DOCSLIB.ORG

Quantitative Determination of Galanthamine and Lycorine in Galanthus Elwesii by HPLC-DAD

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Quantitative Determination of Galanthamine and Lycorine in Galanthus Elwesii by HPLC-DAD Turk J Pharm Sci 11(1), 107-112, 2014 Short communication Quantitative Determination of Galanthamine and Lycorine in Galanthus elwesii by HPLC-DAD Gulen Irem KAYA*, Derya CICEK POLAT, Ahmet EMIR, Buket BOZKURT SARIKAYA, Mustafa Ali ONUR, Nehir UNVER SOMER Ege University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, 35100 Bornova-İzmir, TURKEY In this study, aerial parts and bulbs of Galanthus elwesii Hook. (Amaryllidaceae), collected from three different localities in Southern Turkey, were quantitatively analyzed for their content of galanthamine and lycorine, by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The chromatographic separation was performed using an isocratic system with a mobile phase of trifuoroacetic acid-water-acetonitrile (0.01:90:10) applied at a fow rate 1 mL/min using diode array detector. The content of galanthamine in the aerial parts and bulbs of G. elwesii collected from Cimi village (Antalya) was determined as 0.346 and 0.042 %, respectively. The aerial parts of G. elwesii collected from Ibradi (Antalya) was found to contain 0.287 % galanthamine, whereas the bulbs contained 0.095 % of this alkaloid. Galanthamine was not detected in the samples of G. elwesii growing in Kayrak village (Mersin). Among the tested specimens, lycorine was only found in the bulbs of G. elwesii collected from Ibradi (Antalya) and Kayrak village (Mersin) as 0.005 and 0.015 %, respectively. Key words: Galanthus elwesii, Amaryllidaceae, Galanthamine, Lycorine, HPLC-DAD. Galanthus elwesii Üzerinde YBSK-DAD Yöntemi ile Galantamin ve Likorin Miktar Tayini Bu gali§mada, Türkiye’nin gtineyinde tig farkh lokaliteden toplanan Galanthus elwesii Hook. (Amaryllidaceae) bitkisinin toprak üstii kısımlan ve soğanlarındaki galantamin ve likorin igeriği Yiiksek Basınglı Sıvı Kromatografisi (YBSK) kullanılarak, kantitatif olarak analiz edilmi§tir. Kromatografik ayinm, triforoasetik asit-su-asetonitril mobil fazimn (0.01:90:10) aki§ hızı 1 mL/dk olacak §ekilde uygulandigi izokratik bir sistemden yararlanılarak ve DAD detektörii kullamlmak suretiyle gergekle§tirilmi§tir. Cimi köytinden (Antalya) toplanan G. elwesii bitkisinin toprak üstii kısımlan ve soğanlarındaki galantamin igeriği sırasıyla % 0.346 ve 0.042 olarak tayin edilmi§tir. ibradi (Antalya)’den toplanan G. elwesii bitkisinin toprak iistii kısımlannin % 0.287 galantamin igerdiği tespit edilirken, soğanlann bu alkaloidi % 0.095 orarunda igerdiği saptanrm§tır. Kayrak köytinden (Mersin) toplanan G. elwesii örneklerinde ise galantamin tespit edilmemi§tir. Çali§ilan örnekler arasında likorin, sadece Ibradi (Antalya) ve Kayrak köytinden (Mersin) toplanan G. elwesii soğanlannda sırasıyla % 0.005 ve 0.015 oranlannda bulunmu§tur Anahtar kelimeler: Galanthus elwesii, Amaryllidaceae, Galantamin, Likorin, YBSK-DAD. Correspondence: E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +90 232 311 4079; Fax:+90 232 388 5258 107 Gulen Irem KAYA, Derya CICEK POLAT, Ahmet EMIR, Buket BOZKURT SARIKAYA, Mustafa Ali ONUR, Nehir Unver SOMER INTRODUCTION XPERIMENTAL The family Amaryllidaceae, consisting of Plant material The family Amaryllidaceae, consisting of Plan about 1100 species in 85 genera (1), is we l t material about 1100 species in 85 genera (1), is well G. G. elwesii was collected from Cimi village known for its alkaloids with diverse chemical elwesii was collected from Cimi village n for its alkaloids with diverse chemical and and Ibradi (both in Antalya) and from Kayrak structures and bio ogical activities (2). bradi (both in Antalya) and from Kayrak ures and biological activities (2). villa village (Mersin). The plants were identifed G lanthamine (Figure 1), important alkaloid ge (Mersin). The plants were identified thamine (Figure 1), an important by P by Prof. M. Ali Onur from the Department of rof. M. Ali Onur from the Department of founid found din inAmaryllidacea Amaryllidaceae especies species, , ii s a lonPhga Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege acting, selective, reversibl and competitive macognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege acting, selective, reversible and Uni ersityUniversity, Izmi,r Izmi(Turkey)r (Turkey). Vouche. Voucher sampler samples s etitivacetylcholinesterae acetylcholinesterass inhibitore inhibitor. It is . useIt d ofof r .o felwesii G. elwesii (No’ s (No’1404s ,1404 1405, ,1405 1408, )1408 are ) are is used th foe rtreat the mtreatmen n of tmil ofd mil andd anmoderatd moderate casee s deofp sited posited in thde i Herbariun the Herbarium of thme o Departmenf the Department t cases Aolfz hAeilmzheeri’ms edri’sse adsies e(a3s)e. L(y3c).orLinyec o(Friingeure o2f),P armacognosyof Pharmacognosy, Facult, Faculty of Pharmacyy of Pharmacy, Ege , Ege (Figu r ae com2)m, on aalkaclomidm inonAmarlyklalliodiadceaeinfamiUl yneU, ir snitiyv.ersity. Amar yhlalsid abceeeane pfaromvielyn, thoashabveena pwroivden sptoectrum Chemicals have aofw ibdieo lsopgeictar lu ma cotfiv bi tiioelso gincacl uadci tnivgi tiaens tiviCrahle icals The standard galanthamine and lycorine were (i4n)g, aannttitiuvimr aol r (54), aannttiimt uaml aoriral (5(6),) anTd standarh d galanthamine and lycorine previously isolated from several Galanthus a lnatriianlfam(m6)atorya nadctiviatnietisi n(f7la).m mDuateo rtyo t hwe ier r previously isolated from several tiime sp (o7r)ta. nD t u em teod tihceinirali mpprorptearnttiems,e diitc ihnasl beGennthusspecieal sspecie in ous r inla bou ratorr laboratory and authenticatey and d rotfie sg,reiat t hinatserbesetento o df e tgerrematinein t ehr e s ct ontotent aouft h nticateby sp dctra byl analysespectrasl (UVanalyse, IRs , NM(UVR, IRan,d MS). mthineese t haelk caolonitdesn ti no fthteh epsleanatlsk aolfo Ai dms ainry tlhl iedaceNaHPL anMe d CMS) grad. HPLe acetonitrilC grade eacetonitril (Lab Scaen (LaAnalyticab l faomf iAl ym. Uarpy ltloid daacteea, e vafarimo iul sy .m Ue tphotodsd haatev,e b eSeSciencna Acneas)ly, tTi cFaAl (TrifSucoiernocaeces)t,ic acidT) F (AMerck) udsescrmibeethdo dcsonchearnvien g btehe n q udaenstcifricbaetdion (Tofr i luaonrdo achetriocmatogacraidp)hic g( rMadeerckd)oublea-nddistilled rgnailnagntthhaem qiunaen atnifdi c laytcionrinoef (g8a-l1a1n)t.h amine chrmwao t aotegr awpheirce gurasedde dforubtlhee-d ipsrteilpleadratwi oant e ro f the and l corine (8-11). wer mu soebdilefo rphtahsee.prOepthaer ra ti ocnh eomf icthaels muosbedil ein the Am Among the Amaryllidaceae genera in Turkey, ea. sOsatyh ewr erec ohfemanicalaylsticuasl egdradine.the assay onGalanthusg the LAmaryllidacea. is epresenteed bygener 14 t a xa iann d onphae s Turk y, Galanthus L. is represented by 14 wer of analytical grade. hybrid (12). Of these taxa, Galanthus elwesii HPLC instrument taxa and one hybrid (12). Of these taxa, Hook. has a wide natural distribution and can Galanthus elwesii Hook. has a wide natural HPLC instrumentHPLC a alysi s was carried out using a liquid be found in Bulgaria, northeastern Greece, the distribution and can be found in Bulgaria, HPL chroC analysim tographis wacs systecarriem d(Agilen out usint 110g0 aseries) , eastern Aeg an Islands, southern Ukr ine and northeastern Greece, the eastern Aegean liqu dequippe chromatographid with ac DAsysteD m(Agilen (Agilent 120t 1100 series)0 , Turkey. Within Turkey, this species has the s)a, equippequaternard ywit pumh a pDA systeD (Agilenm (Agilent 120t0 1100 Islands, southern Ukraine and Turkey. Within seri Turkeywides, thit distributios speciens amonhasg oth er s anwidesd naturallt sery i s)s,eraiesquGa1te3r1n1aAry), paumvapc usuyms t e dmega(Assgeirl e(nAt gilent distributiogrowns amonin orthg otherw stes anr ,d westernaturalln yan growd southers 11n0 1s1e0r0ies erGie1s3 G11A32),2Aa), va a tchueurm osdteagttaesds ecrolumn Anatolia (13). in northwestern, western and southern (Ag ecnotmpar1t1m0e0n t (Asegriilesnt 1 1G01032se2rAie)s, G1a316A), Anatolia (13). ther ao smtatatneudalc oinlujemcntorc owmi tpha r2tm0 eμnLt (lAoogpile(nAt gilent In e Ipresenn th present studyt study, aeria, aerial partls p an rtds anbulbd bulbs of s of11 G.0 1100 series G1328 A Rheodyne 7725i). Data elwesiiwesii, , collectec ll cted frofromm threthree differene different localitiet 20s analysis was carried out with "Agilent Chem tiein s southerin nsouther Turkeyn , Turkeywer , quantitativelwere Rhye Station Softw are". The chromatographic assay itatively analyzed for their content of out analyzed for their content of galanthamine and was performed on a Hichrom C column (5(j,, hamine and lycorine, by using High The lycorine, by using High Performance Liquid 250 m m, 4.6 mm) at 290.4 nm. The mobile rmance Liquid Chromatography coupled a H Chromatography coupled with diode array phase consisted of TF A:wa ter:aceto nitrile with iode array detector (HPLC-DAD). at 2 detector (HPLC-DAD). (0.01:90:10, v/v/v) a pplied at a flow rate of 108 Turk J Pharm Sci 11(1), 107-112, 2014 1mL/min (11,14). The analysis was performed Preparation of standard solutions at 25°C. The quantitative determination of For the preparation of the calibration curves galanthamine and lycorine was carried out by of galanthamine and lycorine, 2 mg of each the external standard method based on peak alkaloid was dissolved in 5 mL 0.1 % TFA and areas. filtered (Sem Concept Syringe 100 x 13 mm, 0.45 μm). By diluting the stock solutions, nine 109 Gulen Irem KAYA, Derya CICEK POLAT, Ahmet EMIR, Buket BOZKURT SARIKAYA, Mustafa Ali ONUR, Nehir Unver SOMER different concentrations of galanthamine and found in the bulbs of the specimens of G. elwesii lycorine were prepared within the ranges of 1.0- growing in Kayrak village (Mersin) and Ibradi 400 μg/mL and 1.0-300 μg/mL
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Methods of Isolation and Bioactivity of Alkaloids Obtained from Selected
    DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2021-0016 Curr. Issues Pharm. Med. Sci., Vol. 34, No. 2, Pages 81-86 Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences Formerly ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS MARIAE CURIE-SKLODOWSKA, SECTIO DDD, PHARMACIA journal homepage: http://www.curipms.umlub.pl/ Methods of isolation and bioactivity of alkaloids obtained from selected species belonging to the Amaryllidaceae and Lycopodiaceae families Aleksandra Dymek* , Tomasz Mroczek Independent Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, The Chair of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Poland ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received 17 February 2021 Alkaloids obtained from plants belonging to the Amaryllidaceae and Lycopodiaceae Accepted 20 May 2021 families are of great interest due to their numerous properties. They play a very important Keywords: role mainly due to their strong antioxidant, anxiolytic and anticholinesterase activities. Lycopodium sp., The bioactive compounds obtained from these two families, especially galanthamine Narcissus sp., and huperzine A, have found application in the treatment of the common and AChE inhibitors, TLC, incurable dementia-like Alzheimer’s disease. Thanks to this discovery, there has been SPE, a breakthrough in its treatment by significantly improving the patient’s quality of life and PLE, slowing down disease symptoms – albeit with no chance of a complete cure. Therefore, TLC-bioatography. a continuous search for new compounds with potent anti-AChE activity is needed in modern medicine. In obtaining new therapeutic bioactive phytochemicals from plant material, the isolation process and its efficiency are crucial. Many techniques are known for isolating bioactive compounds and determining their amounts in complex samples. The most commonly utilized methods are extraction using different variants of organic solvents allied with chromatographic and spectrometric techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Species Selected from the Analysis of 2004 EC Annual Report
    Review of species selected from the Analysis of 2005 EC Annual Report to CITES (Version edited for public release) Prepared for the European Commission Directorate General E - Environment ENV.E.2. – Development and Environment by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre May, 2008 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK ABOUT UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world‘s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision- makers recognize the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre‘s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP, the European Commission or contributory organisations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]
  • A Screening Tool for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Comparative biophysical characterization: A screening tool for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors 1 1 2 1 Devashree N. Patil , Sushama A. Patil , Srinivas SistlaID , Jyoti P. JadhavID * 1 Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, MS, India, 2 Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most grievous disease. The oldest cholinergic hypothesis is used to elevate the level of cognitive impairment and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) comprises the major targeted enzyme in AD. Thus, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) constitutes the essential remedy for the treat- OPEN ACCESS ment of AD. The study aims to evaluate the interactions between natural molecules and Citation: Patil DN, Patil SA, Sistla S, Jadhav JP AChE by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The molecules like alkaloids, polyphenols (2019) Comparative biophysical characterization: A screening tool for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. and substrates of AChE have been considered for the study with a major emphasis on affin- PLoS ONE 14(5): e0215291. https://doi.org/ ity and kinetics. To better understand the activity of small molecules, the investigation is sup- 10.1371/journal.pone.0215291 ported by both experimental and theoretical approach such as fluorescence, Circular Editor: David A. Lightfoot, College of Agricultural Dichroism (CD) and molecular docking studies. Amongst the screened ones tannic acid Sciences, UNITED STATES showed promising results compared with others. The methodology followed here have Received: September 26, 2018 highlighted many molecules with a higher affinity towards AChE and these findings may Accepted: March 30, 2019 take lead molecules generated in preclinical studies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • Download PDF Flyer
    REVIEWS IN PHARMACEUTICAL & BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS Editors: Constantinos K. Zacharis and Paraskevas D. Tzanavaras eBooks End User License Agreement Please read this license agreement carefully before using this eBook. Your use of this eBook/chapter constitutes your agreement to the terms and conditions set forth in this License Agreement. Bentham Science Publishers agrees to grant the user of this eBook/chapter, a non-exclusive, nontransferable license to download and use this eBook/chapter under the following terms and conditions: 1. This eBook/chapter may be downloaded and used by one user on one computer. The user may make one back-up copy of this publication to avoid losing it. The user may not give copies of this publication to others, or make it available for others to copy or download. For a multi-user license contact [email protected] 2. All rights reserved: All content in this publication is copyrighted and Bentham Science Publishers own the copyright. You may not copy, reproduce, modify, remove, delete, augment, add to, publish, transmit, sell, resell, create derivative works from, or in any way exploit any of this publication’s content, in any form by any means, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission from Bentham Science Publishers. 3. The user may print one or more copies/pages of this eBook/chapter for their personal use. The user may not print pages from this eBook/chapter or the entire printed eBook/chapter for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained from the publisher for such requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • ALKALOID-BEARING PLANTS and THEIR CONTAINED ALKALOIDS by J
    ALKALOID-BEARING PLANTS and Their Contained Alkaloids TT'TBUCK \ \ '■'. Technical Bulletin No. 1234 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors are indebted to J. W. Schermerhorn and M. W. Quimby, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, for access to the original files of the Lynn Index; to K. F. Rauiïauf, Smith, Kline & French Labora- tories, and to J. H. Hoch, Medical College of South Carolina, for extensive lists of alkaloid plants; to V. S. Sokolov, V. L. Komarova Academy of Science, Leningrad, for a copy of his book; to J. M. Fogg, Jr., and H. T. Li, Morris Arboretum, for botanical help and identification of Chinese drug names ; to Michael Dymicky, formerly of the Eastern Utilization Research and Development Division, for ex- tensive translations; and to colleagues in many countries for answering questions raised during the compilation of these lists. CONTENTS Page Codes used in table 1 2 Table 1.—Plants and their contained alkaloids 7 Table 2.—Alkaloids and the plants in which they occur 240 Washington, D.C. Issued August 1961 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Qovemment Printing OflSce. Washington 25, D.C. Price $1 ALKALOID-BEARING PLANTS AND THEIR CONTAINED ALKALOIDS By J. J. WiLLAMAN, chemist, Eastern Utilization Research and Development Division, and BERNICE G. SCHUBERT, taxonomist. Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service This compilation assembles in one place all the scattered information on the occurrence of alkaloids in the plant world. It consists of two lists: (1) The names of the plants and of their contained alkaloids; and (2) the names and empirical formulas of the alkaloids.
    [Show full text]
  • CATO佳途科技- Cato Research Chemicals Inc
    CATO 现货标准品产品清单 Cato Research Chemicals Inc. 广州佳途科技股份有限公司 CATO Research Chemicals Inc.专注于标准品研发、生产、服务及销 售，率先在中国建立亚洲技术中心实验室，并已通过ISO17034、 药物杂质标准品联系人：黄舒琦 ISO9001体系认证。CATO中国95%以上员工均为本科以上学历，具有高 电话：020-81215950 度专业的化工化学行业经验。 非药物标准品联系人：叶淑明 目前为止，CATO中国已服务超1万家客户，提供的标准品覆盖工业 电话：020-81960175 品、食品、农药残留、兽药残留、环境、药物杂质、天然提取物等领域， E-mail：[email protected] 同时深度支持定制合成。 “扫一扫” 地址：广州市荔湾区西增路63号自编E1-A101A 我们相信，CATO能给您更好的产品及服务！ 关注CATO微信公众号 官网：http://www.cato-chem.com No. 货号 中文名 英文名 CAS号 药物杂质标准品 1 C3D-1016 2-氨基苯酚 2-Aminophenol 95-55-6 2 C3D-1331 门冬氨酸缩合物 (S)-2-((S)-3-Amino-3-carboxypropanamido)succinic acid 60079-22-3 3 C3D-1350 4-氯苯甲酸 4-Chlorobenzoic acid 74-11-3 4 C3D-1447 戊乙奎醚杂质4 Penehyclidine Impurity 4 5422-88-8 5 C3D-1481 氮卓斯汀EP杂质A Azelastine EP Impurity A 613-94-5 6 C3D-1593 氟西汀EP杂质A(盐酸托莫西汀相关化合物A) Fluoxetine EP Impurity A(Atomoxetine Related Compound A) 42142-52-9 7 C3D-1598 瑞巴派特 Rebamipide 90098-04-7 8 C3D-1636 4-甲基苯磺酸异丙酯 Isopropyl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate 2307-69-9 9 C3D-1724 Methyl (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetate hydrochloride Methyl (R)-2-Amino-2-Phenylacetate Hydrochloride 19883-41-1 10 C3D-1792 睾酮 Testosterone 58-22-0 11 C3D-1804 1-羟基苯并三唑 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole 2592-95-2 12 C3D-1808 苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol 100-51-6 13 C3D-1823 2- [4-(溴甲基)苯基]丙酸 2-[4-(Bromomethyl)phenyl]propionic Acid 111128-12-2 14 C3D-1824 甲基-2-氧代环戊烷羧酸 Methyl 2-Oxocyclopentanecarboxylate 10472-24-9 15 C3D-1831 N-(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)-4-(吡啶-3-基)嘧啶-2-胺 N-(2-Methyl-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine 152460-09-8 16 C3D-1837 L-丙氨酰-L-谷氨酰胺 L-Alanyl-L-glutamine 39537-23-0 17 C3D-1848 1咪唑乙酸
    [Show full text]
  • Towards a Molecular Understanding of the Biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Support of Their Expanding Medical Use
    Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 11713-11741; doi:10.3390/ijms140611713 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Review Towards a Molecular Understanding of the Biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Support of Their Expanding Medical Use Adam M. Takos and Fred Rook * Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +45-3533-3343; Fax: +45-3533-3300. Received: 28 April 2013; in revised form: 26 May 2013 / Accepted: 27 May 2013 / Published: 31 May 2013 Abstract: The alkaloids characteristically produced by the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the Amaryllidaceae, bulbous plant species that include well know genera such as Narcissus (daffodils) and Galanthus (snowdrops), are a source of new pharmaceutical compounds. Presently, only the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, is produced commercially as a drug from cultivated plants. However, several Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have shown great promise as anti-cancer drugs, but their further clinical development is restricted by their limited commercial availability. Amaryllidaceae species have a long history of cultivation and breeding as ornamental bulbs, and phytochemical research has focussed on the diversity in alkaloid content and composition. In contrast to the available pharmacological and phytochemical data, ecological, physiological and molecular aspects of the Amaryllidaceae and their alkaloids are much less explored and the identity of the alkaloid biosynthetic genes is presently unknown. An improved molecular understanding of Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthesis would greatly benefit the rational design of breeding programs to produce cultivars optimised for the production of pharmaceutical compounds and enable biotechnology based approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • Poisonous Plants in New Zealand
    THE NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL Journal of the New Zealand Medical Association Poisonous plants in New Zealand: a review of those that are most commonly enquired about to the National Poisons Centre Robin J Slaughter, D Michael G Beasley, Bruce S Lambie, Gerard T Wilkins, Leo J Schep Abstract Introduction New Zealand has a number of plants, both native and introduced, contact with which can lead to poisoning. The New Zealand National Poisons Centre (NZNPC) frequently receives enquiries regarding exposures to poisonous plants. Poisonous plants can cause harm following inadvertent ingestion, via skin contact, eye exposures or inhalation of sawdust or smoked plant matter. Aim The purpose of this article is to determine the 15 most common poisonous plant enquiries to the NZNPC and provide a review of current literature, discussing the symptoms that might arise upon exposure to these poisonous plants and the recommended medical management of such poisonings. Methods Call data from the NZNPC telephone collection databases regarding human plant exposures between 2003 and 2010 were analysed retrospectively. The most common plants causing human poisoning were selected as the basis for this review. An extensive literature review was also performed by systematically searching OVID MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. Further information was obtained from book chapters, relevant news reports and web material. Results For the years 2003–2010 inclusive, a total of 256,969 enquiries were received by the NZNPC. Of these enquiries, 11,049
    [Show full text]
  • Alpine Garden Club of BC 2 WINTER 2008 TABLE of CONTENTS
    Alpine Garden Club of British Columbia Galanthus elwesii “Rosemary Burnham” Photo: Paddy Wales, courtesy UBC Botanical Garden website Vol.51 No. 1 Bulletin WINTER 2008 Web Address: www.agc-bc.ca President: Linda Verbeek 1st V.P. Philip MacDougall 2nd V.P. Dave Sellars Secretary: Allison Carson Treasurer: Amanda Offers Past President: Doug Smith Membership: Ian Gillam Seed Exchange: Ian and Phyllis Plenderleith Program: Philip MacDougall Annual Show: Diane Hume, Karen Thirkell Pot Show: Dana Cromie Plant Sale: Mark Demers Librarian: Pam Frost Open Gardens: Ann Dies Refreshments: Dorothy Yarema Publicity: Joan Bunn Webmaster: Chris Klapwijk Bulletin Editor: Sue Evanetz Bulletin Publishing: Moya Drummond Copy Editor: Ian Gillam Committee Members Mark Demers, Ann Dies, Diane Hume, Stuart Scholefield Karen Thirkell, Chris Klapwijk Honorary Life Members Rosemary Burnham, Margaret Charlton, Grace Conboy, Francisca Darts, Pam Frost, Daphne Guernsey, Bodil Leamy, Jim MacPhail, Geoff Williams, Bob Woodward Meetings are held the second Wednesday of each month except July & August, in the Floral Hall, VanDusen Botanical Garden. Doors and Library open at 7:00pm and Meetings start at 7:30pm sharp with the educational talk. Don’t forget to bring a prize for the raffle which goes a long way to paying for the hall rental. Cover: This photograph of Galanthus elwesii “Rosemary Burnham” was taken by Paddy Wales of Roberts Creek, BC and was featured as a Botany Photo of the Day on the website of the University of BC Botanical Garden, March 24th 2007. We are proud that AGCBC member Rosemary Burnham, a dedicated plantswoman and artist, was the first to discover this variety; see Pam Frosts article on p20.
    [Show full text]
  • Analytical Reference Standards
    Cerilliant Quality ISO GUIDE 34 ISO/IEC 17025 ISO 90 01:2 00 8 GM P/ GL P Analytical Reference Standards 2 011 Analytical Reference Standards 20 811 PALOMA DRIVE, SUITE A, ROUND ROCK, TEXAS 78665, USA 11 PHONE 800/848-7837 | 512/238-9974 | FAX 800/654-1458 | 512/238-9129 | www.cerilliant.com company overview about cerilliant Cerilliant is an ISO Guide 34 and ISO 17025 accredited company dedicated to producing and providing high quality Certified Reference Standards and Certified Spiking SolutionsTM. We serve a diverse group of customers including private and public laboratories, research institutes, instrument manufacturers and pharmaceutical concerns – organizations that require materials of the highest quality, whether they’re conducing clinical or forensic testing, environmental analysis, pharmaceutical research, or developing new testing equipment. But we do more than just conduct science on their behalf. We make science smarter. Our team of experts includes numerous PhDs and advance-degreed specialists in science, manufacturing, and quality control, all of whom have a passion for the work they do, thrive in our collaborative atmosphere which values innovative thinking, and approach each day committed to delivering products and service second to none. At Cerilliant, we believe good chemistry is more than just a process in the lab. It’s also about creating partnerships that anticipate the needs of our clients and provide the catalyst for their success. to place an order or for customer service WEBSITE: www.cerilliant.com E-MAIL: [email protected] PHONE (8 A.M.–5 P.M. CT): 800/848-7837 | 512/238-9974 FAX: 800/654-1458 | 512/238-9129 ADDRESS: 811 PALOMA DRIVE, SUITE A ROUND ROCK, TEXAS 78665, USA © 2010 Cerilliant Corporation.
    [Show full text]
  • Mise Au Point D'un Système Chromatographique Permettant De Détecter En Ligne La Présence D'inhibiteurs De L'acét
    Mise au point d’un système chromatographique permettant de détecter en ligne la présence d’inhibiteurs de l’acétylcholinestérase et de comparer qualitativement leurs activités inhibitrices Ye Yuan To cite this version: Ye Yuan. Mise au point d’un système chromatographique permettant de détecter en ligne la présence d’inhibiteurs de l’acétylcholinestérase et de comparer qualitativement leurs activités inhibitrices. Chimie analytique. Université de Strasbourg, 2019. Français. NNT : 2019STRAF016. tel-02965518 HAL Id: tel-02965518 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02965518 Submitted on 13 Oct 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG ÉCOLE DOCTORALE des Sciences Chimiques UMR 7178 THÈSE présentée par : 1 Ye YUAN Soutenue le : 06 septembre 2019 pour obtenir le grade de : Docteur de l’université de Strasbourg Discipline/ Spécialité : Chimie analytique Mise au point d'un système chromatographique permettant de détecter en ligne la présence d’inhibiteurs de l’acétylcholinestérase et de comparer qualitativement leurs
    [Show full text]
  • Plants with Conservation Status, Endemics and Relics Within the Tarnovski Heights (Northern Bulgaria)
    International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-3, Issue-9, September 2017 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com Plants with conservation status, endemics and relics within the Tarnovski Heights (Northern Bulgaria) Dimcho Zahariev1*, Lidiya Taneva2 1 University of Shumen, Shumen, Bulgaria 2 Master Student in University of Shumen, Shumen, Bulgaria * E-mail: [email protected] Abstract count also the Prisovski Ridge. Geographically speaking, The Tarnovski Heights are located in northern part of the the ridge is a separate positive form of the relief. From an Republic of Bulgaria around the city of Veliko Tarnovo, a environmental point of view, both geographical sites, town with a 6,000 years history and the capital of the Tarnovski Heights and Prisovski Ridge, are included in Second Bulgarian Kingdom (XII-XIV AD). Nowadays on one protected zone of the National Ecological Network of the territory of the Tarnovski Heights, there are 12 the Republic of Bulgaria named Tarnovski Heights (with protected areas and 4 protected zones of the European code BG0000213). Therefore, in this study, they will be ecological network NATURA 2000. The aim of our study considered together under the name Tarnovski Heights. was to investigate the following three important groups of plants: species with conservation status, endemics and relics. This study within the Tarnovski Heights is performed for the first time. The total number of plant species with conservation status established by us is 64 (6.64% of the total number of species). One of those species is included in the Appendix II of Directive 92/43/ЕЕС.
    [Show full text]