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Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 8 (2015) 133e138

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Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity

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Original article Seven species of (: ) new to Korea

Jae-Cheon Sohn a, Kyu-Tek Park b, Soowon Cho c,*

a Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA b The Korean Academy of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea c Department of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea

article info abstract

Article history: Seven species of Olethreutinae, namely, venosana (Zeller), brevisetosa Oku, Received 10 March 2015 dealbana (Frölich), iophaea (Meyrick), takahirai Bae, nemorosa Kuznetsov, and Received in revised form Phaecadophora fimbrata Walsingham are reported from Korea for the first time. Photos of adult habitus 20 April 2015 and genitalia are provided if available. Accepted 23 April 2015 Copyright Ó 2015, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Available online 5 May 2015 Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Keywords: fauna host new record Tortricoidea

Introduction Olethreutinae new to Korea. Photos of adult habitus and genitalia, if available, are provided (Figures 1e18). Olethreutinae is one of three subfamilies within the family Tortricidae (Horak 1998). In contrast to the other two subfamilies, Materials and methods the monophyly of Olethreutinae has been strongly supported by morphological (Horak 1998) and molecular studies (Regier et al All the specimens examined here are deposited in the 2012). Two synapomorphies define olethreutine , namely, Specimen Room, Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk Na- the presence of a single whorl of scales on the antennal flag- tional University, Cheongju, Korea and the National Institute of ellomeres and the fusion of the phallus to the juxta through the Biological Resources (NIBR), Incheon, Korea. anellus in the male genitalia. Olethreutinae currently includes 4,417 species in 355 genera worldwide (Gilligan et al 2010), including Taxonomic accounts several economically important pest species such as the codling ( pomonella) and the Oriental fruit moth ( Order Lepidoptera molesta). Family Tortricidae The first record of Olethreutinae from Korea was made by Subfamily Olethreutinae Walsingham (1900) who reported 12 species. Park (1983) revised the Korean species list of Tortricidae, including 103 species under Bactra Stephens, 1834 Olethreutinae. Since then, many studies (e.g. Bae and Park 1998; (Zeller, 1847) 향부자속애기잎말이나방(신칭) Byun 1999; Byun et al 1998; Byun and Kim 2015; Nasu and Byun (Figures 1, 8, and 14) 2007; Razowski 1999; Sohn 2007) have added 142 species to the Phoxopteris venosana Zeller, 1847: 738. Type locality: Italia (Sicily, subfamily in the country. In this paper, we report seven species of Syracuse). Aphelia venosana: Herrich-Schäffer, 1849:244. Bactra truculenta Meyrick, 1909: 586. Type locality: (North Coorg, Dibidi). * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 432612558. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Cho). Bactra venosana: Kennel, 1910:472. Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Bactra scythropa Meyrick, 1911: 254. Type locality: Indonesia Korea National Arboretum (KNA). (Timor, Dili).

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2015.04.004 2287-884X/Copyright Ó 2015, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 134 JC Sohn et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 8 (2015) 133e138

Figures 1e7. Adults of Korean Tortricidae: 1, Bactra venosana (Zeller), male; 2, Eudemis brevisetosa Oku, male; 3, Eudemis lucina Liu and Bai, male; 4, Lobesia takahirai Bae, female; 5, Phaecadophora fimbrata Walsingham, male; 6, (Frölich), male; 7, Hedya iophaea (Meyrick), male.

Figures 8e13. Male genitalia of Korean Tortricidae: 8, Bactra venosana (Zeller); 9, Gypsonoma dealbana (Frölich); 10, Eudemis brevisetosa Oku; 11, Eudemis lucina Liu and Bai; 12, Hedya iophaea (Meyrick); 13, Phaecadophora fimbrata Walsingham.

Bactra geraropa Meyrick, 1931: 147. Type locality: (Taihoku). to apex; costal strigulae gray. Hind wing pale brownish gray, paler Bactra banosii Gozmány, 1960: 416. Type locality: Egypt (Sohag). in the anal area. Bactra (Chiloides) venosana: Diakonoff, 1956: 33. Male genitalia (Figure 8). With small socii; costa of valva roundly concave at distal one-third region; cucullus clavate; valvula long, Description. Forewing (Figure 1) length 6.1e7 mm, brownish narrow in basal two third of the region, spatulate, with comb of gray, suffused with dark brown along the costal area, with dark gray bristles in distal one-third portions; the saccular margin protruding suffusion from the distal end of the discal cell, broadened to the distally, with strong bristles; vinculum with a denticulate, trian- outer margin; white markings from the distal end of the discal cell gular flap; phallus robust, straight, with spiniform cornuti. JC Sohn et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 8 (2015) 133e138 135

Genus Eudemis Hübner, 1825 Eudemis brevisetosa Oku, 2005 귀룽큰애기잎말이나방 (Figures 2, 10, and 15) Eudemis brevisetosa Oku, 2005: 96. Type locality: Japan (Honshu, Iwate Prefecture, Morioka). : Byun et al., 1998: 110 (in part); Kawabe, 1982: 94 (in part); Park and Ahn, 1987: 97 (misidentification). Description. Forewing (Figure 2) length 7.2e8 mm, dark yellowish brown, suffused with dark brown along the costal area; costal strigulae gray in basal one third, white in distal half; basal area dark yellowish gray, with gray basal and sub-basal lines; antemedian line gray, two branched in anterior half; a small, obli- que, gray bar at distal one third of the dorsal margin; postmedian line oblique and gray; a dark brown, semicircular patch in the grayish yellow submarginal area. Hind wing brownish gray, paler to base. Male genitalia (Figure 10). With socius one half as long as tegumen; valva elongate, with spiniform setae in distal two third except the costal area, costa convex at basal one third, apex round; sacculus with long setae; phallus stout, slightly curved. Female genitalia (Figure 15). With sterigma concave poster- omedially; lamella antevaginalis elliptical; ductus bursae conical near ostium bursae; corpus bursae ovate, with two blade-like signa, one signum larger than the other. See Oku (2005) for the detailed description of E. brevisetosa and its distinctiveness from Eudemis lucina Liu and Bai. Material examined. 1_, Gyonggi Province, Gunpo, Mt. Surisan, 5 V 2002 (JC Sohn) [larva], 16 V 2002 [pupation], 25 V 2005 [emer- gence], on Prunus sargentii;1_, Gyonggi Province, Yongin, Hegok- dong, Temple Waujeongsa, 6 V 2002 (JC Sohn) [larva], 8 V 2002 [pupation], 28 V 2002 [emergence] on Prunus serrulata var. spon- tanea;2_,1\, Gangwon Province, Hweongseong, Gapcheon, 28 IV 1999 (JC Sohn) [larvae], 10 V 1999 [pupation], 29 V 1999 [emer- Figures 14e18. Female genitalia of Korean Tortricidae: 14, Bactra venosana (Zeller); 15, gence] on P. sargentii, GSN: SJC-432(_); 1\, Gangwon Province, Eudemis brevisetosa Oku; 16, Lobesia takahirai Bae; 17, Hedya iophaea (Meyrick); 18, Chuncheon, Gangchon, Gugokpokpo, 23 IV 1999 (JC Sohn) [larva], Pammene nemorosa Kuznetsov. 29 IV 1999 [pupation], 17 V 1999 [emergence] on Quercus mongol- ica;1\, ditto, 5 V 1999 (JC Sohn) [larva], 16 V 1999 [pupation], 30 V Female genitalia (Figure 14). With semioval lamella ante- 1999 [emergence] on P. sargentii, GSN: SJC-453; 2\, ditto, 24e25 IV vaginalis; a pair of small, triangular sclerites near the ostium 2001 (JC Sohn) [larvae], 7e9 V 2001 [pupation], 16e21 V 2001 bursae; area surrounding ostium bursae is sclerotized; antrum in [emergence] on P. sargentii;1\, Gangwon Province, Hongcheon, the posterior one sixth portion of ductus bursae is cylindrical; Sanmachi-ri, 8 V 1999 (JC Sohn) [larva], 22 V 1999 [pupation], 1 VI corpus bursae ovate, with denticulate, semicircular signum. See 1999 [emergence] on P. sargentii;1\, Gangwon Province, Chun- Diakonoff (1956) for the detailed description of B. venosana. cheon, Kangwon National University, 28 IV 1999 (JC Sohn) [larva], Material examined. 2_,1\, Jeonbuk Province, Muju, Mupung, 15 V 1999 [pupation], 27 V 1999 [emergence] on Q. mongolica;1\, Samgeo-ri (N3552002.000 E12749042.200, Alt. 933m), 27 VII 2003 Chungbuk Province, Jecheon, Mt. Wolagsan, 7 V 2004 (JC Sohn) (SW Cho, SC Nam and OB Kwon), genitalia slide number (GSN): SJC- [larva], 14 V 2004 [pupation], 26 V 2004 [emergence] on P. sargentii. 265(_), 273(\). Distribution. Korea (new record) and Japan. Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, , Taiwan, Southeast Host plants. Rosaceae: Prunus sargentii Rehder and P. serrulata var. Asia, Nepal, India, , Saudi Arabia, Turkey, South Europe, spontanea (Maxim.) E. H. Wilson in this study; P. verecunda (Koidz.) Canary Island, North Africa, Marianas Island, , Island, Koehne in Japan (Oku 2005). Fagaceae: Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex and Islands (introduced). Ledeb. in this study; Q. serrata Thunb. and Q. acuta Thunb. in Japan Host plants. This species is commonly known as the Nut grass (Oku 2005). Oku (2005) noted that a host range of Eudemis brevise- borer or Nutsedge borer. The larvae feed into the stem of the nut tosa is broader than that of E. lucina, exclusively feeding on the leaves grass or purple nutsedge, L. (Fletcher and Ghosh of trees (e.g. Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb., Q. serrata 1920; Kawabe 1982), which is often called “the world’s worst Thunb., and Q. dentata Thunb. in Japan). weed” (Holm et al 1977). Therefore, Bactra venosana has been Remarks. Two species, Eudemis lucina and E. brevisetosa,have considered for biological control of this weed in Hawaii long been confused with a European species E. profundana. Oku (Zimmermann 1978) and India (Ganga Visalakshy and Jayanth (2005) mentioned that E. lucina Liu and Bai, 1982,(국명신칭: 신갈 2002). The larvae of the species also feed on other 큰애기잎말이나방) is found in Korea, probably based on the picture such as European species of Cyperus (Razowski 2003) and provided in Byun et al (1998). In fact, the species previously known spp. from Hawaii (Diakonoff 1989), including as Eudemis profundana in Korea was a complex of Eudemis lucina Roem. Et Schult. and Kyllinga monocephala L. and Poaceae such as and E. brevisetosa. We herein provided additional records of Saccharum officinarum L. in China (Zhang 1994) and Phragmites sp. E. lucina (Figures 3 and 11) from Korea with its host plant; 1_, in Europe (Razowski 2003). Gangwon Province, Chuncheon, Kangwon National University, 28 136 JC Sohn et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 8 (2015) 133e138

IV 1999 (JC Sohn) [larva], 15 V 1999 [pupation], 27 V 1999 [emer- Female genitalia (Figure 17). With sterigma rectangular, concave gence] on Q. mongolica, GSN: SJC-433; 1\, ditto, 7 V 2001 (JC Sohn) anteriorly and posteriorly, covered with microscopic thorns; ductus [larva], 13 V 2001 [pupation], 28 V 2001 [emergence] on bursae narrow, 7.5 times longer than sterigma; corpus bursae Q. mongolica. elliptical, with two nearly identical, dentiform signa. See Diakonoff (1973) for the detailed description of the genitalia of Hedya iophaea. Genus Gypsonoma Meyrick, 1895 Materials examined. 3_,2\, Gyongnam Province, Island Geojedo, Gypsonoma dealbana (Frölich, 1828) 북방꼬마애기잎말이나방 Jangmog, Jangmunpo-waeseong [castle] (N3459030.800 (신칭) E12840025.200), 18 VI 2004 (JC Sohn), GSN: SJC-543(_), 585(\); 1_, (Figures 6 and 9) Jeonnam Province, Island Jindo, Dongoe-ri, Mt. Sulibong Tortrix dealbana Frölich, 1828: 51. Type locality: Germany (N3428037.800 E12618004.100, Alt. 183 m), 29 VI 2004 (JC Sohn, HJ (Wrtemberg). Park, SC Nam & YE Han), GSN: SJC-586(_). Tortrix incarnana Haworth, 1811: 555. Type locality: Great Distribution. Korea (new record), China, Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, Britain. Borneo, Java, and Sri Lanka. Penthina minorana Treitschke, 1830: 43. Type locality: Czech Host plant. Eurya japonica (Theaceae) in Japan (Kawabe 1982). Republic. Genus Lobesia Guenée, 1845 alnetana Guenée, 1845: 154. Type locality: France. (uninomial) reconditana Herrich-Schäffer, 1848: Figure 417. Lobesia takahirai Bae, 1996 계곡애기잎말이나방(신칭) Nomen nudum. (Figures 4 and 16) Penthina obscure-fasciana Heinemann, 1854: 1. Type locality: Lobesia takahirai Bae, 1996: 532. Type locality: Japan (Wakayama Europe. Prefecture, Kotonodaki). Gypsonoma dealbana: Meyrick, 1895: 481. Description. Forewing (Figure 4) length 4.5 mm, narrow, pale Gypsonoma ephoropa (nec Meyrick 1931): Kawabe, 1982: 130. orange, irrotated with grayish brown, strigulated with dark brown; Description. Forewing (Figure 6) length 5.8 mm, dark brown, costal strigulae alternating with pale orange and dark brown; sub- suffused with yellowish brown in distal one third of the costal area basal and antemedian lines dark brown; dark brown, semicurcular and middle of the terminal area; costal strigulae gray; a broad fascia patch at the middle of the termen. Hind wing dark brownish gray. from basal two fifth of the costa to the middle of the dorsum, Male genitalia. Not found in this study. broadened to the dorsum; gray mottles in the submarginal area. Female genitalia (Figure 16). With sterigma flabellate; ductus Hind wing brownish gray. bursae slender; corpus bursae globular, spinulate in the anterior Male genitalia (Figure 9). With uncus absent; socii lobate, setose; half; two scobinate circular signa sparsely surrounded with short tegumen long, trapezoidal; cucullus round, setose, with strong thorns. See Bae (1996) for the detailed description of L. takahirai, setae and three short spines along the lower margin; a short, based on both sexes. dentiform process at the middle of the upper margin of the Material examined. 1\, Gyongbuk Province, Sangju, Mt. Sokrisan, sacculus; basal one half of the upper margin of the sacculus semi- Mansugaegok [valley], 26 VII 2002 (MA Kim), GSN: SJC-210. circular, convex at middle; the saccular margin protruding at distal Distribution. Korea (new record) and Japan. one fourth; phallus with needle-like cornuti. See Razowski (2003) Genus Pammene Hübner, 1825 for the detailed description of G. dealbana, based on both sexes. Material examined. 1_, Gyeonggi-do Province, Paju, Daeseong- Pammene nemorosa Kuznetsov, 1968 어리도토리애기잎말이나 dong (in Korean Demilitarized Zone), 4-5 VI 1997 (HC Kim), GSN: 방 (신칭) SJC-266. (Figure 18) Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, China (Guizhou), Russia, Pammene nemorosa Kuznetzov in Danilevsky and Kuznetzov, Kazakhstan, and Western Europe. 1968: 377. Type locality: Russia (Primorsky Krai, Ussuriysk). Host plants. Polyphagous (after Razowski 2003)onCorylus, Description. No dried specimens for a figure of adult are available , Alnus, Betula, including Populus tremula, Salix, here. Forewing truncate apically, brownish black, spackled with Quercus, etc. The larvae feed in catkins or buds of birch, alder, black; wing pattern elements comprising white costal strigulae, filbert, and rarely oak (Kuznetsov 1978; Swatschek 1958). The moth submarginal ocelloid patch and gray, medialeposterior dorsal also spins leaves of the host plants together (Razowski 2003). blotch. Hind wing dark brownish gray, paler to base. Genus Hedya Hübner, 1825 Female genitalia (Figure 18). With anal papillae are elliptical, setose; apophysis anterior is longer than apophysis posterior; ste- Hedya iophaea (Meyrick, 1912) 가새목애기잎말이나방(신칭) rigma broad, medially emarginated two times; sterigma ring cup- (Figures 7, 12, and 17) like; ostium bursa bowl shaped; ductus bursae short, tubular; iophaea Meyrick, 1912: 873. Type locality: Sri Lanka corpus bursae long, elliptical, with two spine-like signa. See (Maskeliya). Kawabe (1982: 30, Figure 16) for the external appearance; and iophaea: Clarke, 1958: 523. Komai (1999) for the genitalia of both sexes. Hedya iophaea: Diakonoff, 1973:437. Material examined. 5\, Chungbuk Province, Cheongju, Gaesin- Description. Forewing (Figure 7) length 4.5e5.1 mm, dark brown, dong (N3637039.900 E12727013.900, Alt. 60 m), 19 IV 2007 (S Cho), with bluish-lustrous dots; marginal patch connecting the apex and all preserved in alcohol. middle of the dorsum brown, mottled with purplish gray. Hind Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan, China, Russia (Far East). wing dark brown, paler in basal one third. Host plants. Buds and acorns of Quercus dentata Thunb. and Male genitalia (Figure 12). With uncus linguiform, setose; Q. serrata Thunb. (Fagaceae) (Komai 1999). tegumen narrowly round posteriorly; valva elongate, narrowly Remarks. Komai (1999) divided Pammene into 10 species groups, rounded apically, with dense, long-spiniform setae along the lower and P. nemorosa belongs to the insulana-species group. Park and half from basal one fourth to distal one ninth; a semicircular zone of Ahn (1987) reported P. nemorosa from Korea. This record, howev- strong, spiniform setae at basal one third; small bulge at basal one er, turned out to be a misidentification of Pammene griseana sixth of the saccular margin; phallus short, robust. JC Sohn et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 8 (2015) 133e138 137

Walsingham (Bae and Park 1998). We here confirm the occurrence Clarke JFG. 1958, . Catalogue of type specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British of P. nemorosa from Korea for the first time. Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick, Vol. 3. London: British Museum (Natural History). e Genus Phaecadophora Walsingham, 1900 Danilevsky AS, Kuznetzov VI. 1968. Tortricidae: Laspeyresiini. Fauna USSR 5:1 635 [in Russian]. Phaecadophora Walsingham, 1900: 130. Diakonoff A. 1953, . Microlepidoptera of New Guinea. Results of the third Archbold Type species: Phaecadophora fimbrata Walsingham, 1900. expedition (American-Netherlands Indian Expedition 1938e1939). Part II, Vol. 49. Netherlands: Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. This genus is recorded from Korea for the first time. Phaecadophora pp. 1e166. comprises only two species in the world and belongs to Diakonoff A. 1956. Records and description of Microlepidoptera (8). Zoologische Verhandelingen 29:1e60. . Diakonoff A. 1973. The South Asiatic Olethreutini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Leiden, Phaecadophora fimbrata 가로줄애기잎말이나 Netherlands: E. J. Brill. Walsingham Diakonoff A. 1989. Remarks on Bactra Stephens, with the description of two new 방(신칭) species, from Bahrein and Nepal (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae). Nota (Figures 5 and 13) Lepidopterologica 11:242e250. Phaecadophora fimbrata Walsingham, 1900: 130. Type locality: Fletcher TB, Ghosh CC. 1920. Annotated list of Indian crop pests. Report of the Pro- ceedings of the Third Entomological Meeting. Calcutta, India: Superintendent of Japan (Kyushu,Satsuma). Government Printing. pp. 354e417. Argyroploce metactenis Meyrick, 1909: 597. Type locality: India Frölich FGA. 1828. Enumeratio tortricum Würtembergiae. Dissertatio Inauguralis (Assam). Zoologica quam Consentiente Facultate Gratiosa Medica (Praesid Schübler), Tubingae. pp. 1e102 [in German]. Argyroploce eucrossa Meyrick, 1914: 49. Type locality: Taiwan Ganga Visalakshy PN, Jayanth KP. 2002. Suppressing Cyperus rotundus by (Kozempo). augmentative releases of Bactra venosana. Journal of Biological Control 16: e Argyroploce eaolotechna Meyrick in Caradja and Meyrick, 1935: 85 86. Gilligan TM, Baixeras J, Brown JW, et al. 2010. T@RTS: online world catalogue of the 60. Type locality: China (Lungtan). Tortricidae (Version 1.4.0). Available at: http://www.tortricidae.com/catalogue. Argyroploce leucocteis Diakonoff, 1953: 112. Type locality: New asp [Date accessed: 8 May 2015]. Guinea. Gozmány L. 1960. The results of the zoological collecting trip to Egypt in 1957, of the fi Natural History Museum, Budapest. 8. Egyptian Microlepidoptera II. Annales Eudemis mbriata: Issiki, 1957: 69. Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 52:411e421. Guenée AM. 1845. Essai sur une nouvelle classification des Microlépidoptères et Description. Forewing (Figure 5) length 8.9 mm, dark brown, catalogue des espèces européennes connues jusqu’à ce jour. Annales de la black along the costa, with longitudinal, black streaks between Société Entomologique de France 3 105e192:297e344 [in French]. veins, brownish white streaks along veins, dark brown streaks Haworth AH. 1811. Lepidoptera Britannica; sistens digestionem novam insectorum œ along the discal cell; costal strigulae purplish gray; sinuous, lepidopterorum qu in Magnâ Britanniâ reperiuntur, larvarum pabulo, tempor- eque pascendi; expansione alarum; mensibusque volandi; synonymis atque locis brownish white fascia on CuP fold; tornal patch gray; dorsal patch observationibusque variis. Part 3. London: Veneuntapud J. Murray. dark gray, sharply curved at basal three fourth. Hind wing dark Heinemann HV. 1854. Zehn neue Microlepidoptern. Zeitschrift für Entomologie im e grayish brown, paler to base. Auftrage des Vereins für schlesische Insektenkunde zu Breslau 8:1 7 [in German]. 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