) (Acari: Mesostigmata Ascoidea

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) (Acari: Mesostigmata Ascoidea ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت آﻓﺎت ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ 1393 - (4 :)3 61-72 ﻓﻮن و ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ( Ascoidea (Acari: Mesostigmata ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻳﻚ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻮن اﻳﺮان ﻣﺠﺘﺒﻲ ﻣﻬﺠﻮري1* ، ﺟﻠﻴﻞ ﺣﺎﺟﻲ زاده2 1 2، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺸﺎورزي و داﻧﺸﻴﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻴﺎه ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎور زي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﻴﻼن، رﺷﺖ، اﻳﺮان ( ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ : /12 /12 92 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش : /13/2 )93 )93 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﻃﻲ ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي -91 92 ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻓﻮﻧﺴﺘﻴﻚ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea ﻣـﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑـﺎ ﺑـﺎغ ﻫـﺎي زﻳﺘـﻮن در ا ﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ . در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻫﻔﺖ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺟـﻨﺲ از دو ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده Ascidae و Ameroseiidae ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري و ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . از ﻣﻴﺎن ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪه ﮔﻮﻧﻪ Asca bicornis ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻮن اﻳﺮان ﻳﻚ ﮔﺰارش ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﺑﺎزﺗﻮﺻـﻴﻒ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﻴ ﺰ ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ . ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫـﺎي Ascidae و Ameroseiidae ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن اراﻳﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . اﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح زﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ اي ﻓﻮن اﻳﺮان و اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ دو و ﻳﻚ ﺳﺘﺎره (* ) ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ: Family Ascidae: Asca bicornis** (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1887); Proctogamasellus massula Athias- Henirot, 1961; Proctogamasellus mica Athias-Henirot, 1961; Gamasellodes bicolar* Berlese, 1948. Family Ameroseiidae: Ameroseius corbiculus Sowerby, 1806; Ameroseius lidiae* Bregetova, 1977; Sertitympanum aegyptiacus* (Nasr and Abow-Awad, 1986) واژه ﻫﺎي ﻛﻠﻴﺪي : ﻣﻴﺎن اﺳﺘﻴﮕﻤﺎ، زﻳﺘﻮن، ﻓﻮن ، اﻳﺮان، ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ٭ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل : [email protected] 62 ﻣﻬﺠﻮري وﺣﺎﺟﻲ زاده، ﻓﻮن و ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ و Ascinae اﺳـﺖ ( Lindquist et al ., 2009 ). ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده Melicharidae ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات دﻧﺪاﻧﻪ ﭘﻴﻠﻮس1 در ﻛﻠﻴﺴـﺮ ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻌﺘـﺪل و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوه ﺧـﻮاﻫﺮي ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده Ameroseiidae در ﻧﻈـﺮ ﮔﺮم اﺳﺘﻮاﻳﻲ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﮔﺴﺘﺮدهاي دارﻧﺪ و از ﺣﺸﺮات و ﮔ ﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﻣـﻲ ﺷـﻮ د ( Rahmani et al., 2012). ا ﻋﻀـﺎي اﻳـﻦ ﻛﻨﻪﻫﺎ در ﺧﺎك و ﻳﺎ ﻫﻮﻣﻮس ﺗﻐﺬﻳـﻪ ﻣـﻲ ﻛﻨﻨـﺪ ( & Krantz ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده Ameroseiidae در زﻳﺴـﺘﮕﺎه ﻫـﺎي Walter, 2009 ). ﺑــﺎﻻ ﺧــﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea ﺷــﺎﻣﻞ ﺳــﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ در ﺧــﺎك ﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻣــﻲ ﺷــﻮﻧ ﺪ ( ,Gwiazdowicz ﺧـــــﺎﻧﻮاده Ameroseiidae ،Ascidae و Melicharidae 2007 ). در ﺑﺎﻻﺧــــﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea، ﺻــــﻔﺤﻪي ﭘﺸــــﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ . ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ameroseiidae در ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎي ﮔﻴـﺎﻫﻲ، ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ، ﺑﺎ ﺣﺎﺷـﻴﻪ ي ﺷـﻜﺎف دار ﻳـ ﺎ ﺗﻘﺴـﻴﻢ ﺷـﺪه، ﺻـﻔﺤﻪ ي ﺧﺎك ﺑﺮگ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎ، ﻓﻀﻮﻻت داﻣﻲ، ﻓﺮاورده ﻫﺎي اﻧﺒﺎري و ﺳﻴﻨﻪ اي2 ﻣﺎدهﻫـ ﺎ داراي ﺳـ ﻪ ﺟﻔـﺖ ﻣـﻮ، ﻣﻮﻫـﺎي ﭘـﺲ ﺳـﻴﻨﻪ اي ﻻﻧﻪ ﭘﺴﺘﺎن داران ﻛﻮﭼﻚ، ﻣﻮرﭼﻪ ﻫﺎ و زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴـﺖ دارﻧـﺪ روي ﺻــﻔﺤﻪ ﻫــﺎي ﻣﺠــﺰا ﻳــﺎ روي ﻛﻮﺗﻴﻜــﻮل ﻧــﺮم، ﺻــﻔﺤﻪي ( Karg, 1993; Halliday; 1997 ). ﺑﺮﺧـﻲ از ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺟﻨﺴــﻲ3 داراي ﻳــﻚ ﺟﻔــﺖ ﻣــﻮ، ﺻــﻔﺤﻪ ﻫــﺎي ﺷــﻜﻤﻲ4 و اﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده از داﻧﻪ ﮔﺮده ﺗﻐﺪﻳﻪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﻣﺴـﺎ ﻓﺮ ﻣﺨﺮﺟﻲ5 ادﻏﺎم ﺷـﺪه و ﻳـ ﺎ ﻣﺠـﺰا، ران ﭘـﺎي اول ﺑـ ﺎ ﺳـ ﻪ ﻣـﻮي روي زﻧﺒﻮرﻫــﺎي ﺧــﺎﻧﻮاده Sphecidae ، ﺳــﺨﺖ ﺑــﺎل ﭘﻮﺷــﺎن ﺷــﻜﻤﻲ، ﺳــﺎق ﭘــﺎي اول ﺑــﺎ 2-3 ﻣــﻮي ﺷــﻜﻤﻲ و 5-6 ﻣــﻮي ﺧـــﺎﻧﻮاده Chrysomelidae و ﺑـــﺎل ﭘﻮﻟﻜـــﺪاران ﺧـــﺎﻧﻮاده ﭘﺸﺘﻲ، ﺳﺎق ﭘﺎي ﺳﻮم ﺑﺎ 7-8 ﻣﻮ، آﭘﻮﺗـﻞ 6 دو و ﺑـ ﻪ ﻧـﺪرت ﺳـ ﻪ Pyralidae دﻳـﺪه ﺷـﺪه اﻧـﺪ ( ,Elsen, 1973; Halliday ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ( Krantz & Walter, 2009). 1997) . ﻣــــــــﺎده ﻫــــــــﺎي ﺑــــــــﺎﻟﻎ ﺟــــــــﻨﺲ ﻫــــــــﺎي Afrocypholaelaps ،Neocypholaelaps و Hattena در ﻓﻬﺮﺳــﺖ ﻛﻨــﻪﻫــﺎي اﻳــﺮان 25 ﮔﻮﻧــﻪ از ﻛﻨــﻪﻫــﺎي روي ﺑﺪن زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎ، ﭘﺮواﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﻣﮕﺲ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻞ و ﺳﻮﺳـﻚ ﻫـﺎي Ascidae از 12 ﺟـــﻨﺲ ﮔـــﺰارش ﺷـــﺪ ه ﺑـــﻮد دو ﮔﻮﻧـــﻪ Scarabidae ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷـﻮﻧﺪ و از ﺷـﻬﺪ و ﮔـﺮده ﻫـﺎي ﮔـﻞ- Indiraseius extermus Daneshvar و Melichares ﻫــﺎﻳﻲ ﻛــﻪ اﻳــﻦ ﺣﺸــﺮات روي آن ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﻐﺬﻳــﻪ ﻣــﻲ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪ (agilis (Hering, 1938 از اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن ﺑـﻮد Kamali). ( Lindquist et al ., 2009) . اﻓــﺮاد ﻣــﺎده در ﺑﺴــﻴﺎري از (et al ., 2001 اﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل 1391 ﺑﻪ 31 ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ اﻓـﺰاﻳﺶ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده داراي رﻓﺘﺎر ﻫﻤﺴﻔﺮي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ا ﮔﺮﭼـﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ( Kazemi & Rajaei, 2013 ). ﺑـﺮ اﺳـﺎس ﻣﻨـﺎﺑﻊ ﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻧﺮ ﻫﺎ و ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﻧﻴـﺰ داراي رﻓﺘـﺎر ﻫﻤﺴـﻔﺮي ﻣـﻲ - ﻣﻮﺟــــﻮد ﺗــــﺎ ﻛﻨــــﻮن 22 ﮔﻮﻧــــﻪ از ﻛﻨــــﻪﻫــــﺎي ﺧــــﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ( Seeman , 1996 ). ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫـﺎ ﻧﻴﺰﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ Ameroseiidae از اﻳـــــﺮان ﮔــــــﺰارش ﺷـــــﺪه اﺳــــــﺖ Kleemannia plumosa ﻗـﺎرچ ﺧﻮارﻧـﺪ ( ,Hajizadeh et al ., 2013 a, b) Flechtmann). ﺗــﺎ ﻛﻨــﻮن در اﻳــﺮان 1985 ). در ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascidae ﺑﺮﺧـﻲ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻓﻮن ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده Lasioseius dentatus Kennett ﺷــﻜﺎرﮔﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﺗــﺪ ﻫــﺎي Ascoidea در ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮ ﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﮔﻴــﺎﻫﻲ ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮﺧــﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨــﺪ Arctoseius cetratus اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻛـﻪ اﺳـﺘﺎن ﮔـﻴﻼن ﻳﻜـﻲ از ﻣﺮاﻛـﺰ ﻋﻤـﺪه ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ (Sellnick) و Lasioseius bispinosus Evans از ﺑﻨﺪ- زﻳﺘﻮن در اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ، اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻓﻮن ﻛﻨـﻪ - ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻛﻮﭼﻚ و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﺎﻧﻮران رﻳـﺰ ﺗﻐﺬﻳـﻪ ﻣـﻲ ﻛﻨﻨـﺪ، ﺑﺮﺧـﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea در ﺑـﺎغ ﻫـﺎي زﻳﺘـﻮن اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷـﺪ . ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ آزادزي ﺑﻮده و در ﻻش ﺑﺮگ و ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮس و اﻧـﺪام - ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫـﺎن ﻳﺎﻓـﺖ ﻣـﻲ ﺷـﻮﻧﺪ . ﺑﺮﺧـﻲ از ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﺣﺎﻟــﺖ ﻫﻤﺴــﻔﺮ روي ﺣﺸــﺮات و ﭘﺮﻧــﺪﮔﺎن دﻳــﺪه ﺷــﺪه اﻧــﺪ Pilus dentilis.1 2.Sternal shield 3.Genital shield . ( Gerson et al ., 2003; Lindquist et al ., 2009 ) 4. Ventral shield ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascidae داراي دو زﻳﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهي Anal shield Arctoseiinae .5 6. Apotele ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت آﻓﺎت ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ، ﺟﻠﺪ 4 ، ﺷﻤﺎره3 ، ﺳﺎل 1393 63 ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺢ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺎت ﺑﻌـﺪي در ﺧﺼـﻮص ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ و ﺑﺤﺚ ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد . در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳـﻲ ﻫﻔـﺖ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠـﻖ ﺑـﻪ ﭘـﻨﺞ ﺟـﻨﺲ از دو ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ ﺧــــﺎﻧﻮاده Ascidae و Ameroseiidae ﺟﻤــــﻊ آوري و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . از ﻣﻴـﺎن ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري ﺷـﺪه ﭼﻬـﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري ﻛﻨـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea ﮔ ﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر در ارﺗﺒـﺎط ﺑـﺎ ﺑـﺎغ ﻫـﺎي زﻳﺘـﻮن از اﺳـﺘﺎن ﻃﻲ ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 91 - 92 در ﻓﺼﻞ ﻫـﺎي ﺑﻬـﺎر ، ﺗﺎﺑﺴـﺘﺎن و ﭘـﺎﻳﻴﺰ از ﮔﻴﻼن و ﻳﻚ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر از اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي رودﺑﺎر، ﻣﻨﺠﻴـﻞ و رﺳـﺘﻢ آﺑـﺎد ﺑـ ﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻫﺮ دو ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺷـﺪ . ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﺑـﺮداري از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده: Ascidae Voigts & Oudemans 1905 ﺷﺎﺧﻪ و ﺑـﺮگ، ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﮔﻴـﺎﻫﻲ ﭘـﺎي درﺧـﺖ و ﺧـﺎك ﭘـﺎي -1-1 ﺟﻨﺲ Asca von Heyden, 1826 درﺧﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺮﭼﺴﺐ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط -1-1-1 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ & Asca bicornis (Canestrini Fanzago, 1887) ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري ( ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ : ﻣﻜـﺎن ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري و زﻣـﺎن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ) داﺧـﻞ ﭘﺎﻛـﺖ ﻫـﺎي ﭘﻼﺳـﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺑـ ﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸـﮕﺎه وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎده ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻛﻨﻪﻫﺎ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك ، اﻳـﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺸﺘﻲ اﻳﺪﻳﻮزﻣﺎ : اﻳﺪﻳﻮزوﻣﺎ 10 ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮل 340 و ﻋﺮض 7 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 24 ﺗﺎ 48 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ در ﻗﻴﻒ ﺑﺮﻟﺰ ﺗـﻮﻟﮕﺮن ﻗـﺮار 230 ﻣﻴﻜﺮون ، ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ي ﭘﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﺸﺒﻚ ، داراي ﺷﻜﺎف ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻲ و داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷـﺪه در ﻣﺨـﺰن ﻧﮕﻬـﺪاري ﺑﻪ دو ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺠﺰاي ﺟﻠﻮﻳﻲ و ﻋﻘﺒﻲ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪه ، ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻗﻴﻒ ﺑﺮﻟﺰ ﺗﻮﻟﮕﺮن، زﻳﺮ اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻮﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮپ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻛﻨـﻪ ﻫـ ﺎ ﭘﻮدوﻧﻮﺗﺎل داراي 17 و ﺻﻔﺤﻪ اﭘﻴﺴﺘﻮﻧﻮﺗﺎل داراي 15 ﺟﻔﺖ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﻨﺪﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻣﺨﺰن ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺟﺪا ﺷـﺪه و ﻣﻮ، ﻏﺸﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ اﻳﺪﻳﻮزﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ داراي11 ﺟﻔﺖ ﻣﻮ ﺳﺎده، ﺗﻤﺎم در اﺗﺎﻧﻮل 75 درﺻﺪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻛﻨﻪﻫـ ﺎ ﻣﻮﻫﺎي ﭘﺸﺘﻲ ﺻ ﺎف و ﺳﻮزﻧﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ، ﻣﻮ ﻫﺎي ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﻳﻲ از اﻧــــﺪام ﻫــــﺎي ﻫــــﻮاﻳﻲ ﮔﻴــــﺎه، اﻳــــﻦ اﻧــــﺪام ﻫــــﺎ زﻳــــﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﻧﺐ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﺗﺮ از ﻣﻮ ﻫﺎي ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻋﻘﺒﻲ، ﻃﻮل ﻣﻮﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻮﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮپ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻛﻨـﻪ ﻫـ ﺎ ﺑـ ﺎ ﻗﻠـﻢ ﻣـﻮ ي ﻇﺮﻳـﻒ ﭘﺸﺘﻲr3 ،r2 ،z4 ،z3 ،z2 ،j5، j4، j3 ،j2 ،j1(18 -16) 17؛ ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و در اﺗﺎﻧﻮل 75 درﺻﺪ ﻗﺮار داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ - s114؛J2، J1،r5 ،r4 ،s5 ،s4 ،s3 ،z6 ،z5 ،j6 (22 -19) 20؛ 27 8 ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺤﻠـﻮل ﻧﺴـﺒﻴﺖ ، ﺷـﻔﺎف ﺷـﺪه و در ﻣﺤـﻴﻂ (R4 ،R3 ،R2 ،R1 ،Z4 ،Z1 ،S1،s6 (28 -26؛ UR 4 ،J3 36؛ 9 ﻫﻮﻳﺮ روي ﻻم ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮﭘﻲ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . اﺳﻼﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت J5 7؛ S5 38؛ R6 ،S4 ،S3 ،Z2 ،S2 (43 -41) 42؛ J4 58، دو ﻫﻔﺘﻪ در دﺳﺘﮕﺎه آون ﺑـ ﺎ دﻣـﺎي 45 درﺟـﻪ ﺳﻠﺴـﻴﻮس ﻗـﺮ ار Z3 ،Z5 ، ﻣﻴﻜﺮون، ﻣﻮ ﻫﺎي Z4 و S5 در ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻋﻘﺒﻲ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ داده ﺗﺎ ﺧﺸﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮر ﺟﻠـﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﻧﻔـﻮذ رﻃﻮﺑـﺖ ﭘﺸﺘﻲ ﻳﺮ روي ﻳﻚ ﺑﺮآﻣﺪﮔﻲ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ ( ﺷﻜﻞ ).1 ).1 ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ زﻳﺮ ﻻﻣﻞ اﻃﺮاف ﻻﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻻك ﺷﻔﺎف درزﮔﻴـﺮي ﺷـﺪ . ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻜﻤﻲ اﻳﺪﻳﻮزﻣﺎ : ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ي ﺳﻴﻨﻪ اي داراي ﺳﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻳﻲ ﮔﻮﻧــﻪ ﻫــﺎي ﺟﻤــﻊ آوري ﺷــﺪه ﺑــﺎ اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨــﺎﺑﻊ ﺟﻔﺖ ﻣﻮي ﺳﻴﻨﻪ اي ، ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺷﻜﻤﻲ - ﻣﺨﺮﺟﻲ 11 ﺑﺰرگ، ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت، ﻛﺘﺎبﻫﺎ و ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ Gilyarov) ﻣﻮﻫﺎي اﻃﺮاف ﻣﺨﺮﺟﻲ در ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻋﻘﺒﻲ ﺷﻜﺎف ﻣ ﺨﺮﺟﻲ ﻗﺮار et al ., 1977; Karg, 1993; Halliday , 1997; دارﻧﺪ، ﻣﻮ ﻫﺎي St 2 14 و St 5؛ St 1 18؛ St 3 ( 12 -10) 11، Halliday et al ., 1998; Kaluz & Fenda, 2005; ,Zv 1 ،Zv 2 ،PA ،St 4 Shamsi et al ., 2008; Hajizadeh et al ., 2009؛ Jv 1 11 و Jv 2؛ Zv 3 9؛ Jv 4 38 2013 a,b) ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . و PST؛ Jv 5 52 ﻣﻴﻜﺮون، ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ اي و ﺟﻨﺴﻲ ﺑﺪون 7. Berlese funnel 10. Idiosoma 8. Nesbitt’s Fluid 11. Ventrianal shield 9. Hoyer’s medium 64 ﻣﻬﺠﻮري وﺣﺎﺟﻲ زاده، ﻓﻮن و ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫﺎ، ﺟﻨﺲ ﻫﺎ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه از ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن ( ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده) ﻛﻠﻴﺪ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻫﺎ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي Ascidae ﺷﻤﺎل اﻳﺮان ( Hajizadeh et al ., 2009) و ﺟﻨﺲ ﻫﺎ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي Ameroseiidae اﻳﺮان ( Hajizadeh et al ., 2013 ) ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﻛﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ascoidea ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎغ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺘﻮن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . 1 - ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ اي ﻣﺎده ﻫﺎ داراي دو ﺟﻔﺖ ﻣﻮ، ﻛﻮرﻧﻴﻜﻮل ﻫﺎ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ................ Ascidae Voigts & Oudemans 1905 .........
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