DOCSLIB.ORG

Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 19, Pp. 337-340 (1981

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 19, Pp. 337-340 (1981 CanadianMineralogist Vol. 19,pp. 337-340 (1981) SPERTINIITE,Gu(OH)2, A NEW MINERAL FROM THE JEFFREY M|NE, OUEBEG J.D. GRICE NationalMuseunt ol Natural Sciences,Minerul SciencesDit'ision, Ottav'a, Ontario KIA 0M8 E. GASPARRINI Minntet ScientificLinrited, P.O. Box 921, Toronto,Ontario M4P 2H2 Asstnlcr Mots-c'lds;spertiniite, espbce min6rale nouvelle, hy- droxydecuprique, mine Jeffrey. Ou6bec.rodin- Spertiniite, a new speciesfrom the Jeffrev mine. eite. Quebec, occurs as small botrvoidal aggreg0tesas- sociated with chalcocite, native copper and ataca- mite on a rodingite dyke. It forms blue to blue- INtRoouc].tol.t ereen, lathlike crystals ( l0 pm in size. It is op- tically anisotropic. with parallel extinction and During a study of the minerals from the positive elongation; pleochroism is strong, with X Jeffrey mine, Asbestos,Shipton Township, Rich- colorless and Z dark blue; indices of refraction c mond County, Quebec(Grice & Williams 1979), 1.720(2), ? > 1.800(2). An electron-microprobe a natural occurrence of Cu(OH)r was dis- analysis gave 66.9VoCu and O.lVo Cl. By analogy covered.This specimenwas submittedfor identi- with (PDF syntheticCu(OH)o 13-420), spertiniite fication to one of the authors (J.D.G.) by Mr. is orthorhombic, space group Ctncm, and Z = 4; F. Spertini, Chief Geologistat the Jeffrey refined cell parametersarel. a 2.951(l'), b 10.592(3), mine, c 5.257Q\ A. fne srongest nine lines of the X-ray Johns-ManvilleCanada Incorporated; it is with powder-diffraction pattern are 5.28(80)(020). great pleasure that we name this new mineral 3.73 (e0) (02'.t\, 2.632(I 00) (002), 2.494(60) ( | 11) . speciesspertiniite. 2.362(sO)(041,022), 2.264(7OJir30), 1.929(30) The name and the mineral have been ap- (ll2), 1.716(70)( 150.132) and 1.438(30)(152) A. provedb), the Commissionon New Minerals and The nreasureddensity is 3.93(2) g/cme and the Mineral Names, I.M.A. The holotype specimen calculated density, g,/cm'. 3.94 of spertiniite consistsof a few mg of material Keyworcls; spertiniite, new mineral. cupric hv- on matrix measuring3x3x2 cm. This specimen droxide. Jeffrey mine. Qu6bec. rodingite. is preservedat the National Museum of Natural Sciences,Ottawa (NMNS 44696) along with Sovuernr cotype material (NMN^! 44697, 44698 and 44699). La spertiniite. espBcenouvelle trouvde ir la mine Jeffrey (Qu6bec), se pr6sente en petits asr6- gats botryoidaux avec chalcocite. cuivre natif et OccunnrNce atacamite associ6s,dans un dyke de rodineite. Les cristaux en lattes, de taille infErieure ir l0 um. Spertiniite is a very rare mineral, found in passent du bleu au bleu-vert. Optiquement ils sont a rodingite dyke exposedin the east side of the anisotropes,ii extinction paralldle. allongement po- Jeffrey mine open pit. At the time of discovery, sitif et fort pl6ochroisme (X incolore. Z bleu fon- January 1978, the exp.osureof the dyke meas- c6); leurs indices de r6fraction sont o l.7ZO(2), t ured I m in thicknessby 8 m in length (F. 1.800(2). IJne > analyse i la microsonde 6lectro- Spertini, pers. comm. 1980). Spertiniite occurs nique donne 66.9Vo Ct et 0.1Vo Cl. Par analogie in the lower portion of dyke near the con- avec le Cu(OH), synth6tique (PDF 13-420), la the spertiniite est orthorhombique, groupe spatial Cmcm, tact with the host serpentinizeddunite. This t 2.951(r), h r0.s9z(3), c 5.257(3) A. Z - 4. Les portion of the rodingite consists primarily of neuf raies les plus intenses du clich6 de poudre fine grained,dense, white diopsideand grossular, ld1,y1en A. (t) (/r&/)l sont: 5.28(80)(020), 3.73196; partly coated with pale green vesuvianite.Wares (021). 2.632(100)(002\, 2.494(60)(rrr). 2.362 & Martin ( 1980) gave further details of the ( (04r.022). (130\. i3'0) s0) 2.264(70) 1.929 ( rr2 t, petrology of this assemblage. 1.716(70)( 150,132) et 1.438(30)(l52). La densit6 Chalcocite commonly constitutes the core of mesurdeest de 3.93(2), calcul6e3.94. the botryoidal massesof spertiniite,which also (Traduit par la R6daction) contain atagamite. Minor amounts of copper 337 338 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST (Fig. are associatedwith spertiniite in the rodingite. gaies approximately 100 g,m in diameter A second occurrence of spertiniite from Ely' I ). SEM observation shows them to be com- a Nevada, has been reported by Miss E.E. Fejer posed of lathJike crystals, often having (pers. comm., 1980), British Museum (Natural radial habit (Fig. 2), with their longest dimen- blue to History), London ( 8M1972,193). sion approximately l0 pm' Spertiniite is blue-greenand transparent with a vitreous lustre' crusheseasily without any marked PHYSICAL aNu OPrtcll- PRoPERTIES It is soft and cleavage. It does not fluoresce in ultraviolet Spertiniite forms discrete botryoidal aggre- radiation. There was insufficient material for Frc. l. Botryoidal aggregates of spertiniite on rodingite mafix' SEM image; width of field of view is 380 pm. FIc, 2, Radial aggregatesof lath-like crystals of spertiniite. SEM image; width of field of view is 230 pm. SPERTINIITE FROM THE JEFFREY MINE 339 lIM I. FRAY }CIIIRDITFMCTICtrI DAN TOR SPRTI,UTE AID SYNMMC sohrbility measurementson spertiniite, but Weast @ruc mrcro (1977) reported that synthetic Cu(OH)r is in- soluble in cold water, decomposesin hot water PERTINITB qPuc ]mr and is soluble in acids. .l€t fuas dcalc l@s dmeas Three grains were used in the density deter- mination of spertiniite. Grains were suspended 80 5.29 5.29 020 90 5.30 3.73 3.73 02L L00 3.73 in Clerici solution (thallous malonate/formate- <t_0 2.A4 2.84 110 2 2.65 040 <1 water mixtures) at. 22"C, and densities of the 100 2.63 2.63 002 70 2.63 60 2.50 2.50 LLL 2.50 matching solution were measured in a 2-cm3 2.365 04r !2 2.364 z"ot , pycnometer. 50 \ 2.3y o22 16 The measured density, 3.93(2) 70 2.266 2.264 130 2,263 g/cm3, compares well with 20 2.017 2.079 l3l- 2.O78 the calculated den- 30 1.931 r.930 JJ2 2 r.929 sity of Cu(OH)r, 3.94 g/cm", with Z:4 and 1.866 042 <1 <f,0 L.764 1.765 060 6 L.797 r.72J 150 V:1643 43. 1 'a r 35 L.72 70 ' 1.716 r32 Optical measurementson spertiniite were dif- t0 r.670 r.673 061 J,.664 023 ficult owing to the small crystal size. It is 20 1.631 r.635 r-5r t0 1.493 L.492 lt3 L.492 optically anisotropicowith parallel extinction and br.0 L.474 L.475 200 L.4'76 ),.466 062 L.466 positive elongation. Pleochroism is strong, with b10 1.461 1.461 043 30 1.440 1.440 r52 T2 L.439 X colorless and Z dark blue. The indices of r.42r 220 L.420 refraction are 1.72O(2) 1.386 133 1.385 a and 7 >1.800(2); 1.373 L.372 22L L.372 this phasereacts with immersion 1.346 170 L.346 liquids having I.324 080 !,324 r) 1.800. 1.3L4 004 4 1.3L4 <10 1.301- 1.304 171 1,304 I r.289 240 <r0 r.2e1 | 1.287 2O2 6 1.285 CnystetLocnlpHy I L2A4 081 L.216 024 L,275 L.252 24I , 6 L.249 10 t l-2il 222 Spertiniite crystals are tabular (Fig. 2), but <10 L.?26 L.228 L53 2 r-224 L.198 n2 <I neither morphological nor single-crystal X-ray 1.193 Lt4 <10 1.181 1.182 042 4 1.180 studiescould be made owing to the microcrys- !.I77 U4 talline natnre of the aggregates.Using powder 1.157 242 <<r l_0 L.136 1.L37 L34 1.131 patterns generatedwith a 114.6 mm Gandolfi l.l-32 260 camera, 38 diffraction lines were measured; of r* additi@l. Eak liN bel@, ltrffiit-tes <10 these, 19 could be indexed and were suitable u4.6 @ Gtdol.fi l@a, c!(u radi*io. for least-squares refinement. The indexing is rJ@6 @d S13-420 ,*r.039, .98r. .9617, .947J", .930A. .9222, .9149, .9059, .4907, .464L, based on the orthorhombic cell and spacegroup .a442t .AI47, .1NO, .7743. Cmcm determined by Jaggi & Oswald (1961) for synthetic Cu(OH)r. The refined unit-cell parameters and volume arc a 2.951U.), b 10.592(3),c 5.257(3) A and V 164.3Q) N. wavelength-dispersionspectrometry with 20 kV The X-ray powder-diffraction data for spertiniite accelerating voltage and 0.5 pA sample current and syntheticCu(OH)e (PDF l3-420) are given measured on spertiniite-atacamite. Standards in Table l. used were copper metal for copper and halite for chlorine. The intensity counts emitted at Cusl4rclr CoupostttoN the copper and chlorine Ka wavelengthsby the standards and minerals were reduced by the All the chemical analyseswere performed on computer program EMPADR VII (Rucklidge & an ARL-EMX electron microprobe with a solid- Gasparrini 1969). state detector for analysis by energy dispersion. A preliminary qualitative study of the sperti- Although the microprobe is not normally the niite, in a predominantly diopside matrix, best instrument for the study of hydrous min- showed that the mineral is very fine grained, erals (neither O nor H is detected), it was in lV20 pm in size, and intimately associated our case the only one capable of analyzing with atacamite,from which it is not distinguished grains as fine as those of spertiniite.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mineral Processing
    Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Monitoring the Conservation Treatment of Corroded Cupreous Artefacts: the Use of Electrochemistry and Synchrotron Radiation Based Spectroelectrochemistry
    FACULTY OF SCIENCE Department of Analytical Chemistry Monitoring the conservation treatment of corroded cupreous artefacts: The use of electrochemistry and synchrotron radiation based spectroelectrochemistry Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Science, Chemistry by Karen Leyssens Promoter: Prof. Dr. A. Adriaens Co-promoter: Dr. C. Degrigny Ghent 2006 Woord van Dank Men kan misschien wel onderzoek voeren op z’n eentj e, maar men geraakt zoveel verder met de hulp van anderen. Daarom zou ik langs deze weg graag mijn collega’s, vrienden en familie willen bedanken voor hun voortdurende steun tijdens het voltooien van dit doctoraat. Prof. Dr. A. Adriaens wens ik te bedanken voor de kans dei ze me gaf om te doctoreren, voor haar vertrouwen en de begeleiding gedurende deze 4 jaar. In het bijzonder de contacten en internationale samenwerkingen die zij tot stand bracht waren van enorme waarde voor dit werk. In this respect, I have to start with thanking Dr. C. Degrigny for suggesting several subjects of interest in the area of conservation science and even more for the discussions and support in the years thereafter. I certainly have to thank Prof. Dr. M. Dowsett from the University of Warwick for all the effort and time he invested in the design of the in situ cell and the related software, his enthusiasm during each of the measuring sessions and the hours of discussion for interpretating the XAS results. The second part of this work would not have been possible without him. Of course I should not forget all the other people involved in the synchrotron sessions for their dedication to make a succes out of each measurement.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Geological Association of Canada Mineralogical
    GEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF CANADA MINERALOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF CANADA 2006 JOINT ANNUAL MEETING MONTRÉAL, QUÉBEC FIELD TRIP 4A : GUIDEBOOK MINERALOGY AND GEOLOGY OF THE POUDRETTE QUARRY, MONT SAINT-HILAIRE, QUÉBEC by Charles Normand (1) Peter Tarassoff (2) 1. Département des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Atmosphère, Université du Québec À Montréal, 201, avenue du Président-Kennedy, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8 2. Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 2K6 1 INTRODUCTION The Poudrette quarry located in the East Hill suite of the Mont Saint-Hilaire alkaline complex is one of the world’s most prolific mineral localities, with a species list exceeding 365. No other locality in Canada, and very few in the world have produced as many species. With a current total of 50 type minerals, the quarry has also produced more new species than any other locality in Canada, and accounts for about 25 per cent of all new species discovered in Canada (Horváth 2003). Why has a single a single quarry with a surface area of only 13.5 hectares produced such a mineral diversity? The answer lies in its geology and its multiplicity of mineral environments. INTRODUCTION La carrière Poudrette, localisée dans la suite East Hill du complexe alcalin du Mont Saint-Hilaire, est l’une des localités minéralogiques les plus prolifiques au monde avec plus de 365 espèces identifiées. Nul autre site au Canada, et très peu ailleurs au monde, n’ont livré autant de minéraux différents. Son total de 50 minéraux type à ce jour place non seulement cette carrière au premier rang des sites canadiens pour la découverte de nouvelles espèces, mais représente environ 25% de toutes les nouvelles espèces découvertes au Canada (Horváth 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • New Mineral Names E55
    American Mineralogist, Volume 67, pages 854-860, l,982 NEW MINBRAL NAMES* MrcHa.Br-FrerscHen, G. Y. CHeo ANDJ. A. MeNoenrNo Arsenocrandallite* Although single-crystal X-ray ditrraction study showed no departure from cubic symmetry, the burtite unit Kurt Walenta (1981)Minerals of the beudantite-crandallitegroup cell is consid- eredto be rhombohedralwith space-groupR3, a,6 = 8.128A,a = from the Black Forest: Arsenocrandallite and sulfate-free 90', Z = 4 (a : 11.49,c : 14.08Ain hexagonalserting). weilerite. Schweiz. Mineralog. petrog. Mitt., 61,23_35 (in The German). strongestlines in the X-ray powder ditrraction pattern are (in A, for CoKa, indexing is based on the pseudo-cubic cell): Microprobe analysis gave As2O522.9, p2}s 10.7, Al2O32g.7, 4.06(v sX200), I .E I 4(s)(420),1.657 (s)@22), 0. 9850(sX820,644) and Fe2O31.2, CaO 6.9, SrO 6.0, BaO 4.3, CuO 1.8,ZnO 0.3,Bi2O3 0.9576(sX822,660). 2.4, SiO2 3.2, H2O (loss on ignition) 11.7, sum l}}.lVo cor_ Electron microprobe analysis(with HrO calculatedto provide responding to (Ca6.5,,S16.2eBas.1aBir.65)1.6e(Al2.7eCus.11Fefifl7 the stoichiometric quantity of OH) gave SnO256.3, CaO 20.6, Zno.oz)r.gs(Aso.ss P6.75Si6.26) z.oo He.cq O13.63,or MgO 0.3, H2O 20.2, total 97.4 wt.Vo. These data give an (Ca,Sr)Al:Ht(As,P)Oal2(OH)6. Spectrographicanalysis showed empirical formula of (Canes2Mga oro)>r.oozSno ngn(OH)6 or, ideal- small amounts of Na, K, and Cl.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral Formation on Metallic Copper in Afuture Repository Site Environment
    SKI Report 96:38 Mineral Formation on Metallic Copper in a "Future Repository Site Environment" Örjan Amcoff Katalin Holényi April 1996 ISSN 1104-1374 ISRN SKI-R--96/38--SE ffiMM^ STATENS KÄRNKRAFTINSPEKTION VOL 2 7 fia 1 5 Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate SKI Report 96:38 Mineral Formation on Metallic Copper in a "Future Repository Site Environment" Örjan Amcoff Katalin Holényi University of Uppsala Institute of Earth Sciences, Mineralogy-Petrology, Norbyvägen 18B, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden April 1996 This report concerns a study which has been conducted for the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate (SKI). The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily coincide with those of the SKI. NORSTEDTS TRYCKERI AB Stockholm 1996 SUMMARY. Formation of copper minerals in a "future repository site environment" is discussed. Since reducing conditions are expected much effort has been concentrated on Cu-sulphides and CuFe-sulphides. However, oxidizing conditions are also discussed. A list of copper minerals are included. It is concluded that mineral formation and mineral transitions on the copper canister surface will be governed by kinetics and metastabilities rather than by stability relations. The sulphides formed are less likely to form a passivating layer, and the rate of sulphide growth will probably be governed by the rate of transport of reacting species to the cansiter surface. A series of tests are recommended, in a milieu resembling the initial repository site conditions. SAMMANFATTNING. Bildning av kopparmineral i en framtida slutförvarsmiljö diskuteras. Eftersom reducerande betingelser kan förväntas har Cu-sulfider och CuFe-sulfider getts stor plats, men även oxiderande betingelser diskuteras.
    [Show full text]
  • Spertiniite Cu(OH)2 C 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1
    Spertiniite Cu(OH)2 c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Orthorhombic. Point Group: mm2. Flat tabular to lathlike crystals, to 10 µm, in radial and botryoidal aggregates. Physical Properties: Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = Soft. D(meas.) = 3.93(2) D(calc.) = 3.94 Synthetic material decomposes in hot H2O. Optical Properties: Transparent. Color: Blue to blue-green. Luster: Vitreous. Optical Class: Biaxial. Pleochroism: Strong; X = colorless; Z = dark blue. Orientation: Extinction parallel; elongation positive. α = 1.720(2) β = n.d. γ = > 1.800(2) 2V(meas.) = n.d. Cell Data: Space Group: Cmc21. a = 2.951(1) b = 10.592(3) c = 5.257(3) Z = 4 X-ray Powder Pattern: Jeffrey mine, Canada. 2.63 (100), 3.73 (90), 5.29 (80), 2.266 (70), 1.718 (70), 2.50 (60), 2.361 (50) Chemistry: (1) (2) Cu 66.9 65.14 Cl 0.1 OH 34.86 Total 100.00 (1) Jeffrey mine, Canada; by electron microprobe. (2) Cu(OH)2. Occurrence: A very rare mineral, altering from chalcocite in alkaline groundwater, in a rodingite dike near the contact with a serpentinized dunite (Jeffrey mine, Quebec, Canada). Association: Chalcocite, atacamite, copper, diopside, grossular, vesuvianite (Jeffrey mine, Quebec, Canada). Distribution: In Canada, in Quebec, from the Jeffrey mine, Asbestos, and at Mont Saint-Hilaire. In the USA, at Ely, White Pine Co., Nevada, and from Bisbee, Cochise Co., Arizona. At Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan. In Germany, from Juli¨ushutte, Astfeld, Harz Mountains, in slag. At Tsumeb, Namibia. Name: Honors Francesco Spertini (1937– ), Chief Geologist, Jeffrey mine, Asbestos, Canada, who submitted the first sample.
    [Show full text]
  • Welcome to Ancient Copper and Bronze
    Welcome to Ancient Copper and Bronze B R O N ZE IS C O P P E R A N D T IN AND ON THE DARKENING FI METALS ARE CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS ELD OF BATTL E THE ODDS WERE MADE EVEN: L UCRETIUS Ima ges c ourtes y o f David A . Scott. CopperCopperCopper-Tin--TinTin AlloysAlloys The copper–tin system at full equilibrium, which is never attained in ancient materials where the ε phase only appears after 1000s of hours of annealing. At tin concentrations below 37% the ε phase does not appear and all alloys are α or (α+δ) eutectoid if slowly cooled. Image courtesy of David A. Scott. CopperCopperCopper-Arsenic--ArsenicArsenic AlloysAlloys Early Bronze Age. Usually have 1%-5% arsenic content. Heavily cored from the cast state. Good casting alloy as arsenic good deoxidizer. Difficult to control composition as arsenic may be lost on heating Could get arsenic surface segregation. Image courtesy of INCRA series on the Metallurgy of Copper. AncientAncient MetalsMetals TechnologyTechnology && StructureStructure Native Metals, melted metals and smelted metals. Meteoric iron: sporadic Native copper: common Native gold: placer/mined Native silver: rare Native copper shaped by hammering and annealing. Small pieces could be melted in crucible and then hammered and annealed. Images courtesy of Andrew Alden. AncientAncient MetalsMetals TechnologyTechnology && StructureStructure When do we start to get smelted copper? Answer is different in the Old and New Worlds. Enriched gossan of oxidized sulphide ores easy to smelt Need ore, flux, charcoal, tuyere or bellows, crucibles, furnace, slag tapping, temperature control, skill. A shaft furnace from Greece (6th century BC) depicted on a vase showing a smith forging a bloom in front with the bellows behind.
    [Show full text]
  • C:\Documents and Settings\Alan Smithee\My Documents\MOTM\Vesuvianite2.Wpd
    @tftrs1/0/Lhmdq`knesgdLnmsg9Udrtuh`mhsd This month we are pleased to feature vesuvianite, a complex silicate from a classic locality—Canada’s Jeffrey asbestos mine. Our write-up explains the unusual metamorphic origin of vesuvianite and its use as a gemstone, along with the facts and fiction surrounding asbestos and the rich history of what was once the world’s largest asbestos mine. OVERVIEW PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Chemistry: Ca19(Al,Mg,Fe)13Si18O68(O,OH,F)10 Basic Calcium Aluminum Magnesium Iron Oxyfluorosilicate (Calcium Aluminum Magnesium Iron Oxyfluorosilicate Hydroxide), often containing copper, beryllium, chromium, manganese, and boron. Class: Silicates Subclass: Sorosilicates (Double-Tetrahedral Silicates) Group: Vesuvianite Crystal System: Tetragonal Crystal Habits: Usually as short, prismatic crystals with square cross sections; occasionally long prismatic; also columnar, granular, massive, and compact. Color: Brown, amber, reddish-brown, sherry, purple, violet, blue-green, yellow, yellowish-green, and green; occasionally colorless, white, and blue; often exhibits prominent color zoning. Luster: Vitreous to resinous Transparency: Transparent to translucent Streak: White Refractive Index: 1.700-1.721 Cleavage: Poor in one direction, indistinct in two others Fracture: Subconchoidal, brittle Hardness: 6.5 Specific Gravity: 3.3-3.5 Luminescence: None Distinctive Features and Tests: Translucent, green vesuvianite can be confused with jade, but it is harder and more dense than either jadeite [sodium iron aluminum silicate, Na(Al,Fe)Si2O6] or nephrite (a variety of the actinolite-tremolite solid-solution series of basic calcium magnesium iron silicate composition). Vesuvianite can also appear similar to certain color varieties of zircon [zirconium silicate, ZrSiO4], but unlike zircon it is not fluorescent.
    [Show full text]
  • New Mineral Names*
    American Mineralogist, Volume 67, pages 854-860, 1982 NEW MINERAL NAMES* Arsenocrandallite* Although single-crystal X-ray diffraction study showed no departure from cubic symmetry, the burtite unit cell is consid- Kurt Walenta (1981) Minerals of the beudantite-crandallite group ered to be rhombohedral with spacegroup RT, a, = 8. 128~, = from the Black Forest: Arsenocrandallite and sulfate-free 900, = (a = 11.49, = 14.08A in hexagonal setting). The weilerite. Schweiz. Mineralog. Petrog. Mitt., 61, 23-35 (in strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are (in A, German). for CoKa, indexing is based on the pseudo-cubic cell): Microprobe analysis gave As205 22.9, P20J 10.7, AI2O3 28.7, 4.06(vs)(200), 1.814(~)(420),1.657(~)(422), 0.9850(~)(820,644) and Fez03 1.2, CaO 6.9, SrO 6.0, BaO 4.3, CuO 1.8, ZnO 0.3, Biz03 0.9576(~)(822,660). 2.4, Si02 3.2, H20 (loss on ignition) 11.7, sum 100.1% cor- Electron microprobe analysis (with H20calculated to provide responding to (C~O.~IS~~.~~B~O.14Bio.0~)~.09(A12.79C~~. I Feo'& the stoichiometric quantity of OH) gave Sn02 56.3, CaO 20.6, Zn0.02)2.99 (As0.99 p0.7~ Si0.26)2.00 H6.44 013.63, Or MgO 0.3, H20 20.2, total 97.4 wt.%. These data give an (Ca,Sr)Al3H[(As,P)O4I2(0H),.Spectrographic analysis showed empirical formula of (Cao.9s2Mgo.020)Zl.oo2Sno.999(OH)6or, ideal- small amounts of Na, K, and C1. A second sample is nearly free ly, Casn(OH)6.
    [Show full text]
  • Metasomatism and Metamorphism in the Mount Avic Serpentinites (Alpine Ophiolites, Southern Aosta Valley)
    07Panseri 165:07Panseri 165 8-01-2009 10:30 Pagina 165 Ofioliti, 2008, 33 (2), 165-185 165 EVOLUTION OF RODINGITIC DYKES: METASOMATISM AND METAMORPHISM IN THE MOUNT AVIC SERPENTINITES (ALPINE OPHIOLITES, SOUTHERN AOSTA VALLEY) Matteo Panseri , Emanuele Fontana and PaolaTartarotti Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Milano, Italy. Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Keywords: Rodingite, metasomatism, Piemonte ophiolite. Western Alps. ABSTRACT The Mount Avic ophiolite mainly consists of a large mass of serpentinites, which constitutes the base of a subunit of the Piemonte ophiolitic nappe. Ser- pentinites represent the mantle portion of the oceanic lithosphere of the Mesozoic Tethys and consist of antigorite-titanian clinohumite-diopside schists as products of oceanic metasomatism and tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Alpine orogeny, at the expense of abyssal peridotite mineral assemblage. The serpentinite mass includes metagabbro pods (without metasomatic alteration) and associated rodingitic dykes. Various rodingitic dykes can be distinguished on the basis of their mineralogical assemblages. The main assemblage consists of ugranditic garnet, chlorite ± diopside ± epidote ± vesuvianite. We observed also some other peculiar rodingites such as vesuvianite-chlorite-, diopside-epidote-chlorite-, and diopside-chlorite-bearing rodingites, as distinctive of the Mount Avic massif, as well as rodingitic reaction zones and foliated rodingites with chlorite, diopside, or epidote. These mineral assemblages are strictly re- lated to the chemistry of the protolith (probably mafic dykes within serpentinite), as well as to the oceanic rodingitization during the serpentinization event and to the Alpine evolution that affected the Mount Avic massif. INTRODUCTION GEOLOGICAL SETTING OF THE NW ALPS OPHIOLITES The term “rodingite” has been introduced for the first time to describe altered gabbros from the New Zealand ser- The meta-ophiolites of the NW Alps (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Waste Rock Weathering Characteristics at the Antamina Mine Based on Field Cells Experiment
    ASSESSMENT OF WASTE ROCK WEATHERING CHARACTERISTICS AT THE ANTAMINA MINE BASED ON FIELD CELLS EXPERIMENT by CELEDONIO ARANDA CLEMENTE B.A.Sc. Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, 2000 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF APPLIED SCIENCE in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Mining Engineering) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) March 2010 © Celedonio Aranda Clemente, 2010 ABSTRACT The weathering behaviour of waste rock is being evaluated using field cell experiments at the Antamina Mine. The results presented here are a component of a larger study that is being conducted in Antamina, whose objective is to understand the geochemical and hydrological behaviour exhibited by different waste rock types, and their potential operational and post-closure impacts on the environment, in order to identify and implement prevention/mitigation measures. The waste rock is currently classified into three classes based on metal (zinc, arsenic) and sulfide contents: reactive (A), slightly reactive (B), and non-reactive (C). This thesis presents the analysis only of Class B marble and hornfels material. Particle size was measured through the standard sieving method and Elutriation techniques, and surface area through geometrical estimation and the BET methods. The data gathered was correlated with chemical assay results and complemented with the mineralogical and mineral availability for leaching data obtained using a Mineral Liberation Analyzer. Minerals containing copper, lead, and zinc, and all sulfide minerals were examined. Seven field kinetic cells were installed with samples having particles of less than 10 cm in diameter. Metal leaching, elemental production rates and release rate trends from two years of data are presented.
    [Show full text]
  • Mineral of the Month Club January 2015
    Mineral of the Month Club January 2015 CHRYSOCOLLA This month we are featuring chrysocolla, a complex, blue-green, copper mineral from Peru. Our write-up discusses chrysocolla’s mineralogy and gemology, and explains why mineralogists question its validity as a mineral species. OVERVIEW PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Chemistry: (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O Basic Hydrous Copper Aluminum Acid Silicate (This is an ideal formula; actual composition is variable.) Class: Silicates Subclass: Phyllosilicates Group: Chrysocolla Crystal System: Othorhombic Crystal Habits: Often botryoidal; also occurs in massive, stalactitic, stalagmitic, crusty, and earthy forms. Crystals, which are rare, are acicular or fibrous. Chrysocolla usually forms cryptocrystalline or amorphous masses. Color: Green, greenish-blue, bluish-green, and blue; impurities can create blackish-blue and brownish colors. Luster: Vitreous to greasy, waxy, earthy, and dull. Transparency: Translucent to opaque Streak: White to pale shades of blue or green Cleavage: None Fracture: Uneven to subconchoidal; brittle. Hardness: 2.5-3.5 Specific Gravity: 1.9-2.4 Luminescence: None Refractive Index: 1.575-1.636 Distinctive Features and Tests: Best field-identification marks are green, greenish-blue, bluish-green, and blue colors; lack of discernible crystals; low density; softness; and occurrence in oxidized, copper-rich environments in association with other green-blue, oxidized copper minerals. Can be confused with turquoise [basic hydrous copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O] and the green-blue variety of smithsonite [zinc carbonate, ZnCO3]. Dana Classification Number: 74.3.2.1 NAME: The name “chrysocolla,” pronounced kriss-uh-KOLL-uh, stems from the Greek words chrysos, meaning “gold,” and kolla, or “glue,” alluding to a similar material used in ancient Greece as a flux to solder gold.
    [Show full text]