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Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: an Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers Thomas Jeffrey Holt University of Missouri-St
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Missouri, St. Louis University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Dissertations UMSL Graduate Works 11-22-2005 Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers Thomas Jeffrey Holt University of Missouri-St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation Part of the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Holt, Thomas Jeffrey, "Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers" (2005). Dissertations. 616. https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation/616 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the UMSL Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers by THOMAS J. HOLT M.A., Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri- St. Louis, 2003 B.A., Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri- St. Louis, 2000 A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of the UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI- ST. LOUIS In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Criminology and Criminal Justice August, 2005 Advisory Committee Jody Miller, Ph. D. Chairperson Scott H. Decker, Ph. D. G. David Curry, Ph. D. Vicki Sauter, Ph. D. Copyright 2005 by Thomas Jeffrey Holt All Rights Reserved Holt, Thomas, 2005, UMSL, p. -
Group Project
Awareness & Prevention of Black Hat Hackers Mohamed Islam & Yves Francois IASP 470 History on Hacking • Was born in MIT’s Tech Model Railway Club in 1960 • Were considered computer wizards who had a passion for exploring electronic systems • Would examine electronic systems to familiarize themselves with the weaknesses of the system • Had strict ethical codes • As computers became more accessible hackers were replaced with more youthful that did not share the same ethical high ground. Types of Hackers • Script Kiddie: Uses existing computer scripts or code to hack into computers usually lacking the expertise to write their own. Common script kiddie attack is DoSing or DDoSing. • White Hat: person who hacks into a computer network to test or evaluate its security system. They are also known as ethical hackers usually with a college degree in IT security. • Black Hat: Person who hacks into a computer network with malicious or criminal intent. • Grey Hat: This person falls between white and black hat hackers. This is a security expert who may sometimes violate laws or typical ethical standards but does not have the malicious intent associated with a black hat hacker. • Green Hat: Person who is new to the hacking world but is passionate about the craft and works vigorously to excel at it to become a full-blown hacker • Red Hat: Security experts that have a similar agenda to white hat hackers which is stopping black hat hackers. Instead of reporting a malicious attack like a white hat hacker would do they would and believe that they can and will take down the perpretrator. -
Strategic Latency: Red, White, and Blue Managing the National and International Security Consequences of Disruptive Technologies Zachary S
Strategic Latency: Red, White, and Blue Managing the National and International Security Consequences of Disruptive Technologies Zachary S. Davis and Michael Nacht, editors Center for Global Security Research Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory February 2018 Disclaimer: This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, nor any of their employees makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. LLNL-BOOK-746803 Strategic Latency: Red, White, and Blue: Managing the National and International Security Consequences of Disruptive Technologies Zachary S. Davis and Michael Nacht, editors Center for Global Security Research Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory February -
An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers Thomas Jeffrey Holt University of Missouri-St
University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Dissertations UMSL Graduate Works 11-22-2005 Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers Thomas Jeffrey Holt University of Missouri-St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation Part of the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Holt, Thomas Jeffrey, "Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers" (2005). Dissertations. 616. https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation/616 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the UMSL Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hacks, Cracks, and Crime: An Examination of the Subculture and Social Organization of Computer Hackers by THOMAS J. HOLT M.A., Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri- St. Louis, 2003 B.A., Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Missouri- St. Louis, 2000 A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of the UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI- ST. LOUIS In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Criminology and Criminal Justice August, 2005 Advisory Committee Jody Miller, Ph. D. Chairperson Scott H. Decker, Ph. D. G. David Curry, Ph. D. Vicki Sauter, Ph. D. Copyright 2005 by Thomas Jeffrey Holt All Rights Reserved Holt, Thomas, 2005, UMSL, p. ii ABSTRACT This dissertation examines both the subculture and social organization practices of computer hackers. The concept of normative orders (Herbert, 1998: 347) is used to explore hacker subculture in different contexts. -
Building Hacker Collective Identity One Text Phile at a Time: Reading Phrack
Media History Monographs 11:2 (2008-2009) ISSN 1940-8862 Building Hacker Collective Identity One Text Phile at a Time: Reading Phrack Brett Lunceford University of South Alabama Research concerning computer hackers generally focuses on how to stop them; far less attention is given to the texts they create. Phrack, an online hacker journal that has run almost continuously since 1985, is an important touchstone in hacker literature, widely read by both hackers and telephone and network security professionals. But beyond its instantiation as a compendium of illicit technical knowledge, Phrack was, above all, a rhetorical publication. The files in each issue of Phrack created a shared rhetorical vision concerning the place of the hacker underground within society and in relation to law enforcement officials, as well as what it means to be a hacker. This essay examines two important events in the evolution of the hacker movement through the lens of Phrack—Operation Sundevil and the arrest of Kevin Mitnick. How these events were framed in Phrack both shaped and reflected emerging shifts in hacker collective identity. ©2009 Brett Lunceford Media History Monographs 11:2 Lunceford: Reading Phrack Building Hacker Collective Identity One Text Phile at a Time: Reading Phrack Stephen Segaller describes the formation of Managers that Helps Protect Corporate Data the Internet as “one of the twentieth century’s from Assaults by the Hackers” and “The most productive accidents,” explaining that the World of Data Confronts the Joy of Hacking,” “seeds of the Internet were planted by the U.S. which begins, “The recent electronic government in the wake of nationwide concern escapades of a group of Milwaukee youths over the Soviet launch of Sputnik.”44 Hackers have brought national attention to the growing were an integral part of the construction of this problem of computer security,”47 demonstrate network. -
Evolution of Cyber Security Invotra
Evolution of cyber security Invotra Digital Workplace, Intranet and Extranet 700 bc Scytale used by Greece and Rome to send messages And kids ever since.. Image Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Skytale.png 1467 Alberti Cipher was impossible to break without knowledge of the method. This was because the frequency distribution of the letters was masked and frequency analysis - the only known technique for attacking ciphers at that time was no help. Image Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alberti_cipher_disk.JPG 1797 The Jefferson disk, or wheel cypher as Thomas Jefferson named it, also known as the Bazeries Cylinder. It is a cipher system using a set of wheels or disks, each with the 26 letters of the alphabet arranged around their edge. Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_disk#/media/File:Jefferson%27s_disk_cipher.jpg 1833 Augusta Ada King-Noel, Countess of Lovelace was an English mathematician and writer, chiefly known for her work on Charles Babbage's proposed mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine. She is widely seen as the world's first programmer Image Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ada_Lovelace_portrait.jpg 1903 Magician and inventor Nevil Maskelyne interrupted John Ambrose Fleming's public demonstration of Marconi's purportedly secure wireless telegraphy technology. He sent insulting Morse code messages through the auditorium's projector. Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevil_Maskelyne_(magician)#/media/File:Nevil_Maskelyne_circa_190 3.jpg 1918 The Enigma Machine. It was developed by Arthur Scherbius in 1918 and adopted by the German government and the nazi party Image Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kriegsmarine_Enigma.png 1932 Polish cryptologists Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Różycki broke the Enigma machine code. -
Android™ Hacker's Handbook
ffi rs.indd 01:50:14:PM 02/28/2014 Page ii Android™ Hacker’s Handbook ffi rs.indd 01:50:14:PM 02/28/2014 Page i ffi rs.indd 01:50:14:PM 02/28/2014 Page ii Android™ Hacker’s Handbook Joshua J. Drake Pau Oliva Fora Zach Lanier Collin Mulliner Stephen A. Ridley Georg Wicherski ffi rs.indd 01:50:14:PM 02/28/2014 Page iii Android™ Hacker’s Handbook Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana ISBN: 978-1-118-60864-7 ISBN: 978-1-118-60861-6 (ebk) ISBN: 978-1-118-92225-5 (ebk) Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or autho- rization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifi cally disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fi tness for a particular purpose. -
The Role of White Hat Hackers in Information Security Amit Anand Jagnarine Pace University
Pace University DigitalCommons@Pace Honors College Theses Pforzheimer Honors College 8-24-2005 The Role of White Hat Hackers in Information Security Amit Anand Jagnarine Pace University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/honorscollege_theses Part of the Other Computer Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Jagnarine, Amit Anand, "The Role of White Hat Hackers in Information Security" (2005). Honors College Theses. Paper 14. http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/honorscollege_theses/14 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Pforzheimer Honors College at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Role of White Hat Hackers in Information Security Amit Anand Jagnarine Pace University Phorziemer’s Honors College Thesis Paper Due Date: 16 May 2005 2 The Role of White Hat Hackers in Information Security Information security has become one of the most important concepts in our information and technology driven world. Because of this notion of ubiquitous computing and the on-demand flow and exchange of information, it becomes essential to protect and secure any and all critical information. Information security involves employing certain techniques and components to protect interconnected systems and more importantly, the data and information used by those systems. It revolves around maintaining three basic characteristics of information—confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The goal of information system security has now been augmented by what is known as “white hat” hacking. White hat hacking is an interesting development in the fight against keeping the bad guys out and securing sensitive information. -
Blue Pill – Creating Undetectable Malware on X64 Using Pacifica Technology
Subverting VistaTM Kernel For Fun And Profit Joanna Rutkowska Advanced Malware Labs SyScan’06 July 21st, 2006, Singapore & Black Hat Briefings 2006 August 3rd, 2006, Las Vegas About this presentation This presentation is based on the research done exclusively for COSEINC Research This presentation has been first presented at SyScan conference in Singapore, on July 21st, 2006 © COSEINC Research, Advanced Malware Labs, 2006 2 Content Part I loading unsigned code into Vista Beta 2 kernel (x64) without reboot Part II Blue Pill – creating undetectable malware on x64 using Pacifica technology © COSEINC Research, Advanced Malware Labs, 2006 3 Part I – getting into the kernel Signed Drivers in Vista x64 All kernel mode drivers must be signed Vista allows to load only signed code into kernel Even administrator can not load unsigned module! This is to prevent kernel malware and anti-DRM Mechanism can be deactivated by: attaching Kernel Debugger (reboot required) Using F8 during boot (reboot required) using BCDEdit (reboot required, will not be available in later Vista versions) This protection has been for the first time implemented in Vista Beta 2 build 5384. © COSEINC Research, Advanced Malware Labs, 2006 5 How to bypass? Vista allows usermode app to get raw access to disk CreateFile(\\.\C:) CreateFile(\\.\PHYSICALDRIVE0)) This allows us to read and write disk sectors which are occupied by the pagefile So, we can modify the contents of the pagefile, which may contain the code and data of the paged kernel drivers! No undocumented functionality required – all documented in SDK :) © COSEINC Research, Advanced Malware Labs, 2006 6 Challenges How to make sure that the specific kernel code is paged out to the pagefile? How to find that code inside pagefile? How to cause the code (now modified) to be loaded into kernel again? How to make sure this new code is executed by kernel? © COSEINC Research, Advanced Malware Labs, 2006 7 How to force drivers to be paged? Allocate *lots of* memory for a process (e.g. -
Book Note the Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier
Volume 6, Spring Issue, 1993 BOOK NOTE THE HACKER CRACKDOWN: LAW AND DISORDER ON THE ELECTRONIC FRONTIER By Bruce Sterling. New York, New York: Bantam Books. 1992. Pp. 328. $23.00 (hard). In 1989 and 1990, federal and state agents across the United States cracked down on the nation's computer undergrotmd. The most ambitious offensive, Operation Sundevil, resulted in the seizure of forty-two computer systems and 23,000 floppy disks in cities from New York to Los Angeles (pp. 156-59). The Chicago Computer Fraud and Abuse Task Force conducted ten hacker raids in 1989 and 1990. These actions brought to the national spotlight numerous concerns about privacy and freedom in the electronic arena. In The Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier, Bruce Sterling colorfully describes the personalities and institutions behind the "great hacker dragnet of 1990" (p. 24). He approaches this subject by focusing on the four principal factions that participated in the crackdown: hackers, telecommunications companies ("telcos" like AT&T, MCI and Sprint), law enforcement officials, and civil libertarians (who rushed to the scene in the crackdown's wake). Relying on personal interviews and extensive field research, Sterling presents the problems and concerns faced by each group. He concludes with a glowing description of the First Confercnce on Computers, Freedom and Privacy, at which representatives from these mutually suspicious factions gathered and, in true League of Nations fashion, celebrated a newfound understanding. Sterling's perspective as a science fiction writer gives him unique insight into the psyche of the computer hacker.l Unlike other popular accounts, Sterling's does not depict hackers as twisted geniuses bent on crashing telephone systems and stealing missile-launch sequences. -
Page 1 of 3 12.1.2004
Page 1 of 3 ==Phrack Inc.== Volume Two, Issue 23, File 2 of 12 ==Phrack Pro-Phile XXIII== Created and Written by Taran King Done on January 18, 1989 Welcome to Phrack Pro-Phile XXII. Phrack Pro-Phile was created to bring information to you, the community, about retired or highly important/ controversial people. This issue, we bring you a user and sysop having great contributions through his boards, articles published, and general phreak/hack activity... The Mentor ~~~~~~~~~~ Handle: The Mentor Call Him: Loyd Past Handles: An article for Phrack written as The Neuromancer for (then present) security reasons. Handle Origin: The Grey Lensman series by E.E. 'Doc' Smith Date Of Birth: 1965 Current Age: 23 Height: 5' 10" Weight: 200 lbs. Eye Color: Brown Hair Color: Brown Computers: (In order of owning...) TRS-80, Apple //e, Amiga 1000, PC/AT Sysop: The Phoenix Project (512-441-3088) Origins in Phreak/Hack World: When he was 13, a friend's father who was a professor at a local university gave him accounts to use on one of the PDP 11/70s at the school. This was his first introduction to mainframes, and he was hooked. He continued to use the University's equipment through junior high and high school, upgrading to a DEC-10 and then finally a VAX 8600. Needless to say, since he wasn't a student, acquiring accounts to use was sometimes tricky, so he began to write fake front ends, trojan horses, and other hacker utilities. Loyd's interest in hacking grew from this to the point where he wanted to get into *everything* instead of just his local systems. -
The Hacker Crackdown
LITERARY FREEWARE — Not for Commercial Use by Bruce Sterling <[email protected]> Sideways PDF version 0.1 by E-Scribe <[email protected]> C O N T E N T S Preface to the Electronic Release of The Hacker Crackdown Chronology of the Hacker Crackdown Introduction Part 1: CRASHING THE SYSTEM A Brief History of Telephony / Bell's Golden Vaporware / Universal Service / Wild Boys and Wire Women / The Electronic Communities / The Ungentle Giant / The Breakup / In Defense of the System / The Crash Post- Mortem / Landslides in Cyberspace Part 2: THE DIGITAL UNDERGROUND Steal This Phone / Phreaking and Hacking / The View From Under the Floorboards / Boards: Core of the Underground / Phile Phun / The Rake's Progress / Strongholds of the Elite / Sting Boards / Hot Potatoes / War on the Legion / Terminus / Phile 9-1-1 / War Games / Real Cyberpunk Part 3: LAW AND ORDER Crooked Boards / The World's Biggest Hacker Bust / Teach Them a Lesson / The U.S. Secret Service / The Secret Service Battles the Boodlers / A Walk Downtown / FCIC: The Cutting-Edge Mess / Cyberspace Rangers / FLETC: Training the Hacker-Trackers Part 4: THE CIVIL LIBERTARIANS NuPrometheus + FBI = Grateful Dead / Whole Earth + Computer Revolution = WELL / Phiber Runs Underground and Acid Spikes the Well / The Trial of Knight Lightning / Shadowhawk Plummets to Earth / Kyrie in the Confessional / $79,499 / A Scholar Investigates / Computers, Freedom, and Privacy Electronic Afterwordto *The Hacker Crackdown,* New Years' Day 1994 BRUCE STERLING — THE HACKER CRACKDOWN NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE 2 Preface to the Electronic Release of The Hacker Crackdown January 1, 1994 — Austin, Texas Hi, I'm Bruce Sterling, the author of this electronic book.