DOCSLIB.ORG

SANITARY IMPORTANCE of ARCOBACTER Arturo Levican Asenjo

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SANITARY IMPORTANCE of ARCOBACTER Arturo Levican Asenjo SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTER Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 ADVERTIMENT. L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials d'investigació i docència en els termes establerts a l'art. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix l'autorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No s'autoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes d'explotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des d'un lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc s'autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. 32 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual (RDL 1/1996). Para otros usos se requiere la autorización previa y expresa de la persona autora. En cualquier caso, en la utilización de sus contenidos se deberá indicar de forma clara el nombre y apellidos de la persona autora y el título de la tesis doctoral. No se autoriza su reproducción u otras formas de explotación efectuadas con fines lucrativos ni su comunicación pública desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. Tampoco se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al contenido de la tesis como a sus resúmenes e índices. WARNING. Access to the contents of this doctoral thesis and its use must respect the rights of the author. It can be used for reference or private study, as well as research and learning activities or materials in the terms established by the 32nd article of the Spanish Consolidated Copyright Act (RDL 1/1996). Express and previous authorization of the author is required for any other uses. In any case, when using its content, full name of the author and title of the thesis must be clearly indicated. Reproduction or other forms of for profit use or public communication from outside TDX service is not allowed. Presentation of its content in a window or frame external to TDX (framing) is not authorized either. These rights affect both the content of the thesis and its abstracts and indexes. UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTE Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 Arturo Alberto Levican Asenjo Sanitary importance of Arcobacter Doctoral Thesis Directed by Dr. Maria José Figueras Dr. Luis Collado González Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques Unitat de Biologia i Microbiologia Reus 2013 UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTE Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 Maria José Figueras Salvat professor of Microbiology of the Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University Rovira i Virgili and Luis Collado González researcher and teacher of the Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences of the University Austral of Chile. CERTIFY THAT: The present work entitled: ”Sanitary importance of Arcobacter” prepared by Arturo Levican Asenjo to obtain the degree of doctor by the University Rovira i Virgili, have been carried out under our supervision at the Unit of Microbiology of the Department of Basic Health Sciences, and that it fulfils the requirements to obtain the International Doctorate mention. Reus, May 14, 2013. Dra. Maria José Figueras Salvat Dr. Luís Collado González UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTE Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 To Karin, Fabian and Gabriela UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTE Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 Acknowledgments I express my sincere gratitude to my advisor Prof. Maria José Figueras for her continuous support of my PhD study and research, for her patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and also for encouraging me to give the best of myself. I also thank her for giving so much of her valuable time over recent months to help me finish this thesis in time. I also thank Dr. Luis Collado, co-Director of this work, for helping me get started on this PhD and for his guidance and support from the beginning. I thank Prof. Josep Guarro for his advice, support and friendship during my years in the Microbiology Unit in Reus. My sincere appreciation goes to all other Professors in the Unit for everything I have learned from them and for their continuous help and support. And I thank sincerely Prof. Luis Zaror (Universidad Austral de Chile) for trusting me and for his help in starting my PhD studies. I’m grateful to the team of technicians for their help in my everyday life and to my lab mates for the stimulating discussions and for all the fun we have had in the last four years. In particular, to Luis, Eduardo and Valentina for their support during my first years here in Reus and to Katiuska for her unconditional friendship. I also thank Phil for his help in correcting my writings in English and for his useful advice. I’m very grateful to Prof. Stephen Forsythe of the School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, for giving me the opportunity to conduct the tissue culture study in his laboratory. Furthermore, I thank to all other teachers and lab mates, in special to Aldwkali Alkeskas for teaching me, to Susan Joseph for her support and for her friendship during my time in Britain. I'm also grateful to my house-mates there in Clifton, Nottingham, Cèlie and Mert, for the enriching conversations, for the shared time and for their friendship. I thank the Laboratori de Salut Pública, Agencia de Protecció de la Salut, Tarragona, Spain, and IRTA (Research and Technology Food and Agriculture) of Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain for providing me with shellfish samples and to Jaume Cabré at the WWTP in Reus, Spain, for his help in providing us the access to sampling points. This acknowledgement extends to all who have participated as co-authors in the studies included in this thesis. My sincere thanks also goes to the external reviewers, Dr. Sarah de Smet and Dr. Dang Duong Bang, who agreed to review this thesis and whose comments improved it significantly. UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTE Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 I am deeply and forever indebted to my family: My parents José and Norma, my sister Monica and my brother José for their guidance and love, which made it possible for me to finish my undergraduate studies; especially to my brother Jorge who motivated me to follow this career. To my family-in-law who welcomed me: to Eliana and Sergio, and Felipe and Vivian, who raised my loved wife, and are always there to support us. To Mabel, Cristian and Colomba for their love and support. Also to all uncles and cousins who were always encouraging me to keep going, especially to Aunt Tere and Maly, who surely are somewhere taking care of us. Words could never adequately express my gratitude to my loving wife Karin and our precious children Fabian and Gabriela, who had to leave family, friends and part of their lives behind in Chile, to supporting me in this adventure. I’m proud of your fortitude because I know that this change was not an easy one. Certainly, this success is also yours because without your love and support I'd never have finished this thesis. I love you all so much !!!. Last but not least, I acknowledge the Universitat Rovira i Virgili for my doctoral grant, as well as to Conicyt, Chile for their financial support through Becas Chile. Some of the studies included in this thesis were supported by project AGL2011-30461-C02-02 of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain and/or by funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme ([FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement n° 311846). I also acknowledge the travel grant obtained to participate in the 16th International Workshop on Campylobacter, Helicobacter and Related Microorganisms, Vancouver, Canada. UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTE Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 EXAMINATION COMMITTEE Dr. Jesús López Romalde Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIBUS), Departament of Microbiology and Parasitology University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain Dr. Josepa Gené Departament of Basic Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus, Spain Dr. Sandra McLellan Great Lakes Water Institute, School of Freshwater Sciences University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA SUBSTITUTES Dr. Dolors Furones Nozal Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentària (IRTA) Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain. Dr. Josep Cano Departament of Basic Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Reus, Spain Dr. Andrea Serraino Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna, Italy EXTERNAL EVALUATORS Dr. Sarah De Smet Het Varkensloket, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Melle, Belgium Dr. Dang Duong Bang Laboratory of Applied Micro and Nanotechnology (LAMINATE), Diagnosis Technology, Division of Food Microbiology National Food Institute, Teknical University of Denmark Søborg, Denmark UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI SANITARY IMPORTANCE OF ARCOBACTE Arturo Levican Asenjo Dipòsit Legal: T.1425-2013 CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The genus Arcobacter……………………………………………………………………… 3 1.1.1 Methods for the characterization of new species 1.1.1.1 16S rRNA gene……………………………………………………………….
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tesis Doctoral 2014 Filogenia Y Evolución De Las Poblaciones Ambientales Y Clínicas De Pseudomonas Stutzeri Y Otras Especies
    TESIS DOCTORAL 2014 FILOGENIA Y EVOLUCIÓN DE LAS POBLACIONES AMBIENTALES Y CLÍNICAS DE PSEUDOMONAS STUTZERI Y OTRAS ESPECIES RELACIONADAS Claudia A. Scotta Botta TESIS DOCTORAL 2014 Programa de Doctorado de Microbiología Ambiental y Biotecnología FILOGENIA Y EVOLUCIÓN DE LAS POBLACIONES AMBIENTALES Y CLÍNICAS DE PSEUDOMONAS STUTZERI Y OTRAS ESPECIES RELACIONADAS Claudia A. Scotta Botta Director/a: Jorge Lalucat Jo Director/a: Margarita Gomila Ribas Director/a: Antonio Bennasar Figueras Doctor/a por la Universitat de les Illes Balears Index Index ……………………………………………………………………………..... 5 Acknowledgments ………………………………………………………………... 7 Abstract/Resumen/Resum ……………………………………………………….. 9 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………. 15 I.1. The genus Pseudomonas ………………………………………………….. 17 I.2. The species P. stutzeri ………………………………………………......... 23 I.2.1. Definition of the species …………………………………………… 23 I.2.2. Phenotypic properties ………………………………………………. 23 I.2.3. Genomic characterization and phylogeny ………………………….. 24 I.2.4. Polyphasic identification …………………………………………… 25 I.2.5. Natural transformation ……………………………………………... 26 I.2.6. Pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance …………………………….. 26 I.3. Habitats and ecological relevance ………………………………………… 28 I.3.1. Role of mobile genetic elements …………………………………… 28 I.4. Methods for studying Pseudomonas taxonomy …………………………... 29 I.4.1. Biochemical test-based identification ……………………………… 30 I.4.2. Gas Chromatography of Cellular Fatty Acids ................................ 32 I.4.3. Matrix Assisted Laser-Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight
    [Show full text]
  • Profile of Nutrition and Hazards of Om-Elkholool (Donax Trunculus) and Gandofly (Ruditapes Decussatus) Clams from Alexandria, Egypt
    International Journal For Research In Agricultural And Food Science ISSN: 2208-2719 Profile of Nutrition and Hazards of Om-Elkholool (Donax Trunculus) and Gandofly (Ruditapes Decussatus) Clams From Alexandria, Egypt Sherief Mohammed Sayed Abd-Allah Assistant Professor, Department of Food Hygiene "Meat Hygiene", Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt Email:[email protected] ABSTRACT Clams are delicate nutritious food; however they can harbor potential health hazards. The current work aimed to investigate and compare some of the nutritive criteria and hazards of Om-Elkholool (Donax trunculus) and Gandofly (Ruditapes decussatus) clams sold at Alexandria, Egypt. A total of 46 samples (22 of Om-Elkholool and 24 of Gandofly) were randomly collected from fish retailers during summer of 2017. Samples were analyzed for proximate composition (dry matter, moisture, protein, fat, and ash %). The carbohydrates and energy content was calculated. The count of coliforms, fecal coliforms, E. coli and Cl. perfringenes (MPN/g) was determined. Concentration (mg/kg) of lead and cadmium in 10 randomly selected samples of each type were estimated. The dry matter, moisture, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrates percentages mean values for Om-Elkholool “Om” samples were 30.37±0.22, 69.60±0.21, 8.49±0.14, 1.29±0.03, 18.63±0.09, and 1.99±11, respectively, while for Gandofly “Gd” samples were 16.81±0.21, 83.28±0.2, 8.69±0.13, 1.22±0.03, 3.43±0.09, and 3.37±10, respectively. The gross energy content (Kcal/100g) mean value was 53.55±0.88 for Om and 59.24±0.85 for Gd.
    [Show full text]
  • Donacidae - Bivalvia)
    Bolm. Zool., Univ. S. P aub 3:121-142, 1978 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF DON AX HANLEY ANUS PHILIPPI 1847 (DONACIDAE - BIVALVIA) Walter Narchi Department o f Zoology University o f São Paulo, Brazil ABSTRACT Donax hanleyanus Philippi 1847 occurs throughout the southern half o f the Brazilian littoral. The main organ systems were studied in the living animal, particular attention being paid to the cilia­ ry feeding and cleasing mechanisms in the mantle cavity. The anatomy, functioning of the stomach and the ciliary sorting mechanisms are described. The stomach unlike that of almost all species of Donax and like the majority of the Tellinacea belongs to type V, as defined by Purchon, and could be regarded as advanced for the Donacidae. A general comparison has been made between the known species of Donax and some features of Iphigenia brasiliensis Lamarck 1818, also a donacid. INTRODUCTION Very little is known of donacid bivalves from the Brazilian littoral. Except for the publications of Narchi (1972; 1974) on Iphigenia brasiliensis and some ecological and adaptative features on Donax hanleyanus, all references to them are brief descrip­ tions of the shell and cheklists drawn up from systematic surveys. Beach clams of the genus Donax inhabit intertidal sandy shores in most parts of the world. Donax hanleyanus Philippi 1847 is one of four species occuring through­ out the Brazilian littoral. Its known range includes Espirito Santo State and the sou­ thern Atlantic shoreline down to Uruguay (Rios, 1975). According to Penchaszadeh & Olivier (1975) the species occur in the littoral of Argentina. 122 Walter Narchi The species is fairly common in São Paulo, Parana and Santa Catarina States whe­ re it is used as food by the coastal population (Goffeijé, 1950), and is known as “na- nini” It is known by the name “beguara” (Ihering, 1897) in the Iguape region, but not in S.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of 16S Rrna and Virulence-Associated Genes Of
    pathogens Article Identification of 16S rRNA and Virulence-Associated Genes of Arcobacter in Water Samples in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal Rajani Ghaju Shrestha 1,2 , Yasuhiro Tanaka 3, Jeevan B. Sherchand 4 and Eiji Haramoto 2,* 1 Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan 2 Interdisciplinary Center for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan 3 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan 4 Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 1524, Nepal * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-55-220-8725 Received: 8 July 2019; Accepted: 25 July 2019; Published: 26 July 2019 Abstract: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter and five associated virulence genes (cadF, ciaB, mviN, pldA, and tlyA) in water samples in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. A total of 286 samples were collected from deep tube wells (n = 30), rivers (n = 14), a pond (n = 1), shallow dug wells (n = 166), shallow tube wells (n = 33), springs (n = 21), and stone spouts (n = 21) in February and March (dry season) and August (wet season), 2016. Bacterial DNA was extracted from the water samples and subjected to SYBR Green-based quantitative PCR for 16S rRNA and virulence genes of Arcobacter. The 16S rRNA gene of Arcobacter was detected in 36% (40/112) of samples collected in the dry season, at concentrations ranging from 5.7 to 10.2 log copies/100 mL, and 34% (59/174) of samples collected in the wet season, at concentrations of 5.4–10.8 log copies/100 mL.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 1: General Introduction and Aims 1.1 the Genus Cronobacter: an Introduction
    Diversity and virulence of the genus Cronobacter revealed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and comparative genomic analysis Susan Manju Joseph A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Nottingham Trent University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2013 Experimental work contained in this thesis is original research carried out by the author, unless otherwise stated, in the School of Science and Technology at the Nottingham Trent University. No material contained herein has been submitted for any other degree, or at any other institution. This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed in the owner(s) of the Intellectual Property Rights. Susan Manju Joseph ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my immense gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Stephen Forsythe for having offered me the opportunity to work on this very exciting project and for having been a motivating and inspiring mentor as well as friend through every stage of this PhD. His constant encouragement and availability for frequent meetings have played a very key role in the progress of this research project. I would also like to thank my co-supervisors, Dr. Alan McNally and Prof. Graham Ball for all the useful advice, guidance and participation they provided during the course of this PhD study.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence and Characteristics of Arcobacter Butzleri
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2005 Prevalence and characteristics of Arcobacter butzleri: a potential food borne pathogen - in fecal samples, on carcasses and in retail meat of cattle, pig and poultry in Switzerland Keller, Sibille ; Räber, Sibylle Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-163301 Dissertation Published Version Originally published at: Keller, Sibille; Räber, Sibylle. Prevalence and characteristics of Arcobacter butzleri: a potential food borne pathogen - in fecal samples, on carcasses and in retail meat of cattle, pig and poultry in Switzerland. 2005, University of Zurich, Vetsuisse Faculty. Institut für Lebensmittelsicherheit und -hygiene der Vetsuisse-Fakultät Universität Zürich Direktor: Prof. Dr. Roger Stephan Prevalence and characteristics of Arcobacter butzleri - a potential food borne pathogen - in fecal samples, on carcasses and in retail meat of cattle, pig and poultry in Switzerland Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Vetsuisse-Fakultät Universität Zürich vorgelegt von Sibille Keller Sibylle Räber Tierärztin Tierärztin von Meggen LU von Benzenschwil AG genehmigt auf Antrag von Prof. Dr. Roger Stephan, Referent Prof. Dr. Kurt Houf, Korreferent Zürich 2005 Sibille Keller Sibylle Räber Für meine Eltern Für meine Eltern Margrith und Peter Kathrin und Roland Content page 1 Summary 3 2 Introduction 4 3 Arcobacter, a potential foodborne
    [Show full text]
  • DEVELOPMENT of MOLECULAR TOOLS to ASSESS WHETHER ARCOBACTER BUTZLERI IS an ENTERIC PATHOGEN of HUMAN BEINGS ANDREW L WEBB Bachel
    DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR TOOLS TO ASSESS WHETHER ARCOBACTER BUTZLERI IS AN ENTERIC PATHOGEN OF HUMAN BEINGS ANDREW L WEBB Bachelor of Science, University of Lethbridge, 2011 A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of the University of Lethbridge in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Biological Sciences University of Lethbridge LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA, CANADA © Andrew Lawrence Webb, 2016 DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR TOOLS TO ASSESS WHETHER ARCOBACTER BUTZLERI IS AN ENTERIC PATHOGEN OF HUMAN BEINGS ANDREW LAWRENCE WEBB Date of Defence: June 27, 2016 G. Douglas Inglis Research Scientist Ph.D. Thesis Co-Supervisor L. Brent Selinger Professor Ph.D. Thesis Co-Supervisor Eduardo N. Taboada Research Scientist Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Robert A. Laird Associate Professor Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Sylvia Checkley Associate Professor Ph.D., DVM External Examiner University of Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Canada Tony Russell Assistant Professor Ph.D. Chair, Thesis Examination Committee DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my partner Jen, who has been a source of endless patience and support. Furthermore, I dedicate this thesis to my parents, for their unwavering confidence in me and their desire to help me do what I love. iii ABSTRACT The pathogenicity of Arcobacter butzleri remains enigmatic, in part due to a lack of genomic data and tools for comprehensive detection and genotyping of this bacterium. Comparative whole genome sequence analysis was employed to develop a high throughput and high resolution subtyping method representative of whole genome phylogeny. In addition, primers targeting a taxon-specific gene (quinohemoprotein amine dehydrogenase) were designed to detect and quantitate A.
    [Show full text]
  • Arcobacter Butzleri – Lessons from a Meta- Analysis of Murine Infection Studies
    RESEARCH ARTICLE The Immunopathogenic Potential of Arcobacter butzleri – Lessons from a Meta- Analysis of Murine Infection Studies Greta Gölz1*, Thomas Alter1, Stefan Bereswill2, Markus M. Heimesaat2 1 Institute of Food Hygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2 Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany * [email protected] Abstract a11111 Background Only limited information is available about the immunopathogenic properties of Arcobacter infection in vivo. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of published data in murine infection models to compare the pathogenic potential of Arcobacter butzleri with Campylobacter jejuni and commensal Escherichia coli as pathogenic and harmless reference bacteria, respectively. OPEN ACCESS Citation: Gölz G, Alter T, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM Methodology / Principal Findings (2016) The Immunopathogenic Potential of -/- Arcobacter butzleri – Lessons from a Meta-Analysis Gnotobiotic IL-10 mice generated by broad-spectrum antibiotic compounds were perorally of Murine Infection Studies. PLoS ONE 11(7): infected with A. butzleri (strains CCUG 30485 or C1), C. jejuni (strain 81-176) or a commensal e0159685. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0159685 intestinal E. coli strain. Either strain stably colonized the murine intestines upon infection. At Editor: Sergei Grivennikov, Fox Chase Cancer day 6 postinfection (p.i.), C. jejuni infected mice only displayed severe clinical sequelae such Center, UNITED STATES as wasting bloody diarrhea. Gross disease was accompanied by increased numbers of Received: March 10, 2016 colonic apoptotic cells and distinct immune cell populations including macrophages and Accepted: July 5, 2016 monocytes, T and B cells as well as regulatory T cells upon pathogenic infection. Whereas A.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2012/0277127 A1 Hendrickson Et Al
    US 20120277127A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2012/0277127 A1 Hendrickson et al. (43) Pub. Date: Nov. 1, 2012 (54) METHODS, STRAINS, AND COMPOSITIONS Publication Classification USEFUL FOR MICROBALLY ENHANCED Int. C. OIL RECOVERY ARCOBACTER CLADE 1 (51) C09K 8/582 (2006.01) (75) Inventors: Edwin R. Hendrickson, Hockessin, CI2N L/20 (2006.01) DE (US); Scott Christopher Jackson, Wilmington, DE (US); Abigail K. Luckring, (US) (52) U.S. Cl. ...................................... 507/201:435/252.1 (73) Assignee: E. DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, Wilmington, DE (US) (57) ABSTRACT Appl. No.: Methods, microorganisms, and compositions are provided (21) 13/280,972 wherein oil reservoirs are inoculated with microorganisms (22) Filed: Oct. 25, 2011 belonging to Arcobacter clade 1 and medium including an electron acceptor. The Arcobacter strains grow in the oil Related U.S. Application Data reservoir to form plugging biofilms that reduce permeability (60) Provisional application No. 61/408,739, filed on Nov. in areas of Subterranean formations thereby increasing Sweep 1, 2010. efficiency, and thereby enhancing oil recovery. Patent Application Publication Nov. 1, 2012 Sheet 1 of 12 US 2012/0277127 A1 - - - - - - - us is us r u u ulu - ul |eunôl Patent Application Publication Nov. 1, 2012 Sheet 2 of 12 US 2012/0277127 A1 Patent Application Publication Nov. 1, 2012 Sheet 3 of 12 US 2012/0277127 A1 veenfil Patent Application Publication Nov. 1, 2012 Sheet 7 of 12 US 2012/0277127 A1 #7ºInfil Patent Application Publication Nov. 1, 2012 Sheet 8 of 12 US 2012/0277127 A1 G3Infil Patent Application Publication Nov.
    [Show full text]
  • Toll-Like Receptor-4 Dependent Small Intestinal Immune Responses Following Murine Arcobacter Butzleri Infection
    European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 5 (2015) 4, pp. 333–342 Original article DOI: 10.1556/1886.2015.00042 TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4 DEPENDENT SMALL INTESTINAL IMMUNE RESPONSES FOLLOWING MURINE ARCOBACTER BUTZLERI INFECTION Markus M. Heimesaat1,*, Gül Karadas2, André Fischer1, Ulf B. Göbel1, Thomas Alter2, Stefan Bereswill1, Greta Gölz2 1 Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany 2 Institute of Food Hygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany Received: October 27, 2015; Accepted: November 3, 2015 Sporadic cases of gastroenteritis have been attributed to Arcobacter butzleri infection, but information about the underlying im- munopathological mechanisms is scarce. We have recently shown that experimental A. butzleri infection induces intestinal, ex- traintestinal and systemic immune responses in gnotobiotic IL-10−/− mice. The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunopathological role of Toll-like Receptor-4, the receptor for lipopolysaccharide and lipooligosaccharide of Gram-negative bacteria, during murine A. butzleri infection. To address this, gnotobiotic IL-10−/− mice lacking TLR-4 were generated by broad- spectrum antibiotic treatment and perorally infected with two different A. butzleri strains isolated from a patient (CCUG 30485) or fresh chicken meat (C1), respectively. Bacteria of either strain stably colonized the ilea of mice irrespective of their genotype at days 6 and 16 postinfection. As compared to IL-10−/− control animals, TLR-4−/− IL-10−/− mice were protected from A. butzleri-induced ileal apoptosis, from ileal influx of adaptive immune cells including T lymphocytes, regulatory T-cells and B lymphocytes, and from increased ileal IFN-γ secretion. Given that TLR-4-signaling is essential for A.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Microbial Transformations of Organic Chemicals in Produced Fluid From
    Microbial transformations of organic chemicals in produced fluid from hydraulically fractured natural-gas wells Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Morgan V. Evans Graduate Program in Environmental Science The Ohio State University 2019 Dissertation Committee Professor Paula Mouser, Advisor Professor Gil Bohrer, Co-Advisor Professor Matthew Sullivan, Member Professor Ilham El-Monier, Member Professor Natalie Hull, Member 1 Copyrighted by Morgan Volker Evans 2019 2 Abstract Hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling technologies have greatly improved the production of oil and natural-gas from previously inaccessible non-permeable rock formations. Fluids comprised of water, chemicals, and proppant (e.g., sand) are injected at high pressures during hydraulic fracturing, and these fluids mix with formation porewaters and return to the surface with the hydrocarbon resource. Despite the addition of biocides during operations and the brine-level salinities of the formation porewaters, microorganisms have been identified in input, flowback (days to weeks after hydraulic fracturing occurs), and produced fluids (months to years after hydraulic fracturing occurs). Microorganisms in the hydraulically fractured system may have deleterious effects on well infrastructure and hydrocarbon recovery efficiency. The reduction of oxidized sulfur compounds (e.g., sulfate, thiosulfate) to sulfide has been associated with both well corrosion and souring of natural-gas, and proliferation of microorganisms during operations may lead to biomass clogging of the newly created fractures in the shale formation culminating in reduced hydrocarbon recovery. Consequently, it is important to elucidate microbial metabolisms in the hydraulically fractured ecosystem.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification by 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing of Arcobacter
    182 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Identification by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of Mol Path: first published as 10.1136/mp.55.3.182 on 1 June 2002. Downloaded from Arcobacter butzleri bacteraemia in a patient with acute gangrenous appendicitis SKPLau,PCYWoo,JLLTeng, K W Leung, K Y Yuen ............................................................................................................................. J Clin Pathol: Mol Pathol 2002;55:182–185 Aims: To identify a strain of Gram negative facultative anaerobic curved bacillus, concomitantly iso- lated with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus milleri, from the blood culture of a 69 year old woman with acute gangrenous appendicitis. The literature on arcobacter bacteraemia and arcobacter infections associated with appendicitis was reviewed. Methods: The isolate was phenotypically investigated by standard biochemical methods using conventional biochemical tests. Genotypically, the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of the bacterium was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The sequence of the PCR prod- uct was compared with known 16S rRNA gene sequences in the GenBank by multiple sequence align- ment. Literature review was performed by MEDLINE search (1966–2000). Results: The bacterium grew on blood agar, chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar to sizes of 1 mm in diameter after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C in 5% CO2. It grew at 15°C, 25°C, and 37°C; it also grew in a microaerophilic environment, and was cytochrome oxidase positive and motile, typically a member of the genus arcobacter. Furthermore, phenotypic testing showed that the biochemical profile See end of article for of the isolate did not fit into the pattern of any of the known arcobacter species.
    [Show full text]