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The Secret of the Musikverein and Other Shoebox Concert Halls
Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics THE SECRET OF THE MUSIKVEREIN AND OTHER SHOEBOX CONCERT HALLS T Lokki Aalto University School of Science, Department of Computer Science, Finland J Pätynen Aalto University School of Science, Department of Computer Science, Finland S Tervo Aalto University School of Science, Department of Computer Science, Finland A Kuusinen Aalto University School of Science, Department of Computer Science, Finland H Tahvanainen Aalto University School of Science, Department of Computer Science, Finland A Haapaniemi Aalto University School of Science, Department of Computer Science, Finland 1 INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION The Musikvereinssaal in Vienna is indisputably one of the most admired concert halls in the world. Even those who prefer defined and clear sound to overwhelming enveloping reverberation praise the acoustics of the Musikverein. Researchers have studied the acoustics of this golden hall, mostly by the objective measures, but still the superior acoustics remains unexplained. General consensus among acousticians seems to be that numerous strong early lateral reflections, high ceiling, and bright en- veloping reverberation are the keys to the success. Here, we aim to explain the acoustics of shoebox concert halls, including the Musikverein, with the measurements of spatial impulse responses. More- over, we propose to shift the research focus in concert hall acoustics from traditional energy decay based parameters towards aspects on how acoustics can support music and make it more enjoyable. Although the Musikverein provides strong sensations for any listeners not all people like its overwhelm- ing reverberation in blind listening. We have recently conducted a large listening test 8 that included preference judgements between six concert halls on three different seats with two different signals. -
Symphonieorchester Des Bayerischen Rundfunks 16 17
16 17 SYMPHONIEORCHESTER DES BAYERISCHEN RUNDFUNKS Donnerstag 23.3.2017 Freitag 24.3.2017 Sonderkonzert Herkulessaal 20.00 – ca. 21.50 Uhr 16 / 17 HERBERT BLOMSTEDT Leitung MARK PADMORE – Tenor (Evangelist) (»Artist in Residence«) PETER HARVEY – Bariton (Christus) Solisten der Arien ANNA PROHASKA Sopran ELISABETH KULMAN Mezzosopran ANDREW STAPLES Tenor KREŠIMIR STRAŽANAC Bassbariton CHOR DES BAYERISCHEN RUNDFUNKS Einstudierung: Michael Gläser Soliloquenten Priska Eser – Sopran (Magd) Q-Won Han – Tenor (Diener) Andreas Burkhart – Bass (Pilatus) Christof Hartkopf – Bass (Petrus) SYMPHONIEORCHESTER DES BAYERISCHEN RUNDFUNKS Vittorio Ghielmi -– Viola da gamba Basso continuo Hanno Simons – Violoncello Evangelina Mascardi – Laute Lukas Maria Kuen – Orgel PROGRAMM Johann Sebastian Bach »Passio secundum Joannem« (»Johannes-Passion«) für Soli, Chor und Orchester in zwei Teilen BWV 245 Die Passion wird ohne Pause aufgeführt. KONZERTEINFÜHRUNG 18.45 Uhr Donnerstag, 23.3.2017: Moderation: Markus Thiel Gast: Dr. Norbert Roth, Pfarrer von St. Matthäus München Freitag, 24.3.2017: Moderation: Amélie Pauli LIVE-ÜBERTRAGUNG IN SURROUND im Radioprogramm BR-KLASSIK Freitag, 17.3.2017 ON DEMAND Das Konzert ist in Kürze auf br-klassik.de als Audio abrufbar. »Eine schreckliche Kraft« Von der Kirche in den Konzertsaal: Bachs Johannes-Passion Wolfgang Stähr Entstehungszeit 1724 mit Revisionen bei späteren Aufführungen Uraufführung 7. April 1724, Karfreitag, im Vespergottesdienst der Leipziger Nicolaikirche unter der Leitung des Komponisten Lebensdaten des Komponisten 21. März 1685 in Eisenach – 28. Juli 1750 in Leipzig Ist es eine Laune des Zufalls oder der Wille Gottes? Diese Frage gehört normalerweise nicht zur Kernkompetenz der Musikhistoriker, aber mitunter kommen sie doch ins Grübeln. Man stelle sich einmal vor, Mozart wäre so alt geworden wie Bach: Dann hätte er 1793 die angestrebte Position des Domkapellmeisters an der Wiener Stephanskirche antreten können. -
Grosser Saal Klangwolke Brucknerhaus Präsentiert Von Der Linz Ag Linz
ZWISCHEN CREDO Vollendeter Genuss TRADITION BEKENNTNIS braucht ein & GLAUBE perfektes MODERNE Zusammenspiel RELIGION Als führendes Energie- und Infrastrukturunternehmen im oberösterreichischen Zentralraum sind wir ein starker Partner für Wirtschaft, Kunst und Kultur und die Menschen in der Region. Die LINZ AG wünscht allen Besucherinnen und Besuchern beste Unterhaltung. bezahlte Anzeige LINZ AG_Brucknerfest 190x245.indd 1 02.05.18 10:32 6 Vorworte 12 Saison 2018/19 16 Abos 2018/19 22 Das Große Abonnement 32 Sonntagsmatineen 44 Internationale Orchester 50 Bruckner Orchester Linz 56 Kost-Proben 60 Das besondere Konzert 66 Oratorien 128 Hier & Jetzt 72 Chorkonzerte 134 Moderierte Foyer-Konzerte INHALTS- 78 Liederabende 138 Musikalischer Adventkalender 84 Streichquartette 146 BrucknerBeats 90 Kammermusik 150 Russische Dienstage 96 Stars von morgen 154 Musik der Völker 102 Klavierrecitals 160 Jazz VERZEICHNIS 108 Orgelkonzerte 168 Jazzbrunch 114 Orgelmusik zur Teatime 172 Gemischter Satz 118 WortKlang 176 Kinder.Jugend 124 Ars Antiqua Austria 196 Serenaden 204 Kooperationen 216 Kalendarium 236 Saalpläne 242 Karten & Service 4 5 Linz hat sich schon längst als interessanter heimischen, aber auch internationalen Künst- Der Veröffentlichung des neuen Saisonpro- Musik wird heutzutage bevorzugt über diverse und innovativer Kulturstandort auch auf in- lerinnen und Künstlern es ermöglichen, ihr gramms des Brucknerhauses Linz sehen Medien, vom Radio bis zum Internet, gehört. ternationaler Ebene Anerkennung verschafft. Potenzial abzurufen und sich zu entfalten. Für unzählige Kulturinteressierte jedes Jahr er- Dennoch hat die klassische Form des Konzerts Ein wichtiger Meilenstein auf diesem Weg war alle Kulturinteressierten jeglichen Alters bietet wartungsvoll entgegen. Heuer dürfte die nichts von ihrer Attraktivität eingebüßt. Denn bislang auf jeden Fall die Errichtung des Bruck- das ausgewogene und abwechslungsreiche Spannung besonders groß sein, weil es die das Live-Erlebnis bleibt einzigartig – dank der nerhauses Linz. -
Art & History of Vienna
Art & History of Vienna Satoko Friedl Outline History Architecture Museums Music Eat & Drink Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 2 History Architecture Museums Music Eat & Drink Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 3 "It all started with a big bang…" Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 4 Prehistoric Vienna . Sporadic archeological finds from Paleolithic age . Evidence of continuous settlements from Neolithic age (~5000 BC) Venus of Willendorf (~25000 BC, Naturhistorisches Museum) Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 5 Vindobona: The Roman Fortress . Founded ~20 AD (after today‘s Austria was conquered) . "Standard" layout Roman military camp (castrum) surrounded by civilian city . Several excavation sites and archeological finds Reconstruction of Vindobona Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 6 Roman Excavations in Vienna (1) Roman floor heating (Excavations in Römermuseum, Hoher Markt) Roman stones from the thermae (Sterngasse/Herzlstiege) Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 7 Roman Excavations in Vienna (2) Roman and medieval houses (Michaelerplatz) Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 8 Location of the Roman Fortress (1) . Upper edge was washed away by a flood in 3rd century Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 9 Location of the Roman Fortress (2) Street called "Tiefer Danube Graben" canal (deep moat) Rotenturm- strasse Place called "Graben" (moat) St. Stephen‘s Cathedral Tiefer Graben(modern city center) Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 10 Old Friends… Is it worth the long travel? Obelix, shall we go to Vindobona? Satoko Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 26 September 2011 11 The Dark Ages . -
A Season of Thrilling Intrigue and Grand Spectacle –
A Season of Thrilling Intrigue and Grand Spectacle – Angel Blue as MimÌ in La bohème Fidelio Rigoletto Love fuels a revolution in Beethoven’s The revenger becomes the revenged in Verdi’s monumental masterpiece. captivating drama. Greetings and welcome to our 2020–2021 season, which we are so excited to present. We always begin our planning process with our dreams, which you might say is a uniquely American Nixon in China Così fan tutte way of thinking. This season, our dreams have come true in Step behind “the week that changed the world” in Fidelity is frivolous—or is it?—in Mozart’s what we’re able to offer: John Adams’s opera ripped from the headlines. rom-com. Fidelio, to celebrate the 250th anniversary of Beethoven’s birth. Nixon in China by John Adams—the first time WNO is producing an opera by one of America’s foremost composers. A return to Russian music with Musorgsky’s epic, sweeping, spectacular Boris Godunov. Mozart’s gorgeous, complex, and Boris Godunov La bohème spiky view of love with Così fan tutte. Verdi’s masterpiece of The tapestry of Russia's history unfurls in Puccini’s tribute to young love soars with joy a family drama and revenge gone wrong in Rigoletto. And an Musorgsky’s tale of a tsar plagued by guilt. and heartbreak. audience favorite in our lavish production of La bohème, with two tremendous casts. Alongside all of this will continue our American Opera Initiative 20-minute operas in its 9th year. Our lineup of artists includes major stars, some of whom SPECIAL PRESENTATIONS we’re thrilled to bring to Washington for the first time, as well as emerging talents. -
Programmvorschau · Preview Juni / June 2020
PROGRAMMVORSCHAU / PREVIEW 6/2020 STAND / LAST UPDATE: 16.1.2020 PROGRAMMVORSCHAU · PREVIEW JUNI / JUNE 2020 Oper, Operette, Musical · Opera, Operetta, Musical Staatsoper Volksoper Ronacher Tickets: www.wiener-staatsoper.at, Tickets: www.volksoper.at, „Cats“, Musical von A.L.Webber / www.culturall.com www.culturall.com Di, Mi 18.30, Do, Fr 19.30, Information Tel. +43 1 514 44 2250 Information Tel. +43 1 514 44 3670 Sa 15.00 & 19.30, So 14.00 / 1.6. Le nozze di Figaro von 1.6. Zar und Zimmermann von Tue, Wed 6.30 pm, Thu, Fri 7.30 pm, W. A. Mozart A. Lortzing Sat 3.00 & 7.30 pm, Sun 2.00 pm 3.6. Solistenkonzert: Ildar Abdrazakov, 2.6. Kiss me, Kate, Musical von C. Porter (ausser / except 11.6.) Rolando Villazón 3.6. Louie‘s Cage Percussion: Characters Tickets: www.wien-ticket.at 4.6. Lucia di Lammermoor von 4.6. Die Csárdásfürstin von E. Kálmán Kreditkarte/creditcard: Tel. +43 1 58885 G. Donizetti 5.6. Ballettpremiere: Appassionato – www.musicalvienna.at 5.6. Le nozze di Figaro Bach und Vivaldi (Nebyla / Peci / 6.6. Ballett: Sylvia (Legris nach Mérante Winter) u.a. – Delibes) 6.6. Zar und Zimmermann Theater an der Wien 7.6. Lucia di Lammermoor 7.6. Ballett: Appassionato – Bach und 6., Linke Wienzeile 6 9.6. Aida von G. Verdi Vivaldi 28., 30.6. um 19.00, 29.6. um 11.00 10.6. Ballett: Sylvia 8.6. Kiss me, Kate „Neun x Leben“ , Jugendoper, 11.6. Lucia di Lammermoor 9.6. Ballett: Coppélia (Lacotte – Delibes) Musiktheater zu Beethoven 12.6. -
Catalogue 2015 Thank You to All Our Partners and Co-Producers : Avant Premi Ère Catalogue 2015
Avant Premi ère CATALOGUE 2015 THANK YOU TO ALL OUR PARTNERS AND CO-PRODUCERS : Avant Premi ère CATALOGUE 2015 COPRODUCTION & PRESALES: Unitel GmbH & Co. KG Gruenwalder Weg 28d, 82041 Oberhaching, Germany Tel: +49.89.673469-630 ∙ Fax: +49.89.673469-610 [email protected] Ernst Buchrucker (Managing Director) [email protected] ∙ Tel: +49.89.673469-19 Dr. Thomas Hieber (Head of Business and Legal Affairs) [email protected] ∙ Tel: +49.89.673469-611 Dr. Magdalena Herbst (Head of Production) [email protected] ∙ Tel: 49.89.673469-862 WORLD SALES – EXCLUSIVE INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTOR FOR ALL UNITEL PROGRAMMES: C Major Entertainment GmbH Kaiserdamm 31/86, 14057 Berlin, Germany Tel.: +49.30.303064-64 [email protected] Elmar Kruse ∙ [email protected] (Managing Director) Nadja Joost ∙ [email protected] (Sales Manager, Director Live Events & Popular Music) Nishrin Schacherbauer ∙ [email protected] (Sales Manager) Ira Rost ∙ [email protected] (Sales Manager, Assistant to Managing Director) Avant Premi ère CATALOGUE 2015 OPERA Gaetano Donizetti: La Favorite 8 HK Gruber: Geschichten aus dem Wiener Wald (Tales from the Vienna Woods) 10 Leoš Janáček: Jenufa 12 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Da Ponte-Cycle 14 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Don Giovanni 16 Aribert Reimann: Lear 18 Gioachino Rossini: Aureliano in Palmira 20 Franz Schubert: Fierrabras 22 Richard Strauss: Arabella 24 Richard Strauss: Elektra 26 Richard Strauss: Feuersnot 28 Richard Strauss: Der Rosenkavalier 30 Giuseppe Verdi: Il trovatore 32 Giuseppe Verdi: La forza del destino 34 Giuseppe Verdi: Un ballo in maschera 36 BALLET “Cubania” by Carlos Acosta 38 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Swan Lake 40 CONCERTS Boston Symphony Orchestra – The Inaugural Concert (A. -
The Digital Concert Hall
Welcome to the Digital Concert Hall he time has finally come! Four years have Emmanuelle Haïm, the singers Marlis Petersen passed since the Berliner Philharmoniker – the orchestra’s Artist in Residence – Diana T elected Kirill Petrenko as their future chief Damrau, Elīna Garanča, Anja Kampe and Julia conductor. Since then, the orchestra and con- Lezhneva, plus the instrumentalists Isabelle ductor have given many exciting concerts, fuel- Faust, Janine Jansen, Alice Sara Ott and Anna ling anticipation of a new beginning. “Strauss Vinnitskaya. Yet another focus should be like this you encounter once in a decade – if mentioned: the extraordinary opportunities to you’re lucky,” as the London Times wrote about hear members of the Berliner Philharmoniker their Don Juan together. as protagonists in solo concertos. With the 2019/2020 season, the partnership We invite you to accompany the Berliner officially starts. It is a spectacular opening with Philharmoniker as they enter the Petrenko era. Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony, whose over- Look forward to getting to know the orchestra whelmingly joyful finale is perfect for the festive again, with fresh inspiration and new per- occasion. Just one day later, the work can be spectives, and in concerts full of energy and heard once again at an open-air concert in vibrancy. front of the Brandenburg Gate, to welcome the people of Berlin. Further highlights with Kirill Petrenko follow: the New Year’s Eve concert, www.digital-concert-hall.com featuring works by Gershwin and Bernstein, a concert together with Daniel Barenboim as the soloist, Mahler’s Sixth Symphony, Beethoven’s Fidelio at the Baden-Baden Easter Festival and in Berlin, and – for the European concert – the first appearance by the Berliner Philharmoniker in Israel for 26 years. -
Itinerary for Spring 2018 Vienna FSP.Pdf
VIENNA MUSIC FSP ’18, Itinerary Guest Lectures: Dennis Russel Davis, Conductor, “Arts in Europe” and the rehearsal with Student Orchestra of Bruckner Universitäte, Linz, Austria; Miguel Kertsman, Composer, “Composition and Education”; Deridre Brenner, Pianist and Dartmouth Alum “Career in Vienna”; Dr. Morten Solvik, Musicologist, “Mahler Symphony No. 1” Orchesta/Ensembles: Berlin Philharmonics, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra, Cleveland Orchestra, Philadelphia Orchestra, Budapest Festival Orchestra, Berlin State Opera Orchestra, Berlin Baroque Soloists, Vienna Philharmonics, Vienna Symphonic, Tonkunstler Orchestra, Alban Berg Ensemble, Wave Percussion Quartet, Hagen Quartet Notable Conductors and Soloists: Martha Argerich, Yujia Wang, Danilli Trifonov, Igor Levit, Maestro Daniel Barenboim, Dennis Russel Davis, Daniele Gatti, Yannick Nézet-Séguin, Ivan Fischer, Percussionist Christoph Sietzen Concert Halls, Opera Houses, Jazz Club, Small Venues, Churches: Wiener Musikverein, Konzerthaus, Staatsoper, Volksoper, Theatre an der Wien, Karlskirche, Mosaïque Wien, Porgy and Bess, Haus der Musik, Haus of Beethoven, Kunst Bedivere, Linz’s New Music Theatre, Bruckner Univierstäte, Ars Electronica Center, St. Florian Abbey, Prague’s Estates Theatre and Brno’s Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady Composers: Haydn, Mozart, Bach, Beethoven, Schuman, Schubert, Chopin, Edgard, Brahms, Berlioz, Bruckner, Tchaikovsky, Sibelius, Debussy, Mahler, Verdi, Puccini, Richard Struss, Johann Struss, Wagner, Janáček, Dvorak, Schonberg, -
14 / 15 Sir Simon Rattle
Freitag 24.4.2015 Samstag 25.4.2015 Sonderkonzert Herkulessaal 19.00 – ca. 22.00 Uhr (ohne Pause) 14 / 15 SIR SIMON RATTLE Leitung Götter MICHAEL VOLLE Bariton – Wotan CHRISTIAN VAN HORN Bassbariton – Donner BENJAMIN BRUNS Tenor – Froh BURKHARD ULRICH Tenor – Loge Göttinnen ELISABETH KULMAN Mezzosopran – Fricka ANNETTE DASCH Sopran – Freia JANINA BAECHLE Mezzosopran – Erda Nibelungen TOMASZ KONIECZNY Bassbariton – Alberich HERWIG PECORARO Tenor – Mime Riesen PETER ROSE Bass – Fasolt ERIC HALFVARSON Bass – Fafner Rheintöchter HANNA-ELISABETH MÜLLER Sopran – Woglinde STELLA DOUFEXIS Mezzosopran – Wellgunde EVA VOGEL Mezzosopran – Floßhilde SYMPHONIEORCHESTER DES BAYERISCHEN RUNDFUNKS KONZERTEINFÜHRUNG Freitag, 24.4.2015 Moderation: Markus Thiel Gast: Michael Volle Samstag, 25.4.2015 Moderation: Jörg Handstein LIVE-ÜBERTRAGUNG in Surround auf BR-KLASSIK Freitag, 24.4.2015 Danach 7 Tage abrufbar (on demand) auf www.br-klassik.de Richard Wagner »Das Rheingold« Vorabend zu »Der Ring des Nibelungen« Ein Bühnenfestspiel für drei Tage und einen Vorabend • Vorspiel und erste Szene (Auf dem Grunde des Rheines) • Zweite Szene (Freie Gegend auf Bergeshöhen) • Dritte Szene (Nibelheim) • Vierte Szene (Freie Gegend auf Bergeshöhen) »Das Rheingold« Handlung Vorspiel und erste Szene Auf dem Grund des Rheines Auf dem Grund des Rheins liegt ein Goldschatz verborgen, den die drei Rheintöchter Woglinde, Wellgunde und Floßhilde bewachen. Die Nixen tummeln sich im Wasser und spielen. Floßhilde scheint ein Unheil vorauszuahnen, denn sie erinnert ihre verspielten Schwestern an die Pflicht, das Gold zu hüten. Da erscheint der Nibelung Alberich, der an den hübschen Rheintöchtern Gefallen findet und sie für sich gewinnen will. Die Nixen treiben ihren Schabernack mit ihm, indem sie ihn anlocken, dann aber wieder wegstoßen, denn in Wahrheit ist er für sie nur ein »haariger, höckriger Geck«, ein »schwarzes, schwieliges Schwefelgezwerg« in »Krötengestalt« mit krächzender Stimme. -
General Sponsor Intendant Roland Geyer
Intendant Roland Geyer General sponsor The Theater an der Wien receives subsidies A Wien Holding Company from the Cultural Department of the City of Vienna “BeautIFUL MUSIc…” To look for the greatest triumphs of opera means applying the epithets Igor Stravinsky set Hogarth’s series of pictures, The Rake’s Progress, to “genius” and “originality” to a musical event. Such triumphs often came music as the opera of the same name which created a furore and proved about by chance or were not recognised as such until favourable cir- a huge success when it was staged at the Theater an der Wien in 2008 cumstances arose centuries later that revealed their true quality. Take by Martin Kušej under the musical direction of Nikolaus Harnoncourt. Mendelssohn’s revival of Bach’s St. Matthew Passion in the mid-nine- When the moralistic and strict judge John Gonson began a campaign teenth century, for example. Add to this the fact that before Mozart and against prostitution in the City of London, Hogarth was inspired to cre- Beethoven the creators of works of such specific evocative power were ate a second series, A Harlot’s Progress. The Theater an der Wien has not unanimously regarded as geniuses by their audiences. George Frid- now commissioned the renowned English dramatist Peter Ackroyd and eric Handel, for instance, still had to contend with derision, envy and the young English composer Iain Bell to write a new opera about the bankruptcy for years after his ground-breaking masterpiece, Messiah. story of a naïve country girl who falls into the clutches of a procuress Only at the end of his life was he feted as the nation’s composer, a sta- and is forced into prostitution. -
Art & History of Vienna
Art & History of Vienna Markus Friedl (HEPHY Vienna) Outline History Architecture Museums Music Eat & Drink Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 2 Outline History Architecture Museums Music Eat & Drink Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 3 "It all started with a big bang…" Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 4 Prehistoric Vienna . Sporadic archeological finds from Paleolithic age . Evidence of continuous settlements from Neolithic age (~5000 BC) Venus of Willendorf (~27500 BC, Naturhistorisches Museum) Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 5 Vindobona: The Roman Fortress . Founded ~20 AD (after today‘s Austria was conquered) . "Standard" layout Roman military camp (castrum) surrounded by civilian city . Several excavation sites and archeological finds Reconstruction of Vindobona Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 6 Roman Excavations in Vienna (1) Roman floor heating (Excavations in Römermuseum, Hoher Markt) Roman stones from the thermae (Sterngasse/Herzlstiege) Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 7 Roman Excavations in Vienna (2) Roman and medieval houses (Michaelerplatz) Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 8 Location of the Roman Fortress (1) . Upper edge was washed away by a flood in 3rd century Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 9 Location of the Roman Fortress (2) Street called "Tiefer Danube Graben" canal (deep moat) Rotenturm- strasse Place called "Graben" (moat) St. Stephen‘s Cathedral Tiefer Graben(modern city center) Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 10 The First Vienna Conference… Markus Friedl: Art & History of Vienna 18 February 2019 11 The Dark Ages .