Systematics of the Thai Calophyllaceae and Hypericaceae with Comments on the Kielmeyeroidae (Clusiaceae)
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Calophyllum Inophyllum L
Calophyllum inophyllum L. Guttiferae poon, beach calophyllum LOCAL NAMES Bengali (sultanachampa,punnang,kathchampa); Burmese (ph’ông,ponnyet); English (oil nut tree,beauty leaf,Borneo mahogany,dilo oil tree,alexandrian laurel); Filipino (bitaog,palo maria); Hindi (surpunka,pinnai,undi,surpan,sultanachampa,polanga); Javanese (njamplung); Malay (bentagor bunga,penaga pudek,pegana laut); Sanskrit (punnaga,nagachampa); Sinhala (domba); Swahili (mtondoo,mtomondo); Tamil (punnai,punnagam,pinnay); Thai (saraphee neen,naowakan,krathing); Trade name (poon,beach calophyllum); Vietnamese (c[aa]y m[uf]u) Calophyllum inophyllum leaves and fruit (Zhou Guangyi) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Calophyllum inophyllum is a medium-sized tree up to 25 m tall, sometimes as large as 35 m, with sticky latex either clear or opaque and white, cream or yellow; bole usually twisted or leaning, up to 150 cm in diameter, without buttresses. Outer bark often with characteristic diamond to boat- shaped fissures becoming confluent with age, smooth, often with a yellowish or ochre tint, inner bark usually thick, soft, firm, fibrous and laminated, pink to red, darkening to brownish on exposure. Crown evenly conical to narrowly hemispherical; twigs 4-angled and rounded, with plump terminal buds 4-9 mm long. Shade tree in park (Rafael T. Cadiz) Leaves elliptical, thick, smooth and polished, ovate, obovate or oblong (min. 5.5) 8-20 (max. 23) cm long, rounded to cuneate at base, rounded, retuse or subacute at apex with latex canals that are usually less prominent; stipules absent. Inflorescence axillary, racemose, usually unbranched but occasionally with 3-flowered branches, 5-15 (max. 30)-flowered. Flowers usually bisexual but sometimes functionally unisexual, sweetly scented, with perianth of 8 (max. -
(Calophyllum Soulattri) (CLUSIACEAE) (ISOLA
D.R. Mulia, et al., ALCHEMY jurnal penelitian kimia, vol. 10, no. 2, hal.130-136 ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI ANANIKSANTON DARI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT KULIT AKAR SLATRI (Calophyllum soulattri) (CLUSIACEAE) (ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANANIXANTHONE FROM ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF ROOT BARK OF SLATRI (Calophyllum soulattri) (CLUSIACEAE)) Dindha Ramah Mulia1, Nestri Handayani2 dan M. Widyo Wartono1* 1Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Sebelas Maret,Jalan Ir. Sutami No. 36 A Kentingan, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. 2Jurusan Farmasi, FMIPA, Universitas Sebelas MaretJalan Ir. Sutami No. 36 A Kentingan, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. *email: [email protected] Received 14 October 2013¸ Accepted 10 March 2014, Published 01 September 2014 ABSTRAK Satu senyawa xanton yaitu ananiksanton (1), telah diisolasi untuk pertama kalinya dari ekstrak etil asetat kulit akar Calophyllum soulattri. Struktur molekul senyawa tersebut ditentukan berdasarkan data spektroskopi meliputi UV, IR, NMR 1D, dan NMR 2D serta membandingkannya dengan data referensi yang telah dilaporkan. Kata kunci: ananiksanton, Calophyllum soulattri, Clusiaceae, kulit akar ABSTRACT A xanthone, named ananixanthone (1) has been isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate extract of the root barks of Calophyllum soulattri. Structure of the compound was determined based on spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, NMR 1D, NMR 2D and by comparison with references. Keywords: ananixanthone, Calophyllum soulattri, Clusiaceae, root barks PENDAHULUAN Calophyllum merupakan salah satu genus dari famili Clusiaceae, terdiri dari sekitar 180-200 spesies (Stevens et al., 1980). Tumbuhan ini banyak tumbuh di dataran rendah dekat pantai dan memiliki sebaran cukup luas di kawasan tropis, salah satunya di Indonesia dengan keragaman spesies terbanyak di Kalimantan bagian utara dan Papua (Sevents et al., 1980). -
Calophyllum Inophyllum (Kamani) Clusiaceae (Syn
April 2006 Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry ver. 2.1 www.traditionaltree.org Calophyllum inophyllum (kamani) Clusiaceae (syn. Guttiferae) (mangosteen family) Alexandrian laurel, beach mahogany, beauty leaf, poon, oil nut tree (English); beach calophyllum (Papua New Guinea), biyuch (Yap); btaches (Palau); daog, daok (Guam, N. Marianas); dilo (Fiji); eet (Kosrae); feta‘u (Tonga); fetau (Samoa); isou (Pohnpei); kamani, kamanu (Hawai‘i); lueg (Marshalls); rakich (Chuuk); tamanu (Cook Islands, Society Islands, Marquesas); te itai (Kiribati) J. B. Friday and Dana Okano photo: J. B. Friday B. J. photo: Kamani trees are most commonly seen along the shoreline (Hilo, Hawai‘i). IN BRIEF Growth rate May initially grow up to 1 m (3.3 ft) in height Distribution Widely dispersed throughout the tropics, in- per year on good sites, although usually much more slowly. cluding the Hawaiian and other Pacific islands. Main agroforestry uses Mixed-species woodlot, wind- break, homegarden. Size Typically 8–20 m (25–65 ft) tall at maturity. Main products Timber, seed oil. Habitat Strand or low-elevation riverine, 0–200 m (660 ft) Yields No timber yield data available; 100 kg (220 lb) in Hawai‘i, up to 800 m (2000 ft) at the equator; mean an- nuts/tree/yr yielding 5 kg (11 lb) oil. nual temperatures 18–33°C (64–91°F); annual rainfall 1000– Intercropping Casts a heavy shade, so not suitable as an 5000 mm (40–200 in). overstory tree; has been grown successfully in mixed-species Vegetation Occurs on beach and in coastal forests. timber stands. Soils Grows best in sandy, well drained soils. -
Gas Turbine Power Plant Gas Turbine Power Plant Is Composed of Gas Turbine Which Is Similar to a Combined Cycle Power Plant, but Without Boiler
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (Draft) March 2018 THA: Chonburi Power Plant Project (Part 1 of 6) Prepared by Gulf SRC Company Limited for the Asian Development Bank. The environmental and social impact assessment report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the Term of Use section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Environmental Report for submittal to ADB Chapter 1 Sriracha Power Plant Project SRC Co., Ltd. Executive Summary CHAPTER 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Sriracha Power Plant of Gulf SRC Co., Ltd. covers area of 450 rais (1 rai = 1,600 m2) in the Hemaraj Eastern Seaboard Industrial Estate (Hemaraj ESIE) at Khao Khansong Sub-district, Si Racha District, Chon Buri Province. The power plant is estimated 140 km east of Bangkok. The proposed Sriracha Power Plant will utilize natural gas as main fuel and diesel oil as back up fuel. The total installed capacity of this power plant is 2,650 MW which will be sold to the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). Major machineries and equipment of the Uthai Power Plant will be four combustion turbine generators (CTG), four heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) and four steam turbine generators (STG). -
Vegetation, Floristic Composition and Species Diversity in a Tropical Mountain Nature Reserve in Southern Yunnan, SW China, with Implications for Conservation
Mongabay.com Open Access Journal - Tropical Conservation Science Vol.8 (2): 528-546, 2015 Research Article Vegetation, floristic composition and species diversity in a tropical mountain nature reserve in southern Yunnan, SW China, with implications for conservation Hua Zhu*, Chai Yong, Shisun Zhou, Hong Wang and Lichun Yan Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xue-Fu Road 88, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, P. R. China Tel.: 0086-871-65171169; Fax: 0086-871-65160916 *Corresponding author: H. Zhu, e-mail [email protected]; Fax no.: 86-871-5160916 Abstract Complete floristic and vegetation surveys were done in a newly established nature reserve on a tropical mountain in southern Yunnan. Three vegetation types in three altitudinal zones were recognized: a tropical seasonal rain forest below 1,100 m; a lower montane evergreen broad- leaved forest at 1,100-1,600 m; and a montane rain forest above 1,600 m. A total of 1,657 species of seed plants in 758 genera and 146 families were recorded from the nature reserve. Tropical families (61%) and genera (81%) comprise the majority of the flora, and tropical Asian genera make up the highest percentage, showing the close affinity of the flora with the tropical Asian (Indo-Malaysia) flora, despite the high latitude (22N). Floristic changes with altitude are conspicuous. The transition from lowland tropical seasonal rain forest dominated by mixed tropical families to lower montane forest dominated by Fagaceae and Lauraceae occurs at 1,100-1,150 m. Although the middle montane forests above 1,600 m have ‘oak-laurel’ assemblage characteristics, the temperate families Magnoliaceae and Cornaceae become dominant. -
Mario Gomes1
Rodriguésia 63(4): 1157-1163. 2012 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br Nota Científica / Short Communication Kielmeyera aureovinosa (Calophyllaceae) – a new species from the Atlantic Rainforest in highlands of Rio de Janeiro state Kielmeyera aureovinosa (Calophyllaceae) - uma nova espécie da Mata Atlântica na região serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro Mario Gomes1 Abstract Kielmeyera aureovinosa M. Gomes is a tree of the Atlantic Rainforest, endemic to the highlands of Rio de Janeiro state, occurring in riverine forest. The new species is distinguished in the genus by having a wine colored stem with metallic luster, peeling, with golden bands: it differs from other species of Kielmeyera section Callodendron by having leaves with sparse resinous corpuscles and flowers with ciliate margined sepals and petals. This paper provides a description of the species, illustrations and digital images; morphological and palynological features of Kielmeyera section Callodendron species are discussed and compared. Key words: Calophyllaceae, Kielmeyera aureovinosa, Atlantic Rainforest, riverine forest, Rio de Janeiro state. Resumo Kielmeyera aureovinosa M.Gomes é uma árvore da Mata Atlântica, endêmica da região serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro, ocorrente em matas ciliares. A nova espécie é distinta das demais no gênero por ter caule de coloração vinoso-metálica, desfolhante, com faixas e nuances dourados; diferencia-se das demais espécies de Kielmeyera seção Callodendron por possuir folhas com corpúsculos resiníferos esparsos e flores com sépalas e pétalas de margens ciliadas. Este trabalho fornece descrição da espécie, estado de conservação, ilustrações esquemáticas e imagens digitais; características morfológicas e palinológicas das espécies de Kielmeyera seção Callodendron são discutidas e apresentadas em tabelas para comparação. -
Calophyllum Inophyllum Linn
Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Order: Malpighiales Family: Calophyllaceae Genus: Calophyllum Species: C. inophyllum de.wikipedia.org Plant profile Calophyllum inophyllum is a low-branching and slow-growing tree with a broad and irregular crown. It usually reaches 8 to 20 metres (26 to 66 ft) in height. The flower is 25 millimetres (0.98 in) wide and occurs in racemose or paniculate inflorescences consisting of 4 to 15 flowers. Flowering can occur year-round, but usually two distinct flowering periods are observed, in late spring and in late autumn. The fruit (the ballnut) is a round, green drupe reaching 2 to 4 centimetres (0.79 to 1.57 in) in diameter and having a single large seed. When ripe, the fruit is wrinkled and its color varies from yellow to brownish-red. Uses Calophyllum inophyllum is a popular ornamental plant, its wood is hard and strong and has been used in construction or boatbuilding. Traditional Pacific Islanders used Calophyllum wood to construct the keel of their canoes while the boat sides were made from breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) wood. The seeds yield a thick, dark green tamanu oil for medicinal use or hair grease. Active ingredients in the oil are believed to regenerate tissue, so is sought after by cosmetics manufacturers as an ingredient in skin cremes. The nuts should be well dried before cracking, after which the oil-laden kernel should be further dried. The first neoflavone isolated in 1951 from natural sources was calophyllolide from Calophyllum inophyllum seeds. The leaves are also used for skin care in Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Samoa. -
Phcogj.Com Evaluation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant
Pharmacogn J. 2021; 13(4): 971-976 A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy Research Article www.phcogj.com Evaluation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Three Organs of Idat (Cratoxylum glaucum Korth.) and Correlation with Phytochemical Content Dadang Juanda1,2, Irda Fidrianny1, Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna1, Muhamad Insanu1,* ABSTRACT Introduction: Idat (Cratoxylum glaucum Korth.), belonging to the genus Cratoxylum, is known to contain xanthone, quinone, flavonoids, and other phenolic compounds. Objectives: to analyze total phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant activity, and inhibitory xanthine oxidase activities of leaves, stem, and cortex of idat. Methods: Extraction of leaves, stem, and cortex of idat was carried out by reflux using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as a solvent. Antioxidant activity was tested by the DPPH method and calculated to get the antioxidant activity index (AAI). Dadang Juanda1,2, Irda Fidrianny1, Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid levels by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. Komar Ruslan Wirasutisna1, Results: Spectrophotometers measured the inhibitory activity on xanthine oxidase in 96-well Muhamad Insanu1,* plates with allopurinol as standard. Total phenolic and flavonoid content fromC. glaucum extracts varied from 6.62 to 48.77 g GAE/g extract and 1.54 - 25.96 g QE/100 g extract, 1Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, respectively. The ethanol extracts of leaves, stem, and cortex were very strong antioxidant School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of activity with Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI) values 3.89; 4.55; 10.50, meanwhile AAI of Technology, Bandung, INDONESIA. 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhakti Kencana ascorbic acid and quercetin 9.46 and 14.81 respectively. -
Anthocyanin Contains in Cratoxylum Formosum
Theeranat Suwanaruang, AJAR, 2017; 2:14 Research Article AJAR (2017), 2:14 American Journal of Agricultural Research (ISSN:2475-2002) Anthocyanin contains in Cratoxylum formosum Theeranat Suwanaruang Environmental Science Program, Faculty of liberal arts and science, Kalasin University, Namon Dis- trict, Kalasin Province, Thailand 46231 ABSTRACT Cratoxylum formosum is an indigenous Thai vegetable, mostly *Correspondence to Author: grown in the North-East of Thailand., It has been reported that Theeranat Suwanaruang the leaf extract showed strongly antioxidant and antimutagenic Environmental Science Program, properties when compared with 108 species of indigenous Thai Faculty of liberal arts and science, plants. The point toward of this do research was analyzed antho- Kalasin University, Namon District, cyanin inhibit in Cratoxylum formosum. The means was assess- Kalasin Province, Thailand 46231 ment in dissimilarity exaction solutions (water, acetone, ethanol and methanol) and divergence era (0 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes). The scrutinize chemically was weighed samples 5 g with modification exaction solutions and divergence era af- terward absorbance samples at 535 nm by spectrophotometer. How to cite this article: The fallout create that at 0 minutes in diversity exaction solutions Theeranat Suwanaruang.Anthocy- (water, acetone, ethanol and methanol) were 909.136±75.010, anin contains in Cratoxylum formo- 737.743±734.871, 704.216±2.313and 825.006±14.226 mg/L sum. American Journal of Agricul- respectively. At 30 minutes in modification exaction solutions tural Research, 2017,2:14. (water, acetone, ethanol and methanol) were 873.886±8.626, 788.503±17.094, 720.98±30.786 and 758.686±37.772 mg/L cor- respondingly and to finish period at 60 minutes in divergence exaction solutions (water, acetone, ethanol and methanol) were 903.96±75, 764.53±49.984, 735.236±45.783 and 824.38±14.718 eSciPub LLC, Houston, TX USA. -
Facultad De Ciencias Forestales
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FORESTALES ESCUELA DE FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERÍA EN ECOLOGÍA DE BOSQUES TROPICALES TESIS “Cálculo del área foliar de Caraipa utilis Vásquez y su contribución para su manejo sostenible en los Varillales de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana, Loreto, Perú” Tesis para optar el título de Ingeniero en Ecología de Bosques Tropicales Autor Alan Christian Chumbe Ycomedes Iquitos - Perú 2017 DEDICATORIA A DIOS, por brindarme cada día un nuevo amanecer para ser una mejor persona. A mis padres, David y Janeth, y hermana, Giovanna, personas que son mi ejemplo a seguir y estímulo para ser mejor cada día. A mis amigos y demás personas que estuvieron presentes en el día a día, que con su ayuda y compañía me incentivaron a concluir este proyecto. AGRADECIMIENTO Al Blgo. Ricardo Zárate Gómez, por su paciencia y co-asesoramiento para lograr concluir el proyecto. Un agradecimiento especial al docente Fritz Veintemilla Arana, por su constante apoyo y asesoramiento, y los consejos brindados para el desarrollo de la presente tesis. A Luisin Ruiz, Max Guiriz, Priscila Gonzales, Danna Flores, Milagros Rimachi, Linder Mozombite y George Gallardo por su apoyo en el trabajo de campo. i ÍNDICE Pág. I. Introducción ............................................................................................... 1 II. El problema ................................................................................................ 3 2.1. Descripción del problema .................................................................. 3 2.2. Definición -
From Dereplication and Anti-Inflammatory Screening of Clusiaceae and Calophyllaceae Species to Novel Immunomodulatory Coumarins from Mesua Lepidota
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Okina From dereplication and anti-inflammatory screening of Clusiaceae and Calophyllaceae species to novel immunomodulatory coumarins from Mesua lepidota Submitted by Séverine Derbre on Wed, 04/29/2015 - 21:58 From dereplication and anti-inflammatory screening of Clusiaceae and Titre Calophyllaceae species to novel immunomodulatory coumarins from Mesua lepidota Type de Communication publication Type Communication sans actes dans un congrès Année 2014 Langue Anglais Date du 08 2014 colloque Titre du 22e GP2A meeting of the "Groupement des Pharmacochimistes de l'Arc Atlantique colloque Rouger, Caroline [1], Derbré, Séverine [2], Litaudon, Marc [3], Awang, Khalijah [4], Auteur Charreau, Béatrice [5], Richomme, Pascal [6] Pays France Ville Nantes Vascular endothelium plays a central role in the development of inflammatory and immune processes, which are involved in graft rejection1. Many Clusiaceae/Calophyllaceae species (pantropical plants) biosynthesize original polyphenolic compounds exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties2-3. Bark, leaves and occasionally fruits from thirteen Malaysian plants belonging to the genus Calophyllum, Mesua (Calophyllaceae), Garcinia (Clusiaceae) were extracted using DCM and MeOH as the solvents. Each extract was then submitted to a HPLC- PDA-MSn dereplication analysis and its anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). This allowed to select the bioactive fruits DCM extract of Mesua lepidota T. Anderson for an advanced Résumé en phytochemical study, which led to the identification of several new coumarin anglais derivatives. A flow cytometry study revealed that the major component of this extract, namely lepidotol A (1), significantly inhibited the VCAM-1, HLA-II and HLA- E expression of HUVECs previously activated by TNF-α or IFN-γ cytokines. -
Contracted Garage
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