On Institutions – Fundamentals of Confidence and Trust
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Strategy 2022 Strategy 2022 Laid Down by the Executive Board
STRATEGY 2022 STRATEGY 2022 LAID DOWN BY THE EXECUTIVE BOARD One Bank The strategy for the period to 2022 marks a new contribute to cost-efficient solutions and under- chapter in Norges Bank’s more than 200-year- line the Bank as a single organisation. At the long history. The Storting (Norwegian parliament) same time, the two operational areas will retain has passed a new central bank act, thereby their distinctive professional characteristics and establishing the framework for the Bank’s tasks responsibility for performance. and activities ahead. In following up these changes, it is now natural The main features of Norges Bank’s activities are for the Executive Board to present a compre- retained in the new act. While our mission hensive strategy for the whole of Norges Bank remains the same, the Bank’s independence has that provides guidance for the organisation over been more clearly defined. Our responsibility as the next three years. In addition, the Executive manager of the Government Pension Fund Global Board has approved a strategy for management (GPFG) is now enshrined in law. At the same time, of the GPFG, in accordance with the Bank’s the governance structure of Norges Bank has mandate. been changed as the Storting has established by statute an expert committee for monetary policy As a nation, we increasingly depend on the world and financial stability. The Executive Board will around us. The global backdrop is characterised continue to be responsible for overall governance by turbulence and uncertainty associated with of the Bank, tasks within the payment system, trade barriers, the risk of a global downturn and and management of the GPFG and the Bank’s geopolitical instability. -
The West End's East
The West End’s East End Practices, relations and aspirations among youth in Hovseter and Røa Helle Dyrendahl Staven Master’s thesis, Sociology Department of Sociology and Human Geography Faculty of Social Sciences UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Spring 2020 © Helle Dyrendahl Staven 2020 The West End’s East End. Practices, relations and aspirations among youth in Hovseter and Røa. http://www.duo.uio.no/ Trykk: Reprosentralen, University of Oslo II Abstract This aim of this thesis is to explore how youth life unfolds in Hovseter and Røa, two neighbouring areas characterised by social and spatial contrasts. Located in Oslo’s affluent West End, Hovseter stands out in this social and spatial landscape of detached and semi-detached houses and upper-middle-class ethnic majority residents due to its higher share of working-class and ethnic minority residents, tall apartment blocks, and social housing apartments. Policies on social mix in the Norwegian welfare state constitute the context for the thesis, in which policymakers aim to counter segregation and encourage social and cultural integration by promoting a diversity of social groups within neighbourhoods. Through the urban area programme Hovseterløftet, a youth club was initiated in order to promote social mixing and social bonds between working-class minority ethnic youths from Hovseter and upper-middle- class majority ethnic youths from Røa. This aim was in line with policies on social mix, in which policymakers assume that youth with less social and economic resources will benefit from creating social relationships with more resourceful peers. It was this particular context that motivated me to ask how social and spatial differences materialised in the daily lives of youths from Hovseter and Røa, how these differences influenced social interactions and relations, and lastly, how they affected the youths’ perceptions of school and their educational aspirations. -
What Did They Sound Like?
Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Íslensk miðaldafræði What did they sound like? Reconstructing the music of the Viking Age Ritgerð til MA-prófs í íslenskum miðaldafræðum Chihiro Tsukamoto Kt.: 250493-3209 Leiðbeinandi: Þórir Jónsson Hraundal Janúar 2017 Abstract There has been much scholarship over the years regarding Scandinavian culture during the Viking Age (c. 793–1066 CE). However, often missing from these discussions is the study of music. This paper attempts to fill that gap by offering a reconstruction of Viking Age Scandinavian music. Archaeological evidence, literary records, and medieval music theories were used as the basis of this study. Archaeology indicates that Scandinavians played wind, string, and percussion instruments, while later Old Norse literary accounts detail the many circumstances wherein music was performed, and suggest the likely existence of different musical genres. I have consulted Arabic, Greek, and Latin accounts for contemporary sources, as the Scandinavian people did not have a written culture during this time. Marking a departure from typical historical analyses, I have also conducted a cross- cultural comparison of medieval Arabic, Greek, and Western European music theories in order to recognize what Scandinavian music could not have resembled. By combining archaeological, literary, and musical evidence, it is possible to propose a highly educated hypothesis on how Viking Age Scandinavian music may have sounded. Ágrip Mikið hefur verið rætt og ritað í gegnum árin um Skandinavíska menningu á Víkingaöld (um 793–1066 e.Kr.). Hins vegar er tónlist viðfangsefni sem oft virðist vanta í þessar umræður. Þessi ritgerð mun reyna að fylla það skarð með því að leggja fram tilgátu um endurgerð Skandinavískrar tónlistar frá Víkingaöld. -
Mastergradsoppgave HIS 350 Jostein
NEDBYGGING OG NEDLEGGING I TEKSTILINDUSTRIEN PÅ VESTLANDET Arne fabrikker og Salhus Tricotagefabrik MASTEROPPGAVE I HISTORIE AHKR høstsemester 2009 Jostein Knutsen studentnummer 125947 Innholdsfortegnelse Forord ………………………………………………………………………………. s. 3 Kapittel 1. Innledning, problemstilling og kildemateriale…………………………….s. 4 DEL 1. Mot større enheter: 1960-1972 Kapittel 2. Lokal tekstilindustri i møte med et globalt marked………………………s.16 Kapittel 3. Arne Fabrikker og Norionfusjonen……………………………………….s. 26 Kapittel 4. På terskelen til en ny tid………………………………………………….s. 43 DEL 2. Fra Optimisme til pessimisme: 1973-1979 Kapittel 5. Fusjoner, en blindvei? ……………………………………………………s.52 Kapittel 6. Opp og ned i Salhus på 1970-tallet………………………………………..s.69 Kapittel 7. En garanti til besvær……………………………………………………….s.75 DEL 3 Fra industristeder til forsteder 1980- 1989 Kapittel 8. Salhus og Ytre Arne 1985………………………………………………..s.93 Kapittel 9. Industristeder blir forsteder……………………………………………….s.106 Kapittel 10. Omstilt, rasjonalisert på veg mot stupet………………………………….s. 110 Kapittel 11. Ny krise og nedlegging 1986-1989………………………………..….….s.119 Oppsummering og konklusjon…………………………………………………………s.125 English summary…………………………………………………………………….....s.128 Litteraturliste…………………………………………………………………………....s.129 Offentlige dokumenter og kilder ……………………………………………………..s. 130 Aktuelle internettadresser ……………………………………………………………..s. 131 2 Forord Jeg arbeidet tidligere med formidling og dokumentasjon ved Norsk Trikotasjemuseum i Salhus, der ett spørsmål som gikk igjen fra ulike typer publikum var hvorfor Salhus Tricotagefabrik var blitt lagt ned og hva det var som førte til nedbyggingen av tekstilindustrien på Vestlandet. Til tider kunne dette innebære at det oppstod forklaringsproblemer både overfor meg selv og publikum. Dette ledet noen ganger til interessante diskusjoner. Jeg har under arbeidet med den oppgaven hatt dette i tankene og har forsøkt å gjøre det hele så forståelig som mulig. -
The Rise and Fall of the Oslo School
Nordic Journal of Political Economy Volume 33 2007 Article 1 The Rise and Fall of the Oslo School ‡ Ib E. Eriksen* Tore Jørgen Hanisch † Arild Sæther * University of Agder, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Kristiansand, Norway ‡ University of Agder, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Kristiansand, Norway † University of Agder, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Kristiansand, Norway This article can be dowloaded from: http://www.nopecjournal.org/NOPEC_2007_a01.pdf Other articles from the Nordic Journal of Political Economy can be found at: http://www.nopecjournal.org The Rise and Fall of the Oslo School 1 Ib E. Eriksen, Tore Jørgen Hanisch1, Arild Sæther The Rise and Fall of the Oslo School2 Abstract In 1931 Ragnar Frisch became professor at the University of Oslo. By way of his research, a new study programme and new staff he created the ”Oslo School”, characterised by mathematical modelling, econometrics, economic planning and scepticism towards the market economy. Consequently, detailed state economic planning and governance dominated Norwegian economic policy for three decades after WWII. In the 1970s the School’s dominance came to an end when the belief in competitive markets gained a foothold and the economy had poor performance. As a result a decentralized market economy was reintroduced. However, mathematical modelling and econometrics remain in the core of most economic programmes. JEL classification: B23, B29,B31, B59, O21, P41, P51 1. Introduction The main purpose of this presentation is to tell the story of how Ragnar Frisch founded the so-called Oslo School in economics, and secondly, to outline the main features of this School and investigate its major influence on the Norwegian post-war economy. -
No. 65 July 2007 Roland Stowasser
No. 65 July 2007 This and earlier issues of the Newsletter can be downloaded from our website http://www.clab.edc.uoc.gr/hpm/ between Phil Jones, Leo Rogers, Graham Roland Stowasser Flegg, Henk Bos, Jean Dhombres, Ivor In the latest of our interviews with people Grattan-Guinness, Otto Bekken, Hans Georg who have been influential in the life of Steiner, Ed Jacobson and me. Such meetings HPM, Gert Schubring reports his took place in Bielefeld, Ann Arbor conversation with Roland Stowasser. (Michigan), London, Paris and other places. Hans Georg Steiner, then vice-president of G.S.: Would you describe the process of ICMI was highly involved in the preparation creating HPM more in detail? Leo Rogers of ICME 3. He pushed forward that the (see HPM no. 60) reports that he made the Program Committee for Karlsruhe charged proposal for founding this group while ICME me with the chairmanship of the Exeter 2 (Exeter 1972) was being prepared. In the Working Group 11. It was my initiative, then, last issue, presenting P.S. Jones’s to coopt Phil Jones. At the Karlsruhe contributions (HPM no. 64), we read, Congress, EWG 11 met with about 70 however, that HPM became participants, coming from twenty countries. established in 1976, at ICME 3 EWG was renamed "History of Mathematics in Karlsruhe. How did you as a critical Tool for Curriculum Design". A become involved in the report on the work of EWG 11 can be found deliberations for creating HPM in the Proceedings of the International and how did the joint Congress of Mathematical Education. -
Norges Bank Norway
Norges Bank Norway Active This profile is actively maintained Send feedback on this profile Created before Nov 2016 Last update: Mar 23 2021 About Norges Bank Norges Bank, established in 1816, is the central bank of Norway. The bank does not offer any banking services to the general public. Its mandate is to promote economic stability in Norway. Norges Bank has executive and advisory responsibilities in the area of monetary policy and is responsible for promoting robust and efficient payment systems and financial markets. Norges Bank, via its subsidiary Norges Bank Investment Management, manages Norway's foreign exchange reserves and the Government Pension Fund Global, also known as the Oil Fund, which was established in 1990 to invest the surplus revenues of the Norwegian petroleum sector. This is the largest sovereign wealth fund in the world. Website http://www.norges-bank.no Headquarters Bankplassen 2 0151 Oslo Norway CEO/chair Øystein Olsen Chairman Supervisor Annual report Annual report 2020 Ownership Norges Bank is owned by the Norwegian state. Complaints and grievances Sustainability Voluntary initiatives Norges Bank has committed itself to the following voluntary standards: Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) United Nations Global Compact Investment policies Norges Bank Investment Management's webpage on corporate social responsibility can be accessed here. Exclusion of companies Elco, Ashtrom Group, Electra and Oil & Natural Gas Corp. Exclusion due to unacceptable risk that -
Pierre Deligne
www.abelprize.no Pierre Deligne Pierre Deligne was born on 3 October 1944 as a hobby for his own personal enjoyment. in Etterbeek, Brussels, Belgium. He is Profes- There, as a student of Jacques Tits, Deligne sor Emeritus in the School of Mathematics at was pleased to discover that, as he says, the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, “one could earn one’s living by playing, i.e. by New Jersey, USA. Deligne came to Prince- doing research in mathematics.” ton in 1984 from Institut des Hautes Études After a year at École Normal Supériure in Scientifiques (IHÉS) at Bures-sur-Yvette near Paris as auditeur libre, Deligne was concur- Paris, France, where he was appointed its rently a junior scientist at the Belgian National youngest ever permanent member in 1970. Fund for Scientific Research and a guest at When Deligne was around 12 years of the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques age, he started to read his brother’s university (IHÉS). Deligne was a visiting member at math books and to demand explanations. IHÉS from 1968-70, at which time he was His interest prompted a high-school math appointed a permanent member. teacher, J. Nijs, to lend him several volumes Concurrently, he was a Member (1972– of “Elements of Mathematics” by Nicolas 73, 1977) and Visitor (1981) in the School of Bourbaki, the pseudonymous grey eminence Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced that called for a renovation of French mathe- Study. He was appointed to a faculty position matics. This was not the kind of reading mat- there in 1984. -
Innhold • Karl Johan • Nei, TUBFRIM Er Ikke Nedlagt • 3
KILDENTidsskrift for Oslo Guideforening sommernummer 2011 Foto: Wenche M. Wangen Foto: Wenche • • Området rundt Solli plass Innhold • Karl Johan • Nei, TUBFRIM er ikke nedlagt • 3. juni 2011 - Brann og redning 150 år. • Tøyengata – et nyrikt stykke Norge • Kvinnedag, Rogstad og Bonnevie i jubileumsåret 2011 • Skjulte Grosch-skatter i Storgata • Østensjøvannet • Intervju med ordføreren • Alnaelva, en av Oslos viktigste, men ”glemte” elver. • Uret ved Universitetsplassen • Guidefi losofi – et hjertesukk • Statuene på Universitetsplassen • Ekeberg – Oslos viktigste fjell • Akershus slott og festning • Hvordan Frammuseet ble til og Framkomitéens rolle. • Norrøn mytologi – Skiguden Ull • Statsbesøk på Fram. • Munch på Tøyen – en sjokkerende beretning • Kirkerovet i Mariakirken i Oslo høsten 1529 • Munch i Universitetets Aula. • Eksplosjonsulykken i Kings Bay-gruven på Svalbard • Navnet er Operatunnelen • Politiske ettervirkninger av Kings Bay-ulykken 1 1 STYRET I OSLO GUIDEFORENING INNHOLDSFORTEGNELSE Styret i Oslo Guideforening Marie B. Berg Arild Eugen Johansen Kirsten Elmar Mikkelsen Norges Guideforbunds landsmøte/årsmøte 2011 ..........................................................................................................................................................................5 2010/11: (nestleder) (styremedlem) (varamedlem) Tøyengata – et nyrikt stykke Norge av Tone Huse. Wenche M. Wangen .....................................................................................................................................6 -
Doublethink: the Two Faces of Norway's Foreign and Development
Doublethink: THE TWO FACES OF NORWAY’S FOREIGN AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY By Mark Curtis Mark Curtis er rådgiver på internasjonale utviklingsspørsmål og utenrikspolitisk analytiker. Han har skrevet fem bøker om britisk utenrikspolitikk og internasjonal utvikling, inkludert den kommende Secret Affairs: Britain’s Collusion with Radical Islam og bestselgeren Web of Deceit: Britain’s Real Role in the World (Vintage, 2003). Han har skrevet flere rapporter for frivillige organisasjoner om næringslivet, mat og landbruk, miljø, gruvedrift, handel og økonomiske spørsmål. Han har ledet World Development Movement, ledet policyavdelingen i ActionAid og Christian Aid, og vært stipendiat ved Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House). Nettsider: www.curtisresearch.org og www.markcurtis.info. Rapporten er skrevet av Mark Curtis på oppdrag fra Forum for Utvikling og Miljø (ForUM). Synspunktene i denne rapporten er forfatterens, og reflekterer ikke nødvendigvis ForUMs synspunkter. Forsidefoto: Jonas Gahr Støre, Norges utenriksminister. Foto: Torbjørn Sønstrød. Utgitt: Første gang utgitt januar 2010. Rapporten kan lastes ned fra www.forumfor.no. FORORD Av Elin Enge, daglig leder, Forum for Utvikling og Miljø «Inntektene en stat innhenter, hvordan de innhentes, og måten den bruker dem på, definerer statens natur». Slik lyder den amerikanske oljestatsforskeren Terry Lynn Karls tese. Hva er så Norges natur? Om den finnes, er den neppe like ren som snø eller våre fjorder. Og langt mindre kjent. Noen av de største utfordringene i verden i dag er å takle klimakrisen, bekjempe fattigdom og å dempe og forebygge krig og konflikt. Dette er områder hvor Norge anser seg for å være foregangsland. Da utenriksministeren i fjor kom med den såkalte Refleksmeldingen om hovedlinjene i utenrikspolitikken – den første på tjue år – ble slike utfordringer betegnet som ”Norges utvidede egeninteresser”. -
Norway's Jazz Identity by © 2019 Ashley Hirt MA
Mountain Sound: Norway’s Jazz Identity By © 2019 Ashley Hirt M.A., University of Idaho, 2011 B.A., Pittsburg State University, 2009 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Musicology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Musicology. __________________________ Chair: Dr. Roberta Freund Schwartz __________________________ Dr. Bryan Haaheim __________________________ Dr. Paul Laird __________________________ Dr. Sherrie Tucker __________________________ Dr. Ketty Wong-Cruz The dissertation committee for Ashley Hirt certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: _____________________________ Chair: Date approved: ii Abstract Jazz musicians in Norway have cultivated a distinctive sound, driven by timbral markers and visual album aesthetics that are associated with the cold mountain valleys and fjords of their home country. This jazz dialect was developed in the decade following the Nazi occupation of Norway, when Norwegians utilized jazz as a subtle tool of resistance to Nazi cultural policies. This dialect was further enriched through the Scandinavian residencies of African American free jazz pioneers Don Cherry, Ornette Coleman, and George Russell, who tutored Norwegian saxophonist Jan Garbarek. Garbarek is credited with codifying the “Nordic sound” in the 1960s and ‘70s through his improvisations on numerous albums released on the ECM label. Throughout this document I will define, describe, and contextualize this sound concept. Today, the Nordic sound is embraced by Norwegian musicians and cultural institutions alike, and has come to form a significant component of modern Norwegian artistic identity. This document explores these dynamics and how they all contribute to a Norwegian jazz scene that continues to grow and flourish, expressing this jazz identity in a world marked by increasing globalization. -
The Petroleum Fund Mechanism and Norges Bank's Foreign Exchange Purchases for the GPFG
No. 14 | 2012 Economic commentaries Market Operations and Analysis The petroleum fund mechanism and Norges Bank’s foreign exchange purchases for the GPFG Ellen Aamodt* *The views expressed in this article are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Norges Bank The petroleum fund mechanism and Norges Bank's foreign exchange purchases for the GPFG Ellen Aamodt, Market Operations and Analysis, Norges Bank Markets and Banking Services. The Norwegian government receives substantial revenues from the petroleum sector. These revenues are in both foreign currency and Norwegian kroner. Some of the oil revenues are absorbed in the Norwegian economy by being used to finance the nonoil budget deficit. The remainder is transferred to the Government Pension Fund Global (GPFG). Because the GPFG is invested in its entirety in foreign currency, the government's NOK revenues for the GPFG must be exchanged for foreign currency. Norges Bank performs the task of purchasing foreign exchange for the GPFG for the Ministry of Finance. This commentary describes how the government's revenues from the petroleum sector are channelled to the GPFG, how portions of these revenues are phased into the Norwegian economy and how Norges Bank calculates the foreign exchange purchases for the GPFG. The commentary also shows the relationship between the petroleum fund mechanism and the NOK exchange rate, and the level of reserves in the Norwegian banking system. What is the petroleum fund mechanism? The Government Pension Fund Global (GPFG) was established in 1990, then under the name “Government Petroleum Fund”. The first transfer to the fund took place in 1996, and as at February 2012, the fund had increased in size to over NOK 3.4 trillion.