Morphological and functional characteristics of serous cavities. Peritoneum, visceral peritoneum and parietal peritoneum, sacs, omentums. Questions submitted for the exam: 1. Peritoneum, its parietal and visceral leyers, their topography. Peritoneal ligaments, mesentery. Peritoneal cavity. 2. Greater omentum and lesser omentum, the contents of the omentum. The sacs of the peritoneum. 3. Characteristics of serous cavities. Location of organs in relation to the peritoneum. 4. Development of the peritoneum. Cavities of the human body* Netter F.H. Atlas of Human Anatomy. /F.N. Netter – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 624p. The peritoneum is a serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity and the organs located in this cavity. Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Functions of the peritoneum: 1. transudate (the secretion of serous fluid), 2. bactericidal action, 3. receptor properties, 4. plastic properties (shown only in pathology) Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. The peritoneum that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity is called the parietal peritoneum, peritoneum parietale. The peritoneum that covers the organs is called the visceral peritoneum, peritoneum viscerale. Between the leaves of the peritoneum is the peritoneal cavity, cavitas peritonealis. Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. The departments of the peritoneal cavity* Upper department Middle department Lower department * Relationship of internal organs to the peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, sagittal section Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Relationship of internal organs to the Position of organs in the thoracic and peritoneum in the male abdominal cavity, abdominal cavities, front view sagittal section lesser omentum lesser omentum Greater omentum Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. The lesser omentum, omentum minus is formed from two ligaments (lig. hepatogastricum and lig. hepatoduodenale). the contents of the lesser omentum common bile duct, ductus choledochus, common hepatic artery, a. hepatica communis, portal vein , v. portae hepatis. Relief of the internal surface of the anterior abdominal wall (posterior aspect)* 1. the lateral umbilical fold (plica umbilicalis lateralis) 6 2. the medial umbilical fold (plica umbilicalis medialis) 3. the median umbilical fold (plica umbilicalis mediana) 4. the supravesical fossa (fossa supravesicalis) 5. the medial inguinal fossa (fossa inguinalis medialis) 6. the lateral inguinal fossa (fossa inguinalis lateralis) The right subphrenic space, bursa hepatica* The left subphrenic space, bursa pregastrica* transverse section Lateral part of the left subphrenic space is the splenic recess, recessus lienalis (scheme)* lig. phrenicocolicum (5), lig. gastrolienale (3), lig. phrenicolienale (4) The omental bursa or lesser sac, bursa omentalis* The epiploic foramen or foramen of Winslow, foramen epiploicum (anterior aspect)* * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. the right abdominal canal (1), canalis lateralis dexter The left abdominal canal, canalis lateralis sinister (2); the right mesenteric sinus, sinus mesentericus dexter (3), The left mesenteric sinus, sinus mesentericus sinister (4)* * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Cavity of the lesser pelvis (male), sagittal section* • the rectovesical pouch, excavation rectovesicalis * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. Cavity of the lesser pelvis (female), sagittal section* • Vesico-uterine pouch, excavation vesicouterina • Recto-uterine pouch of Douglas, excavation rectjouterina * Textbook of Human Anatomy. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Splanchnology and cardiovascular system / L.L. Kolesnikov, D.B. Nikituk, S.V. Klochkova, I.G. Stelnikova. – M.: GEOTAR – Media, 2018. – 320p. 1. Intraperitoneal position 2. Mesoperitoneal position 3. Extraperitoneal position The abdominal cavity, transverse section* Intraperitoneal position • small intestine, • stomach, • vermiform appendix, • transverse colon, • sigmoid colon, • rectum in its upper third, • uterine tube Organs that have a mesentery: • small intestine (mesenterium), • stomach (mesogastrium), • vermiform appendix (mesoappendix), • transverse colon (mesocolon transversum), mesenterium • sigmoid colon (mesocolon sigmoideum), • rectum in its upper third (mesоrectum), • uterine tube (mesosalpinx), • ovary (mesovarium) Mesoperitoneal position • the ascending and descending parts of the colon, • the middle third of the rectum, • liver, • gallbladder, • urinary bladder (filled with) Extraperitoneal position • the kidneys, • ureters, • pancreas, • duodenum, • lower third of the rectum, • emptied urinary bladder, • abdominal part of the aorta, • lower Vena cava, • thoracic duct Development of the peritoneum (scheme)* .