DOCSLIB.ORG

PADCO-DACREA Best A'r]L]:)E,,,**

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

S REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF HOUSING BUILDING PLANNING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT (CIPTA KARYA) MEDAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT, HOUSING, WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT VOLUME V MASTER PLAN AND FIRST STAGE PROGRAM FOR WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PART 3- MASTER PLAN AND FIRST STAGE PROGRAM FOR DRAINAGE OCTOBER 1980 ENGINEERING-SCIENCE, INC. SINOTECH ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC. A JOINT VENTURE in association with PADCO and P.T. DACREA PREFACE The feasibility reports emanating from the Medan Urban Development, Housing, Water Supply and Sanitation Project were submitted in draft form to the Government of Indonesia (GOI) in February 1980. These reports, together with the earlier master plan reports, were reviewed by GOI In July 1980 and discussed with the Consultant at a series of meetings at that time. The outcome of this review process was that certain changes in content and format were agreed. These changes have been incorporated into the final printed reports. A result of adopting the new guidelines provided by GOI is that differences occur between the Repelita III investments proposed in the master plan studies and those contained in the first stage program recommendations. The latter incorporate the final adjustments and represent the recommended program for Repelita III. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES ORGANIZATION OF PROJECT REPORTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 AUTHORIZATION 1-i 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 1-1 1.3 SCOPE OF WORK 1-2 1.4 THE STUDY AREA 1-2 1.4.1 Description 1-2 1.4.2 Topography 1-4 1.4.3 Climate 1-9 1.4.4 Soils 1-9 SECTION 2 EXISTING DRAINAGE SYSTEM 2-1 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM 2-1 2.1.1 Drainage Channels 2-1 2.1.2 Rivers 2-1 2.2 FLOODING EXPERIENCE 2-2 2.3 DRAINAGE SYSTEM DEFICIENCIES 2-2 2.4 RIVER CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENT AND PROFILES 2-8 2.5 ESTIMATED EXISTING CAPACITY 2-8 SECTION 3 PROJECTED STORMWATER FLOWS 3-1 3.1 GENERAL 3-1 3.2 RAINFALL CHARACTERISTICS 3-1 3.3 RAINFALL DATA 3-2 3.4 PROBABLE RAINFALL 3-3 3.5 RUNOFF ANALYSIS 3-3 3.6 RUNOFF RATES 3-5 SECTION 4 PUBLIC HEALTH 4-1 4.1 PRESENT CONDITIONS 4-1 4.2 DRAINAGE 4-3 V SECTION 5 DESIGN CRITERIA AND BASIC FOR COST ESTIMATES 5-1 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5-1 5.2 DESIGN CRITERIA 5-1 5.2.1 General Criteria 5-1 5.2.2 Hydraulic Design 5-1 5.2.3 Rivers 5-3 5.2.4 Major Channels 5-3 5.2.5 Local Drains 5-3 5.3 BASES FOR COST ESTIMATION 5-3 5.3.1 General Bases for Pricing 5-3 5.3.1.1 Price Contingencies. 5-7 5.3.1.2 Engineering Services 5-7 5.3.1.3 Physical Contingencies 5-7 5.3.2 Drainage System 5-8 5.3.2.1 River Channel Improvements 5-8 5.3.2.2 Major Drains 5-8 5.3.2.3 Local Drains 5-8 5.3.2.4 Maintenance 5-8 SECTION 6 ALTERNATIVE DRAINAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 6-1 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1 6.2 ALTERNATIVE SERVICE AREAS AND SERVICE LEVELS 6-1 6.3 ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF FLOOD CONTROL 6-2 6.3.1 Reduction of Flood Runoff 6-2 6.3.2 Improved Inlet 6-5 6.3.3 Increased Channel Capacity 6-5 6.3.4 Avoidance and Mitigation of Flood Damage 6-6 6.3.5 Control of Other Features 6-6 6.4 EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE DRAINAGE SYSTEM IMFROVMErNT 6-6 6.4.1 Major River Channels 6-7 6.4.1.1 Lower Deli River 6-7 6.4.1.2 Upper Deli River 6-8 6.4.1.3 Babura River 6-8 6.4.1.4 Belawan River 6-12 6.4.1.5 Percut River 6-12 6.4.2 Major Drains 6-12 6.4.2.1 Kera River 6-12 6.4.2.2 Sikambing River 6-16 6.4.2.3 Putih River 6-16 6.4.2.4 Badra River 6-19 6.4.3 Local Drainage Works 6-19 6.4.3.1 Local Drains 6-19 6.4.4 Summary 6-20 SECTION 7 RECOMMENDED DRAINAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 7-1 7.1 DESCRIPTION OF RECOMMENDED SYSTEM 7-1 7.1.1 General 7-1 7.1.2 Description of Recommended System 7-2 vi 7.2 OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE 7-2 7.2.1 System Operation 7-2 7.2.2 Monitoring 7-2 7.2.2.1 Flow Recording and Inundation Records 7-2 7.2.2.2 Channel and Drain Maintenance 7-6 7.3 PHASED IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM 7-6 7.4 COSTS 7-6 SECTION 8 ORGANIZATION AND FINANCE 8-1 8.1 EXISTING ORGANIZATION 8-1 8.2 RECOMMENDED ORGANIZATION 8-1 8.3 REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE 8-5 8.3.1 Existing Levels 8-5 8.3.1.1 Taxes 8-6 8.3.1.2 Expenditure 8-7 8.3.2 Future Requirements 8-7 8.3.2.1 Tax Revenue Required 8-7 8.3.2.2 Summary 8-9 SECTION 9 THE RECOMMENDED FIRST STAGE DRAINAGE SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT PROJECT 9-1 9.1 GENERAL 9-1 9.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST STAGE DRAINAGE SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT PROJECT 9-2 9.2.1 Kera Basin Improvements 9-2 9.2.1.1 Main Drains 9-2 9.2.1.2 Submain Drains 9-16 9.2.1.3 Local Drains 9-16 9.2.2 Urban Area Channel Clearing Cleaning and Dredging 9-16 9.2.2.1 River Channels 9-16 9.2.2.2 Main Drains 9-16 9.2.2.3 Submain Drains 9-31 9.2.2.4 Local Drains 9-31 9.2.2.5 Summary 9-31 9.2.3 Monitoring 9-31 9.2.3.1 Flow Recording and inundation Records 9-31 9.2.3.2 Channel and Drain Maintenance 9-31 9.2.4 Other Drainage Improvements 9-33 9.2.5 Flood Warning and Emergency Assistance 9-33 9.3 SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 9-33 9.3.1 Population Served 9-33 9.4 ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS 9-41 9.5 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 9-41 9.5.1 Organization 9-41 9.5.2 Staffing Requirements 9-43 9.5.3 Training Programs 9-44 vii 9.6 ESTIMATED COST AND RECOMMENDED IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 9.6.1 Capital Costs 9.6.2 Operations and Maintenance Costs 9.6.3 Implementation Schedule SECTION 10 ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF FIRST STAGE PROGRAM 10-1 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1 10.2 PROJECT COSTS 10-1 10.2.1 Capital Costs 10-1 10.2.2 Foreign Exchange Costs 10-3 10.2.3 Operation and Maintenance Costs 10-3 10.3 PROJECT FUNDING 10-3 10.3.1 General Approach to Funding MUDS Program 10-3 10.3.2 Drainage Funding 10-6 10.4 FINANCIAL EVALUATION 10-7 10.4.1 Introduction 10-7 10.4.2 Financial Assumptions 10-7 10.4.2.1 Income Statement 10-7 10.4.2.2 Balance Sheet and Flow of Funds 10-7 10.4.3 Financial Evaluation 10-12 10.5 ECONOMIC EVALUATION 10-12 10.5.1 Introduction 10-12 10.5.2 Benefits of Proposed Investments 10-12 10.5.2.1 Flood Control 10-12 10.5.2.2 Health Benefits 10-13 10.5.2.3 Environmental Benefits 10-13 10.5.2.4 Capital Preservation 10-13 10.5.3 Summary 10-13 APPENDIX A EXISTING DRAINAGE SYSTEM A-i MAJOR CHANNEL CROSS-SECTIONS A-1 A-2 ESTIMATED CAPACITY OF MAIN CHANNELS A-15 APPENDIX B DRAINAGE CAPITAL COSTS: 1981/82 - 1983/84 B-I LIST OF FIGURES Page 1.1 Study Area Location 1-3 1.2 The Medan Region 1-5 1.3 Generalized Contour Map of the Study Area 1-7 2.1 Existing Combined Drainage System and Combined Sewerage System 2-3 2.2 Principal Catchments and Sub Drainage Areas 2-5 2.3 Location of Flood Prone Areas 2-7 2.4 Profile of Deli River 2-9 2.5 Profile of Belawan River 2-10 2.6 Profile of Percut River 2-11 3.1 Rainfall Intensity - Duration Curves 3-4 3.2 Runoff Coeficients as a Function of Rainfall Duration and Percentage of Impervious Area 3-6 3.3 Fraction of Impervious Area for Existing and Future Conditions 3-7 5.1 Typical Lined Channels 5-4 5.2 Typical Local Drains 5-5 5.3 Construction Costs for Lined Open Channels 5-9 5.4 Excavation Costs for Unlined Open Channels 5-10 5.5 Cost of Lining Existing Unlined Open Channels 5-11 5.6 Cost of Box Culverts 5-12 6.1 Drainage Service Areas 6-3 6.2 Projected Storm Runoff for Deli River Basin 6-9 6.3 Projected Storm Runoff for Babura River Basin 6-11 6.4 Projected Storm Runoff for Percut River Basin 6-13 6.5 Projected Storm Runoff for Kera River Basin 6-14 6.6 Typical Comparative Costs of Main Drains 6-15 6.7 Projected Storm Runoff for Sikambing River Basin 6-17 6.8 Projected Storm Runoff for Putih River Basin 6-18 6.9 Proposed Local Submain Drains 6-21 6.10 Typical Comparative Capital Costs - Local Drains 6-23 7.1 Drainage Implementation Schedule 7-7 8.1 Former Organization Chart Drainage Section 8-2 8.2 Existing Organization Chart Drainage 8-3 8.3 Proposed Organization Chart Drainage Section 8-4 ix 9.1 Location of Flood Prone Areas 9-3 9.2 Drainage Service Areas 9-9 9.3 Drainage Service Objectives 9-11 9.4 Existing Drainage System in Kera Basin 9-13 9.5 Projected Storm Runoff for Kera River Basin 9-15 9.6 Proposed Drainage System 9-19 9.7 Typical Cross Section Kera Main Channel 9-21 9.8 Typical Cross Section Service Level 1 9-28 9.9 Typical Channel Cross Section Service Level 3 9-29 9.10 Typical Cross Sections of Street and Footpath Drains 9-30 9.11 Comparative Cost of Labor Intensive Methods 9-42 9.12 Drainage Implementation Schedule 9-50 A.1 Existing Main Channel Cross-Sections A-3 A.2 Existing Main Channel Cross-Sections A-5 A.3 Existing Main Channel Cross-Sectiens A-7 A.4 Existing Main Channel Cross-Sections A-9 A.5 Existing Main Channel Cross-Sections A-11 A.6 Existing Main Channel Cross-Sections A-13 x LIST OF TABLES 4.1 Incidence of Reported Enteric Diseases in 1978 4-2 5.1 General Materials and Labor Costs 5-6 6.1 Drainage Management System - Service Objectives 6-24 7.1 Application of Service Objectives 7-3 7.2 Estimated Capital Costs for Recommended Drainage Management System 7-8 7.3 Estimated Operation and Maintenance Costs for Recommended Drainage Management System 7-9 8.1 Drainage - Revenue and Expenditure, 1978/79 8-6 8.2 Annual Tax Revenue Required (Rp.
Recommended publications
  • E.Coli Analysis of Settlement Without Slums in Deli River Watershed, Hamdan Sub-District, Medan Maimun

    E.Coli Analysis of Settlement Without Slums in Deli River Watershed, Hamdan Sub-District, Medan Maimun

    E.Coli Analysis of Settlement without Slums in Deli River Watershed, Hamdan Sub-District, Medan Maimun Rahmadhani Fitri Faculty of Science and Technology, Architecture Eengineering Study Program, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi, Indonesia [email protected] Keywords Abstract E.coli; settlement; slums; The aim of the study is to find out E.Coli Analysis of Settlement Deli river without Slums in Deli River Watershed, Hamdan Sub-District, Medan Maimun. The results shows that E. Colli Laboratory amounting to 21420 - 36540/100 ml, still above the quality standards set by PP No.82 of 2001 concerning the management of water quality and control of water pollution. The results of the analysis of Total Coliform Laboratory of 198630 - 241960/100 ml, are still above the quality standards set by PP No.82 of 2001 concerning the management of water quality and control of water pollution. Alternative water treatment needs to be done before structuring buildings around the river location by means of filtration treatment and disinfecting. The arrangement that needs to be done next is to make a bathroom around the river location. I. Introduction Escherichia coli is a biological indicator of air pollution. The presence of E.Coli in water proves that the water is contaminated by human and animal feces. This is more important than faeces or feces which also contain other pathogenic enteric microorganisms. E.Coli becomes a pathogen if the number of these bacteria increases or is outside the intestine, one of the human digestive systems. Therefore, E.Coli produces enterotoxins which cause several cases of diarrhea (Brookset al., 2004).E.
  • Archipel, 100 | 2020 [En Ligne], Mis En Ligne Le 30 Novembre 2020, Consulté Le 21 Janvier 2021

    Archipel, 100 | 2020 [En Ligne], Mis En Ligne Le 30 Novembre 2020, Consulté Le 21 Janvier 2021

    Archipel Études interdisciplinaires sur le monde insulindien 100 | 2020 Varia Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/archipel/2011 DOI : 10.4000/archipel.2011 ISSN : 2104-3655 Éditeur Association Archipel Édition imprimée Date de publication : 15 décembre 2020 ISBN : 978-2-910513-84-9 ISSN : 0044-8613 Référence électronique Archipel, 100 | 2020 [En ligne], mis en ligne le 30 novembre 2020, consulté le 21 janvier 2021. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/archipel/2011 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/archipel.2011 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 21 janvier 2021. Association Archipel 1 SOMMAIRE In Memoriam Alexander Ogloblin (1939-2020) Victor Pogadaev Archipel a 50 ans La fabrique d’Archipel (1971-1982) Pierre Labrousse An Appreciation of Archipel 1971-2020, from a Distant Fan Anthony Reid Echos de la Recherche Colloque « Martial Arts, Religion and Spirituality (MARS) », 15 et 16 juillet 2020, Institut de Recherches Asiatiques (IRASIA, Université d’Aix-Marseille) Jean-Marc de Grave Archéologie et épigraphie à Sumatra Recent Archaeological Surveys in the Northern Half of Sumatra Daniel Perret , Heddy Surachman et Repelita Wahyu Oetomo Inscriptions of Sumatra, IV: An Epitaph from Pananggahan (Barus, North Sumatra) and a Poem from Lubuk Layang (Pasaman, West Sumatra) Arlo Griffiths La mer dans la littérature javanaise The Sea and Seacoast in Old Javanese Court Poetry: Fishermen, Ports, Ships, and Shipwrecks in the Literary Imagination Jiří Jákl Autour de Bali et du grand Est indonésien Śaivistic Sāṁkhya-Yoga:
  • Prominent Chinese During the Rise of a Colonial City Medan 1890-1942

    Prominent Chinese During the Rise of a Colonial City Medan 1890-1942

    PROMINENT CHINESE DURING THE RISE OF A COLONIAL CITY MEDAN 1890-1942 ISBN: 978-94-6375-447-7 Lay-out & Printing: Ridderprint B.V. © 2019 D.A. Buiskool All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission of the author. Cover photo: Chinese festive gate in Kesawan, Medan 1923, on the occasion of the 25th coronation jubilee of Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands. Photo collection D.A. Buiskool PROMINENT CHINESE DURING THE RISE OF A COLONIAL CITY MEDAN 1890-1942 PROMINENTE CHINEZEN TIJDENS DE OPKOMST VAN EEN KOLONIALE STAD MEDAN 1890-1942 (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. H.R.B.M. Kummeling, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op maandag 11 november 2019 des middags te 4.15 uur door Dirk Aedsge Buiskool geboren op 8 februari 1957 te Hoogezand Sappemeer 3 Promotor: Prof. Dr. G.J. Knaap 4 Believe me, it is so. The beginning, and not the middle, is the right starting point. ’T is with a kopeck, and with a kopeck only, that a man must begin.1 1 Gogol, Nikol ai Dead Souls Translated by C. J. Hogarth, University of Adelaide: 2014: Chapter III. 5 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 13 INTRODUCTION 15 CHAPTER 1 EAST SUMATRA. THE FORMATION OF A PLANTATION ECONOMY. 29 1. East Sumatra: Historical Overview 32 1.1 East Sumatra until circa 1870 32 1.2 From Tobacco to Oil and Rubber 34 1.3 Migrant workers 38 1.4 Frontier society 43 1.5 Labour conditions on the plantations 44 1.6 Van den Brand’s manifesto 47 1.7 Labour inspection 48 Summary 50 CHAPTER 2 THE CITY OF MEDAN.
  • Pulau Kompei with Pulau Sembilan in the Background

    Pulau Kompei with Pulau Sembilan in the Background

    PLATE 1: Pulau Kompei with Pulau Sembilan in the background. Between them lies the northern entrance to Aru Bay. PLATE 2: Pulau Kompei Stoneware Bowl (See Appendix 1, Fig. 2D) A NOTE ON PULAU KOMPEI IN ARU BAY, NORTHEASTERN SUMATRA* E. Edwards McKinnon and Tengku Luckman Sinar The story of Pulau Kompei is intimately linked with that of Aru Bay and its immediate hinterland, an area drained by several sizeable rivers, the most impor­ tant of which is the Besitang,* 1 rising on the slopes of Gunung Mesigit on the east­ ern side of the Bukit Barisan range. We first visited the site on August 17, 1974, prompted by a reference to "Kompei" by O. W. Wolters2 and the reprinting of John Anderson's Mission to the East Coast of Sumatra, in which Kompei is referred to as Pulau Sampah tua. 3 We immediately encountered significant traces of former habi­ tation in the form of sampah tua, or ancient rubbish of the nineteenth century Malays. Although we carried out no excavations at Pulau Kompei, we did make surface collections of potsherds and other artifacts which have enabled us to give a tentative dating to at least one period of trading activity there. We were able to visit the site on three subsequent occasions up to early 1977, and our further in­ vestigations led us to believe that we had rediscovered the "Kompei" mentioned in Chinese records. We acknowledge, however, that an inconsistency seems to exist between the suggested location of the toponym and at least one of the products said to be available there.
  • The Development of the Land Transports and the Effects on the Role of River in East Sumatera 1900-1942

    The Development of the Land Transports and the Effects on the Role of River in East Sumatera 1900-1942

    The Development of the Land Transports and the Effects on the Role of River in East Sumatera 1900-1942 Edi Sumarno 1, Nina Karina 1, Junita Setiana Ginting 1, Handoko2 1Departement of History, Faculty of Cultural Science, USU 2Post Graduate Student of Departement of History, Faculty of Cultural Science, USU Keywords: River, transportation, East Sumatera. Abstract. The location of the ports on the riverbanks was closely related to the river as the main and accessible mode of transport. Through the river, the goods from upstream were brought to downstream to be traded and exported outward, especially to Penang. The goods from overseas were also imported through the river. Therefore, in the absence of land transport, river became very strategic and significant. However, after the presence of plantations, the abundant crops required efficient and effective transportation facilitity, impelling the establishment of land transports such as railways and highways. The development of land transport undoubtedly had certain impacts on river transportation, one of which was that the river transportation was increasingly abandoned for it became ineffective and inefficient. However, there were also several rivers that continued to be an important mode of transport. 1 INTRODUCTION goods from overseas were also imported through the river. Therefore, in the absence of land transport, river When the expansion of the plantation economy began became very strategic and significant. Those who to occur since the last four decades of the 19th held the hegemony over the river would dominate the century, many changes ensued in East Sumatra. The economic and powerful advantages. Malay powers in expansion had turned the face of East Sumatra from a East Sumatra were originally formed due to their wilderness into a plantation area, making this area as hegemony over the river.
  • Technical Memorandum No. 32

    Technical Memorandum No. 32

    VZV-A 47P 7.. REPUrJC OF INMDONESIA MINISTRY OF FUiUIC WORKS DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF HOUSING BUILDING PLANNING AND UP6AN DEVELOPMENT (CIPTA KARVA) MEDAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT, HOUSING, WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT q1et TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM NO. 32 GROUNDWATER RESOURCES This is a draft of Appendix D-1 of the Master Plan Report for Water and Sanitation NOVEMBER 1979 ENGINEERING -. SCIENCE, INC. • SINOTECH ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC A JOINT VENTURE in association with PADCO and P T. DACREA MEDAN URBAN DEVELOPMENT, HOUSING, WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT Jin. Singamengaraja 1.3. P. 0. Box 26. Phone 20716 Medan -Sumatra. IndoneaA Our ref.: 79/1201/MUDS/313 9 November 1979 Director General Cipta Karya Ministry Of Public Works Jalan Pattimura 20 Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan Subject: Technical Memorandum No. 32, Groundwater Resources Dear Sir: Attached are 20 copies of the subject Technical Memorandum for your information and review. The material contained in this memorandum constitutes submission of Appendix D-1 of the draft Master Plan for Water Supply and Sanitation Report. t l A r. s Fa ithfu ll y , . AV Jo McGill P t Representative C.C.: Ir. Ruslan Diwiryo, Director of City & Regional Planning Ir. Susanto Mertodiningrat, Director of Sanitary Engineering Ir. Sunaryo, Head Sub-Directorate Town Planning Ir. K. Pohan, Project Manager, MUDS AID- Jakarta, attn.: P. Thorn, Project Officer ES- Arcadia SINOTECH - Taipei DACREA - Jakarta JM/1 INGIN|IiING-SCIENCI. INC. - SINOTE(.H ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS INC. A JOINT VFNTURE inailSSatioll with PAOCO and P.T. OACREA BEST AVAILABLE DOCUMEN TABLE OF CONTENTS MASTER PLAN FOR WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION Technical Section Memorandum No.
  • Directors: Ir. Widagdo, Dipl.HE Hisaya SAWANO Authors

    Directors: Ir. Widagdo, Dipl.HE Hisaya SAWANO Authors

    Directors: Ir. Widagdo, Dipl.HE Hisaya SAWANO Authors: Ir. Sarwono Sukardi, Dipl.HE Ir. Bambang Warsito, Dipl.HE Ir. Hananto Kisworo, Dipl.HE Sukiyoto, ME Publisher: Directorate General of Water Resources Yayasan Air Adhi Eka i Japan International Cooperation Agency ii River Management in Indonesia English Edition English edition of this book is a translation from the book : “Pengelolaan Sungai di Indonesia” January 2013 ISBN 978-979-25-64-62-4 Director General of Water Resources Foreword Water, as a renewable resource, is a gift from God for all mankind. Water is a necessity of life for creatures in this world. No water, no life. The existence of water, other than according to the hydrological cycle, at a particular place, at a particular time, and in particular quality as well as quantity is greatly influenced by a variety of natural phenomena and also by human behavior. Properly managed water and its resources will provide sustainable benefits for life. However, on the other hand, water can also lead to disasters, when it is not managed wisely. Therefore, it is highly necessary to conduct comprehensive and integrated water resources management efforts, or widely known as “Integrated Water Resources Management”. In the same way, river management efforts as part of the river basin integrated water resources management, include efforts on river utilization, development, protection, conservation and control, in an integrated river basin with cross-jurisdiction, cross-regional and cross- sectoral approach. This book outlines how water resources development and management in several river basins are carried out from time to time according to the existing situations and conditions, Besides, it covers various challenges and obstacles faced by the policy makers and the implementers in the field, The existing sets of laws and regulations and the various uses and benefits are also discused.
  • Assessment of Deli Watershed Flood Causing Damage in Medan City, Indonesia

    Assessment of Deli Watershed Flood Causing Damage in Medan City, Indonesia

    Journal of Rangeland Science, 2019, Vol. 9, No. 3 Hutapea / 300 Archive of SID Contents available at ISC and SID Journal homepage: www.rangeland.ir Research and Full Length Article: Assessment of Deli Watershed Flood Causing Damage in Medan City, Indonesia Sumihar HutapeaA* AAgricultural Faculty, Medan Area University (UMA), Medan, Indonesia, [email protected] Received on: 27/12/2018 Accepted on: 31/05/2019 Abstract. The watershed (DAS) Deli is one of the priority watersheds in the Medium Term Development Plan in 2010-2014 according to the Ministry of Forestry decree (SK 328/Menhut-II/2009), Indonesia. DAS is a complex ecological system in which there is a dynamic equilibrium between the incoming material energy (input) and the material out (output). Naturally, the change in input and output balance is slow and does not pose a threat to humans and environmental sustainability on a watershed system with continuous land-use dynamics from dense vegetation forms to rare vegetation forms or from vegetation forms to non-vegetation forms. It has been concluded that Deli watershed land destruction is dominated by biophysical factors, especially land use, slope, landform, and rainfall in upstream Deli sub-watershed. This is what causes flooding in Medan city, Indonesia. The cause is extreme rainfall so that a number of rivers such as Deli River and Babura River overflowed, the water level of the Deli and Babura Rivers almost reached the bridge section and this was scarce. Key words: Deli River, Watershed, Flood, Damage, Erosion www.SID.ir Journal of Rangeland Science, 2019, Vol. 9, No. 3 Hutapea / 186 Archive of SID Introduction system to rainfall inputs is easier to cause The Watershed Daerah Aliran flooding.

  • Japanese ODA to Indonesia

    Japanese ODA to Indonesia Items of the Project Details Project Name Krueng Aceh Urgent Flood Control Project Project Type TC & ODA Loans Project Site The Krueng Aceh Basin, Aceh Province Project Period Preliminary Study: 1972-1973, Feasibility Study: 1979, Detail Design: February 1981 – November 1982, Construction: August 1983 – January 1993 Name of JICA Experts / Consultants Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. & Associates Project Highlight: Frequent floods occurred prior to the project appraisal (before 1983), but no considerable flooding has occurred since the project completion date Background Krueng Aceh is a major river in the northern part of Sumatra Island with a length of 145 km and river basin area of 1,775 km2, that flows from Suekek Mount through Banda Aceh City toward the Malacca Straits. This river had flooded almost every year, causing significant damage in the Aceh Besar Regency Region (with population of 1.65 million in 1980), including Banda Aceh Municipal. Typically, the flooding covered an area of 25,000 ha, comprising 2,700 ha of residential area, 7,500 ha of paddy field and 4,100 ha of coconut plantations and shepherding meadows. This situation was caused by a limited river capacity of 250 m3/s, compared to the 5-year flood discharge of 1,300 m3/s. Floods in 1953, 1971, 1978, 1983 and 1986 resulted in severe damage to local communities, and sometimes in loss of life Overall Goal The project outputs are consistent with national policy on water resources development i.e., "Conservation of River Channel and Improvement of

  • Planters Against Peasants

    PLANTERS AGAINST PEASANTS VERHANDELINGEN VAN HET KONINKLIJK INSTITUUT VOOR TAAL-, LAND- EN VOLKENKUNDE 97 KARL]. PELZER PLANTERS AGAINST PEASANTS THE AGRARIAN STRUGGLE IN EAST SUMATRA 1947-1958 'S-GRAVENHAGE - MARTINUS NI]HOFF 1982 © Copyright 1982 by KoninklIjk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Leiden, The Netherlands_ All rights reserved, including the right to translate or to reproduce this book or parts thereof in any form. Printed in The Netherlands ISBN 90.247.6182.4 CONTENTS Introduction by Clifford Geertz VII Editorial Note XII List of Abbreviations XV List of Tables XVIII Chapter I The Negara Sumatera Timur and the Agrarian Issue 1 Chapter II The Republic of Indonesia and the Agrarian Problem 17 Chapter III The Indonesian Communist Party and the Agrarian Issue 30 Chapter IV The Agrarian Controversy in Sumatera Timur from the Time of Transfer of Sover- eign ty to the Tanjungmorawa Incident 47 Chapter V The First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet and the State Commission for the Division of Estate Lands in East Sumatra (1953-1954) 83 Chapter VI Years of Mounting Frustration for the Planter (1955-1956) 110 Chapter VII The Nationalization of Dutch Plantations 147 Notes 171 Index 182 INTRODUCTION In social history, as in so much else, special cases often turn out to be the most deeply representative: Venice, Cairo, California. East Sumatra, whose evolution from commercial enclave to poli­ tical nightmare Karl Pelzer took as the subject of his last and finest work, is a most unstandard place. Nowhere else in Indo­ nesia, not even Central Java, did plantation agriculture develop so extensively, so resourcefully, so profitably, or so destructively.
  • Chau Ju-Kua: His Work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries Entitled Chu-Fan-Chi (St

    Chau Ju-Kua: His Work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries Entitled Chu-Fan-Chi (St

    A NOTE ON ARU AND KOTA CINA* A. C. Milner, E. Edwards McKinnon, and Tengku Luckman Sinar S.H. During recent years there have been a number of archaeological finds in the Deli region of northeast Sumatra.* 1 As a result of these discoveries, and in anticipation of additional finds, we wish to pre­ sent a synopsis of the written history of the area and to comment on the possible implications of archaeological work now being undertaken for furthering our knowledge of the history of this region. The Major Archaeological Site under Investigation In 1972, E. Edwards McKinnon and Tengku Luckman Sinar discovered an archaeological site at Kota Cina, a small village situated about eight kilometers inland from the modern port of Belawan (see Map 5). The occupation area appears to cover more than twenty-five hectares and extends along the edge of silted-up estuarine land adjacent to the Sungei [river] Besar and the Sungei Deli, both of which were navigable from the Straits of Malacca into the late nineteenth century.2 The finds at Kota Cina, which will be discussed in some detail later in this essay (p. 20), suggest an occupation period from at least the twelfth to the fourteenth centuries. The density of ceramic material, coins, and domestic debris at the site is exceptional in Island South­ east Asia,3 and this is one indication that it is an especially signif- *The authors wish to thank E. K. Siahaan, Head of the Sumatra Utara Museum Department, for his cooperation and assistance. They are also grateful for the gen­ erous advice and encouragement of 0.
  • L. Andaya the Trans-Sumatra Trade and the Ethnicization of the Batak In

    L. Andaya the Trans-Sumatra Trade and the Ethnicization of the Batak In

    L. Andaya The trans-Sumatra trade and the ethnicization of the Batak In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 158 (2002), no: 3, Leiden, 367-409 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com10/06/2021 08:47:52AM via free access LEONARD Y. ANDAYA The Trans-Sumatra Trade and the Ethnicization of the 'Batak' Considerations of historiography and ethnicity1 Early visitors to Southeast Asia were fascinated by rumours of a cannibal tribe called the Batak in the interior of Sumatra. When John Anderson travelled along the east coast and its interior areas in the early part of the nineteenth century, he met a Batak who told him of having eaten human flesh seven times, even mentioning his preference for particular parts of the body. Two other Batak confirmed having also participated in this practice and 'expressed their anxiety to enjoy a similar feast upon some of the enemy, pointing to the other side of the river. This they said was their principal inducement for engaging in the service of the sultan.'2 Such reports simply reinforced myths and partial truths which had circulated about these people since Marco Polo's oft-quoted story of a Sumatran people (presumably the Batak) who consumed their ill (Latham 1978:255). European perceptions were also influenced by stories commonly told in east coast Sumatra by 'downstream' (hilir) people that those 'upstream' {hulu), that is, in the interior, were hostile and grotesque. A Portuguese chronicler even repeated downriver stories of an inland group possessing tails 'like unto sheep' (B.