Netanyahou En Embuscade Pour Fragiliser Le Gouvernement Israélien

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Netanyahou En Embuscade Pour Fragiliser Le Gouvernement Israélien Publié le 16 septembre 2021(Mise à jour le 16/09) Par Sophie Esposito Cinéma : “Le Genou d’Ahed”, un film contre la censure Plaidoyer pour la liberté d’expression et l’accès à la culture, appel à la résistance contre toute forme de censure, Le Genou d’Ahed est un drame radical, politique et contestataire. Y prépare Le Genou d’Ahed, un film sur l’adolescente palestinienne considérée comme terroriste après avoir giflé un soldat israélien en 2018. Invité à présenter un de ses précédents films dans un village reculé au bout du désert d’Arava, il rencontre Yahalom, la jeune fonctionnaire du ministère de la Culture en charge de toute l’activité culturelle et artistique de la région. Lorsque celle-ci lui demande de remplir un formulaire pour valider les sujets du débat à venir, tout se complique. Ébranlé par le cancer de sa mère, Y est pris par un violent désir de révolte. Prix du jury au dernier Festival de Cannes, ce quatrième long-métrage de Nadav Lapid est un film coup de poing dans sa forme et dans son propos. Un film imprévisible, plein d’excès, de bruit, de fureur, d’envolées musicales, de flash- backs, de ruptures de ton, d’absurdité et de fausses routes. Un film où l’autobiographie flirte avec la géographie, le désir d’aimer avec le sentiment du néant. Un film éprouvant et puissant, étrange et radical, aussi innovant que provocateur qui tente de photographier l’âme d’une société israélienne schizophrène, pleine de pulsions contenues, de désespoir et de colère, dans un pays où la violence (nationaliste, militaire) est devenue quotidienne, castratrice et illégitime. Le Genou d’Ahed de Nadav Lapid, en salle le 15 septembre (1 h 49). Publié le 14 septembre 2021(Mise à jour le 18/09) Par Sophie Nouaille La communauté juive de Bahreïn vit de nouveau sa foi au grand jour Ils ne sont plus qu’une cinquantaine mais ils peuvent désormais pratiquer leur foi sans crainte depuis la normalisation des relations bilatérales entre Israël et Bahreïn, signée en octobre 2020. La communauté juive de ce petit état du Golfe revit ! Les juifs de Bahreïn jouissent d’une position politique et économique relativement privilégiée dans le petit royaume voisin de l’Arabie saoudite. Mais la cinquantaine de fidèles a dû pratiquer les rituels religieux à domicile depuis la destruction de la synagogue au début du conflit israélo-arabe en 1947. La synagogue ouverte à nouveau au culte “Les accords (de normalisation) ont tout changé”, assure à l’AFP Ibrahim Nonoo, chef de la communauté juive de Bahreïn qui compte une cinquantaine d’âmes. “Nous sommes heureux de vivre au grand jour”, ajoute-t-il la tête couverte d’une kippa noire qu’il se réjouit de pouvoir porter en public. Sous l’impulsion des Etats-Unis de Donald Trump, Israël a établi en 2020 de nouvelles relations officielles avec plusieurs pays arabes, notamment le Bahreïn. Les accords politiques se sont accompagnés de messages de tolérance, éludant la question palestinienne, naguère au cœur des relations entre l’Etat hébreu et ses voisins arabes. En août, pour la première fois depuis 74 ans, une prière publique de shabbat, jour de repos hebdomadaire des juifs, s’est tenue dans la synagogue, située dans un marché populaire dans le centre de Manama. La communauté locale, des juifs expatriés et même des diplomates étaient présents. “Nous pouvons désormais accueillir les juifs dans la synagogue et nous espérons qu’ils viendront régulièrement”, se réjouit M. Nonoo. “un renouveau de l’histoire des juifs de la région” A l’intérieur de la synagogue blanche aux fenêtres en bois, un grand écran diffuse en direct les prières du shabbat et des livres de religion en hébreu, arabe et anglais sont placés sur la bimah, l’estrade où se déroule la lecture de la Torah. Pour le chef de l’Association des communautés juives du Golfe, le rabbin Elie Abadie, le retour des prières publiques juives constitue “un renouveau de l’histoire des juifs de la région”. “Des prières juives retentissent publiquement dans cette région depuis plus de 2.000 ans, et malheureusement elles se sont arrêtées en 1947. Les reprendre, c’est comme revenir à la maison”, raconte à l’AFP le rabbin. La normalisation de 2020, dite “accords d’Abraham”, a constitué une rupture avec le consensus arabe selon lequel il ne devrait y avoir aucun lien avec Israël avant la fin de l’occupation des territoires palestiniens par l’Etat hébreu. Avant la normalisation, les juifs de Bahreïn jouissaient déjà d’une certaine visibilité, à l’instar de Houda Nonoo, ancienne ambassadrice du pays à Washington. C’est aussi le cas de la députée Nancy Khedouri. Tolérance et entente politique et économique “De nombreux juifs souhaitent se rendre dans la région”, assure à l’AFP la parlementaire bahreïnie, évoquant un “rêve de nouvelles opportunités” et un enthousiasme à “apprendre des juifs qui vivent déjà dans la région du Golfe”. Juste avant Bahreïn, les Emirats arabes unis ont été le premier pays du Golfe à annoncer la normalisation de leurs relations avec Israël. L’étalage de tolérance et d’entente a également accompagné la normalisation largement centrée sur des considérations politiques et économiques. Une communauté qui revit petit à petit “Dieu est partout et en moi, mais prier dans la synagogue me fait sentir que ma voix sera plus spéciale”, confie à l’AFP Aviva, une fidèle de 40 ans qui a rejoint Ibrahim Nonoo pour la prière. Aviva se souvient d’avoir eu les “larmes aux yeux” en assistant à la première prière à la synagogue le mois dernier. “C’était un moment très spécial”, confit-elle. Cette fervente pratiquante espère que la communauté va se développer encore davantage avec notamment la construction d’une école juive pour sa fille de deux ans. Mais Ibrahim Nonoo, père de deux fils expatriés, ne cache pas son inquiétude quant à l’avenir de sa communauté qui vieillit, les plus jeunes ayant quitté le pays. Le responsable religieux cherche à financer la construction d’une école près de la synagogue pour assurer une éducation juive aux jeunes générations. Son objectif est de “faire venir un jeune rabbin à Bahreïn pour y raviver le judaïsme, pour aider à développer la communauté”. Sophie Nouaille avec AFP Publié le 5 juillet 2021(Mise à jour le 5/07) Par Rédaction Réforme Loi sur la citoyenneté: Netanyahou en embuscade pour fragiliser le gouvernement israélien La loi interdisant le regroupement familial palestinien en Israël expire le 6 juillet 2021. La question de sa reconduction par la Knessett cristallise les tensions entre le gouvernement et l’opposition. C’est un coup de billard à trois bandes que tentent de jouer les députés du Likoud, depuis les bancs de l’opposition de laKnesset , où ils siègent depuis l’élection du nouveau Premierministre Naftali Bennett le 13 juin dernier: empêcher le renouvellement d’une loi interdisant le regroupement familial palestinien qu’eux-mêmes ont votée tous les ans depuis 2009 et qui arrive à expiration ce 6 juillet. L’enjeu pour Benyamin Netanyahou aujourd’hui chef de l’opposition est affiché depuis son échec aux dernières élections: mettre en difficulté le gouvernement actuel qu’il considère “illégitime” et “dangereux”. Pour ce faire, il s’ingénie à appuyer sur les points faibles de cette fragile coalition, constituée de partis aux idéologies couvrant le spectre politique de l’extrême-gauche à l’extrême-droite, et qui s’opposent sur tout sauf le rejet de l’ex-omnipotent Premier ministre. Le but de cette loi controversée est de bloquer automatiquement l’octroi de la citoyenneté israélienne aux Palestiniens qui se marient à des Israéliens. Elle vient restreindre la portée d’une autre loi, concernant la réunification familiale et qui permet à un Israélien de réclamer la citoyenneté pour son conjoint ou sa conjointe non-israélienne. Mais aujourd’hui, la plupart des demandes sont soumises par des Arabes israéliens au sujet d’un ou d’une partenaire palestinienne vivant en Cisjordanie ou dans la Bande de Gaza. Cette loi controversée qui vient limiter la réunification familiale a été votée il y a 18 ans, dans le contexte sanglant de la Deuxième Intifada, pour rendre plus difficile l’accès à Israël à de potentiels membres de groupes terroristes. Le 29 juin dernier, des manifestants incluant le député arabe israélien Ayman Odeh de la Liste Unie ont manifesté devant la Knesset pour protester contre cette loi qui contrarie aujourd’hui l’union de nombreux citoyens Arabes israéliens. Vifs échanges à la Knesset autour du regroupement familial palestinien Le Meretz, le parti le plus à gauche de la coalition, a menacé de ne pas voter cette loi. Mais Issawi Fredj, membre du parti, a proposé un compromis qui semble avoir été accepté: une loi de six mois plutôt que d’un an, et la constitution d’un panel afin d’étudier les demandes au cas par cas. De son côté, Walid Taha, député du Raam, le parti islamo-conservateur membre de la coalition Bennett, a annoncé qu’il ne voterait pas pour une loi “raciste et antidémocratique”. Dès la semaine dernière, les discussions préliminaires au renouvellement de cette loi ont engendré de vifs échanges au sein de la Knesset: “Soyez une opposition à nous, le gouvernement, ne soyez pas une opposition à l’État d’Israël” a déclaré Yair Lapid, numéro deux du gouvernement et véritable architecte de cette coalition, ajoutant que lorsqu’il était lui-même dans l’opposition, il avait voté le renouvellement de cette loi pour “garantir le caractère juif d’Israël”. “Si le gouvernement ne peut pas adopter cette loi, il n’a pas de légitimité pour continuer d’exister », a déclaré Netanyahu qui fait subir à cette coalition dite “du changement” sa première et véritable épreuve du feu.
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