New and Little-Known Crickets of the Subfamily Phalangopsinae (Orthoptera, Gryllidae): 4. Neotropical Genus Uvaroviella

ISSN 0013-8738, Entomological Review, 2007, Vol. 87, No. 7, pp. ???–???. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2007. Original Russian Text © A.V. Gorochov, 2007, published in Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 2007, Vol. 86, No. 10, pp. 1183–1195. New and Little-Known Crickets of the Subfamily Phalangopsinae (Orthoptera, Gryllidae): 4. Neotropical Genus Uvaroviella A. V. Gorochov Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia e-mail: [email protected] Received April 12, 2006 Abstract—The former genera Acla Heb., Aclodes Heb., and Paraclodes Des.-Grand., are considered subgenera of the genus Uvaroviella Chop. Five new subgenera and nine new species of this genus from Ecuador and Guyana are described. Two new species names are proposed due to the secondary homonymy, and one old species name was resurrected from synonymy as a replacement name. Lectotype for U. cavicola Chop. is designated. New data on the geographical and biotopical distribution of some species are given. The paper is based on the material from the col- lections of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN), and the Natural History Museum, London (NHM). DOI: 10.1134/S0013873806090053 TRIBE PHALANGOPSINI Acla Heb., since inclusion of the type species of Acla in the genus Aclodes pressumes combining of these The tribe comprises most genera of the spider-like taxa, although this has not been done formally by the crickets from various parts of the World, which are author. characterized by a primitive type of the male genitalia and by the abortion of hind wings (Gorochov, 2003a, Desutter-Grandcolas has overlooked the fact that in 2003b, 2006). In the Neotropical Region, only several the structure of the ectoparameres the type species genera of Phalangopsinae, Phalangopsis A.-Serv., of Aclodes, Acla, and Paraclodes are more similar Heterogryllus Sauss., and Philippopsis Des.-Grand., between themselves than to most of other species and a group of genera of Aclodae (Desutter, 1987; included in these “genera” (cf. Fig. 1, 1–37 and Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992a, 1992b) probably belong Fig. 2, 18–34 to Fig. 2, 1–17), and may constitute to this tribe. Among these genera, Phalangopsis and a monophyletic group. The confusion was aggravated, Philippopsis may be closely related (the male genitalia when a new species, closely related to the type species in both genera have no membranous areas on the lat- of Aclodes in the structure of the male genitalia, was eral parts of the epiphallus, but the median lobes of its described in Paraclodes, and when three other new distal part are membranous), and the genus Hetero- species were referred to Aclodes, although their male gryllus is insufficiently studied, as its only species is genitalia essentially differ from those of the type spe- known from a single female. cies of this genus (Nischk and Otte, 2000). The status of superspecies taxa constituting the To overcome this confusion, I propose to regard the group of Aclodae needs to be clarified. Desutter- entire group of Aclodae as the genus Uvaroviella sub- Grandcolas (1992a) included the following “genera” divided into at least nine subgenera. Such an arrange- in this group: Uvaroviella Chop. described for a single ment, on the one hand, retains the habitual generic species with the reduced stridulatory apparatus; names as subgeneric ones and, on the other, does not Aclodes Heb. comprising a great number of species lead to placement of obviously closely related species with rather varying male genitalia, including those in different genera. similar to the genitalia of Uvaroviella; Paraclodes Des.-Grand. including a number of species with the Each of the subgenera is rather clearly characterized structure of the male genitalia varying to nearly the by details of the structure of the male genitalia, but the same extent as those in the Uvaroviella, and, possibly, structure of the elytra can rather widely vary between ??? 2. GOROCHOV Fig. 1. Uvaroviella, male: (1–3) U. (Euacla) antennalis sp. n., holotype; (4–6) U. (E.) parantennalis sp. n., holotype; (7–9) U. (E.) finiti- ma sp. n., holotype; (10–12) U. (E.) andensis sp. n., holotype; (13) U. (E.) chamocoru (Nischk et Otte); (14, 15) U. (E.)? chamocoru; (16–18) U. (E.) demissa sp. n.; (19, 20) U. (E.) mococharu (Nischk et Otte); (21, 22) U. (E.) rumococha (Des.-Grand.); (23–25) U. (E.) feredemissa sp. n.; (26, 27) U. (E.) pequegnita (Des.-Grand.); (28–30) U. (E.) ?pequegnita; (31, 32) U. (E.?) hypxyros (Nischk et Otte); (33–35) U. (Uvaroviella) cavicola Chop., lectotype; (36, 37) U. (U.?) pequegna (Des.-Grand.). Genitalia (1–3) and their posterior part (4–37) in ventral (1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 26, 28, 33, 36), dorsal (2, 5, 8, 11, 17, 24, 27, 29, 34), and lateral (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 30, 32, 35, 37) view (in some figures, membranous parts are covered with punctures)]. After: (Nischk and Otte, 2000 (13, 19, 20, 31, 32), Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992a (21, 22, 26, 27, 33–37), and orig.; a, endoparameral apodeme; e, epiphallus; ec, ectoparamere; en, endoparamere; g, guiding rod; m, mold of spermatophore attachment plate, r, ramus. ENTOMOLOGICAL REVIEW Vol. 87 No. 7 2007 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN CRICKETS 3. species of one subgenus, which is caused by inde- A Key to Subgenera of the Genus Uvaroviella (Males) pendent shortening of the elytra and by reduction of 1. Epiphallus with middle part of proximal margin the stridulatory apparatus in different lineages of the abruptly deflexed upward, i.e., with distinct trans- genus. verse fold on upper side (Fig. 2, 33, 34). Elytra of male strongly shortened, with developed stridula- Genus Uvaroviella Chopard, 1923. tory apparatus (Fig. 3, 9) or scale-shaped ................ Type species U. cavicola Chopard, 1923 (Jamaica). ................................. Subacla Gorochov, subgen. n. Diagnosis. Body medium-sized or large, legs long, [Composition. Type species U. (S.) subaptera rostrum 0.33–0.67 times as wide as scape, small oval nom. n. (Fig. 2, 31–33) and Paraclodes nouragui De- tympanum present only on inner side of fore tibia (ab- sutter-Grandcolas, 1992 (Fig. 2, 34; 3, 9), French sent in U. surda sp. n.). Elytra of male weakly short- Guiana]. ened (with only partly reduced apical area) to almost absent (in form of small lobes); stridulatory apparatus —Epiphallus with middle part of proximal margin well developed to absent. When stridulatory apparatus gently deflexed upward, i.e., without deep trans- developed, stridulatory vein nearly arcuate; oblique verse fold on upper side (Fig. 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, veins numerous, more or less straight; diagonal vein 25, 30, 32, 35, 37; 2, 3, 6, 14, 17, 21, 24, 27). rather long; areolet rather large, crossed by 1–4 divid- Elytra of male weakly to strongly shortened, ing veins; and chords of usual structure (Fig. 3, 1–24). usually with developed stridulatory apparatus Elytra of female strongly shortened or absent; when (Fig. 3, 1–10, 12–24), but occasionally without any developed, elytra more or less oval or scale-shaped. (Fig. 3, 11) ........................................................... 2. Anal plate of male simple, with rounded or truncate 2. Epiphallus without median prominence between apex; genital plate rather short, with rounded apex, distal lateral processes (Fig. 2, 2, 5, 7, 10, 12, 16). usually with angular median prominence at posterior Ectoparameres consisting of relatively large lower, margin hooked forward and strongly varying in size. and small upper lobes; lower lobe square or sub- Epiphallus very weakly or moderately bent trans- square in ventral view (Fig. 2, 1, 4, 8, 11, 13, 15), versely, fused with well-developed rami, bearing with angular prominence directed downward and membranous lateral areas varying from very large slightly forward (Fig. 2, 3, 6, 9, 14, 17); upper lobe (Fig. 1, 34, 35; 2, 7–14, 20, 21, 26, 27, 33) to obsolete partly covered by lower lobe ventrally (posterior (Fig. 1, 2–30; 2, 2, 3, 16, 17, 23, 24, 34). These areas and/or median areas of upper lobe usually visible in possibly allow epiphallus to slightly deform during ventral view—Fig. 2, 1, 4, 8, 11, 13, 15) ............. 3. copulation. Ectoparameres small, compact, usually —Epiphallus varying in shape, shape of ectoparameres subdivided into at least two lobes; endoparameres different (Fig. 1, 1–37; 2, 18–30) ........................ 5. connected by transverse crosspiece and provided with long apodemes; cup of attachment plate and sclerite of 3. Epiphallus with deep emargination at apex and guiding rod fused to form elongate structure bearing without large membranous fenestrae at sides low keel-shaped dorsal apodeme along proximal half (Fig. 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 16, 17). Elytra of male weakly to (Fig. 1, 1–3). Ovipositor long, with smooth, narrow, strongly shortened, stridulatory apparatus with are- slightly flattened apex. olet crossed by arcuate dividing veins (Fig. 3, 1–3) Composition. Nine subgenera, which include, or .............................................................................. 4. may include 27 species. The diagnostic characters of —Epiphallus with fine emargination at apex and very these subgenera and the species included are listed in large membranous fenestrae at sides (Fig. 2, 7, 9, the below key to subgenera of the genus Uvaroviella. 10, 12, 14). Elytra of male weakly shortened; stri- In addition, this genus may include Endacustes dispar dulatory apparatus developed, with nearly straight Redtenbacher, 1892 (Lesser Antilles), Aclodes vit- dividing veins in areolet (Fig. 3, 4, 5) ...................... tatum Chopard, 1937 (Costa Rica), A. grandis Desut- ................................. Aclodes Hebard, 1928, stat. n. ter-Grandcolas, 1992 (Peru), A. infuscata Desutter- Grandcolas, 1992 (Peru) and U. surda sp. n.; all are [Composition. Type species A. nicuesa Hebard, known only from females and, therefore, their taxo- 1928 (Fig. 2, 7–9), Costa Rica; Paraclodes cryptos nomic position cannot be defined with more confi- Nischk et Otte, 2000 (Fig.

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