DOCSLIB.ORG

L№5-Peritoneum.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Morphological and functional characteristics of serous cavities. Peritoneum, visceral peritoneum and parietal peritoneum, sacs, omentums. Questions submitted for the exam: 1. Peritoneum, its parietal and visceral leyers, their topography. Peritoneal ligaments, mesentery. Peritoneal cavity. 2. Greater omentum and lesser omentum, the contents of the omentum. The sacs of the peritoneum. 3. Characteristics of serous cavities. Location of organs in relation to the peritoneum. 4. Development of the peritoneum. Cavities of the human body* Netter F.H. Atlas of Human Anatomy. /F.N. Netter – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 624p. The peritoneum is a serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity and the organs located in this cavity. Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Functions of the peritoneum: 1. transudate (the secretion of serous fluid), 2. bactericidal action, 3. receptor properties, 4. plastic properties (shown only in pathology) Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. The peritoneum that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity is called the parietal peritoneum, peritoneum parietale. The peritoneum that covers the organs is called the visceral peritoneum, peritoneum viscerale. Between the leaves of the peritoneum is the peritoneal cavity, cavitas peritonealis. Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. The departments of the peritoneal cavity* Upper department Middle department Lower department * Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Relationship of internal organs to the Position of organs in the thoracic and peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, abdominal cavities, front view sagittal section lesser omentum lesser omentum Greater omentum Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. The lesser omentum, omentum minus is formed from two ligaments (lig. hepatogastricum and lig. hepatoduodenale). the contents of the lesser omentum common bile duct, ductus choledochus, common hepatic artery, a. hepatica communis, portal vein , v. portae hepatis. Relief of the internal surface of the anterior abdominal wall (posterior aspect)* 1. the lateral umbilical fold (plica umbilicalis lateralis) 6 2. the medial umbilical fold (plica umbilicalis medialis) 3. the median umbilical fold (plica umbilicalis mediana) 4. the supravesical fossa (fossa supravesicalis) 5. the medial inguinal fossa (fossa inguinalis medialis) 6. the lateral inguinal fossa (fossa inguinalis lateralis) The right subphrenic space, bursa hepatica* The left subphrenic space, bursa pregastrica* transverse section Lateral part of the left subphrenic space is the splenic recess, recessus lienalis (scheme)* lig. phrenicocolicum (5), lig. gastrolienale (3), lig. phrenicolienale (4) The omental bursa or lesser sac, bursa omentalis* The epiploic foramen or foramen of Winslow, foramen epiploicum (anterior aspect)* * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. the right abdominal canal (1), canalis lateralis dexter The left abdominal canal, canalis lateralis sinister (2); the right mesenteric sinus, sinus mesentericus dexter (3), The left mesenteric sinus, sinus mesentericus sinister (4)* * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Cavity of the lesser pelvis (male), sagittal section* • the rectovesical pouch, excavation rectovesicalis * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Cavity of the lesser pelvis (female), sagittal section* • Vesico-uterine pouch, excavation vesicouterina • Recto-uterine pouch of Douglas, excavation rectjouterina * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. 1. Intraperitoneal position 2. Mesoperitoneal position 3. Extraperitoneal position The abdominal cavity, transverse section* Intraperitoneal position • small intestine, • stomach, • vermiform appendix, • transverse colon, • sigmoid colon, • rectum in its upper third, • uterine tube Organs that have a mesentery: • small intestine (mesenterium), • stomach (mesogastrium), • vermiform appendix (mesoappendix), • transverse colon (mesocolon transversum), mesenterium • sigmoid colon (mesocolon sigmoideum), • rectum in its upper third (mesоrectum), • uterine tube (mesosalpinx), • ovary (mesovarium) Mesoperitoneal position • the ascending and descending parts of the colon, • the middle third of the rectum, • liver, • gallbladder, • urinary bladder (filled with) Extraperitoneal position • the kidneys, • ureters, • pancreas, • duodenum, • lower third of the rectum, • emptied urinary bladder, • abdominal part of the aorta, • lower Vena cava, • thoracic duct Development of the peritoneum (scheme)* .
Recommended publications
  • Dr. ALSHIKH YOUSSEF Haiyan

    Dr. ALSHIKH YOUSSEF Haiyan

    Dr. ALSHIKH YOUSSEF Haiyan General features The peritoneum is a thin serous membrane Consisting of: 1- Parietal peritoneum －lines the ant. Abdominal wall and the pelvis 2- Visceral peritoneum - covers the viscera 3- Peritoneal cavity - the potential space between the parietal and visceral layer of peritoneum - in male, is a closed sac - but in the female, there is a communication with the exterior through the uterine tubes, the uterus, and the vagina ▪ Peritoneum cavity divided into Greater sac Lesser sac Communication between them by the epiploic foramen The peritoneum The peritoneal cavity is the largest one in the body. Divided into tow sac : .Greater sac; extends from diaphragm down to the pelvis. Lesser Sac .Lesser sac or omental bursa; lies behind the stomach. .Both cavities are interconnected through the epiploic foramen(winslow ). .In male : the peritoneum is a closed sac . .In female : the sac is not completely closed because it Greater Sac communicates with the exterior through the uterine tubes, uterus and vagina. Peritoneum in transverse section The relationship between viscera and peritoneum Intraperitoneal viscera viscera is almost totally covered with visceral peritoneum example, stomach, 1st & last inch of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, vermiform appendix, transverse and sigmoid colons, spleen and ovary Intraperitoneal viscera Interperitoneal viscera Retroperitoneal viscera Interperitoneal viscera Such organs are not completely wrapped by peritoneum one surface attached to the abdominal walls or other organs. Example liver, gallbladder, urinary bladder and uterus Upper part of the rectum, Ascending and Descending colon Retroperitoneal viscera some organs lie on the posterior abdominal wall Behind the peritoneum they are partially covered by peritoneum on their anterior surfaces only Example kidney, suprarenal gland, pancreas, upper 3rd of rectum duodenum, and ureter, aorta and I.V.C The Peritoneal Reflection The peritoneal reflection include: omentum, mesenteries, ligaments, folds, recesses, pouches and fossae.
  • Ligaments －Two-Layered Folds of Peritoneum That Attached the Lesser Mobile Solid Viscera to the Abdominal Wall

    Ligaments －Two-Layered Folds of Peritoneum That Attached the Lesser Mobile Solid Viscera to the Abdominal Wall

    Ingegneria delle tecnologie per la salute Fondamenti di anatomia e istologia aa. 2019-20 Lesson 7. Digestive system and peritoneum Peritoneum, abdominal vessel and spleen PERITONEUM: General features = a thin serous membrane that line walls of abdominal and pelvic cavities and cover organs within these cavities •Parietal peritoneum －lines walls of abdominal and pelvic cavities •Visceral peritoneum －covers organs •Peritoneal cavity － potential space between parietal and visceral layer of peritoneum, in male, is a closed sac, but in female, there is a communication with exterior through uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina Function • Secretes a lubricating serous fluid that continuously moistens associated organs • Absorb • Support viscera Peritoneum Histology The peritoneum is a serosal membrane that consists of a single layer of mesothelial cells and is supported by a basement membrane. The layer is attached to the body wall and viscera by a glycosaminoglycan matrix that contains collagen fibers, vessels, nerves, macrophages, and fat cells. relationship between viscera and peritoneum • Intraperitoneal viscera －viscera completely surrounded by peritoneum, example, stomach, superior part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, vermiform appendix, transverse and sigmoid colons, spleen and ovary • Interperitoneal viscera －most part of viscera surrounded by peritoneum, example, liver, gallbladder, ascending and descending colon, upper part of rectum, urinary bladder and uterus • Retroperitoneal viscera －some organs lie on the posterior abdominal
  • Abdominal Wall and Peritoneal Cavity Module Staff: Dr

    Abdominal Wall and Peritoneal Cavity Module Staff: Dr

    UNIVERSITY OF BASRAH Ministry of higher Education AL- ZAHRAA MEDICAL COLLEGE and Scientific Researches Module: Gastro-Intestinal Tract (GIT) Semester: 4 Session: 3 L 2:Introduction Abdominal wall and peritoneal cavity Module Staff: Dr. Wisam Hamza ( module leader ) Dr. Jawad Ramadan Dr. Nawal Mustafa Dr .Nehaya Menahi Dr Sadek Hassan Dr Miami yousif Dr Farqad Al hamdani Dr Hussein Katai Dr Haithem Almoamen Dr WameethnAlqatrani Dr Ihsan Mardan Dr. Amani Naama Dr Zaineb Ahmed Dr. Nada Hashim Dr Ilham Mohammed Dr Hameed Abbas Dr Mayada Abullah Dr Hamid Jadoaa Dr Raghda Shabban Dr Ansam Munathel Dr Mohammed Al Hajaj Essentials of Pathophysiology. 3rd Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins [2011]; Gastrointestinal system – crash course. 3rd Edition, Mosby [2008] Grays anatomy For more detailed instructions, any question, or you have a case you need help in, please post to the group of session UNIVERSITY OF BASRAH Ministry of higher Education AL- ZAHRAA MEDICAL COLLEGE and Scientific Researches Learning objectives: 9. Describe surface regions of abdominal wall and planes 10. Describe Surface anatomy of abdominal wall and markers of abdominal viscera 11. Describe the general appearance and disposition of major abdominal viscera 12. Explain the concept of peritoneal cavity as a virtual space 13. Describe the structures of peritonium and peritoneal reflections 14. Describe the structures and relations of : - Supra and infra colic compartments - greater and lesser omentium - Greater and lesser sac , subphrenic spaces Rt posterior ? - Rt and Lt para colic gutters - Recto uterine and uterovesicle poutch in female - Recto vesical pouch in male , - mesentry of small intestine - sigmid mesocolon UNIVERSITY OF BASRAH Ministry of higher Education AL- ZAHRAA MEDICAL COLLEGE and Scientific Researches Abdominal planes LO9,11 4 quadrants 9 regions UNIVERSITY OF BASRAH Ministry of higher Education AL- ZAHRAA MEDICAL COLLEGE and Scientific Researches Lo10 Abdominal wall and • The anterior abdominal wall is made up of : 1.
  • Greater Omentum Connects the Greater Curvature of the Stomach to the Transverse Colon

    Greater Omentum Connects the Greater Curvature of the Stomach to the Transverse Colon

    Dr. ALSHIKH YOUSSEF Haiyan General features The peritoneum is a thin serous membrane Consisting of: 1- Parietal peritoneum －lines the ant. Abdominal wall and the pelvis 2- Visceral peritoneum - covers the viscera 3- Peritoneal cavity - the potential space between the parietal and visceral layer of peritoneum - in male, is a closed sac - but in the female, there is a communication with the exterior through the uterine tubes, the uterus, and the vagina ▪ Peritoneum cavity divided into Greater sac Lesser sac Communication between them by the epiploic foramen The peritoneum The peritoneal cavity is the largest one in the body. Divided into tow sac : .Greater sac; extends from diaphragm down to the pelvis. Lesser Sac .Lesser sac or omental bursa; lies behind the stomach. .Both cavities are interconnected through the epiploic foramen(winslow ). .In male : the peritoneum is a closed sac . .In female : the sac is not completely closed because it Greater Sac communicates with the exterior through the uterine tubes, uterus and vagina. Peritoneum in transverse section The relationship between viscera and peritoneum Intraperitoneal viscera viscera is almost totally covered with visceral peritoneum example, stomach, 1st & last inch of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, vermiform appendix, transverse and sigmoid colons, spleen and ovary Intraperitoneal viscera Interperitoneal viscera Retroperitoneal viscera Interperitoneal viscera Such organs are not completely wrapped by peritoneum one surface attached to the abdominal walls or other organs. Example liver, gallbladder, urinary bladder and uterus Upper part of the rectum, Ascending and Descending colon Retroperitoneal viscera some organs lie on the posterior abdominal wall Behind the peritoneum they are partially covered by peritoneum on their anterior surfaces only Example kidney, suprarenal gland, pancreas, upper 3rd of rectum duodenum, and ureter, aorta and I.V.C The Peritoneal Reflection The peritoneal reflection include: omentum, mesenteries, ligaments, folds, recesses, pouches and fossae.
  • CHAPTER 6 Perineum and True Pelvis

    CHAPTER 6 Perineum and True Pelvis

    193 CHAPTER 6 Perineum and True Pelvis THE PELVIC REGION OF THE BODY Posterior Trunk of Internal Iliac--Its Iliolumbar, Lateral Sacral, and Superior Gluteal Branches WALLS OF THE PELVIC CAVITY Anterior Trunk of Internal Iliac--Its Umbilical, Posterior, Anterolateral, and Anterior Walls Obturator, Inferior Gluteal, Internal Pudendal, Inferior Wall--the Pelvic Diaphragm Middle Rectal, and Sex-Dependent Branches Levator Ani Sex-dependent Branches of Anterior Trunk -- Coccygeus (Ischiococcygeus) Inferior Vesical Artery in Males and Uterine Puborectalis (Considered by Some Persons to be a Artery in Females Third Part of Levator Ani) Anastomotic Connections of the Internal Iliac Another Hole in the Pelvic Diaphragm--the Greater Artery Sciatic Foramen VEINS OF THE PELVIC CAVITY PERINEUM Urogenital Triangle VENTRAL RAMI WITHIN THE PELVIC Contents of the Urogenital Triangle CAVITY Perineal Membrane Obturator Nerve Perineal Muscles Superior to the Perineal Sacral Plexus Membrane--Sphincter urethrae (Both Sexes), Other Branches of Sacral Ventral Rami Deep Transverse Perineus (Males), Sphincter Nerves to the Pelvic Diaphragm Urethrovaginalis (Females), Compressor Pudendal Nerve (for Muscles of Perineum and Most Urethrae (Females) of Its Skin) Genital Structures Opposed to the Inferior Surface Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves (Parasympathetic of the Perineal Membrane -- Crura of Phallus, Preganglionic From S3 and S4) Bulb of Penis (Males), Bulb of Vestibule Coccygeal Plexus (Females) Muscles Associated with the Crura and PELVIC PORTION OF THE SYMPATHETIC
  • Abdominal Oesophagus, Stomach

    Abdominal Oesophagus, Stomach

    ABDOMINAL OESOPHAGUS, STOMACH Dr. Zahiri Transpyloric plane An upper transverse line =Addison's Plane located halfway between the jugular notch and the upper border of the pubic symphysis It is also said to lie roughly a hand's breadth beneath the xiphoid process of the human sternum. (9th costal cartilages and the lower border of the L1) Dr. Maria Zahiri Structures crossed the fundus of the gallbladder the origin of the superior mesenteric artery (termination of the superior mesenteric vein) hilum of the kidney the root of the transverse mesocolon duodenojejunal flexure Dr. Maria Zahiri intertubercular plane (or transtubercular lower transverse line midway between the upper transverse and the upper border of the pubic symphysis passing through the iliac tubercles L5 Dr. Maria Zahiri subcostal plane is a transverse plane which bisects the body at the level of the costal margin L3 Dr. Maria Zahiri interspinous line Transumbilical line (L3- L4) Dr. Maria Zahiri Deep surface of the anterior abdominal wall 3 ligament & peritoneal fold 3 peritoneal fossae Dr. Maria Zahiri median umbilical ligament Remnant of the embryonic urachus. It extends from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus It is covered by the median umbilical fold Dr. Maria Zahiri medial umbilical ligament = cord of umbilical artery is a paired structure is covered by the medial umbilical folds It represents the remnant of the fetal umbilical arteries used as a landmark for surgeons exploring the medial inguinal fossa during laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Dr. Maria Zahiri lateral umbilical fold overlies the inferior epigastric artery (a branch of the external iliac artery remain functional after birth It originates just medial to the deep inguinal ring Dr.
  • Gross Anatomy Mcqs Database Contents 1

    Gross Anatomy Mcqs Database Contents 1

    Gross Anatomy MCQs Database Contents 1. The abdomino-pelvic boundary is level with: 8. The superficial boundary between abdomen and a. the ischiadic spine & pelvic diaphragm thorax does NOT include: b. the arcuate lines of coxal bones & promontorium a. xiphoid process c. the pubic symphysis & iliac crests b. inferior margin of costal cartilages 7-10 d. the iliac crests & promontorium c. inferior margin of ribs 10-12 e. none of the above d. tip of spinous process T12 e. tendinous center of diaphragm 2. The inferior limit of the abdominal walls includes: a. the anterior inferior iliac spines 9. Insertions of external oblique muscle: b. the posterior inferior iliac spines a. iliac crest, external lip c. the inguinal ligament b. pubis d. the arcuate ligament c. inguinal ligament e. all the above d. rectus sheath e. all of the above 3. The thoraco-abdominal boundary is: a. the diaphragma muscle 10. The actions of the rectus abdominis muscle: b. the subcostal line a. increase of abdominal pressure c. the T12 horizontal plane b. decrease of thoracic volume d. the inferior costal rim c. hardening of the anterior abdominal wall e. the subchondral line d. flexion of the trunk e. all of the above 4. Organ that passes through the pelvic inlet occasionally: 11. The common action of the abdominal wall muscles: a. sigmoid colon a. lateral bending of the trunk b. ureters b. increase of abdominal pressure c. common iliac vessels c. flexion of the trunk d. hypogastric nerves d. rotation of the trunk e. uterus e. all the above 5.
  • Mvdr. Natália Hvizdošová, Phd. Mudr. Zuzana Kováčová

    Mvdr. Natália Hvizdošová, Phd. Mudr. Zuzana Kováčová

    MVDr. Natália Hvizdošová, PhD. MUDr. Zuzana Kováčová ABDOMEN Borders outer: xiphoid process, costal arch, Th12 iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), inguinal lig., mons pubis internal: diaphragm (on the right side extends to the 4th intercostal space, on the left side extends to the 5th intercostal space) plane through terminal line Abdominal regions superior - epigastrium (regions: epigastric, hypochondriac left and right) middle - mesogastrium (regions: umbilical, lateral left and right) inferior - hypogastrium (regions: pubic, inguinal left and right) ABDOMINAL WALL Orientation lines xiphisternal line – Th8 subcostal line – L3 bispinal line (transtubercular) – L5 Clinically important lines transpyloric line – L1 (pylorus, duodenal bulb, fundus of gallbladder, superior mesenteric a., cisterna chyli, hilum of kidney, lower border of spinal cord) transumbilical line – L4 Bones Lumbar vertebrae (5): body vertebral arch – lamina of arch, pedicle of arch, superior and inferior vertebral notch – intervertebral foramen vertebral foramen spinous process superior articular process – mammillary process inferior articular process costal process – accessory process Sacrum base of sacrum – promontory, superior articular process lateral part – wing, auricular surface, sacral tuberosity pelvic surface – transverse lines (ridges), anterior sacral foramina dorsal surface – median, intermediate, lateral sacral crest, posterior sacral foramina, sacral horn, sacral canal, sacral hiatus apex of the sacrum Coccyx coccygeal horn Layers of the abdominal wall 1. SKIN 2. SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE + SUPERFICIAL FASCIAS + SUPRAFASCIAL STRUCTURES Superficial fascias: Camper´s fascia (fatty layer) – downward becomes dartos m. Scarpa´s fascia (membranous layer) – downward becomes superficial perineal fascia of Colles´) dartos m. + Colles´ fascia = tunica dartos Suprafascial structures: Arteries and veins: cutaneous brr. of posterior intercostal a. and v., and musculophrenic a.
  • SPLANCHNOLOGY Part I. Digestive System (Пищеварительная Система)

    SPLANCHNOLOGY Part I. Digestive System (Пищеварительная Система)

    КАЗАНСКИЙ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ИНСТИТУТ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ И БИОЛОГИИ Кафедра морфологии и общей патологии А.А. Гумерова, С.Р. Абдулхаков, А.П. Киясов, Д.И. Андреева SPLANCHNOLOGY Part I. Digestive system (Пищеварительная система) Учебно-методическое пособие на английском языке Казань – 2015 УДК 611.71 ББК 28.706 Принято на заседании кафедры морфологии и общей патологии Протокол № 9 от 18 апреля 2015 года Рецензенты: кандидат медицинских наук, доцент каф. топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии КГМУ С.А. Обыдённов; кандидат медицинских наук, доцент каф. топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии КГМУ Ф.Г. Биккинеев Гумерова А.А., Абдулхаков С.Р., Киясов А.П., Андреева Д.И. SPLANCHNOLOGY. Part I. Digestive system / А.А. Гумерова, С.Р. Абдулхаков, А.П. Киясов, Д.И. Андреева. – Казань: Казан. ун-т, 2015. – 53 с. Учебно-методическое пособие адресовано студентам первого курса медицинских специальностей, проходящим обучение на английском языке, для самостоятельного изучения нормальной анатомии человека. Пособие посвящено Спланхнологии (науке о внутренних органах). В данной первой части пособия рассматривается анатомическое строение и функции системы в целом и отдельных органов, таких как полость рта, пищевод, желудок, тонкий и толстый кишечник, железы пищеварительной системы, а также расположение органов в брюшной полости и их взаимоотношения с брюшиной. Учебно-методическое пособие содержит в себе необходимые термины и объём информации, достаточный для сдачи модуля по данному разделу. © Гумерова А.А., Абдулхаков С.Р., Киясов А.П., Андреева Д.И., 2015 © Казанский университет, 2015 2 THE ALIMENTARY SYSTEM (systema alimentarium/digestorium) The alimentary system is a complex of organs with the function of mechanical and chemical treatment of food, absorption of the treated nutrients, and excretion of undigested remnants.
  • ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY and PERITONEUM

    ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY and PERITONEUM

    Gross Anatomy of the ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY and PERITONEUM M1 Gross and Developmental Anatomy 8:00 AM, November 12, 2008 Dr. Milton M. Sholley Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology Lymphatic vessels of the testis drain up to lumbar lymph nodes. That is, lymph from the testis drains retrogradely along the pathway of the descent of the testis. Lymphatic vessels of the scrotum drain to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes (just like the rest of the skin of the lower abdomen, thigh, and genitalia). 2 Inferior epigastric vessels Median umbilical fold Medial umbilical fold Obliterated umbilical artery Lateral umbilical fold 3 2 1. Supravesical fossa 1 2. Medial inguinal fossa 3. Lateral inguinal fossa Urachus Posterior view 3 Four abdominal wall flaps will be created by making one vertical cut and one horizontal cut. Position the cuts so that the umbilicus stays with the lower left or the lower right flap. 4 5 Posterior view Grant’s Atlas, 12th ed. Fig. 2.18, p. 1196 Grant’s Atlas, 12th ed. Fig. 2.35D, p. 1367 Grant’s Atlas, 12th ed. Fig. 2.36B, p. 1378 The abdominal and pelvic cavities are continuous. i.e. There is an abdominopelvic cavity. (Sagittal section drawing) 9 (Frontal section drawing) Anterosuperior view Grant’s Atlas, 11th ed. p. 191 P S P False (greater) pelvis is above line PS P True (lesser) pelvis is below line PS P=Promontory of sacrum S=Symphysis of pubis S S Line PS=congugate diameter (Sagittal section drawing) (Sagittal section drawing)10 • The abdominopelvic cavity is lined with parietal peritoneum.
  • Forgotten Ligaments of the Anterior Abdominal Wall: Have You Heard Their Voices?

    Forgotten Ligaments of the Anterior Abdominal Wall: Have You Heard Their Voices?

    Japanese Journal of Radiology (2019) 37:750–772 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-019-00869-5 INVITED REVIEW Four “fne” messages from four kinds of “fne” forgotten ligaments of the anterior abdominal wall: have you heard their voices? Toshihide Yamaoka1 · Kensuke Kurihara1 · Aki Kido2 · Kaori Togashi2 Received: 28 July 2019 / Accepted: 3 September 2019 / Published online: 14 September 2019 © Japan Radiological Society 2019 Abstract On the posterior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall, there are four kinds of “fne” ligaments. They are: the round ligament of the liver, median umbilical ligament (UL), a pair of medial ULs, and a pair of lateral ULs. Four of them (the round liga- ment, median UL, and paired medial ULs) meet at the umbilicus because they originate from the contents of the umbilical cord. The round ligament of the liver originates from the umbilical vein, the medial ULs from the umbilical arteries, and the median UL from the urachus. These structures help radiologists identify right-sided round ligament (RSRL) (a rare, but surgically important normal variant), as well as to diferentiate groin hernias. The ligaments can be involved in infamma- tion; moreover, tumors can arise from them. Unique symptoms such as umbilical discharge and/or location of pathologies relating to their embryology are important in diagnosing their pathologies. In this article, we comprehensively review the anatomy, embryology, and pathology of the “fne” abdominal ligaments and highlight representative cases with emphasis on clinical signifcance. Keywords Hepatic round ligament · Right-sided round ligament · Umbilical ligament · Groin hernia Introduction Anatomy On the posterior wall of the anterior abdominal wall, there Four “fne” ligaments of the posterior aspect of the anterior are forgotten ligaments.
  • Peritoneum by MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN

    Peritoneum by MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN

    MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN ..... STUDYLOVERS.COM 1 The peritoneum BY MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN ..... STUDYLOVERS.COM 2 General features The peritoneum is a thin serous membrane that line the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities and cover the organs within these cavities Parietal peritoneum －lines the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities Visceral peritoneum －covers the organs Peritoneal cavity －the potential space between the parietal and visceral layer of peritoneum, in the mail, is a closed sac, but in the female, there is a communication with the exterior through the uterine tubes, the uterus, and the vagina MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN ..... STUDYLOVERS.COM 3 Function Secretes a lubricating serous fluid that continuously moistens the associated organs Absorb Support viscera MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN ..... STUDYLOVERS.COM 4 The relationship between viscera and peritoneum Intraperitoneal viscera －viscera completely surrounded by peritoneum, example, stomach, superior part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, vermiform appendix, transverse and sigmoid colons, spleen and ovary Interperitoneal viscera －most part of viscera surrounded by peritoneum, example, liver, gallbladder, ascending and descending colon, upper part of rectum, urinary bladder and uterus Retroperitoneal viscera －some organs lie on the posterior abdominal wall and are covered by peritoneum on their anterior surfaces only, example, kidney, suprarenal gland, pancreas, descending and horizontal parts of duodenum, middle and lower parts of rectum, and ureter Intraperitoneal viscera Interperitoneal viscera Retroperitoneal viscera MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN ..... STUDYLOVERS.COM 5 Interperitoneal viscera MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN ..... STUDYLOVERS.COM 6 Structures which are formed by peritoneum Omentum －two-layered fold of peritoneum that extends from stomach to adjacent organs MUHAMMAD RAMZAN UL REHMAN ....