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Figurative Languages in Adele's Album 25

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Figurative Languages in Adele's Album 25 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI FIGURATIVE LANGUAGES IN ADELE’S ALBUM 25 A SARJANA PENDIDIKAN FINAL PAPER Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Language Education By Joko Rahmanto Student Number: 121214165 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY 2017 i PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI iii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI MOTTO NOTHING IS WITHOUT GREAT EFFORTS iv PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI v PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT Rahmanto, Joko. (2017). Figurative Languages in Adele’s Album 25. English Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Yogyakarta: Universitas Sanata Dharma. Figurative language is “a way of saying one thing and meaning another” (Perrine 1963, p. 5). In the songs’ lyrics, there are a lot of examples of figurative languages. Sometimes, people need to think deeply to understand the meaning of figurative languages used in songs’ lyrics. This study is aimed to examine the figurative language types which are used in Adele’s album 25. The problem formulation of this study is, which types of figurative language are used in the lyrics of the songs in Adele’s album 25? The objective of this research is to find out the types of figurative language which are used in the Adele’s album 25. The writer employed Perrine’s (1963) theory to analyze the songs’ lyrics in Adele’s album 25 in order to find the figurative language types. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The data of this study was taken from the lyrics of the four chosen songs in Adele’s album 25. Then, the songs’ lyrics were analyzed in line by line to find out figurative languages. Next, the writer categorized the figurative languages which were found based on each type of figurative language. Finally, the writer explained the meaning of each figurative language from the data which were collected in each song. The result of this study shows that there are ten figurative language types which are used in Adele’s album 25. They are metaphor, simile, personification, apostrophe, synecdoche, metonymy, symbol, paradox, hyperbole and irony. Keywords: Figurative Language, Songs, Lyrics vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK Rahmanto, Joko. (2017). Figurative Languages in Adele’s Album 25. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, JPBS, FKIP, Yogyakarta: Universitas Sanata Dharma. Gaya bahasa adalah “cara mengatakan sesuatu tetapi mempunyai arti yang berbeda” (Perrine 1963, p. 5). Dalam lirik lagu-lagu, ada banyak gaya bahasa. Kadang kala, orang-orang perlu pemahaman yang lebih baik untuk memahami gaya bahasa yang terdapat pada lirik lagu-lagu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tipe-tipe gaya bahasa yang digunakan pada lirik lagu-lagu dalam album Adele yang berjudul 25. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah, tipe-tipe gaya bahasa apa saja yang digunakan pada lirik lagu-lagu dalam album Adele yang berjudul 25? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan tipe-tipe gaya bahasa yang digunakan pada lirik lagu- lagu dalam album Adele yang berjudul 25. Penulis menggunakan teori dari Perrine (1963) untuk menganalisa lirik lagu-lagu dalam album Adele yang berjudul 25 untuk menemukan tipe-tipe gaya bahasa yang digunakan pada lirik lagu-lagu tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data pada penelitian ini diambil dari lirik empat judul lagu yang terdapat dalam album Adele yang berjudul 25. Kemudian, lirik dari empat judul lagu tersebut dianalisa satu per satu untuk menemukan gaya bahasa yang ada pada tiap judul lagu tersebut. Setelah itu, penulis mengelompokkan gaya bahasa-gaya bahasa tersebut ke dalam masing-masing tipe gaya bahasa. Dan yang terakhir, penulis menjelaskan arti tiap gaya bahasa yang ditemukan pada masing-masing judul lagu. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya sepuluh tipe gaya bahasa yang digunakan pada lirik lagu-lagu dalam album Adele yang berjudul 25. Tipe-tipe gaya bahasa tersebut adalah metafora, simile, personifikasi, sinekdoke, apostrof, metonimi, simbol, paradoks, hiperbola, dan ironi. Kata kunci: Figurative Language, Songs, Lyrics viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to say thanks to The Most Merciful God for His blessings. Without His help, I would not go this far in completing this final paper. I also thank my parents, Drs. Soeradi Boedisiswoyo and Wahyu Astuti for their support that led me to completing this final paper. I would like also to thank Christina Lhaksmita Anandari, S.Pd., Ed.M. as my beloved final paper advisor. I would also like to say thank Dr. Emmanuel Sunarto, M.Hum., and Yohana Veniranda, M.Hum., Ph.D., for giving me feedbacks about making the final paper. I also thank them for helping me write my final paper and encouraging me to complete it. I would also like to thank Laurentia Sumarni, S.Pd., M.Trans.St., as she was there for helping me solve the problems I was facing and giving me advices during writing this final paper. Lastly, I would like to say thanks to Cila, Hendra, Aji, Riyo, Gheza, Doni, Vincent, Nanda, Erlin, Tessa, all other classmates from class F, Erick, Gudel, Ganang, Brian and other friends from batch 2012 who shared experiences and some precious information during my final paper writing. Joko Rahmanto ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE …………………………………………………………….. i APPROVAL PAGE ……………………………………………………… ii MOTTO PAGE …………………………………………………………... iv STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ………………………... v LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ………............. vi ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………… vii ABSTRAK …………………………………………………………………. viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ……………………………………………... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………... x CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ………………………………………….. 1 B. Approach of the Study …………………………………………….. 4 CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION A. Review of Related Literature ……………………………………… 8 1. Metaphor ………………………………………………………. 9 2. Simile ………………………………………………………….. 10 3. Personification ………………………………………………… 10 4. Apostrophe ……………………………………………………. 11 5. Synecdoche ……………………………………………………. 12 6. Metonymy ……………………………………………………... 12 7. Symbol ………………………………………………………… 13 8. Allegory ……………………………………………………….. 14 9. Paradox ………………………………………………………... 14 10. Hyperbole ……………………………………………………... 14 11. Irony …………………………………………………………... 15 B. Discussion …………………………………………………………. 16 1. Figurative Language Types in Adele’s Album 25……………… 16 a. Metaphor …………………………………………………... 16 b. Simile ……………………………………………………… 18 c. Personification ……………………………………………. 20 d. Apostrophe ……………………………………………….. 21 e. Synecdoche ………………………………………………... 22 f. Metonymy ……………………………………………….... 23 g. Symbol ……………………………………………………. 23 h. Paradox …………………………………………………..... 25 i. Hyperbole ………………………………………………..... 25 j. Irony ……………………………………………………..... 28 2. The Paraphrasing of The Songs’ Lyrics in Adele’s Album 25…. 29 a. When We Were Young ……………………………………... 30 b. Remedy …………………………………………………….. 30 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI c. River Lea ………………………………………………….. 31 d. Love You In The Dark ……………………………………… 32 CHAPTER III: CONCLUSIONS ………………………………………. 33 REFERENCES …………………………………………………………... 35 APPENDICES ……………………………………………………………. 36 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION This chapter consists of the background of the study and the approach of the study. The background of the study provides general information about the topic, problem formulation and objectives of the study. The approach of the study provides the description of samples and procedures of this research. A. Background Language is the most basic part of our life to communicate with each other. Goldstein (2008, p. 297) defines language as “a system of communication using sounds or symbols that enables us to express our feelings, thoughts, ideas, and experiences”. People take the use of language for granted in terms of daily conversations. Even with the ability to make a daily conversation each other, some people still find some difficulties in understanding the feelings, thoughts, ideas and experiences expressed in a language. One of the problems that people are facing in a language is the use of figurative languages. In a daily conversation, people sometimes say something without saying the literal meaning of it. Instead, they choose some languages which need interpretation of the hearers to understand what the people mean. For instance, when a person went camping alone for a couple of nights, then his friends might say, in a figurative way, that he is as brave as a lion. That remark is an example of a figurative language. 1 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 2 Figurative languages are not only used in a conversation. They are often found in literary works such as poems. According to Perrine (1963), poets use figurative languages as “another way of adding extra dimensions to language”. Then she adds that by using figurative languages, “we can say what we want to say more vividly and forcefully by figures than we can by saying it directly” (p. 65). Besides poem, figurative languages are often found in songs. In a song and poem, there are familiar terms i.e. lyric and lyrics. The term “lyrics” in the song are not the same as
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