INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY THIRTY-NINTH SESSION 20 JULY - 5 AUGUST 1999 1 © 2000 International Olympic Committee Published and edited jointly by the International Olympic Committee and the International Olympic Academy Scientific Supervisor: Dr. Kostas Georgiadis IOA Dean 2 INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY 39th SESSION FOR YOUNG PARTICIPANTS THE OLYMPIC IDEAL AND CULTURE IN THE GLOBAL AGE 20 JULY - 5 AUGUST 1999 ANCIENT OLYMPIA 3 EPHORIA (BOARD OF DIRECTORS) OF THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY President Mr Nikos FILARETOS IOC Member in Greece Honorary life President Mr Juan Antonio SAMARANCH 1st Vice-president Mr Georges MOISSIDES Member of the Hellenic Olympic Committee 2nd Vice-president Mr Spiros ZANNIAS Honorary Vice-president Mr Nikolaos YALOURIS Ex officio member Mr Lambis NIKOLAOU IOC member in Greece Dean Mr Konstantinos GEORGIADIS Members Mr Dimitris DIATHESSOPOULOS Secretary General of the Hellenic Olympic Committee Mr Georgios YEROLIMBOS Mr Ioannis THEODORAKOPOULOS President of the Greek association of sports journalists Mr Epaminondas KIRIAZIS Cultural Consultant Panagiotis GRÁVALOS 4 IOC COMMISSION FOR THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY AND OLYMPIC EDUCATION President Mr Nikos FILARETOS IOC member in Greece Vice-president Mrs Carol Anne LETHEREN IOC member in Canada Members Mr Fernando Ferreira Lima BELLO IOC member in Portugal Mr Valeriy BORZOV IOC member in the Ukraine Mr Ivan DIBOS IOC member in Peru Dr Nat INDRAPANA IOC member in Thailand Major General Francis NYANGWESO IOC member in Uganda H.E. Mr Mohamed ZERGUINI IOC member in Algeria NOC representatives Mr Georges MOISSIDES Dr Fernando BELTRANENA VALLADARES IF representatives Count Dieter LANDSBERG-VELEN Mr René ROCH Athletes representative Mr Philippe RIBOUD Individual members Mrs Helen BROWNLEE Judge Conrado DURANTEZ Mrs Yoon-bang KWON Dr Marc MAES Prof. Norbert MUELLER Secretariat Department of International Cooperation "ALL PEOPLES POSSESS A CULTURAL HERITAGE FROM WHICH THE VALUES RELATED TO TOLERANCE, SOLIDARITY AND FRATERNITY EMERGE. OLYMPIC EDUCATION IS FOUNDED ON THESE SAME VALUES, AND ITS PURPOSE IS TO PLACE SPORT AT THE SERVICE OF THE HARMONIOUS DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANKIND, WITH THE VIEW TO ENCOURAGING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PEACEFUL SOCIETY CONCERNED WITH THE PRESERVATION OF HUMAN DIGNITY." Quotation from the address by the IOC President at the opening of the 39th Session of the International Olympic Academy. Pnyx, 20 July 1999 6 FOREWORD All the Sessions and Seminars organized by the International Olympic Academy (IOA) this year were extremely successful and highly praised by participants, lecturers and guests alike. Special reference must be made to the President of the IOA, Mr Nikos Filaretos, who has been offering his benevolent services to the Hellenic Olympic Committee (HOC) and the Olympic Movement for the past 25 years. During the Opening Ceremony of the 39th International Session for Young Participants and in the presence of the IOC President, Mr Juan Antonio Samaranch, the HOC President, Mr Lambis Nikolaou, representing the HOC, presented Mr Filaretos with a prize for his long years of contribution to the Olympic Movement. Moreover, the Vice-Président of the Russian Olympic Committee, Prof. V. Rodichenko, representing the Russian NOC, awarded Mr Nikos Filaretos the Higher Distinction of the Russian Olympic Movement. The basic subject of the Session was, like every year "Olympism", while its special subject was: "The Olympic Ideal and Culture in the Global Age". 14 lecturers, seven guests, 26 coordinators, 182 participants, from 85 countries and all five continents, 98 of whom were male and 84 female, and four IOA scholarship-holders participated in the Session. The aforementioned scholarships are granted in memory of the late IOA President, Mr Nikolaos Nissiotis, IOA Vice-Président, Mr Kleanthis Paleólogos and IOA Dean, Mr Otto Szymiczek. Through their lectures, the 14 Lecturers contributed a great deal to the success of the Session, offering the Participants a wealth of knowledge and information on Olympism and culture, always in connection to the phenomenon of globalization. The Session began with a lecture by IOA President and member of the International Olympic Committee, Mr Nikos Filaretos (GRE). Mr Filaretos made special reference to the current role of the mass media in the field of sports as well as to the consequences of globalization in that same field. The President of the European Cultural Centre of Delphi and the European University, Prof. Hélène Glikatzi-Arwheiller (GRE) gave a clear picture of the 7 close relationship between the Olympic spirit and culture as well as of the way in which these elements can contribute to the greatest possible reduction of the negative effects of globalization. Prof. Nikolaos Yalouris (GRE), Former General Director of Antiquities of the Ministry of Culture and Honorary Vice-Président of the IOA clarified the crucial role the sacred sites of Olympia and Delphi played throughout Antiquity. Mr Bob Elphinston (AUS), General Manager of SOCOG 2000, talked about the preparations for the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney and the cultural and sports programme. He gave a detailed description of the overall organization, the facilities, the sports and competition schedule, the Olympic arts festivals and generally of every sector related to the preparations for the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games. Prof. Norbert Müller (GER), Professor at the University of Mainz and member of the IOC Commission for the International Olympic Academy and Olympic Education, emphasized the role that Olympism can and must play in the field of education - the emphasis being on the local level - and the contribution of Olympic Education to modern society. Mrs Helen Brownlee (AUS), State Manager of the "School Sport Unit" in the Department of School Education in New South Wales and member of the IOC Commission for the International Olympic Academy and Olympic Education, lectured on the concept of Olympic Education and its application in modern society. She also mentioned possibilities of improving the ways in which Olympic Education is applied nowadays, referring at the same time to the framework for Global Olympic Education. The President of the Olympic Academy of Central Africa, Mr Théophile Touba (CAF) drew a comparison in his lecture between the traditional European and African education with regard to the Olympic spirit. He also talked of the relationship between the latter and the phenomena of globalization and multicultural education. Prof. Jim Parry (GBR), Head of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Leeds, Great Britain, gave a lecture on globalization multiculturalism and Olympism. After having presented in detail the various aspects and paramètres related to these three concepts and the relationships that existed between them, he referred to the notion of the philosophical Anthropology of the Olympics. In his lecture on the educational aspects of the World Youth Games, the Vice-Président of the Russian Olympic Committee, Prof. Vladimir Rodichenko (RUS) talked mainly about the implementation of the Olympic principles in the context of the Games and the quest for a more promising future through the organization of similar events. Mrs Nicole Girard-Savoy (SUI), Chief Project Manager of Olympic Solidarity, gave an excellent presentation on her work at Olympic Solidarity. She also gave a detailed description of Olympic Solidarity as an institution and its function and role in the field of sport and Olympism. 8 Prof. Shin-pyo Kang (KOR), Professor of Anthropology and Sociology at the University of Inje, gave a lecture on local and global aspects of the Olympic Games. Referring to the Olympic Games in Seoul and drawing a comparison with the Olympiads that have taken place in other countries of the world, he underlined the way in which the local element comes into play and influences the global character of the Olympic Games. In his lecture, Dr Holger Preuss (GER), Lecturer in the Faculty of Sport sciences of the Department of Sport History and Sport Sociology in the University of Mainz, Germany, presented the phenomenon of globalization, mainly as an economic factor. After detailed reference to the funding sources of the Olympic Games from 1972-1996, he examined the way in which globalization influences the funding sources of the Games in our times. Dr Naofumi Masumoto (JPN), Professor at the Department of Kinesiology of the School of Science of the Tokyo Metropolitan University, gave a lecture entitled: "Multidimensional Interpretations of Olympism: The Case of Sports Films", in which he referred to the film history of the Olympic Games. His lecture also included a short presentation of the contents of the Olympic films of the period 1936-1989, and touched on the questions of criticism and interpretation with regard to these films as well as the multidimensional aspect of Olympism, as presented in them. Finally, in his lecture, Mr Jean Durry (FRA), Director of the Sport Museum of France, gave an account of efforts to organize cultural events within the context of the Olympiads, from 1896, the year of the revival of the Games, right through to modern times. In his lecture, he underlined the need for new impetus to be attached to these cultural events, meaning that these events should become as important a pole of attraction for the spectators of the Games as the sports events. Eight participants presented short papers during the Session. Eight participants had the opportunity to present their personal Olympic experience based on their participation at the Olympic Games to all those attending the Session. The Olympic Museum representative gave an excellent presentation of the important work of the Olympic Museum in Lausanne. The participants at the Session were divided into 12 discussion groups, two of which were made up of French-speaking participants and the remaining ten of English speakers. Topics for discussion were given to the discussion groups. These topics were divided into two circles: the first circle included topics related to the basic subject of the Session, i.e. Olympism, while the second included topics related to its special subject, i.e.