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The Urban Incubator: Belgrade the Urban Incubator: Belgrade Is a Cultural Project Supporting the Revitalization of the Now Neglected Belgrade City-Quarter of Savamala

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The Urban Incubator: Belgrade the Urban Incubator: Belgrade Is a Cultural Project Supporting the Revitalization of the Now Neglected Belgrade City-Quarter of Savamala THE PROJECT WELTSTADT – WHO CREATES BANGALORE, BELGRADE, BERLIN, CURITIBA, DAKAR, WELTSTADT EDITORS: THE CITY? IS A JOINT INITIATIVE OF THE JOHANNESBURG, LISBON, MADRID, NEW YORK, WWW.GOETHE.DE / WELTSTADT GOETHE-INSTITUT AND THE GERMAN MATTHIAS BÖTTGER, PORTO ALEGRE, RIGA, SALVADOR, SÃO PAULO, 2 FEDERAL MINISTRY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, SEOUL, TOULOUSE, TURIN, ULAN BATOR ANGELIKA FITZ NATURE CONSERVATION, BUILDING AND NUCLEAR SAFETY (BMUB) BELGRADE URBANISM MATIVE PERFOR BELGRADE THE URBAN INCUBATOR: EDITORIAL: PERFORMATIVE URBANISMTim Rieniets How may one improve living conditions in a Nonetheless, the crisis also harbors city if adequate solutions are lacking at the opportunities. It offers space and time level of official urban planning? If funds are to experiment with other forms of lacking, if responsible institutions are too neighborhood development and to open up weak or if policy-makers or society give up different future perspectives for Savamala. in resignation when confronted with these With this motivation and in cooperation challenges? Such questions are bitter reality with curator Tim Rieniets, the Goethe- in many places and put into question the Institut Belgrad has created the project self-conception and practical capabilities of “Urban Incubator: Belgrade.” The goal of established urban planning. Can established Urban Incubator is to permanently upgrade urban planning fulfill its responsibilities or the quarter by involving the public, not do other methods exist for upgrading urban however with grandiose plans and costly spaces in this situation? construction work, but instead through artistic and social activities. A total of The questions are being asked in the 10 projects from the areas of architecture, Belgrade district of Savamala, too. The design, art and music are at work on Serbian economy is at rock-bottom, the location (see p. 3). A new architecture Savamala. © Tim Rieniets transition from a socialist to a free-market magazine has opened up its editorial system has brought numerous unsolved office in Savamala and is encouraging its ownership issues on the real-estate market authors to reflect on and reinterpret the in its wake, and the young democracy is quarter’s multifaceted history (see p. 13). crippling its own administrative apparatus Art students from Hamburg are helping a through internal power struggles. At the disadvantaged Roma family to design and same time, urban planners are still deeply build furnishings to improve their daily lives rooted in the conceptual world of socialist (p. 14). Architecture students from Belgrade, urban development. They draw up grandiose in dialog with the residents of an apartment plans and hope to realize them in better building, are designing a community space. times. But they, along with their grand visions and technocratic tools are running Although these projects cannot solve the up against limits in the current crisis quarter’s major structural problems, they situation – in particular in a quarter like can produce different spatial qualities: Savamala. they can create new networks and neighborhoods, generate new ideas and Once the city’s most modern and visions, and enhance public perception of cosmopolitan quarter, Savamala was the quarter. This has also not escaped the neglected for decades. Even today, many attention of responsible parties in policy- historic buildings bear witness to the making and administration. And thus it has grandeur of times past (see p. 2), but in the come about that both the Goethe-Institut present, Savamala is mainly characterized and the project authors are no longer by traffic gridlock, dilapidation and disrepair, operating in the protected space of the and social and economic problems. But the cultural area, but have entered the political quarter has great potential. In addition, space of district development (see p. 15). policy-makers and planners are aware of What potentials and risks await both the this fact and have proclaimed Savamala to participating stakeholders and Savamala be Belgrade’s creative district and tourism itself is the central question of this magnet of the future. At present, investors newspaper. are positioning themselves with the aim of profiting from Savamala’s upswing at some point. But in face of the weakness of the Tim Rieniets is curating the Urban Incubator: responsible authorities and the strength of a Belgrade. The trained architect is director of Landesinitiative StadtBauKultur NRW (Northrhine- few tycoons, nothing good is to be expected Westfalia). Currently he is co-curator of the platform for Savamala. Weltstadt. SAVAMALA Savamala is situated on the southern bank of The former Sava port is used as a cemetery Incubator Nova Iskra are forerunners of this the River Sava and was, in the 19th century, for abandoned hulks. Karadjodjeva Street, development. the first Belgrade city quarter to be erected in days gone by one of Belgrade´s most outside the Kalemegdan fortress in the glamorous streets, today serves as a main However, due to economic and political manner of a European city. The name of the traffic artery, used by heavy trucks –a circumstances, the promising future of new quarter is ambiguous and refers to the multi- constant source of noise and pollution– master plans seem a distant prospect. Many cultural history of Belgrade: It is composed of on route to the new Danube port and property issues are still unsolved and further the river’s name, Sava, and the Turkish word destinations across the River Danube. complicated by difficult legal procedures. Mahale, which means neighborhood or city The reasons for the poor condition in which Due to limited public resources, urgent quarter. In Serbian, Savamala translates as Savamala is now found reach back into the investment in infrastructure and public “Little Sava”. era of socialist Yugoslavia, when the quarter spaces has been put on hold. The combined was disregarded as the legacy of feudal and impact of these challenges and the current Savamala is only half a mile from Belgrade´s capitalist eras. financial crisis has effectively resulted in city center. It has a colorful history as port the collapse of the real estate market and and center of trade and commerce and was Suffering from systematic neglect, Savamala investor economy. once the most modern and urbane quarter became dilapidated, while on the other side of the city. Today, Savamala shows a rich of the River Sava New Belgrade was built – Savamala´s future prospects seem unclear. heritage of valuable historical buildings the biggest and most prestigious of all urban The post-war experience, however, shows from the 19th and early 20th century and a developments in the former Yugoslavia. In that a combination of weak public authorities few relics from the Ottoman Empire. Many consequence, in Savamala testimonies to and influential tycoons would leave very little historical buildings were lost in the Second socialist avant-garde architecture are only room for socially and culturally sustainable World War when Belgrade, in 1941 and 1944, rarely found. development in Savamala. But perhaps, the suffered under air raids – first by the German times of crises are times of opportunity, and later by allied forces. More than thirty years after Marshal Tito’s too. Liberated from the economic and death and more than ten years after the bureaucratic restraints of a prospering real Savamala also hosts major city Balkan wars of the 1990 have ended, the estate market, Savamala currently offers infrastructure, including the nearby main sad state of Savamala has hardly improved. ideal conditions to put alternative forms and train station, the bus terminal and two of However, the city authorities and private approaches of city quarter development to the city’s main bridges, connecting the investors are aware of the untapped potential the test. city center to New Belgrade over the River of Savamala. The prospect of a future Sava. However, Savamala is economically “creative quarter” of Belgrade as a business underdeveloped and socially disadvantaged, and tourist attraction exits the imagination of and has a reputation as a home to outcasts, planners and decision-makers alike. Cultural prostitution, and criminality. Many buildings Initiatives such as the Cultural Center Grad are vacated and in a state of dilapidation. (KC GRAD), Mikser Festival, or the Design Map of Savamala. © Goethe-Institut THE SPANISH HOUSE When you approach the ruin of the Spanish having even touched the interior structure of just perforated by double doors and the roof House underneath Branko´s Bridge, you don´t the heritage protected façade which was left by simple skylights. These skylights are The Spanish House. © Tim Rieniets see anything special – just a dilapidated as an empty shell by the former investors. integrated into a ventilated roof construction, house, a historic façade. At second glance, which is covered by yellow translucent though, you will notice some bright yellow Secondly, the decision was taken for plastic panels. During the day, soft sunlight elements inside, shining through the walls´ aesthetic reasons: The concrete formwork is coming in from outside. At night, electric openings. pays tribute to the general impression of the lamps, which are integrated in each skylight, rough and the unfinished. are illuminating both the inside and the You will enter the Spanish House at its outside of the event space. former main entrance and walk up a rough And thirdly, the formwork puts emphasis on but beautiful flight of concrete stairs. The the transitory nature of Savamala and the While you are inside the Spanish House you purpose of these stairs was most probably to Urban Incubator: Formwork is never built to may witness an event of the Urban Incubator; lead to a new hotel reception. In the 1990’s, stay, it is always built for something else to maybe you will join others who are enjoying the Spanish House was given to an investor become real. However, the formwork panels the quiet and peaceful atmosphere inside who wanted to convert the historic building inside the Spanish House will not be filled the ruin; or maybe you are alone, just you into a modern hotel.
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