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Cyrus R. Vance Oral History Interview I, 11/3/69, by Paige E

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Cyrus R. Vance Oral History Interview I, 11/3/69, by Paige E LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON LIBRARY ORAL HISTORY COLLECTION The LBJ Library Oral History Collection is composed primarily of interviews conducted for the Library by the University of Texas Oral History Project and the LBJ Library Oral History Project. In addition, some interviews were done for the Library under the auspices of the National Archives and the White House during the Johnson administration. Some of the Library's many oral history transcripts are available on the INTERNET. Individuals whose interviews appear on the INTERNET may have other interviews available on paper at the LBJ Library. Transcripts of oral history interviews may be consulted at the Library or lending copies may be borrowed by writing to the Interlibrary Loan Archivist, LBJ Library, 2313 Red River Street, Austin, Texas, 78705. CYRUS R. VANCE ORAL HISTORY, INTERVIEW I PREFERRED CITATION For Internet Copy: Transcript, Cyrus R. Vance Oral History Interview I, 11/3/69, by Paige E. Mulhollan, Internet Copy, LBJ Library. For Electronic Copy on Diskette from the LBJ Library: Transcript, Cyrus R. Vance Oral History Interview I, 11/3/69, by Paige E. Mulhollan, Electronic Copy, LBJ Library. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORD SERVICE Gift of Personal Statement By Cyrus R. Vance to the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library In accordance with Sec. 507 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended (44 U.S.C. 397) and regulations issued thereunder (41 CFR 101-10), I, Cyrus Vance, hereinafter referred to as the donor, hereby give, donate, and convey to the United States of America for eventual deposit in the proposed Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, and for administration therein by the authorities thereof, a tape and transcript of a personal statement approved by me and prepared for the purpose of deposit in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library. The gift of this material is made subject to following terms and conditions: 1. Title to the material transferred hereunder, and all literary property rights, will pass to the United States as of the date of the delivery of this material into the physical custody of the Archivist of the United States. 2. It is the donor's wish to make the material donated to the United States of America by the terms of the instrument available for research in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library. At the same time, it is his wish to guard against the possibility of its contents being used to embarrass, damage, injure, or harass anyone. Therefore, in pursuance of this objective, and in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 507(f)(3) of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended (44 U.S.C. 397), this material shall not, for a period of ten years or until the donor's prior death, be available for examination by anyone except persons who have received my express written authorization to examine it. 3. A revision of this stipulation governing access to the material for research may be entered into between the donor and the Archivist of the United States, or his designee, if it appears desirable. 4. The material donated to the United States pursuant to the foregoing shall be kept intact permanently in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library. Signed by Cyrus R. Vance on April 22, 1971 Accepted by Harry J. Middleton for Archivist of the United States on March 11, 1975 Original Deed of Gift on File at the Lyndon B. Johnson Library, 2313 Red River, Austin, TX 78705 ACCESSION NUMBER 74-260 INTERVIEW I DATE: November 3, 1969 INTERVIEWEE: CYRUS VANCE INTERVIEWER: PAIGE E. MULHOLLAN Tape 1 of 1 V: The five of us that had been involved in the Cyprus thing got together down at Airlie House, and we were there for two days over a weekend. It's really awfully hard to remember what was fact and what wasn't fact. M: Let's begin by identifying you, sir. You're Cyrus R. Vance, and your official positions in the Kennedy and Johnson Administrations were entirely in the Department of Defense, as Counsel and as Secretary of the Army and as Deputy Secretary [of Defense]. Then after a time out of the government, you came back as Deputy Chief Negotiator in the Paris peace negotiations in 1968. Your first contact with Mr. Johnson, I suppose, comes in the 1950's while he is still in the Senate. You were Special Counsel for the Committee on Aeronautics and Space? V: No, my first connection with President Johnson was at the time of the first Sputnik. Shortly after the first Sputnik went up Senator Johnson called my partner Ed Weisl and asked him if he would be willing to come down to Washington to discuss with Senator Johnson and Senator Russell the possibility of acting as Special Counsel for an investigation which they were contemplating holding with respect to the Defense Department and the impact of the launching of Sputnik on our national security. Shortly after receiving that phone call one early morning, Ed Weisl asked me if I would join him and go down to Washington that morning to meet at noon with Senator Russell and Senator Johnson. I had been doing trial work for my partner, Ed Weisl, and inasmuch as this was going to be a hearing Ed thought it might be helpful if I should come along. We did go down to Washington that morning and met at noontime with Senator Russell. I cannot recall whether Senator Johnson was present at that meeting, but I do recall that we had an extensive conversation with him later that day. They told us at the time that they contemplated having a hearing which would last two or three weeks and asked if Mr. Weisl could act as Special Counsel. He said that if he did so, he would like me to come along with him and that we would have to consider it further and discuss it with our partners to find out whether they would have any objections to our taking off the time to do this job. We discussed the general ground rules with Senator Johnson and received his assurance that he would give us full latitude in the preparation of the hearings and in the conducting of the hearings. He, of course, as chairman of the committee would have the final word, but he contemplated leaving the entire preparation of the hearings and the running of the hearings by-and-large to Mr. Weisl and myself if we should take on the task. Vance -- I -- 2 Under those circumstances we concluded on the way back from Washington that if our partners agreed we would be willing to take on the job because we thought that a useful service could be rendered for the country by having meaningful and probing hearings. We were somewhat concerned however because of our lack of knowledge in the area, but we believed that as trial lawyers we probably would be able, with a good staff, to prepare ourselves adequately to handle the job. M: Nobody knew anything about that area at that time, really. V: Another thing that impressed us very much in our conversation with Senator Johnson and Senator Russell was their statement to us that they intended this to be a nonpartisan hearing; that this was not to be a witch hunt; that it was to take a look at the strengths and weaknesses without any partisan caste to the investigation. This was appealing to both of us and was one of the strong factors in leading us to the conclusion that this was something that we should take on. M: He didn't say that he was trying to end up any certain place? He wasn't trying to accomplish any certain things by the hearings? V: No, he did not. He said he merely wanted to find out what the facts were and then to put the questions to the various witnesses who would be called and to receive their opinions with respect to the direction the United States should go; to find out where we had failed in the past, where the weaknesses lay, where our strengths lay, and where our course should go in the future. But he had no preconceptions about where we should come out in the area. M: Did he specifically indicate that he wanted you to go easy on President Eisenhower, perhaps? V: No. M: Just the bipartisan charge would have taken care of that? V: That's correct. M: When you did undertake the task, did it work out that way? Did he in fact let you run it as he had indicated he would ? V: He did indeed, He was one hundred percent good to his word on that. He gave us full and complete authority and a free rein in what witnesses were to be called, [and in] the manner of questioning the witnesses. In each and every case we were permitted to question the witness first, and thereafter to examine each witness after each of the Senators had had his period of questioning. Usually he kept the period of the Senate questioning to either five or ten minutes per Senator, which wasn't very pleasing to them from time to time. But he felt that if we were going to get on with the business of the hearings and to develop the fullest record that it would be better to have it developed by a staff who had prepared itself very fully than to have it done by some of the Senators who had not had the time to prepare themselves as well.
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