Gender, Race, and Class in Media a Critical Reader
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GENDER, RACE, AND CLASS IN MEDIA A CRITICAL READER 2Q GAIL DINES o Wheelock College b JEAN M. HUMEZ UJ University of Massachusetts, Boston Los Angeles I London I New Delhi Singapore I Washington DC TENTS Preface to the Third Edition XI Acknowledgments xv PART I. A CULTURAL STUDIES APPROACH TO MEDIA: THEORY 1 1. Cultural Studies, Multiculturalism, and Media Culture 7 Douglas Kellner 2. The State of Media Ownership and Media Markets: Competition or Concentration and Why Should We Care? 19 Dwayne Winseck 3. The Meaning of Memory: Family, Class, and Ethnicity in Early Network Television Programs 25 George Lipsitz 4. Hegemony 33 James Lull 5. Extreme Makeover: Home Edition: An American Fairy Tale 37 Gareth Palmer 6. Women Read the Romance: The Interaction of Text and Context 45 Janice Radway 7. Star Trek Rerun, Reread, Rewritten: Fan Writing as Textual Poaching 57 Henry Jenkins lIT PART II. REPRESENTATIONS OF GENDER, RACE, AND CLASS 67 8. Hetero Barbie? 71 Mary F. Rogers 9. Sex and the City: Carrie Bradshaw's Queer Postfeminism 75 Jane Gerhard 10. The Whites of Their Eyes: Racist Ideologies and the Media 81 Stuart Hall 11. Pornographic Eroticism and Sexual Grotesquerie in Representations of African American Sportswomen 85 James McKay and Helen Johnson 12. What Does Race Have to Do With Ugly Betty? An Analysis of Privilege and Postracial(?) Representation on a Television Sitcom 95 Jennifer Esposito 13. Ralph, Fred, Archie, Homer, and the King of Queens: Why Television Keeps Re-Creating the Male Working-Class Buffoon 101 Richard Butsch PART III. READING MEDIA TEXTS CRITICALLY 111 14. Television's "New" Feminism: Prime-Time Representations of Women and Victimization 115 Lisa M. Cuklanz and Sujata Moorti 15. Mother of the Year: Kathy Hilton, Lynne Spears, Dina Lohan, and Bad Celebrity Motherhood 127 Shelley Cobb 16. More Than Baby Mamas: Black Mothers and Hip-Hop Feminism 137 Marlo David Azikwe 17. Political Culture Jamming: The Dissident Humor of The Daily Show With Jon Stewart 145 Jamie Warner 18. Educating The Simpsons: Teaching Queer Representations in Contemporary Visual Media 155 Gilad Padva 19. "Sexy Like a Girl and Horny Like a Boy": Contemporary Gay "Western" Narratives About Gay Asian Men 163 Chong-suk Han 20. When in Rome: Heterosexism, Homophobia, and Sports Talk Radio 171 David Nylund 21. Disability, Gender, and Difference on The Sopranos 185 Kathleen LeBesco PART IV. ADVERTISING AND CONSUMER CULTURE 195 22. Image-Based Culture: Advertising and Popular Culture 199 SutJhally 23. The New Politics of Consumption: Why Americans Want So Much More Than They Need 205 Juliet Schor 24. Reaching African American Consumers: African American Shopping Behavior 213 Barbara Mueller 25. Inventing the Cosmo Girl: Class Identity and Girl-Style American Dreams 221 Laurie Ouellette 26. Sex, Lies, and Advertising 235 Gloria Steinem 27. Unraveling the Knot: Political Economy and Cultural Hegemony in Wedding Media 243 Erika Engstrom 28. Supersexualize Me! Advertising and the "Midriffs" 255 Rosalind Gill 29. Advertising and the Construction of Violent White Masculinity: From BMWs to Bud Light 261 Jackson Katz PART V. REPRESENTING SEXUALITIES 271 30. White Man's Burden: Gonzo Pornography and the Construction of Black Masculinity 275 Gail Dines 31. No Money Shot? Commerce, Pornography, and New Sex Taste Cultures 283 Feona Attwood 32. "That's So Fun": Selling Pornography for Men to Women in The Girls Next Door 293 Karen Boyle 33. One Night in Paris (Hilton): Wealth, Celebrity, and the Politics of Humiliation 301 Thomas Fahy 34. The Pornography of Everyday Life 307 Jane Caputi 35. "There Are Bitches and Hoes" 321 Tricia Rose 36. Three Faces of Eva: Perpetuation of the Hot-Latina Stereotype in Desperate Housewives 327 Debra Merskin 37. The Limitations of the Discourse of Norms: Gay Visibility and Degrees of Transgression 335 Jay Clarkson 38. "This is the Way We Live ... and Love!": Feeding on and Still Hungering for Lesbian Representation in The L Word 337 Marnie Pratt PARTVI. GROWING UP WITH CONTEMPORARYMEDIA 349 39. The Future of Childhood in the Global TelevisionMarket 355 Dafna Lemish 40. From Tony the Tiger to Slime Time Live: The Content of Commercial Images in Children's Advertising 365 Juliet B. Schor 41. La Princesa Plastica: Hegemonic and Oppositional Representations of Latinidad in Hispanic Barbie 375 Karen Goldman 42. Monarchs, Monsters, and Multiculturalism: Disney's Menu for Global Hierarchy 383 Lee Artz 43. Constructing the "New Ethnicities": Media, Sexuality, and Diaspora Identity in the Lives of South Asian Immigrant Girls 389 Meenakshi Gigi Durham 44. HIV on TV: Conversations With Young Gay Men 399 Kathleen P. Farrell 45. Why Youth (Heart) Social Network Sites: The Role of Networked Publics in Teenage Social Life 409 danah boyd 46. Born to Be Wired 419 Kathryn C. Montgomery 47. Video Games and Machine Dreams of Domination 427 John Sanbonmatsu 48. Strategic Simulations and Our Past: The Bias of Computer Games in the Presentation of History 437 Kevin Schut 49. "You Play Like a Girl": Cross-Gender Competition and the Uneven Playing Field 443 Elena Bertozzi PARTVII. ISTV FOR REAL? 455 50. Marketing "Reality" to the World: Suroivor, Post-Fordism, and Reality Television 459 Chris jordan 51. The Political Economy of Amateurism 467 Andrew Ross 52. Critiquing Reality-Based Televisual Black Fatherhood: A Critical Analysis of Run's House and Snoop Dogg's Father Hood 469 Debra C. Smith 53. Disciplining the Housewife in Desperate Housewives and Domestic Reality Television 481 Sharon Sharp 54. "Take Responsibility for Yourself": Judge Judy and the Neoliberal Citizen 487 Laurie Ouellette 55. The Anxieties of the Enterprising Self and the Limits of Mind Cure in the Age of Oprah 497 janice Peck 56. Television and the Domestication of Cosmetic Surgery 509 Sue Tait 57. "Tyra Banks Is Fat": Reading (Post-) Racism and (Post-) Feminism in the New Millennium 519 Ralina L. joseph 58. Resisting, Reiterating, and Dancing Through: The Swinging Closet Doors of Ellen DeGeneres's Televised Personalities 531 Candace Moore PARTVIII. INTERACTIVITY,VIRTUALCOMMUNITY, AND FANDOM 541 59. Pop Cosmopolitanism: Mapping Cultural Flows in an Age of Convergence 545 Henry jenkins III 60. Reading the Romance of Fan Cultural Production: Music Videos of a Television Lesbian Couple 553 EveNg 61. "Don't Hate the Player, Hate the Game": The Racialization of Labor in World of War craft 563 Lisa Nakamura 62. Sex Lives in Second Life 571 Robert Alan Brookey and Kristopher L. Cannon 63. From Smart Fan to Backyard Wrestler: Performance, Context, and Aesthetic Violence 583 Lawrence B. McBride and S. Elizabeth Bird 64. Accidental Activists: Fan Activism in the Soap Opera Community 591 Melissa C. Scardaville 65. Insiders-Outsiders: Dr. Laura and the Contest for Cultural Authority in LGBT Media Activism 601 Vincent Doyle Alternative Contents Index 613 A List of Resources and Media Activist Organizations 617 Glossary 623 Author Index 633 Subject Index 645 About the Editors 661 About the Contributors 663.