Regional Trends 43 2010/11 Geography Notes and Definitions

Statistical Regions of the United Kingdom The statistical regions of the UK comprise the Regions of England together with Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Regions: England The Regions of England were formerly known as Government Office Regions (GORs) until their closure in March 2011. Government Offices for the Regions were established across England in 1994. In 1996, GORs became the primary classification for the presentation of regional statistics. The Government Office for the North West merged with the Government Office for Merseyside in August 1998. In tables, the East of England (formerly the Eastern Region) is referred to as East.

Local government

England The local government structure remains largely as defined at 1 April 1998. The implementation of local government reorganisation in England took place in four phases on 1 April in each year between 1995 and 1998. The reorganisation involved only the non-metropolitan counties. Unitary Authorities (UAs) replaced the two-tier system of County Councils and Local Authority District Councils in parts of some shire counties and, in some instances, across the whole county. For statistical purposes grouping UAs by geography can be helpful.

By legal definition all unitary authorities in England are counties. However, for many purposes the unitary authorities are treated as districts. For the majority of unitary authorities their establishment was achieved without geographical change. However, for a few unitary authorities, there were some boundary changes at District and Ward levels, most notably, the County of Herefordshire UA in the West Midlands and Peterborough UA in the East of England.

On the 1 April 2009 there was a further local government reorganisation that created nine further unitary authorities in England. The tables will change to include these as datasets move onto the new geography. The map shows both old and new administrative areas. Details of the changes are given below (continued after map). x Country Durham UA comprises the former districts of Chester-le-Street, Derwentside, Durham, Easington, Sedgefield, Teesdale and Wear Valley x Northumberland UA comprises the former districts of Alnwick, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Blyth Valley, Castle Morpeth, Tynedale and Wansbeck x Cheshire East UA comprises the former districts of Congleton, Crewe and Nantwich and Macclesfield x Cheshire West and Chester UA comprises the former districts of Chester, Ellesmere Port & Neston and Vale Royal

260 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Counties and unitary authorities in England, 19981 and 20092

1 Hartlepool Local government structure 2 Middlesbrough post April 20092 3 Redcar and Cleveland 4 Stockton-on-Tees 5 Darlington 6 Halton County Durham 7 Warrington 8 Blackburn with Darwen 9 Blackpool 10 East Riding of Yorkshire 11 City of Kingston upon Hull 12 North East Lincolnshire 13 North Lincolnshire Northumberland 14 York A 15 Derby North 16 Leicester Tyne and Wear B 17 Rutland East Met. County 18 Nottingham A Cheshire West and Chester 19 County of Herefordshire Cumbria B Cheshire East 20 Telford and Wrekin Durham 1 21 Stoke-on-Trent North 4 22 Luton 5 2 3 A 23 Peterborough West North 24 Southend-on-Sea B 25 Thurrock Yorkshire 26 Bracknell Forest Yorkshire and A Bedford 27 Reading B Central Bedfordshire 28 Slough The Humber 29 West Berkshire 14 11 30 Windsor and Maidenhead 9 Lancashire 10 31 Wokingham West Yorkshire 32 Milton Keynes 8 Met. County Cornwall 33 Brighton and Hove Greater 13 34 Portsmouth Merseyside Manchester 12 Isles of Met. County South Yorkshire Scilly 35 Southampton Met. County Met. County 36 Isle of Wight 7 37 Medway 6 38 Bath and North Derbyshire Lincolnshire East Somerset Cheshire Notts 39 City of Bristol 21 40 North Somerset 18 East 41 South 15 Gloucestershire Staffordshire Midlands 42 Plymouth 20 Leicestershire Norfolk 43 Torbay 16 17 44 Bournemouth Shropshire 23 W.MidsW.Mids 45 Poole West Met. County

46 Swindon e r i Cambridgeshire Midlands h s Northants k Suffolk Worcs ic War w 19 32 Beds East of England

Bucks 22 Essex Gloucestershire Hertfordshire Oxfordshire 30 28 27 24 41 46 London 25 3737 39 29 40 3126 38 Wiltshire Surrey Kent Hampshire Somerset South East South West W. Sussex E. Sussex

Devon Dorset 33 35 36 34 Cornwall and 454444 Isles of Scilly

42 43 Unitary authorites from 1st April 2009

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011 1 Local government structure as at April 1998. 2 Areas affected by changes on 1st April 2009 are shaded blue.

261 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

x Shropshire UA comprises the former districts of Bridgnorth, North Shropshire, Oswestry, Shrewsbury and Atcham, and South Shropshire x Bedford UA comprises the former district of Bedford x Central Bedfordshire UA comprises of the former districts of Mid Bedford and South Bedfordshire. x Cornwall UA comprises the former districts of Caradon, Carrick, Kerrier, North Cornwall, Penwith and Restormel x Isles of Scilly was recoded as a separate area x Wiltshire UA comprises the former districts of Kennet, North Wiltshire, Salisbury and West Wiltshire.

Full details of administrative geography can be found at: www.statistics.gov.uk/geography/beginners_guide.asp

Wales On 1 April 1996, the 8 counties and 37 districts of Wales were replaced by 22 Unitary Authorities. These Unitary Authorities are usually presented in alphabetical order.

Unitary authorities in Wales, 2005 Awdurdodau unedol yng Nghymru

Isle of Anglesey/ Ynys Môn

D e 1 S n Conwy/ i b r i D g Conwy h d s in h b ir y e/ 2 ch

Gwynedd/ Gwynedd

1 Flintshire/Sir y Fflint 2 Wrexham/ Wrecsam 3 Swansea/Abertawe 4 Neath Port Talbot/Castell-nedd Port Talbot 5 Bridgend/Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr Ceredigion/ Powys/ 6 Rhondda, Cynon, Taff/Rhondda, Cynon, Taf Ceredigion Powys 7 The Vale of Glamorgan/Bro Morgannwg 8 Merthyr Tydfil/Merthyr Tudful 9 Cardiff/Caerdydd 10 Caerphilly/Caerffili 11 Blaenau Gwent/Blaenau Gwent Pembrokeshire/ Carmarthenshire/ 12 Torfaen/Tor-faen Sir Benfro Sir Gaerfyrddin M 13 Newport/Casnewydd o n S m ir o 11 F u y t 8 n h 3 4 12 w sh y ire 6 10 / 5 13 9 7

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011

262 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Scotland On 1 April 1996, the 10 local authority regions and 56 districts of Scotland were replaced by 32 unitary Councils. These Councils are usually presented in alphabetical order. Councils in Scotland, 1996

Orkney Shetland Islands Islands

Eilean Siar (Western Isles)

Highland Moray Aberdeenshire

14

Angus Perth & Kinross 13 1 Inverclyde Argyll 2 West Dunbartonshire & Bute Stirling Fife 3 Renfrewshire 11 4 East Renfrewshire E 5 Glasgow City 2 6 8 ast 10 Lot n 6 East Dunbartonshire 1 3 5 7 9 hia 12 7 North Lanarkshire 4 North South 8 Falkirk Ayrshire Lanarkshire 9 West Lothian East Scottish Borders 10 Edinburgh, City of Ayrshire 11 Clackmannanshire South 12 Midlothian Ayrshire Dumfries & 13 Dundee City Galloway 14 Aberdeen City

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011

263 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Northern Ireland

The 26 districts of Northern Ireland are presented in the local authority key statistics tables.

District Councils in Northern Ireland, 1992

Moyle 1 Limavady 2 Derry 1 Coleraine Ballymena 2 Ballymoney 3 Newtownabbey Strabane Magherafelt Larne 4 Carrickfergus 5 Belfast Antrim 4 3 6 Castlereagh Cookstown 7 North Down Omagh 7 8 Craigavon 5 Ards 6 Dungannon Lisburn 8 Fermanagh

Armagh Banbridge Down

Newry and Mourne

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011

NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Statistics) area classification NUTS is a hierarchical classification of areas that provides a breakdown of the European Union’s economic territory for producing regional statistics that are comparable across the Union. It has been used since 1988 in EU legislation for determining the distribution of the Structural Funds. The NUTS five-tier structure for the United Kingdom (UK) was reviewed during 1998 as a consequence of the move to using Government Office Regions as the principal classification for English Regions and the local government re-organisation that took place in the same year. The NUTS structure comprises current national administrative areas, except in Scotland where some NUTS areas comprise whole and/or part local enterprise company areas.

As a result of a European Union-wide NUTS regulation enacted in June 2003 it is now obligatory to use the NUTS geographies in the regulation (including the new codes). There are only minimal changes for the UK, although NUTS levels 4 and 5 no longer have any official status and should be referred to as LAU (Local Administrative Unit) 1 and 2 respectively.

The NUTS classification is reviewed periodically: the latest changes were agreed in 2008.

264 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

NUTS levels 1, 2 and 3 in England,1 2008 NUTS level 3 areas 1 Tyneside 41 Buckinghamshire CC 2 Sunderland 42 Bedfordshire CC 3 Darlington 43 Luton 4 Hartlepool and Stockton-on-Tees 44 Outer London - West and North West 5 South Teeside 45 Inner London - West 6 Blackpool 46 Inner London - East 7 Blackburn with Darwen 47 Outer London - East and North East 8 Sefton 48 Outer London - South 9 Liverpool 49 Thurrock 10 East Merseyside 50 Southend-on-Sea 11 Greater Manchester North Northumberland 51 Medway 12 Greater Manchester South Northumberland and 52 Bristol, City of 13 York Tyne and Wear 53 Bath and North East Somerset, North 14 Bradford Somerset and South Gloucestershire 1 15 Calderdale, Kirklees and Wakefield 54 Swindon 16 East Riding of Yorkshire 2 55 Plymouth 17 Kingston upon Hull, City of Tees Valley and 56 Torbay 18 North and North East Lincolnshire West Durham 57 Bournemouth and Poole 19 Barnsley, Doncaster and Rotherham Cumbria Durham CC 4 58 Southampton 20 Sheffield Cumbria 3 5 59 Portsmouth 21 East Derbyshire 60 Brighton and Hove 22 North Nottinghamshire East Cumbria 23 Derby North Yorkshire 24 Nottingham North Yorkshire CC 25 South Nottinghamshire 16 26 South and West Derbyshire 27 Wirral 13 East Yorkshire Lancashire and Northern 28 Halton and Warrington 6 Lancashire CC 14 Leeds Lincolnshire 29 Telford and Wrekin 17 30 Stoke-on-Trent 7 West Yorkshire 31 Walsall and Wolverhampton Greater 15 19 18 32 Dudley and Sandwell 11 Manchester MerseysideMerseyside 8 South Yorkshire 33 Birmingham 10 9 12 34 Solihull 27 28 20 35 Coventry 26 22 36 Leicestershire CC Cheshire 21 Lincolnshire and Rutland Cheshire CC Derbyshire and 37 Leicester Nottinghamshire Lincolnshire 30 38 Northamptonshire 24 39 Peterborough 23 25 Shropshire and Staffordshire 40 Milton Keynes Staffordshire 36 29 CC Norfolk 37 39 31 West Midlands Leicestershire, 32 East Anglia Shropshire CC 33 Rutland and 34 35 Northamptonshire Cambridgeshire Worcestershire Warwickshire CC 38 Suffolk Herefordshire, Worcestershire 42 and Warwickshire 40 Herefordshire, Bedfordshire and County of Hertfordshire Essex 43 Gloucestershire Oxfordshire 41 Essex CC Berkshire, Hertfordshire Buckinghamshire Inner London and Oxfordshire 53 54 44 47 45 46 49 50 52 51 Gloucestershire, Berkshire Wiltshire and Bristol/ 48 Bath area Outer London Hampshire and Surrey Kent Wiltshire CC Isle of Wight Kent CC Somerset Hampshire CC Surrey, East and West Sussex 58 East Dorset and Somerset West Sussex Sussex CC Devon 60 Dorset CC Devon CC 57 59 Isle of Wight Cornwall and Isles of Scilly 56 Cornwall and 55 NUTS level 1 (= Region) Isles of Scilly NUTS level 2 NUTS level 3 (CC = County Council)

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011 1 NUTS (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics) is a hierarchical classification of areas that provides a breakdown of the EU's economic territory.

265 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

NUTS levels 1, 2 and 3 in Wales,1 2008 NUTS lefelau 1, 2 a 3 yng Nghymru,1 2008

Conwy and Denbighshire/ Conwy a Sir Ddinbych 2

Gwynedd/ Gwynedd

NUTS level 2/NUTS lefel 2 NUTS level 3/NUTS lefel 3

Powys/ Powys 1 Swansea/Abertawe 2 Flintshire and Wrexham/Sir y Fflint a Wrecsam 3 Bridgend and Neath Port Talbot/Pen-y-bont ar East Wales/ Ogwr a Chastell-nedd Port Talbot Dwyrain Cymru 4 Central Valleys/Canol y Cymoedd West Wales and The Valleys/ 5 Cardiff and Vale of Glamorgan/Caerdydd a Bro Gorllewin Cymru a’r Cymoedd Morgannwg 6 Monmouthshire and Newport/Sir Fynwy a South West Wales/ Chasnewydd De Orllewin Cymru

Gwent 6 Valleys/ 1 4 Cymoedd 3 Gwent

5

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011 1 NUTS (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics) is a hierarchical classification of areas that provides a breakdown of the EU's economic territory. The NUTS level 1 area is the whole country. Mae NUTS (Enwau Unedau Tiriogaethol at Ddibenion Ystadegaeth) yn ddosbarthiad hierarchaidd o ardaloedd sy’n darparu dadansoddiad o diriogaeth economaidd yr UE. Yr ardal NUTS lefel 1 yw’r wlad gyfan.

266 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

NUTS levels 1, 2 and 3 in Scotland,1 2008

Orkney Islands Shetland Islands

Caithness & Sutherland and Ross & Cromarty Eilean Siar (Western Isles)

Inverness & Nairn North Eastern and Moray, ScotlandScotland Highlands and Islands Badenoch & Strathspey Aberdeen City and Aberdeenshire NUTS level 2 NUTS level 3 1 Angus and Dundee City Perth & Kinross and Stirling 1 Lochaber, Skye & Lochalsh, Arran & Eastern Scotland Cumbrae and Argyll & Bute 2 2 Clackmannanshire and Fife 3 3 East Dunbartonshire, West Dunbartonshire and Helensburgh & Lomond 10 7 8 4 6 11 4 North Lanarkshire South 5 Falkirk 9 Lanarkshire 6 West Lothian South Western Scottish Borders 7 Inverclyde, East Renfrewshire and Scotland Renfrewshire South 8 Glasgow City Ayrshire Dumfries & Galloway 9 East Ayrshire and North Ayrshire mainland 10 Edinburgh, City of 11 East Lothian and Midlothian

NUTS levels 1, 2 and 3 in Northern Ireland,1 2008

North of Northern Ireland

East of NUTS levels 1 and 2 Northern Ireland NUTS level 3

Outer Belfast

Belfast West & South of Northern Ireland

East of Northern Ireland

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011

1 NUTS (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics) is a hierarchical classification of areas that provides a breakdown of the EU's economic territory. The NUTS level 1 area is the whole country in Scotland and NUTS levels 1 and 2 cover the whole of Northern Ireland.

267 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Economy: Regional Accounts The UK Continental Shelf, now referred to as Extra-Regio, is treated as a separate region in Regional Accounts.

Environment: England

Environment Agency regions are used for several tables, but rainfall data are still provided for the regions of the former National Rivers Authority (NRA), which became part of the Environment Agency upon its creation in 1996. The NRA regions are identical to the Environment Agency regions except the North East and South Western regions which were each formed from two NRA regions.

Health: England On 1 April 2002 a new organisation was introduced for the National Health Service (NHS) in England. Twenty-eight Strategic Health Authorities (SHAs) replaced the old 95 Health Authorities. In February 2004 the Strategic Health Authority of Coventry, Warwickshire, Herefordshire and Worcestershire changed their name to West Midlands South.

On July 1 2006, the number of SHAs was reduced to ten. The areas were the same as the Government Office Regions (GORs) except for the South East which is split in to South East Coast and South East Central. Strategic Health Authorities manage the NHS locally and are a key link between the Department of Health and the NHS. They are responsible for: x developing plans for improving health services in their local area x making sure local health services are of a high quality and are performing well x increasing the capacity of local health services - so they can provide more services, and x making sure national priorities – for example, programmes for improving cancer services – are integrated into local health service plans

Education authorities Local level education data for England and Northern Ireland are available for education ‘authorities’ and ‘boards’ respectively.

268 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Environment Agency regions, England and Wales, 1996

ENVIRONMENT AGENCY REGION Region NORTH WEST

NORTH EAST

MIDLANDS ANGLIAN

WELSH

THAMES

SOUTHERN SOUTH WESTERN

Regions of the National Rivers Authority1, England

NATIONAL RIVERS AUTHORITY REGION NORTHUMBRIA Region

YORKSHIRE

NORTH WEST

SEVERN TRENT ANGLIAN

THAMES

WESSEX SOUTHERN SOUTH WEST

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011 1 The nine original NRA regions as used for rainfall data. The NRA became part of the Environment Agency upon its creation in 1996.

269 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Health areas in England, 2006

Strategic Health Authority

North East

Yorkshire and The Humber North West

East Midlands

West Midlands East of England

South London Central

South East South West Coast

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011

270 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Education authorities in England

1 North Tyneside 37 Knowsley 50 Coventry 2 Newcastle upon Tyne 38 Sefton 51 Peterborough 3 Gateshead 39 Liverpool 52 Luton 4 South Tyneside 40 Wirral 53 South Gloucestershire 5 Sunderland 41 Halton 54 Bristol 6 Hartlepool 42 Telford and Wrekin 55 North Somerset 7 Stockton-on-Tees 43 Stoke-on-Trent 56 Bath and North East Somerset 8 Darlington 44 Wolverhampton 57 Swindon 9 Middlesbrough 45 Walsall 58 West Berkshire 10 Redcar and Cleveland Northumberland 46 Dudley 59 Reading 11 Kingston upon Hull 47 Sandwell 60 Wokingham 1 48 Birmingham 12 North Lincolnshire 2 61 Bracknell Forest 3 4 49 Solihull 13 North East Lincolnshire 5 62 Windsor and Maidenhead 14 Calderdale 63 Slough Durham 64 Thurrock 15 Kirklees 6 16 Wakefield 65 Medway Cumbria 7 9 10 17 Barnsley 8 66 Southend on Sea 18 Sheffield 67 Southampton 19 Rotherham 68 Portsmouth 20 Doncaster North Yorkshire 69 Brighton and Hove 21 Derby 70 Poole

22 Nottingham 71 Bournemouth B B York East Riding 72 Milton Keynes 23 Leicester r a Lancashire d Leeds of Yorkshire 24 Rochdale Blackpool f ord 11 25 Oldham 14 30 16 26 Tameside 24 3129 15 12 27 Stockport 32 25 17 20 13 3388 33

28 Manchester 3737 36 28 26

e

3939 35 34 27 e

r 18 19 r i

29 Bury 40 i

h

41 h s

30 Blackburn with Darwen Derbyshire s m Cheshire m 31 Bolton a Lincolnshire h 32 Wigan g n i 43 t t 33 Salford 22 o 34 Trafford 21 N Staffordshire 35 Warrington 42 Leicestershire d Norfolk 36 St Helens n 23 R tla 44 45 u 51

Shropshire e 47 r 46 i W 48 h 49 50 s o n Cambridgeshire r to c p e Warwickshire s am Suffolk t h e e t r r or i sh N h Herefordshire ire 72 s B rd u fo c d e k e r i i B n 52 h s g d Essex Gloucestershire h or a rtf m He Oxfordshire sh ire 53 57 62 63 64 66 54 58 59 65 60 61 55 56 Wiltshire Surrey Kent Hampshire Somerset West Sussex East Sussex Isles of Scilly Devon Dorset 68 69 67 7071 Isle of Wight Cornwall Torbay

Plymouth London Enfield A Haringey Barnet H B Camden Harrow a

A J v n

n N e

C Hounslow r o o in D Richmond upon Thames d Brent B I g g H M n L i E Hammersmith and Fulham l K l Ealing G i E U F Kensington and Chelsea H F G Westminster C R T Bexley Q H Islington O Kingston upon Thames D P S I Hackney P Wandsworth O Merton J Waltham Forest Q Lambeth Bromley Sutton n o K Tower Hamlets R Southwark d oy L Newham S Lewisham Cr Contains Ordnance Survey data M Barking and Dagenham T Greenwich © Crown copyright and database right 2011 N Redbridge U City of London

271 Regional Trends 43 2010/11

Northern Ireland Education data for Northern Ireland are shown for the five Education and Library Boards. The districts comprising the Education and Library Boards are as follows:

Board Districts Belfast Belfast

South Eastern Eastern Ards, Castlereagh, Down, Lisburn, North Down

Southern Armagh, Banbridge, Cookstown, Craigavon, Dungannon, Newry and Mourne

North Eastern Antrim, Ballymena, Ballymoney, Carrickfergus, Coleraine, Larne, Magherafelt, Moyle, Newtownabbey

Western Derry, Fermanagh, Limavady, Omagh, Strabane

Education and Library Boards in Northern Ireland, 1992

North Eastern

Western Belfast

South Eastern Southern

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2011

272