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Vegetation, Floristic Composition and Species Diversity in a Tropical Mountain Nature Reserve in Southern Yunnan, SW China, with Implications for Conservation
Mongabay.com Open Access Journal - Tropical Conservation Science Vol.8 (2): 528-546, 2015 Research Article Vegetation, floristic composition and species diversity in a tropical mountain nature reserve in southern Yunnan, SW China, with implications for conservation Hua Zhu*, Chai Yong, Shisun Zhou, Hong Wang and Lichun Yan Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xue-Fu Road 88, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, P. R. China Tel.: 0086-871-65171169; Fax: 0086-871-65160916 *Corresponding author: H. Zhu, e-mail [email protected]; Fax no.: 86-871-5160916 Abstract Complete floristic and vegetation surveys were done in a newly established nature reserve on a tropical mountain in southern Yunnan. Three vegetation types in three altitudinal zones were recognized: a tropical seasonal rain forest below 1,100 m; a lower montane evergreen broad- leaved forest at 1,100-1,600 m; and a montane rain forest above 1,600 m. A total of 1,657 species of seed plants in 758 genera and 146 families were recorded from the nature reserve. Tropical families (61%) and genera (81%) comprise the majority of the flora, and tropical Asian genera make up the highest percentage, showing the close affinity of the flora with the tropical Asian (Indo-Malaysia) flora, despite the high latitude (22N). Floristic changes with altitude are conspicuous. The transition from lowland tropical seasonal rain forest dominated by mixed tropical families to lower montane forest dominated by Fagaceae and Lauraceae occurs at 1,100-1,150 m. Although the middle montane forests above 1,600 m have ‘oak-laurel’ assemblage characteristics, the temperate families Magnoliaceae and Cornaceae become dominant. -
The Use of Barcoding Sequences for the Construction of Phylogenetic Relationships in the Euphorbiaceae
University of Padova Department of Land, Environment Agriculture and Forestry MSc in Mediterranean Forestry and Natural Resources Management The use of barcoding sequences for the construction of phylogenetic relationships in the Euphorbiaceae Supervisor: Alessandro Vannozzi Co-supervisor: Prof. Dr. Oliver Gailing Submitted by: Bikash Kharel Matriculation No. 1177536 ACADEMIC YEAR 2017/2018 Acknowledgments This dissertation has come to this positive end through the collective efforts of several people and organizations: from rural peasants to highly academic personnel and institutions around the world. Without their mental, physical and financial support this research would not have been possible. I would like to express my gratitude to all of them who were involved directly or indirectly in this endeavor. To all of them, I express my deep appreciation. Firstly, I am thankful to Prof. Dr. Oliver Gailing for providing me the opportunity to conduct my thesis on this topic. I greatly appreciate my supervisor Alessandro Vannozzi for providing the vision regarding Forest Genetics and DNA barcoding. My cordial thanks and heartfelt gratitude goes to him whose encouragements, suggestions and comments made this research possible to shape in this form. I am also thankful to Prof. Dr. Konstantin V. Krutovsky for his guidance in each and every step of this research especially helping me with the CodonCode software and reviewing the thesis. I also want to thank Erasmus Mundus Programme for providing me with a scholarship for pursuing Master’s degree in Mediterranean Forestry and Natural Resources Management (MEDFOR) course. Besides this, I would like to thank all my professors who broadened my knowledge during the period of my study in University of Lisbon and University of Padova. -
Terminalia L
KFRI Research Report No. 515 ISSN 0970-8103 Seed ecological and regeneration studies on keystone tree species of the evergreen and moist deciduous forest ecosystems (Final Report of Project No. KFRI RP 627.3/2011) P.K. Chandrasekhara Pillai V.B. Sreekumar K.A. Sreejith G.E. Mallikarjunaswami Kerala Forest Research Institute (An Institution of Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment) Peechi 680 653, Thrissur, Kerala, India June 2016 PROJECT PARTICULARS Project No. : KFRI RP 627.3/2011 Title : Seed ecological and regeneration studies on keystone tree species of the evergreen and moist deciduous forest ecosystems Principal Investigator : Dr. P. K. Chandrasekhara Pillai Associate Investigators : Dr. V. B. Sreekumar Dr. K. A. Sreejith Dr. G. E. Mallikarjunaswami Research Fellow : Mrs. M. M. Sowmya (2011-12) Miss. M. R. Sruthi (2012-14) Objectives : To assess seed ecology and regeneration status of major keystone tree species in the permanent plots Duration : August 2011 - March 2014 Funding Agency : KFRI Plan Grant i CONTENTS Acknowledgements …………………………………………………iii Abstract ……………………………………………………………..iv 1. Introduction ……………………………………………………… 1 2. Materials and Methods …………………………………………....3 3. Results and Discussion ………………………………………........7 3.1. Study sites in evergreen forests ………………………………. 8 3.2. Study sites in moist deciduous forests ………………………. 15 3.3. Study sites in shola forests …………………………………... 17 4. Conclusions ……………………………………………………... 19 5. References ………………………………………………………. 20 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The study was made possible by the financial assistance from Kerala Forest Research Institutes Plan Grant. We express our deep sense of gratitude and thanks to the KFRI for awarding the grant. We extend sincere thanks to the officials of the Kerala Forest Department for providing necessary permissions and support to carry out the study. -
Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem
Check List 9(2): 186–207, 2013 © 2013 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir PECIES S OF Mandar Nilkanth Datar 1* and P. Lakshminarasimhan 2 ISTS L (Molem) National Park, Goa, India *1 CorrespondingAgharkar Research author Institute, E-mail: G. [email protected] G. Agarkar Road, Pune - 411 004. Maharashtra, India. 2 Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, P. O. Botanic Garden, Howrah - 711 103. West Bengal, India. Abstract: Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem) National Park, the only National park in Goa, was evaluated for it’s diversity of Angiosperms. A total number of 721 wild species belonging to 119 families were documented from this protected area of which 126 are endemics. A checklist of these species is provided here. Introduction in the National Park are Laterite and Deccan trap Basalt Protected areas are most important in many ways for (Naik, 1995). Soil in most places of the National Park area conservation of biodiversity. Worldwide there are 102,102 is laterite of high and low level type formed by natural Protected Areas covering 18.8 million km2 metamorphosis and degradation of undulation rocks. network of 660 Protected Areas including 99 National Minerals like bauxite, iron and manganese are obtained Parks, 514 Wildlife Sanctuaries, 43 Conservation. India Reserves has a from these soils. The general climate of the area is tropical and 4 Community Reserves covering a total of 158,373 km2 with high percentage of humidity throughout the year. -
Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential and Antimicrobial Studies of Bark of Medicinal Plant, Mallotus Tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 6(38), pp. 5156-5165, 3 October, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR DOI: 10.5897/JMPR12.470 ISSN 1996-0875 ©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Evaluation of antioxidant potential and antimicrobial studies of bark of medicinal plant, Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz. Ramalakshmi S. and Muthuchelian K.* Department of Bioenergy, School of Energy, Environment and Natural Resources, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai–625 021, India. Accepted 9 May, 2012 The present study was aimed to investigate the total phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of the bark extract of Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz. Total phenols, flavonoids and carotenoids in the extract were found to be 55.35 ± 0.13 mg GAE, 260.3053 ± 1.413 mg QE and 0.182 ± 0.005 mg/g, respectively. The reducing power and metal chelating activity of the bark extract was said to be increasing with increasing concentration. The metal chelating activity (IC 50 ) of the M. tetracoccus bark extract was found to be 647.4 ± 0.321 µg/ml, which was higher compared to the standard, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA; 1.89 ± 0.03 µg/ml). Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. The antioxidant activity (IC 50 ) of the bark extract was said to be 0.504 ± 0.002 µg/ml by (DPPH) method. The total antioxidant activity of M. tetracoccus ethanolic bark extract was found to be 275.21 ± 0.21 mg equivalent of ascorbic acid/100 g of plant extract as determined by phosphomolybdenum method. -
Arborescent Angiosperms of Mundanthurai Range in The
Check List 8(5): 951–962, 2012 © 2012 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Arborescent Angiosperms of Mundanthurai Range in PECIES S the Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR) of the OF southern Western Ghats, India ISTS L Paulraj Selva Singh Richard 1* and Selvaraj Abraham Muthukumar 2 1 Madras Christian College, Department of Botany, Chennai – 600 059, Tamil Nadu, India. 2 St. John’s College, Department of Botany, Tirunelveli, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India. [email protected] * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: The present study was carried out to document the diversity of arborescent angiosperm taxa of Mundanthurai representingRange in the 175Kalakad-Mundanthurai genera in 65 families Tiger were Reserve recorded. (KMTR) The most of the speciose southern families Western are Euphorbiaceae Ghats in India. (27 During spp.), the Rubiaceae floristic survey carried out from January 2008 to December 2010, a total of 247 species and intraspecific taxa of trees and shrubs to this region which includes Agasthiyamalaia pauciflora, Elaeocarpus venustus, Garcinia travancorica, Gluta travancorica, (17Goniothalamus spp.), Myrtaceae rhynchantherus, (14 spp.), Lauraceae Homalium (13 travancoricum, spp.) and Annonaceae Homaium (11 jainii, spp.). OropheaOf the 247 uniflora, taxa, 27 Phlogacanthus species are endemic albiflorus, only Polyalthia shendurunii, Symplocos macrocarpa and Symplocos sessilis . This clearly signifies that this range is relevant to the conservation of the local flora. Introduction India for conserving global biological diversity and also The Western Ghats is one of the biodiversity hotspots declared as Regional Centre of Endemism in the Indian of the world (Myers et al. -
Food Habits of the Indian Giant Flying Squirrel (Petaurista Philippensis) in a Rain Forest Fragment, Western Ghats
Journal of Mammalogy, 89(6):1550–1556, 2008 FOOD HABITS OF THE INDIAN GIANT FLYING SQUIRREL (PETAURISTA PHILIPPENSIS) IN A RAIN FOREST FRAGMENT, WESTERN GHATS R. NANDINI* AND N. PARTHASARATHY Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014, India Present address of RN: National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science campus, Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article/89/6/1550/911817 by guest on 28 September 2021 Bangalore, 560 012, India Present address of RN: Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA We examined the feeding habits of the Indian giant flying squirrel (Petaurista philippensis) in a rain-forest fragment in southern Western Ghats, India, from December 1999 to March 2000. Flying squirrels consumed 4 major plant parts belonging to 9 plant species. Ficus racemosa was the most-eaten species (68.1%) during the period of the study, followed by Cullenia exarillata (9.57%) and Artocarpus heterophyllus (6.38%). The most commonly consumed food item was the fruit of F. racemosa (48.93%). Leaves formed an important component of the diet (32.97%) and the leaves of F. racemosa were consumed more than those of any other species. Flying squirrels proved to be tolerant of disturbance and exploited food resources at the fragment edge, including exotic planted species. Key words: edge, Ficus, fig fruits, folivore, Petaurista philippensis, rain-forest fragment, Western Ghats The adaptability of mammals allows them to exist in varied across the Western Ghats seem to increase with disturbance. environments and helps them to cope with habitat fragmenta- Ashraf et al. -
Tree Species Diversity and Distribution Patterns in Tropical Forests of Garo Hills
RESEARCH ARTICLES Tree species diversity and distribution patterns in tropical forests of Garo Hills Ashish Kumar1,2,*, Bruce G. Marcot3 and Ajai Saxena1,4 1Wildlife Institute of India, Post Box 18, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 001, India 2 Present Address: National Tiger Conservation Authority, Bikaner House, Annexe 5, Shahjahan Road, New Delhi 110 011, India 3USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 620 S.W. Main Street, Portland, OR 97205, USA 4Present address: Department of Ocean Development, Block 12, C.G.O. Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India pressure, particularly shifting cultivation (locally known We analysed phytosociological characteristics and diver- 1 sity patterns of tropical forest tree species in Garo as jhum) . Nevertheless, pristine PFs of Garo Hills still occur Hills, western Meghalaya, Northeast India. The main as remnant patches in remote localities mainly in the inte- vegetation of the region included primary forests rior hills. SF growth originates from many years of prac- (PFs), secondary forests (SFs), and sal (Shorea ro- tising jhum, resulting in patches of various forest ages busta) plantations, with 162, 132, and 87 tree species dispersed across the area. Many recent studies4–7 have des- respectively. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index of cribed vegetation characteristics and diversity of the tropical trees in PF was 4.27 (n = 21 one-ha belt-transects), forests of India and other parts of the world. Meghalaya, which is comparable to the world’s richest tropical however, has remained, largely unstudied, except for our forests. Statistical results revealed that primary for- work and another landscape level assessment1,2,8. -
Species Diversity and Tree Regeneration Patterns in Tropical Forests of the Western Ghats, India
Hindawi Publishing Corporation ISRN Ecology Volume 2013, Article ID 890862, 14 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/890862 Research Article Species Diversity and Tree Regeneration Patterns in Tropical Forests of the Western Ghats, India R. Jayakumar1 andK.K.N.Nair2 1 Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems, School of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India 2 Department of Forest Botany, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala 680653, India Correspondence should be addressed to R. Jayakumar; [email protected] Received 5 February 2013; Accepted 19 April 2013 Academic Editors: C. Jarnevich and T. Karels Copyright © 2013 R. Jayakumar and K. K. N. Nair. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Study Aim. To assess species diversity and tree regeneration patterns of different vegetation types of Western Ghats, India. Rarefaction was used to estimate species diversity of different vegetation types. One-way ANOVA was used to test for differences in tree density and basal area of different vegetation types. Sorenson index of similarity was used to calculate change in species composition between mature trees and regenerating individuals. Results showed that species diversity and regeneration pattern of trees differ in different vegetation types of the forest landscape. Species-area and species-individual accumulation curve (rarefaction) against equal-sized sampling area in different vegetation types showed that species heterogeneity was higher in vegetation types at mid elevations while their abundance was higher in vegetation types at higher elevations. -
Thai Forest Bulletin
Thai Fores Thai Forest Bulletin t Bulletin (Botany) Vol. 46 No. 2, 2018 Vol. t Bulletin (Botany) (Botany) Vol. 46 No. 2, 2018 ISSN 0495-3843 (print) ISSN 2465-423X (electronic) Forest Herbarium Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 THAILAND http://www.dnp.go.th/botany ISSN 0495-3843 (print) ISSN 2465-423X (electronic) Fores t Herbarium Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Bangkok, THAILAND THAI FOREST BULLETIN (BOTANY) Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) Vol. 46 No. 2, 2018 Published by the Forest Herbarium (BKF) CONTENTS Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Page Advisors Wipawan Kiaosanthie, Wanwipha Chaisongkram & Kamolhathai Wangwasit. Chamlong Phengklai & Kongkanda Chayamarit A new species of Scleria P.J.Bergius (Cyperaceae) from North-Eastern Thailand 113–122 Editors Willem J.J.O. de Wilde & Brigitta E.E. Duyfjes. Miscellaneous Cucurbit News V 123–128 Rachun Pooma & Tim Utteridge Hans-Joachim Esser. A new species of Brassaiopsis (Araliaceae) from Thailand, and lectotypifications of names for related taxa 129–133 Managing Editor Assistant Managing Editor Orporn Phueakkhlai, Somran Suddee, Trevor R. Hodkinson, Henrik Æ. Pedersen, Nannapat Pattharahirantricin Sawita Yooprasert Priwan Srisom & Sarawood Sungkaew. Dendrobium chrysocrepis (Orchidaceae), a new record for Thailand 134–137 Editorial Board Rachun Pooma (Forest Herbarium, Thailand), Tim Utteridge (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK), Jiratthi Satthaphorn, Peerapat Roongsattham, Pranom Chantaranothai & Charan David A. Simpson (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK), John A.N. Parnell (Trinity College Dublin, Leeratiwong. The genus Campylotropis (Leguminosae) in Thailand 138–150 Ireland), David J. Middleton (Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore), Peter C. -
Non-Detriment Findings and Review of Significant Trade in Plant Species
Capacity Building Workshop on "Non-detriment Findings and Review of Signifi cant Trade in Plant Species" JanuaryJanuary 09-11,09-11, 20112011 Kathmandu, Nepal PROCEEDINGS GGovernmentovernment ofof NepalNepal CITES Secretariat MMinistryinistry ofof ForestsForests andand SoilSoil ConservationConservation Geneva, Switzerland DDepartmentepartment ooff ForestsForests KKathmandu,athmandu, NepalNepal Table of Contents 1. Background 1 2. Objecti ves 1 3. Expected Outcomes 2 4. Parti cipants 3 5. Management 3 6. Venue 3 7. Methodology 3 8. Materials 3 9. Workshop Program 3 9.1 Opening of the workshop 3 9.2 Sessions Detail 5 10. Financial statement 12 11. Findings 12 12. Recommendati ons 12 13. Conclusions 13 Annexes Annex 1 : List of Parti cipants 16 Annex 2 : Workshop working programme 19 Annex 3 : NDF Exercise Findings 21 Annex 4 : Country Presentati ons 26 Annex 5 : Statement of Expenditures 43 1. Background authoriti es. This workshop focused on the implementati on of six of these Decisions. These It is a major challenge for many countries in are Decision 15.36 on Review of Signifi cant Trade the region to meet the requirements for trade in Cistanche deserti cola, Dioscorea deltoidea, in CITES-listed plant species, which range from Nardostachys grandifl ora, Picrorhiza kurrooa, legal sourcing and sustainability of the harvest Pterocarpus santalinus, Rauvolfi a serpenti na and requirements to the eff ecti ve control of legal trade Taxus wallichiana and, Decisions 15.23 to 15.27 and deterrence of illegal trade. Mechanisms exist on Non-detriment fi ndings (NDFs). in CITES, and in both exporti ng and importi ng countries, that promote and facilitate compliance. -
Development of Conservation Strategy for a Newly Discovered Lion-Tailed Macaque Population in Sirsi-Honnavara, Western Ghats: II
Macaca silenus Development of conservation strategy for a newly discovered lion-tailed macaque population in Sirsi-Honnavara, Western Ghats: II. Understanding the impact of NTFP collection on lion-tailed macaque Technical Report Honnavalli N. Kumara and Kumar Santhosh Macaca silenus Kumara, H.N. and Santhosh, K. (2013). Development of conservation strategy for a newly discovered lion-tailed macaque population in Sirsi-Honnavara, Western Ghats: II. Understanding the impact of NTFP collection on lion-tailed macaque. Technical Report submitted to CEPF-ATREE Small Grants. SACON, Coimbatore. Macaca silenus Development of conservation strategy for a newly discovered lion-tailed macaque population in Sirsi-Honnavara, Western Ghats: II. Understanding the impact of NTFP collection on lion-tailed macaque Technical Report Submitted to CEPF-ATREE Small Grants Honnavalli N. Kumara and Kumar Santhosh Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty (PO), Coimbatore 641108, India Contents Acknowledgments Chapters Chapter- I Introduction, study site and methods Chapter- II Feeding ecology of lion-tailed macaque Chapter-III Local people and NTFP collection Chapter –IV Resource use between lion-tailed macaque and local people, and its conservation implications Acknowledgments We would like to sincerely thank Mr. B. K. Singh for permissions, encouragement and support for the study. We thank Mr. G. Satish, Conservator of Forests, Kanara Circle and Mr. Vijay Mohan Raj, Conservator of Forests for their valuable support and inputs. We thank Mr. Manoj Kumar and Mr Yatish Kumar, Deputy Conservator of Forests, Sirsi Division for and the constant support. Thanks are also due to Mr. S. N. Hegde, Assistant Conservator of Forests; Range Officers Mr.