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Sandakania G CONTENTS Page A. Lamb, A. Gavrus, B. Emoi & L. Gokusing The Hoyas of Sabah, A Commentary with Seven New Species and a New Subspecies ...... 1 SANDAKANIA G. Argent, A. Lamb & T. Conlon Additional Notes on Diplycosia mantorii Argent (Ericaceae) Endemic to Sabah ............. 91 No. 19 April, 2014 Front cover: Hoya sammanniana, close-up of the bell-shaped flower, this species was discovered A journal of plant systematics, morphology and natural history in the Sg. Paitan Valley, Sabah. Photo: A. Lamb. published by the Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia ISSN 0128-5939 SANDAKANIA SANDAKANIA An occasional journal of plant systematics, morphology and natural history Intending contributors should send their submissions to the Editor or Co-editor. published by the Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia Manuscripts should be typed or printed on A4 paper, with double-line spacing, and should include a summary for each title. The text need not conform to any special structure but all figures and tables should be submitted on separate sheets, clearly marked. References should be cited as “Primack (1984)” or “(Primack 1984)” in the text and listed at the end as “Primack, R.B. (1984) Moraceae trees in the religious life of Borneo people. Sarawak Museum Journal (New Editorial Committee Series) 33 (54): 69–74”. Journal or book names should not be abbreviated in the manuscript. Original artwork and transparencies should not be sent — instead, good copies of these should Chairman, Robert C. Ong be forwarded, unless otherwise requested. Editor, John B. Sugau Assistant editors, Joan T. Pereira Manuscripts cannot be returned. Material published may be freely reproduced with Arthur Y.C. Chung acknowledgement, unless special copyright has been indicated. Production Manager, C.L. Chan For each paper published, 25 copies of the work will be made available without charge for the Advisors use of the author(s) when published. Y.F. Lee (Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Malaysia) K.M. Wong (Botanic Gardens, Singapore) Mohamed Abdul Majid, Haji (University of Brunei Darussalam, Brunei) Todd J. Barkman (Western Michigan University, USA) Communications addresses Robert C. Ong, Forest Research Centre, Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (Fax 6089-531068, email [email protected]) John B. Sugau, Forest Research Centre, Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (Fax 6089-531068, email [email protected]) Joan T. Pereira, Forest Research Centre, Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (Fax 6089-531068, email [email protected]) Date of publication 21 April 2014 SANDAKANIA SANDAKANIA An occasional journal of plant systematics, morphology and natural history Intending contributors should send their submissions to the Editor or Co-editor. published by the Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia Manuscripts should be typed or printed on A4 paper, with double-line spacing, and should include a summary for each title. The text need not conform to any special structure but all figures and tables should be submitted on separate sheets, clearly marked. References should be cited as “Primack (1984)” or “(Primack 1984)” in the text and listed at the end as “Primack, R.B. (1984) Moraceae trees in the religious life of Borneo people. Sarawak Museum Journal (New Editorial Committee Series) 33 (54): 69–74”. Journal or book names should not be abbreviated in the manuscript. Original artwork and transparencies should not be sent — instead, good copies of these should Chairman, Robert C. Ong be forwarded, unless otherwise requested. Editor, John B. Sugau Assistant editors, Joan T. Pereira Manuscripts cannot be returned. Material published may be freely reproduced with Arthur Y.C. Chung acknowledgement, unless special copyright has been indicated. Production Manager, C.L. Chan For each paper published, 25 copies of the work will be made available without charge for the Advisors use of the author(s) when published. Y.F. Lee (Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Malaysia) K.M. Wong (Botanic Gardens, Singapore) Mohamed Abdul Majid, Haji (University of Brunei Darussalam, Brunei) Todd J. Barkman (Western Michigan University, USA) Communications addresses Robert C. Ong, Forest Research Centre, Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (Fax 6089-531068, email [email protected]) John B. Sugau, Forest Research Centre, Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (Fax 6089-531068, email [email protected]) Joan T. Pereira, Forest Research Centre, Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia (Fax 6089-531068, email [email protected]) Date of publication 21 April 2014 SANDAKANIA No. 19 April, 2014 CONTENTS Page A. Lamb, A. Gavrus, B. Emoi & L. Gokusing The Hoyas of Sabah, A Commentary with Seven New Species and a New Subspecies ..... 1 G. Argent, A. Lamb & T. Conlon Additional Notes on Diplycosia mantorii Argent (Ericaceae) Endemic to Sabah ............. 91 SANDAKANIA 19 (2014): 1–89 The Hoyas of Sabah, A Commentary with Seven New Species and a New Subspecies A. Lamb1, A. Gavrus2, B. Emoi3 & L. Gokusing4 1 P.O. Box 10960, 88810 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. 2 au 10 allee des Charmilles, 76960 Notre Dame De Bondeville, France. [email protected] 3 Kingfisher Park 2, Lorong Raja Udang 14, House 51, Likas, 88450 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. 4 Kipandi Park, P.O. Box 12785, 88831 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Summary. The genus Hoya R.Br. has about 200 recognised species. There are however, more than 500 species names in The International Plant Names Index (IPNI), with many new species described from Borneo over the past ten years. Based on fieldwork and studies of living collections over the last ten years, it would appear that there are now about 60–70 species in Sabah alone, including the seven new species and one new subspecies described in this paper, with further species still to be assessed. The new species described here add many unusual features compared to other described species in the genus, and so they provide important details for a fuller understanding of the diversity of species in the genus, contributing valuable information towards the future sub-division of the genus into sections, and once molecular work is done to place them into the appropriate clades. The seven new species and one new subspecies are Hoya benchaii, H. chewiorum, H. hamiltoniorum, H. kipandiensis, H. linusii, H. retrorsa, H. sammannaniana and H. sigillatis ssp. paitanensis. 1 The State of Sabah in Malaysia, which forms just under 10% of the area of the northern part of the island of Borneo (73,619 km2 out of 746,000 km2 for the whole of Borneo) has, based on specimens in the Sandakan Herbarium of the Forest Research Centre (SAN) and Sabah Parks Herbarium (SNP), and several living collections, especially at Kipandi Park, an estimated 60–70 species, many of which remain unnamed. Seven of these species and one subspecies are named in this paper, with more expected as studies progress. Considering that there are more than 500 species names under Hoya in the International Plant Names Index (2014), it is reasonable to expect that a comprehensive assessment of the diversity will take some time. We therefore include various commentaries and ecological observations that, hopefully, will provide as much information as possible on this interesting genus. In the last ten years after setting up a collection of 25 species of native Hoya at the Agricultural Park in Tenom, Sabah, at 200 m altitude, further interest in the native species of Sabah resulted in descriptions of several new Bornean species by Green (2001, 2004) and Kloppenburg (2001, 2002). The much larger collection at Kipandi Park at 700 m in the Crocker Range was established by Linus Gokusing over the last six years. Because of the cooler temperature, more hill and montane species were established and studied. It was earlier thought that there were thirty species in Sabah, however, Kipandi Park now has a collection of over sixty species, many probably undescribed, and including the seven new species and one new subspecies described in this paper. The Forest Research Centre at Sepilok also maintains a further living collection of lowland native Hoya at its Rainforest Discovery Centre. The ‘wax’ or ‘porcelain’ flowers, or ‘milkweeds’, as hoyas are often referred to, are now popular indoor plants, grown in many countries, especially in Europe (particularly Sweden), North America and Australia, where many Hoya societies have been formed. More recently, they have become popular for planting both in gardens, and as house plants, in Asia. The genus was named after Thomas Hoy by Robert Brown (1810), with H. carnosa (L.f.) R.Br. as the type. Hoy was, at the time, the gardener at Syon Park, near Kew Gardens in England, where he looked after a large collection of tropical plants in the glasshouses of the Duke of Northumberland. The measurements for the description of the new species here are taken from cultivated plants grown from material established at Kipandi Park (Kipandi Butterfly Park and Native Plant Gardens) in Sabah. The type specimens were subsequently collected from these cultivated plants, and deposited with the herbaria of the Forest Research Centre at Sandakan and the Sabah Parks. At present, molecular work is ongoing to delimit Hoya as a monophyletic genus distinct from its closest relatives in the tribe Marsdenieae (Wanntorp et al. 2006a & b, Wanntorp & 2 Forster 2007, Wanntorp & Kunze 2009, and Wanntorp & Meve 2011). However, additional molecular sampling is still needed for many of the 200 or more recognised species. Because of this, and the fact that previous classifications of Hoya were based on morphological characters (Burton 1985, 1995 & 1996) that may not have been comprehensively studied, we do not attempt to place any of these new species into a sectional classification.
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