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NEWSLETTER Issue #7 • September 10, 2013

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NEWSLETTER Issue #7 • September 10, 2013 NEWSLETTER Issue #7 • September 10, 2013 2013 Calendar of Events for FALL Palomar College Arboretum Home Page: http://www.palomar.edu/arboretum/ Stinking Flowers: Blossoms That stench of some carrion flowers may be caused by amines incoming pollinators are trapped behind a temporary Smell Bad & Attract Flies from the putrefaction of rotting proteins. Even in low barrier of hairs. After a day the hairs wilt, allowing the concentrations of 5 to 10 parts per billion, they are flies to escape. At this time male flowers release pollen, Photos and Article by W.P. Armstrong detected by the human nose. dusting the outgoing flies for their next floral visit. Spe- cies of Aristolochia are often called “pipe vines” because typical flower may be stereotyped as a colorful, Blossoms of certain members of the arum family the flowers are shaped like a 19th century Dutch pipe sweet-smelling structure that attracts insects. A (Araceae) release volatile dimethyl sulfides to attract A like the one used by Sherlock Holmes. variety of insects find the showy petals and fragrance blowflies. These molecules have the unpleasant odor of irresistible, and the reward for their pollination service rotten eggs and animal feces. They are present in arums The flowers of Stapelia not only smell like a dead is a carbohydrate-rich, sugary nectar secretion from such as Amorphophallus and in the stinkhorn fungi. animal, but they are also flesh-colored and covered with the flower. While the above scenario fits the majority In some arums, the flower-bearing spadix heats up to hair. The closely related genus Cercropia produces strik- of flowering plants, there are many notable exceptions. further vaporize the volatile stench. The largest and most ing, malodorous blossoms shaped like a wine glass, often Some plants rely on wind or water for pollination, and remarkable stinking arums are native to tropical regions, with glistening cilia to attract flies. Like Aristolochia, produce inconspicuous flowers with copious airborne or including the “corpse flower” (A. titanum) of Sumatra they detain their visiting flies until the male flowers are water-dispersed pollen. But of all the exceptions to the and Indonesia with an erect spadix 8 feet tall. We have a mature. native arum in the Pacific northwest called yellow skunk typical flower stereotype, some of the most remarkable Flower “scent mimics” that lure carrion insects into cabbage (Lysichiton americanum) with a noticeable are known as “carrion flowers,” showy blossoms with their putrid blossoms are some of nature’s most fascinat- skunky odor. Black bears actively seek this plant out the stench of rotting flesh. They belong to a variety of ing (and successful) experiments in evolution. They after many months of hibernation because it provides different and unrelated plant families, and include some certainly represent some of the most fantastic examples them with a natural laxative. of the largest and most bizarre flowers. of floral diversity. Although they include some of the Carrion flowers are masters in the art of deception The undisputed largest flower is called “stinking largest and showiest blossoms in the world, they will because they lure flesh and fecal-loving insects into their corpse lily” (Rafflesia arnoldii), an unusual stem parasite probably never be used in a floral arrangement on your blossoms. The flowers get pollinated but the fate of the in the Rafflesiaceae. It is also native to Sumatra and the dining room table. Malay Archipelago. A strange South African root para- insects is much more dismal. Maggots hatching from For additional information see article & images on site (Hydora africana) grows on the roots of Euphorbia eggs laid by flies will perish from lack of any suitable Wayne’s Word: Stinking Flowers: species and is pollinated by carrion beetles. food. Unlike typical insect-pollinated flowers, most car- http://waynesword.palomar.edu/ww0602.htm rion flowers do not waste precious energy on rewarding Flowers of Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia) have its pollinators with copious nectar. The overpowering an ingenious mechanism for cross pollination where A furry South African carrion flower (Stapelia flavirostris). The undisputed world’s largest flower (Rafflesia arnoldii), the largest arum (Amorphophallus titanum), and a strange South African root parasite (Hydnora africana). Ceropegia haygarthii, a member of the Apocynaceae related to Stapelia. Yellow skunk cabbage (Lysichiton americanum), a showy arum native to the Pacific northwest. A Dutchman’s pipe (Aristolochia californica) native to the Coast Ranges of California and foothills of the Sierra Ne- Theatre Garden near the new Performing Arts Complex. vada. It is pollinated by fungus gnats. Three landscape photos by Melinda Finn. Have You Walked Around The Campus Lately? he Palomar College campus is becoming a the Science Bldg and Planetarium. Many of these Please check the Arboretum web page for coming Tbotanical garden. Thanks to Tony Rangel, we now plants already have labels. Tony is also working on a events next spring (2014): have several distinct gardens on campus, each with book about the “The Gardens of Palomar College” http://www.palomar.edu/arboretum/calendarEvents. unique plants: (1) Mesoamerican Garden near the including some of the interesting plantings and people htm. We are planning some interesting lectures and Weight Training Bldg, (2) Theatre Garden near the who have made this possible over the years. workshops. Wayne Armstrong is planning a lecture Performing arts Complex, (3) Hawaiian Garden near on “Botanical Record-Breakers,” amazing trivia about A number of years ago Prop M was passed and the D Bldg, (4) Polynesian Garden near the Teaching plants of the world. See his on-line lecture outline at: money was appropriated for the Arboretum. This & Learning Center, (5) Monocot Garden near the http://waynesword.palomar.edu/BotRecords1.htm. money will be used for wheelchair accessible trails and Science Bldg, (6) Native Plant Garden near the an irrigation system that will greatly enhance our Science Bldg, and (7) Medicinal Plants Garden near Arboretum. Stay tuned for this important development. Palomar College San Marcos Campus Map 1140 W. Mission Road San Marcos, CA 92069 ld e Fi r e cc ITC T So 5 6 ITC 7um Planetari P Constructio4n Zone Humanities Construction Zone N. Las Posas MD HS 1 MB - 3 1 2 Theatre HBT HBT Parking Lot 1 O Parking Lot 15 PA L N. as Posas as Would you like to be an Arboretum Volunteer? aintaining the Palomar College Arboretum is an diverse plant collection a database of all the plants on Complete information and a volunteer registration Menormous task and takes countless hours to keep campus is maintained. Help with this computerized packet is available from the Human Resources Office at: all the gardens growing. We are often asked: What does database project is always needed. http://www.palomar.edu/hr/Personnel/volunteers.htm. an Arboretum volunteer do? How many hours would a In addition to maintaining the District’s plant We request that volunteers commit to at least 4 hours volunteer be expected to work? Can anyone volunteer?6/1/10 collection we operate our own nursery and propagation per week and submit to the grounds supervisor a record Tasks assigned to volunteers are based on an area. We also maintain a seed bank for several of the of hours worked on a monthly basis. In addition, mem- individual’s knowledge, experience and physical limita- more rare and unique plants. Plant propagation work bers of the Friends of the Arboretum are eligible for an tions. Some horticultural experience is a plus; however is vital to the grounds department. Seeds and cuttings annual parking pass of $30 at the following link: it is not necessary. Basic tasks include raking leaves, of our specimens are collected from various places and http://www.palomar.edu/arboretum/ sweeping, weeding and watering. Other complex tasks propagated here in our nursery. With the diversity of ParkingPermitApplication.pdf. like trimming and planting may be asked of volunteers plants on campus, volunteers have an opportunity to if they have been trained properly by the Grounds work with cactus, succulents, trees and shrubs from Services staff. In an effort to keep track of the large and around the world. 2013 Calendar of Events for FALL - Events, Workshops, Lectures and Tours for 2013 For Room Numbers Please Refer To The On-Line Events Calendar: http://www.palomar.edu/arboretum/calendarEvents.htm *Saturday, September 14 *Saturday, October 5 *Saturday, November 2 10:00 am – Noon 8:00 am – Noon 10:00 am – Noon “Discover the Plants of Palomar “Annual Fall Arboretum “The Kingdom Fungi” College Walking Tour” Beautification Day” with Steve Farrar Friends with Tony Rangel Meet at the Patron’s Friendship Pavilion in the Room: First Floor NS FrBuildingiends in room #139 of the Front of the Boehm Gallery Arboretum. Please RSVP Tony Rangel if you are Please park in Parking Lotsof th 5e & 3B. (free parking The tour is free and open to the public. planning to help. for attendees for thisPalomar lecture Colleg only) e Palomar College Please park in Parking Lots 5 & 3B. Email: [email protected] Please RSVP ArboretuTony Rangel if you arem planningArboretu m (free parking for attendees) Call: (760) 744-1150 x2133 to attend this lecture. Please RSVP Tony Rangel if you are planning to Free parking in Parking Lots #5 & 3B for this Email: [email protected] attend this tour. event day and time only. Call: (760) 744-1150 x2133 Email: [email protected] • Continental breakfast in the morning and Free parking in Parking Lot #5 for this event day Call: (760) 744-1150 ext. 2133 water will be provided through-out the day. and time only • Please bring along your rake, shovel, gloves, hat, sunscreen & sunglasses. *Thursday, October 3 NOTE TO FACULTY: You can receive 8:00 am – 3:00 pm • Mark your tools with your name and phone Professional Development credit by taking our “Annual Arboretum number.
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