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Four Species of Spiders (Araneae) New to Sweden SVENALMQUIST

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Four Species of Spiders (Araneae) New to Sweden SVENALMQUIST Four species of spiders (Araneae) new to Sweden SVENALMQUIST Almquist, S.: Four species of spiders (Araneae) new to sweden. [Fyra spindelarter nya fdr Sverige.l - Ent. Tidskr. ll5 (3): ll3 - ll7. Uppsala, Sweden 1994. ISSN 0013-886x. Enoplognatha mordax (Thorell), C e ntome rus pabulator (O. P.-Cambrid ge), Hypsosin ga heri (Hahn) and cheiracanthium pennyi o. P.-cambridge are reported as new to the Swe- dish spider fauna. Swedish material of the latter species was previously misidentified as chiracanthium abbreviatum Simon. The the'idiid, Enoptognatha mordax seems to belong to the wrack fauna at the south coast of Scania, southemmost Sweden. The linyphiid cenr- romerus pabulalor was taken among grass vegetation in edges ofwoods in southern Scania. The Swedish distribution ofthe finger-spine spider Cheiracanthium pennyi is concentrated to the east coast of scania, particularly among young pines. In 1970 two specimens of the orb-weaver Hypsosinga heri were taken on the island Oland from a fen sedge-mire, now drained. The copulatory organs and some other characteristics of the four species are illus- trated. S. Almquist, Sorlabiicksgatan 45 , S-2I6 20 Malmd, Sweden. E noplognatha mordax (Thorell, 1875) Merrett & Snazell (1975) found that the narro- Scania: Trelleborg,30.v. 1942: I female (Holm's collec- wing "tongue"-like opening is a good charac- tion at Zoological Museum of Uppsala), Skanrir, 2.vi. teristic for the species. Copulatory tubes heavily (my 1993: I male collection). sclerotized and spermathecae oval (Fig. 7). Holm identified the female as E. crucifera. Accor- Holm collected a female from rock-weed on a ding to van Helsdingen (1978) the valid name seashore, and a male taken by me in common should be E.mordax (Thorell). grass-wrack, Zostera marina L. on a seashore, Male. Total length 3.3 mm; carapace 1.58 mm where also several juveniles were observed. long and 1.24 mm wide. Carapace yellowish Wiehle (1937) meant that the species has a brown with dark margins. Abdomen with a me- predilection for the seashore and its salt plants. Ac- dian, nearly black band, edged by a white area at cording to Maurer & Hiinggi (1990) the species has the middle. The margins have a folium in dark been found on herbaceous plants in extensively greyish and white (Fig.l from a living specimen). used meadows. Adults have been collected in early The arrangement of the large teeth on chelicerae summer. It has a palearctic distribution. (Fig. 2) distinguishes the species from that in other species of the genus. The palpal tibia is of Centromerus pabulator (O. P. -Cambridge, 1875) about the same length as the cymbium (Figs. 3,4); the thin tip of the embolus makes a very wide Scania: Hagestad fritidsomrAde, 22.xi. 1959: 2 males curve in resting position. and 3 females, 24.ix. l9'76: I male and 2 females. Female. Total length 4.5 mm; carapace 2. 1l mm Male. Total length ca 2.4 mm, carapace ca 1.06 long and 1.65 mm wide. Carapace yellowish mm long, and ca 0.85 mm wide; n=3. Males are brown with greyish brown median line and distinguished by the slightly forked terminal greyish margins (Fig. 5, from specimen in alco- apophysis of the bulb, the long pointed tegular hol). Abdomen with a folium resembling that of a apophysis (Fig.8), and by the dorsal hump of the Zygiella (Locket & Millidge 1953). Epigyne cymbium (Wiehle 1956). with very distinct copulatory opening (Fig. 6). Female. Total length ca 2.5 mm, carapace ca ll3 (1994) Sven Almquist Ent. Tidskr. l15 a Figs.2-7 Enoplognatha mordax. 2-4. Mole.2. Right chelicerae, poslerior view. 3. Right palp, ventral view. 4. Right palp, retrolateral view.5-7. Femole. 5. Corapace and abdomen, dorsal view,from specimen in alcohol.6. Epigyne. T. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scole lines: 0.2 \r mm, except Fig. 5:l ,0 mm. i Detaljer av klotspindeln Enoplognatha mordax. 2'4. Hane. 2. Hdger chelicer, bakifrdn. 3. Htiger polp, un- Fig. l. Enogplognatha mordax, male,from living spe' derifrdn. 4. Hdger palp, yttersidan. 5-7. Hona. 5. Fram- cimen. Scale line: I mm. och bakkropp, uppifrdn. 6. Kiinsfiiltet. 7. Sperma- behdllare ovanifrdn. Skallinjer 0.2 mm med und. av Klotspindeln Enogplognatha mordar, hane, tecknad fig.5:l mm. fr,in levande exemplar. Skallinie I mm. 1.06 mm long and ca 0.77 mm wide; n=5. The Hypsosinga fteri (Hahn, l83l) epigyne has narrow, curved spelrnathecae (Fig.9). Oland: Boda, Sjtistorps skogsmyr, T.vi. 1970:1 male and The specimens were collected in grass at the I female. edge of a pine heath rich in mosses, and in grass at the edge of a dense wood of low-grown oaks. The specimen from the area of Messaure, Lule Wiehle (1956) recorded habitats as the ground of Lappmark (Koponen, 1974) named Singa herii coniferous forests, between moss and low plants, belongs to another species (Koponen, personal e.g. under bilberry. v. Broen & Moritz (1964) re- communication). ported the species as a dominating one in moss Male. Total length 2.5 mm; carapace 1.30 mm atdVaccinum in coniferous forests. According to long, and 1.06 mm wide. Carapace: cephalic divi- Maurer & Hiinggi (1990) it lives on woodland sion is nearly black, distinctly contrasted with the floor, in stands of Pizu s mugo in alpine and poor yellowish brown thoracic region, abdomen dor- grassland. sally greyish brown with a short whitish median Both sexes seem to reach maturity in autumn band and three pairs of light muscle attachments like many other species of the genus (Kronestedt (Fig. l0). The whole body is very glossy. Median 1968). The species is distributed in most European apophysis of the bulb is curved and pointed (Fig. countries, but not in Great Britain. I l), embolus is long and thin (Fig. l2). tt4 (1994) Ent. Tidskr. ll5 Spiders new to Sweden 11 13 10 Figs. 8-9. Centromerus pabulaton 8. Right palp, retrolateral view.9. Epigyne. Scole line: 0.2 mm. Figs. l0-15. Hypsosinga heri.10-12. Male.10. Carapace and abdomen, dorsal view, from living speci- Detaljer av mattvdvarspindeln Centromerus pabulator. men. II. Right palp, ventral view. 12. Right palp, 8. H 6 ge r pa lp, y t t e r s idan. 9. H o na ns kt;nsfrilt. S ka I li nj e : retrolateral view. l3-15. Female. 13. Carapace and ab- 0.2 mm. domen,dorsal view, from living specimen. 14. Epigyne, ventral view. 15. Epigyne, posterior view with scale on Female. Total length 4.3 mm; carapace 1.67 mm ,{;:r, Scale lines 0.2 mm, except Figs. t0 and I3:t .0 Iong and 1.25 mm wide. Carapace has softer colours compared with those of the male (Fig. I 3). Detaljer av hjulspindeln Hypsosinga hei. I0-12. Hane. Dorsum of abdomen whitish with two dark bands 10. Fram- och bakkropp, uppifrdn,frdn levande ex. ll. and an indistinct median greyish band. The female Hdger palp, underifrdn. 12. Hdger polp, yttersidan. l3- is also conspicuously shiny. The epigyne has a 15. Hona, 13. Fram- och bakkropp, uppifrdn, frdn le- wide median septum ( Fig. l4), in posterior view a vande ex. 14. Kdnsfeiltet, underifrdn. 15. Ki)nsfdltet, scale is visible on left side (Fig. l5). Hypsosinga bakifrdn med ett fjiill pd vtinster sida. Skallinjer 0.2 mm, differs from all other genera of Araneidae in med und. avfig. l0 och I3:1.0 mm. having a large transparent scale attached to the base of the embolus. The scale breaks off during mating and lodges in the epigynum (Levi 1972). The specimens were found in an open Cladium Borrby strand, l7.vi. 1949l: I female, Borrby, MZilarhu- mariscus-mire surrounded by a mixed forest. Se- sens strandbad, l8.ix. 1949:12 males and 5 females, Vi- veral orb-webs were placed close to the water taby, N. Vitem6lla l9.ix. 1949:6 males and I female, surface. The following year the mire was totally Ravlunda, O. Stigelund, l9.ix. 1949: 2 males, St. Krip- drained by ditching! According to Wiehle (193 l) inge 24.ix. 1949: 1 male and 7 females (Lohmander's the species prefers the border of stagnant waters collection at Museum of Natural History, Gothenburg). where the web is placed among reed, grass and Lohmander (1950) reported this species for the herbs in open conditions. Locket & Millidge first time from Sweden under the narne (1953) accentuated the fact that H. lives heri on Chiracanthium abbreviatum Simon. At that time low plants near water. In Israel very few speci- the nearest previous finds were from France. Si- mens were taken from heads papyrus reed of mon (1878) found apparent similarities between (Levy 1984). Adult in early summer. This rare Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer) and the species has been collected in many European female which he named C. abbreviatun. Simon countries. ( 1932) later placed C. abbreviatum as a local form of C. pelasgicum (C. L. Koch), at the same time Cheiracanthium pennyi O. P.-Cambridge, 1873 treating C. pennyi as a distinct species. Scania: Maglehem, Nyagrop, 13.v. 1949: I female, Male. Total length 4.5t0.3 mm, range 5.0-4.1; 115 Tidskr. 115 (1994) Sven Almquist Ent. Figs. t6-19. Cheiracanthium pennyi. 16-17. Right palp: l6 ventral view, 17 retrolateral view. 18. Epigyne. 19. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scole lines: 0.2 mm. Detaljer av fingertaggspindeln Cheiracanthium pennyi. 16-17. Hdger palp: 16 underifrdn, 17 ytter' sidan. 18 Honans kdnsftilt. 19. Spermabehdllare ovani' frdn. Skallinjer 0.2 mm. Figs. 20-22. Cheiracanthium erraticum. 20-2 l . Right carapace 2.lltO.l0 mm long, tan9e 2.35-1.96, palp: 20 ventral view.
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