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Demilitarization of the Siachen Conflict Zone: Concepts for Implementation and Monitoring
SANDIA REPORT SAND2007-5670 Unlimited Release Printed September 2007 Demilitarization of the Siachen Conflict Zone: Concepts for Implementation and Monitoring Brigadier (ret.) Asad Hakeem Pakistan Army Brigadier (ret.) Gurmeet Kanwal Indian Army with Michael Vannoni and Gaurav Rajen Sandia National Laboratories Prepared by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 and Livermore, California 94550 Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Approved for public release; further dissemination unlimited. Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of Energy by Sandia Corporation. NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government, nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represent that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors. Printed in the United States of America. -
A Siachen Peace Park?
HARISH KAPADIA A Siachen Peace Park? e were staying in army bunkers at base camp on the Siachen glacier. W In the next room I could hear my son, Nawang, then a young man of 20 years, talking with equally young lieutenants and captains of the Indian army. They were discussing their exploits on the glacier, the war and agitatedly talking about the friends being wounded and killed all around them. One well-meaning officer pointedly said to me as I entered the room to join the discussion: 'I am ready to fight for my country and defend the Siachen. But sir, I am young and I do not want my children and grand-children sitting on this high, forlorn Saltoro ridge defending the Siachen glacier. Why can't we have some solution to this wretched problem?' Another young officer added: 'Look at the glacier, a pristine mountain area polluted almost beyond repair. It will take decades, if not a century to rejuvenate. Something must be done.' These dedicated officers of the Indian army left the seed of an idea in my mind. This world is a legacy for the young, an area like Siachen belongs to them. They were ready to guard it with their lives; they meant well. My son, excited at the prospect of defending his country alongside other officers, had worked hard andjoined the army as a Gorkha Officer. Shortly thereafter he fell to a terrorist bullet in this bloody war in Kashmir. That seed of an idea became a raison d 'etre of my life. -
Committee on External Affairs (2016-17)
COMMITTEE 16 ON EXTERNAL AFFAIRS (2016-17) SIXTEENTH LOK SABHA MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS INDO-PAK RELATIONS SIXTEENTH REPORT LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI AUGUST, 2017/Shravana, 1939 (Saka) SIXTEENTH REPORT COMMITTEE ON EXTERNAL AFFAIRS (2016-17) (SIXTEENTH LOK SABHA) MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS INDO-PAK RELATIONS Presented to Lok Sabha on 11 August, 2017 Laid in Rajya Sabha on 11 August, 2017 LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI August, 2017/Shravana, 1939 (Saka) COEA NO. 129 Price : Rs. ................ © 2017 by Lok Sabha Secretariat Published under Rule 382 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha (__________Edition) and Printed by CONTENTS COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE (2016-17) INTRODUCTION Chapter 1: Introductory 1-2 Chapter 2: Indo-Pak Relations: An Overview- 3-22 I. Historical Background II. Dialogue Process III. Approach and policy towards Pakistan Chapter 3 : Strategic Dimension of the Relationship 23-64 I. Border Management and Security II. Subversive Activities by Pakistan and Cross Border Terrorism III. The Issue of Jammu & Kashmir IV. Nuclear & Missile Programme V. Recent Surgical Strikes Chapter 4: Economic & Cultural Aspects 65-81 I. Economic Engagement/Cooperation II. Cultural Aspect Chapter 5: Reaction/Role of Global Actors and Institutions 82-93 Chapter 6: Miscellaneous 94-103 I. Sharing of Water II. Humanitarian Exchanges III. TAPI Chapter 7: Roadmap For Future 104-109 I. Impediments to Normalization of ties II. Roadmap for Future Appendices I. Minutes of the Second Sitting of the Committee (2016-17) held on 18.10.2016 110-112 II. Minutes of the Sixth Sitting of the Committee (2016-17) held on 12.1.2017 113-115 III. -
Siachen Glacier Flashpoint
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 12 May 2006 Version of attached le: Published Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Misra, A. (2000) 'Siachen Glacier ashpoint : a study of Indian Pakistani relations.', Working Paper. University of Durham, Centre for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, Durham. Further information on publisher's website: http://www.dur.ac.uk/sgia/ Publisher's copyright statement: Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk University ofDurham Centre for Middle Eutern and Islamic Studies SIACHEN GLACIER FLASHPOINT: A STUDY OF INDIAN PAKISTANI RELATIONS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• by Ash"tosh Misra Durham Middle East Poper No. 65 Jun.e 2000 - 8 NOV 2000 Durham Middle East Papers ISSN 1357-7522 No.65 The Durham MIddle EaSI Pape~ scnes covers all aspccIs of the economy. pohIiC$. socIal SClcnce, hIstOry, Illeralure and languages of the MIddle Easl Authors are Inviled 10 ~ubmlt papers 10 Ihe Edltonal Board for conslderauon for publicahon. -
Canada Celebrates Its Day in Digital World
www.WeeklyVoice.com FRONT PAGE Friday, July 3, 2020 | A-1 Canada’s Leading South Asian Newspaper - Tel: 905-795-0639 Friday, JulyJune 3, 2, 2020 2017 www.WeeklyVoice.com VolVol 26, 23, No. No. 27 22 PM: 40025701 Building A More Reliable Transportation System, page 7 Tourism Niagara Makes A Visitor Pledge, page 9 Mississauga Rows To 2023 World Games, page 11 Canada Celebrates Its Day In Digital World ‘Our Country’s Success Is Because Of Its People & Our Shared Values Of Peace & Compassion’ OTTAWA: Canadians across the coun- what it means to be Canadian. try and the world celebrated Canada Day “Canada’s success is because of its virtually on July 1. Hundreds of thousands people. People who strive to live up to gathered together virtually to share the our shared values of peace, equality, and pride in being Canadian, and joining the compassion, and know that diversity is colourful conversation on social media our strength. People who know that, only platforms using the #CanadaDay hashtag. together, we can build a better country, Hundred of people also took the oath of where every senior has a safe place to live, Canadian citizenship in virtual ceremonies and where we say no to racism, injustice, across the country. In Ottawa, Minister and hate. A country where we understand Minister of Immigration, Refugees and that our work to ensure everyone has an Citizenship Marco Mendicino joined in equal and fair chance at success is never celebrating #CanadaDay virtually, with 19 finished. #NewCanadians from 13 countries. They ‘Today, we welcomed new Canadians to the Flag of Canada family at the same “What makes Canada special is not the became Canadian citizens during a special time, from coast to coast to coast. -
South Asia's Lessons, Evolving Dynamics, and Trajectories
South Asia’s Lessons, Evolving Dynamics, and Trajectories Edited by Sameer Lalwani and Hannah Haegeland South Asia’s Lessons, Evolving Dynamics, and Trajectories Edited by Sameer Lalwani and Hannah Haegeland JANUARY 2018 © Copyright 2018 by the Stimson Center. All rights reserved. Printed in Washington, D.C. ISBN 978-0-9997659-0-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017919496 Stimson Center 1211 Connecticut Avenue, NW 8th Floor Washington, D.C. 20036 U.S.A. Visit www.stimson.org for more information about Stimson’s research. Investigating Crises: South Asia’s Lessons, Evolving Dynamics, and Trajectories CONTENTS Preface . 7 Key Terms and Acronyms . 9 Introduction . 11 Sameer Lalwani Anatomy of a Crisis: Explaining Crisis Onset in India-Pakistan Relations . 23 Sameer Lalwani & Hannah Haegeland Organizing for Crisis Management: Evaluating India’s Experience in Three Case Studies . .57 Shyam Saran Conflict Resolution and Crisis Management: Challenges in Pakistan-India Relations . 75 Riaz Mohammad Khan Intelligence, Strategic Assessment, and Decision Process Deficits: The Absence of Indian Learning from Crisis to Crisis . 97 Saikat Datta Self-Referencing the News: Media, Policymaking, and Public Opinion in India-Pakistan Crises . 115 Ruhee Neog Crisis Management in Nuclear South Asia: A Pakistani Perspective . 143 Zafar Khan China and Crisis Management in South Asia . 165 Yun Sun & Hannah Haegeland Crisis Intensity and Nuclear Signaling in South Asia . 187 Michael Krepon & Liv Dowling New Horizons, New Risks: A Scenario-based Approach to Thinking about the Future of Crisis Stability in South Asia . 221 Iskander Rehman New Challenges for Crisis Management . 251 Michael Krepon Contributors . 265 Contents 6 PREFACE With gratitude and pride I present Stimson’s latest South Asia Program book, Investigating Crises: South Asia’s Lessons, Evolving Dynamics, and Trajectories. -
14 July-2019.Qxd
C M C M Y B Y B Postal Regd No- JK/485/2016-18 Internet Edition : www.truthprevail.com, E-paper : epaper.truthprevail.com RNI No. JKENG/2012/47637 Truth Prevail 3 6 8 Fair and Fearless * National Lok Adalat held across Jammu Division * Shama Sikander will be seen in next single Majnu Remix * Sat distributes Ayushman Bharat golden cards * Greening Jammu and Kashmir gains momentum * Does drinking alcohol in older age prolong life? * Dimple demands PM to arrest Mehbobba, Geelani and Mirwaiz email : [email protected] VOL 8, ISSUE NO. 193 JAMMU & KAShMIr SUNdAy JULy 14, 2019 dAILy 8 PAGE re. 1/- Inside Kashmir shuts on martyrs’ day, restrictions Inside Any misadventure by Pakistan will be repelled imposed in Srinagar parts Shri Amarnathji Srinagar, Jul 13 : A com - remained closed as State issued from the higher Yatra 2019 plete shutdown was on observes July 13 as a holiday. authorities. On Friday, 5395 16,916 pilgrims with punitive response : Army Chief Saturday observed to remem - Since the wee hours of pilgrims left from the base pay obeisance at NEW DELHI : Indian more violent and unpre - Recalling the heroics of Ladakh's Demchok sector, a ber the martyrs of July 13, this morning, a contingent of camp here while so far, Army Chief General Bipin dictable where the importance the Indian soldiers during the week after reports claimed 1931 while as the authorities police and paramilitary 58,427 registered pilgrims the Holy Cave Rawat on Saturday warned of human factor shall remain Kargil conflict, General that the latter's troops crossed imposed restrictions in parts troopers were deployed on have officially left from SRINAGAR, JULY 13 : that any misadventure by undiminished. -
First Lot of Malawi Mangoes Arrive in the City
The Dynamic Daily Newspaper of Navi Mumbai 13 November VOL. 13 • ISSUE 162 PAGES 12 • PRICE ` 1 2019 WEDNESDAY RNI No. MAHEN/2007/21778 POSTAL REGN. NO. NMB/154/2017-19/VASHI MDG POST OFFICE NEWS IN BRIEF First lot of Malawi Snake rescued from mangoes arrive in the city residential area A venomous snake was rescued on Monday afternoon from a playground in Vashigaon by the snake activist Vishal Tupe. The activist who was passing by the node found a huge crowd gath- ered, when he en- quired, the passers by informed that there was a snake in traders. around 3kg to 3.5 kg of the vicinity. Tupe Around 800 boxes of the fruit which costs found the snake to be By Chandrashekhar Hendve most like Alphonso which look, taste and Malawi mangoes ar- between Rs. 500-700 highly venomous NAVI MUMBAI: Here mangoes, have arrived smell exactly like the rived the fruit division per kg in the APMC and asked the crowd is a good news for the in the city. Alphonsos, the Indian of the Agricultural Pro- market. not to come near… mango lovers. Much to This is off season consumers can now en- duce Market Commit- Sanjay Pansare, a (More on page 3) the delight of the resi- for mangoes in India. joy mangoes even dur- tee (APMC), Vashi on trader from the APMC dents, Malawi man- With the arrival of ing the October-De- 12th November, 2019. Contd. on pg. 9 Residents stage goes, which taste al- Malawi mangoes, cember period, say the Each box, contains agitation against poor water supply Domestic workers’ committee The residents of Sector 4 along with the corporator He- demands Amendments in the Acts mangi Sonawane carried out an agita- Meeting was held to discuss the non-functionality of the domestic workers’ welfare board tion to ward office Airoli following low fare board. -
Skirmishing on the Line of Control
ISSN (Online) - 2349-8846 Skirmishing on the Line of Control PAVAN NAIR Vol. 48, Issue No. 04, 26 Jan, 2013 Pavan Nair ([email protected]) is a retired member of the armed forces who served in Jammu and Kashmir, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The ceasefire agreed upon by India and Pakistan at the Line of Control in November 2003 was the single biggest confidence building measure between these countries. It would be in the larger national interest of both countries to disengage from a face to face situation on the LoC by resolving issues such as Kashmir, Siachen and the Sir Creek. The 740 kilometer long Line of Control (LoC) in Jammu and Kashmir starts from Grid Point NJ9842 overlooking the Siachen Glacier in the north and crosses several mountain ranges including the Ladakh and Pir Panjal Range and joins the International Boundary (IB) with Pakistan in the plains of Jammu. Over a hundred thousand regular soldiers on each side are involved in manning defences as also handling the logistics involved in supporting operations in mountainous terrain. This is the largest deployment of combatants anywhere in the world. The stretch of the LoC in the Ladakh Sector is unpopulated except in depth areas. However, west of Zojila, several hamlets and villages are scattered all along the line on both sides. The forward troops are deployed in an eyeball to eyeball situation as close as 500 yards, the minimum distance specified in the Karachi Agreement of 1949. The Karachi Agreement, a UN sponsored document, has not been abrogated by either party and remains in force even though the Suchetgarh Agreement (a set of signed maps) came into effect post the 1971 war. -
Demilitarisation of the Siachen Conflict Zone: an Idea Whose Time Has Come
Demilitarisation of the Siachen Conflict Zone: An Idea whose Time has Come Gurmeet Kanwal Treacherous Terrain and Adverse Weather The death of 130 Pakistan Army personnel in an avalanche at the battalion Headquarters (HQ) at Gyari in the Siachen conflict zone in April 2012 once again brought to the fore the dangers of the prolonged deployment on both sides of the Actual Ground Position Line (AGPL) despite the fact that an informal ceasefire has been holding up quite well since November 25, 2003. Earlier, in mid-March 2007 also, five Pakistani soldiers had perished in an avalanche. Even at the peak of fighting in the 1980s and 1990s, maximum casualties on both sides occurred because of the treacherous terrain, the super high altitude, which affects the human body adversely, and the extreme weather. The lack of oxygen at heights between 18,000 and 20,000 feet and prolonged periods of isolation are a lethal combination and result in pulmonary oedema, frostbite and other serious complications. Besides, prolonged deployment at such heights takes a heavy psychological toll. While these casualties are now better managed due to early evacuation, improvements in medical science and the establishment of forward medical facilities, they can never be completely eliminated. The economic cost of maintaining an infantry brigade group at Siachen to guard the desolate super-high altitude mountain passes and approaches leading to them from the western slopes of the Saltoro Ridge has been estimated to range between Rs 3.0 to 3.5 crore per day – Rs 1,000 to 1,300 crore annually. -
Women Fitness India June July 2019 Issue
WomenFitnessJune/July 2019 INDIA Self Safety Tricks DIY5 Aloe Vera Lose Masks Baby Weight With These 8 Exercises Shama Healthy Sikander Summer Talks About Finding Her Drinks True Self DIGITAL NOT ENOUGH? Grab A Print Copy! Simply drop an email at [email protected] and instantly get a print issue of our latest magazine delivered to your doorstep! womenfitness.org Contents 06 COVER STORY With her latest web series, Ab Dil Ki Sunn, grabbing a lot of eyeballs, Shama Sikander truly has a lot up on her sleeve. Women Fitness spoke to the actor about her lifestyle and her passion for acting. 18 14 WORKOUT 27 A sandy beach can prove one of Summer Hot Yoga Beverages the best possible surfaces for a barefoot- workout. It can be a great way to stay fit and lose weight while traveling. Try out the best ever workout. 16 Self-defence tricks can assist in combating violent criminals. These tactics and techniques help guard against ATM robbery, street robbery, and workplace crimes. It’s time we all learn it. 18 Hot Yoga, which is usually performed in a room heated to between 80 degrees and 105 degrees Fahrenheit, is one of the most effective forms of yoga that has been known to help you lose weight. 16 Self-defence 21 PREGNANCY Shedding the extra kilos, which you had gained during the pregnancy period can be a struggle for some women. Try these 8 21 moves that will help you lose that Pregnancy extra weight. 24 Anxiety and related disorders affect about 15 percent of pregnant women and 17 percent of women in early postpartum. -
India-Pakistan Conflict: Magnanimity the Only Answer to Intractability?
India-Pakistan Conflict: Magnanimity the Only Answer to Intractability? Joy Mitra* Abstract The intractable conflict in Kashmir has spoilt the India-Pakistan equation on multiple planes. This intractability has in fact poisoned the entire spectrum of the bilateral relations throughout history. Repeatedly through history India and Pakistan have taken actions that have led them to mutually unsatisfactory and damaging consequences. International relations literature has generally looked at these events in isolation in a post-facto explanation of the rationality behind such actions. But that fails to account for the repeated failure of these states to avoid the lose-lose scenario typical of the prisoner’s dilemma. This paper will try to account for this lacuna by looking at the psychology of the two actors involved in this intractable conflict. It fills that void in international relations literature by looking at India-Pakistan relationship under the lens of prospect theory exploring how the two states of India-Pakistan made their choices through the history and with each event how their perspectives evolved or did not. Evaluation of their psychological status is followed by an analysis of the India-Pakistan dialogue process. The argument being that the dialogue process has failure in-built in it as it fails to address the perceptual loss of assets for Pakistan. KEYWORDS Prospect Theory; India-Pakistan; Kashmir; Negotiations; Conflict Decision-Making Introduction India-Pakistan relationship has been dogged by one most intractable conflicts in the history of the modern world. Understanding the intractability of the conflict in their relations is very important in context of resolving the strategic conundrum that prevails in South Asia.