late 19th century upbringing in the Upper Cumberland region of Tennessee to his winning of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945. Emphasizing his upbringing in the Upper Cumberland of Tennessee and international diplomacy/winning of the Nobel Peace Prize as two definitive points in the narrative could also provide the opportunity for the park to serve as the region’s “place” where locals and tourists can learn about the seemingly disparate topics in the “place” where Hull’s story began. Cordell Hull Museum Currently, the Cordell Hull Museum within the Visitor Center focuses mostly on Hull’s political career and historic significance. By honing Hull’s political career into narrative themes such as the ones suggested below, adding appropriate interpretive panels, and rearranging some of the existing displays, the state park can start to better align its programming with the resources in the Cordell Hull Collection and effectively share the story of Cordell Hull’s significance and path to the Nobel Peace Prize. Suggested Interpretation Objectives for the Cordell Hull Museum • Provide a concise narrative history of the career
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