The American Legion Magazine Is Publislitd Con: REP

THE AMERICAN 2 O c • N O V E E R 19 7 1

MAGAZINE ON THE GROWTH OF SOVIET MILITARY POWER

A NEW LOOK AT MARIJUANA

The Story of LAFITTE THE PIRATE

A Profile of the LEGION'S NEW COMMANDER

The American

NOVEMBER 1971

Voliinw 91 , Nnnibcr 5 LEGION CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box l!)54, Indianapolis, Ind. '16206 using Post Office Form 3578. Attacli old address label and Magazine give old and new addresses with ZIP Cn6t number and current membership card number. Also be sure to notify your Post Adjtuant.

CONTENTS FOR NOVEMBER 1971 The Aineiican Legion >IagaNew York, New York lOOl'l THE GROWTH OF SOVIET MILITARY POWER 6 Viiblhher. lamci 1-. OWcil BY ALBERT L. WEEKS Udilor Robert li. Pitlviu A report on Russia's arms buildup that has brought Ari Editor her close to taking over first place in world military power. Al iMarshall Assistant to Pitbliiher John Andreola Assistant Editor I:imes S. Swartz THE NATIONAL COMMANDER Associate Editor OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 12 Roy Miller Assistant Art Editor BY R. B. PITKIN Walter H. Boll Production Manager introduction Geiger, Plaines, III., An to John H. of Des who was Art Bretzfield elected in Houston, Tex., to head The American Legion in 1971-72. Copy Editor Grail S. Hanford Circulation Manager Dean B. Nelson Indianapolis, Ind. A NEW LOOK AT MARIJUANA 14 Advertising Sales Kobci L Redden Associates, Inc. BY ARTHUR S. FREESE 121 Cedar Lane Teaneck, N.J. 07666 The smoking of marijuana is undergoing fresh study by scientists. 201-836-5755 Their findings, based on new information, raise doubts about The American Legion the "harmless" label. Magazine Commission:

James K. Powers, Macon, Ga. (Chiiirman); Benjamin 13. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn. (Vice Chairman); James K. Kellcy, Radnor, Pa. (Na/ional Commander's Representative); Armstrong, Spokane, Wash.; Charles E. Booth, THE STORY OF LAFITTE THE PIRATE 20 Huntington, W. Va.; Raymond Fields, 0}{la- homa City, Olila.; Milford A. Forrester, Crecn- BY PEGGY ROBBINS ville, S.C.; Chris Hernandez, Savannah, Ga.; Mylio .S. Kraja, Yoimgstotvn, Ohio; Russell H. The legends surrounding the old Orleans pirate, New Jean Lafitte, Laird, Vcs Mnincs, Iowa; Howard E. Lohmau, are as thick as a bayou mist. Here's Lafitte's life as it was. Moorhead, Minn.; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, .V.y.; Arthur M. MacCarthy, Tallahassee, Fla.; Loyd McDermott, Benton, Ar/^.; Morris Meyer, Rouge, Slarl^ville , Miss.; J. H. Morris, Baton La.; Frank W. Naylor, Jr., Kansas City,

Kans.; Harry H. Schaffer, Pittsburgh , Pa.; SHOULD WE NORMALIZE RELATIONS George Sinopoli, Fresno, Calif.; George B. Stover, Jonestoivn, Pa.; Wayne I.. Talbert, Cornelius Tromp, Manhattan WITH RED CHINA? 26 Delphi, Ind.; J. 111.; Robert I-I. Wilder, Dadeville. Ala.; Ed- TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION ward McSweeney, Neiu Yor/^, N.Y. (Consult- ant); Chester K. SIioic, Helena. Mont. (Con- sultant). pro: sen. GEORGE McGOVERN (D-S.D.) The American Legion Magazine is publislitd con: REP. JOHN G. SCHMITZ (R-CALIF.) jnonthly at 1100 West Broadway, kouisville, Ky. 40201 by The American Legion. Copyright 1971 by The American Legion. Second-class COVER: DRAWING BY JAMES FLORA postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price: single copy, 20 cents; yearly subscription. $2.00. Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- Departments atlation Department of The .American Legion. P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. -16206.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION . ..37 Editorial and advertising offices: 1345 .\vcnuc of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019. A'holly owned by The American Legion wiili DATELINE WASHINGTON 19 PERSONAL 46 National Headquarters at Indianapolis, Ind. -16206. )olm 11. Gei.ger, National Commander. LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS 28 LEGION SHOPPER 60 NONMEMBER SUBSCRIPTIONS VETERANS NEWSLETTER 35 PARTING SHOTS 6? Send name, and address, including ZIP number, with %2 check or money order to Cirenla- tion Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Fndian.ipolis, Ind. 46206. POSTMASTER:

Manuscripts, artv;ark, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1954 stamped envelope is included. This magarine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited materlol. Indianapolis. Ind. 46206

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 1 .

an emphasis in the development of com- petency in nutritional care or food serv- LETTERS TO the editor ice management. Formal correspondence courses and courses sponsored by Vocational Home Economics are offered food service su- Letters piiMished do not necessarily ex- expressed in recent articles on the sub- pervisors presently employed in health press the policy of The American Legion. ject. I hope that many readers took ad- care facilities or educational institutions. Keep letters short.' Name and address must be iurnished. Expressions of opinion and vantage of your offer to supply them These programs are offered to upgrade requests ior personal service are appreci- with addresses of the can collection cen- the expertise of nutritional practices ated, hilt' they cannot be acknowledged or answered, due to lack of magazine staff jor ters in their states. and must have received prior approval purposes. Requests for personal serv- these Mrs. Molly Omohundro by the American Dietetic Association. ices which may be legitimately asked of The American Legion should be made to Detroit, Mich. There are many available positions for your Post Service Officer or your state (Department) American Legion Hq. Send these health careers. Qualified nutri- letters to the editor to: Letters. The Mrs. Omohundro is referring to the tional services are recommended as an Legion Magazine. 1345 Avenue of American printed pamphlets listing cities and ad- essential component of comprehensive the Americas. New York. N.Y. 10019. dresses where metal can recycling cen- health care. DESTROYING THE DUMP PILES ters have been set up in certain states. Mrs. Sandra Davis, R.D. sir; Your article, "The Easiest Way to To date, we have filled 532 requests for Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Destroy the Dump Piles" (August), is the pamphlets. The Univ. of Oklahoma Medical Center indicative of the widespread concern Oklahoma City, Okla. with environmental pollution. It indi- AMERICAN MEDICINE CAREERS cates several things that we, as consum- sir: Arthur S. Freese's article, "A Survey BARNUM ers, and therefore polluters, can do to of Careers That Need Filling in Amer- sir: Thank you for enriching our read- begin to put the brakes to our rampant ican Medicine" (July), was excellent. ing with "The Life of Phineas T. downgrading of the quality of life. As a faculty member of a School of Barnum" (Sept.). The article recalled to concerns the recycling of paper, Health Professions and a staff member mind a story found in a grade school especially newsprint and magazine of a teaching hospital, I am sorely aware reader of years past. One of young first financial stock, I have a suggestion that I feel of the need for more trained individuals Barnum's successful gains merits attention by your publication. to work in the health fields. I would like came about when he told a neighbor that Why don't you use recycled paper for to bring to your attention the area of he had seen a two-tailed dog. For the 25(- to one of your issues. I recently received Nutrition and Dietetics. There is a de- sum of the boy was "persuaded" an issue of a medical journal that has mand for registered dieticians (a bach- tell the neighbor where. Young P. T. re- seen in the done exactly that. I don't think they've elor's degree from an accredited college ported that he had said dog had time yet to evaluate whether or not with prerequisite courses in the areas of next town, coming around the corner the butcher with a pork tail it will be feasible for them to continue nutrition and institution administration, from shop to publish on recycled paper, but they followed by a dietetic internship pro- hanging from his mouth. have made a tremendous step in the gram or a Master's Degree—and success- Dolores Zukowski right direction. fully passing the registration exam) Thorp, Wis. Capt. Jeffrey D. Gold. MD Also, there is a relatively new career APO, New York in this field. Dietetic Technician. The ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS education requirements for this career MEMENTO SIR- Near Nettlebed and Highmoor in sir: Thank you very much for publish- are successful completion of an associate Oxfordshire, England, is a small, well- ing your article on recycling. It is an- degree program. It includes not less than (Continiied on page 4) other one of your informative articles two academic years, and experience with with constructive solutions for us to carry out on the solid-waste problem of

today. I found your article "The Only Way Out Of Pollution" (June 1970) tremendous for facts and a pollution-fighting guideline. Your most recent article will also be of great value. I agree with the article—the consumer must insist that items we buy must contain recycled materials. I have only one question: Is The American Legion Magazine printed on recycled paper? Lisa Ayn Gravitz Pittsjord, N.Y.

This magazine has taken the initiative to inquire of recycled paper sources. Paper stock meeting the specifications is not available. In today's technology, newsprint has only recently become available in recycled form, and a few grades only a little less coarse are beginning to appear.

sir: Your article on destroying the dump piles was the best I've seen on the subject. I wish that everyone concerned about the environment could read it. Jim McGurk Pittsburgh, Pa.

sir: Many thanks for your continuing efforts on behalf of the environment as

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 0)7e of n continuing series. E§mington, / How to pick a shotgun shell that gives you a sporting chance.

Remington hunters can help you pick the right (Incidentally, we make our own shot in our own shot towers, and it's shot size . . . and Remington engineers make sure made hard to prevent deformations. it travels straight and true. And we make sure it's round before

Some people have an idea that shot size "isn't all that criti- it goes into the shell. Hard shot is cal". But a hunter who tries to make do with whatever loads more apt to stay round when it he happens to have on hand can be making a big mistake. Ex- leaves the shell.) perienced hunters consider the kind of country they'll be hunting in, the kind of game they're after, when they're go-

. . is ing after it . then they decide what shot size best for that There are good reasons why we situation. Here are some of their ideas: put our "Power Piston" in a plastic Ducks. For close shooting over decoys they use No. 7'/2. shell. Properly made, a plastic shell

For middle range, the extra weight of No. 5 or 6 helps. And, stands up to bad weather. .. resists for long range or fast passes. No. 4 seems to work best. swelling, splitting or scuffing. And

Geese. Wallop is needed here . . . the kind delivered by big Remington and Peters shells are de- loads with large shot such as BB and No. 2. Many hunters signed to chamber perfectly. They prefer No. 4 for denser patterns at shorter ranges. also have a special lubricant coating Quail. For taking bobwhites early in the season when their to help prevent chamber corrosion. feathers are light. No. 9 shot is adequate. But as the season wears on, feathers get thicker and heavier, so most hunters switch to a No. 7V2 or 8 shot. Our patented "Kleanbore" Pheasants. For cornfield shooting where long shots are primer is a hunter's dream, because usual, better use No. 5. On a normal rise over dogs and for it won't rust or corrode shotgun all-around use, No. 6 is the favorite. barrels. These primers provide in- 1971 catalog goes into more detail about shot sizes (Our stantaneous ignition with up to for other species. It's yours, free for the writing.) Making 30% less firing-pin energy. And we take the time to match sure of your shot size is one thing. Making sure the shot gets the primer to the load. to where it's supposed to go is something else. That's why it pays to know a little about the complete shell before you Remington makes two types of shotgun shells: powerful chamber it. "Express" loads for long range, and "Shur Shot" field loads.

The key to successful shotgunning is "pattern". . . how the Peters makes "High Veloc- shot is grouped when it reaches the target. The pattern should ity" long-range loads and be dense enough to eliminate gaping holes for game to fly "Victor" field loads. through. (Barrel choke is important in patterning, too, and Our Model 1100 auto- will be covered in a future Remington Report.) The patented matic and 870 pump field Remington and Peters "Power Piston" one-piece wad starts shotguns are tested and you off with a greater chance of getting your game. matched with Remington and Peters ammunition. The result of that testing is that you tuck a real team under your arm when you go into the field. Since shotgun shells are usually the least expensive item on any hunting trip, why take chances with the wrong shell, when Remington or Peters shells can put the odds in your favor? Remington Reports is a continuing series based on infor- Since the "Power Piston" (photo on left) helps cushion the mation straight from the Remington experts who design and shot when it's fired and keeps it from flattening itself against engineer all Remington products. If you'd like to clip them the barrel, more shot stays round. (The picture above right is out to make your own hunting and shooting manual, we'll shot fired from a competitive shell.) And since round shot send you a free folder to keep them in. To get the folder and shoots straighter, you end up with about 10% more shot in the catalog, write: Remington Arms Company, Inc., Dept. your pattern than with old-style wads. 292, Bridgeport, Conn. 06602.

Great guns deserve great ammunition. We make both.

'Remington", "Peters", "Power Piston", "Shur Shot", "Kleanbore" and "Victor" are trademarl^s registered in the United States Patent OHice. "Express" and "High Velocity" are trademarks of Remington Arms Company, Inc.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVI^MBER 1971 3 Parish Council has adopted the little causes me concern, not only the publica- building and looks after it. tion of the classified information, but the LETTERS H. L. Gilbert Heath seeming deliberate attempt to discredit THE EDITOR Reading, England our country and our forces—the attacks TO on our leaders, the services, our law- REPLYING TO THE enforcement agencies, the support of WALL STREET JOURNAL draft dodgers, the critical reviews of our made "castle" or gatehouse which I sup- sir: It pleases me to commend you on courts and laws, the big play given to posed was all that was left of a little the letter to Mr. Phillips in re- riots and civil disturbances the garden which allied forces who were Warren and gard to the May 19th article in the Wall headline stories that tend to cause peo- camped in the area during WW2 left in Street Journal. Your letter was printed ple to think that America is headed in its entirety in the Hoosier Legion- down a dark road of no return. Now naire, which was received in my office I know that all newspapers, publications yesterday; and I am glad to see the and radio and TV stations are not bad, article written by you ("Another Sad so do not want to get misunderstood. Note on American Journalism" August) But it only takes a few to cause the which will call to the attention of every misunderstanding about so many things. Legionnaire that the Journal has indeed Jim Marion departed from the policy of authentic Columbus, Ohio reporting. Please accept the gratitude of this office and of the 70,000-plus Voy- ASKS HISTORICAL ITEMS FOR ageurs who are indeed dedicated Le- 3RD INFANTRY DIVISION MUSEUM gionnaires, to the man. sir: Efforts are currently underway in Joel A. Bunch, Correspondant National this command to establish a 3rd Infantry memoriam. Local people have told me La Societe Des 40 Hommes et 8 Chevaux Division Museum to display the history that it was made by the Poles who, true Indianapolis, hid. of this distinguished combat division. enough, had camped there. But a corre- Historical items pertaining to the divi- spondent on the Daily Telegraph says sir: I have just read your story con- sion are needed to complete the museum that during the war she worked on a cerning the Wall Street Journal. You are displays—memorabilia from WWl, WW2 mobile refreshment lorry serving the to be commended, especially for being and the Korean conflict. Anyone who area and that at that time an American so kind with your remarks. It is hard to wishes to donate items to the museum Engineer unit was in the area. Their in- understand how you could keep your should forward them to: signia in fact was such a castle as shown "cool" under the circumstances. Maj. Ernest W. Bolton in the photograph and that is why they The actions of our newspapers over 3rd Administration Company left it as a memento. the past few weeks in connection with Information Officer But there is still an element of doubt the publication of classified information 3rd Infantry Division as to its builders. I gather that the local and their "don't give a damn" attitude APO New York 09036

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A quality product of Philip Moms U.S.A.

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 a

SOVOFO TO

The Growth

A Russian control center for missile launching sites. How Russia's arms buildup has

unsettled the world's military balance of power.

By ALBERT L. WEEKS buildup for the benefit of Senators and surface navy—which, added to their sub- Congressmen who serve on the armed marine force and the aircraft they have capable of striking jointly against our navy, GROWTH of Soviet military power services and appropriations committees THE could seriously challenge our forces." has knocked the world balance of and subcommittees of Congress. The Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army, power out of whack, and shows no signs The highest ranking U.S. military Gen. William C. Westmoreland, had this of letting up. commander below the President, Ad- to say in hearings before a subcommittee Freely available information—as well miral Thomas H. Moorer, Chairman of of the Committee on Appropriations of as intelligence reports, air photos and the Joint Chiefs of Staff, describes the the House of Representatives, March 16, space photos on what is not freely avail- situation as follows: 1971:

able—show a disturbing pattern of an "Our comfortable lead ... in strategic "It is quite apparent that, while a general around-the-clock Soviet effort not only military power . . . has all but vanished and nuclear war is unlikely, the United States within the next five or six years we could does face the continued threat of conven- to reach military "parity" with the actually find ourselves in a position of over- tional warfare in the years head. We expect United States, but to take over first place all strategic inferiority, certainly as far as the Soviet Union and Soviet-supported na- in world military power. numbers of offensive delivery vehicles and tions to maintain or perhaps increase their More disturbing, the bulk of Soviet megatons, and air defense systems, are con- pressure against the United States and our cerned." allies, both in Europe and the Middle East arms deployment and growth is in offen- The chief of naval aviation (Vice —including the threat of nulcear blackmail sive capabilities, while the bulk of ours Chief of Naval Operations), Vice Ad- in Europe. We expect Communist China and and of our friends' is defensive. In terms other communist regimes to maintain simi- miral Ralph W. Cousins, put it this way: of the power balance of the world, the lar pressure in Asia. . . . And finally, until "In the . . . eight years . . . 1963-71 . . . the ball the time comes when there are no aggres- 1970"s are a brand new game. Soviets ... have built for themselves a sors, when nobody is threatening our na- Compared to the United States, the strategic nuclear capability which has now tional security and vital interests, when reached parity with our own. ... In the years Soviet Union now has more intercon- peace and good will prevail among all na- immediately ahead in the absence of suc- tinental ballistic missiles: a bigger atomic — tions, we [may] relax our military posture cess in the so-called "Salt" negotiations weapons punch: more advanced strategic only at great peril." [strategic arms limitation talks] they could — Gen. Andrew J. Goodpaster, Supreme weapons in the testing and deployment decisively pull ahead of us in the strategic Allied Commander in Europe, recently stage: more combat aircraft: more sub- nuclear field. . . . They have at the same warned: marines: greater army manpower, and time brought forth another military miracle. To complement the tremendous superiority 'The balance of security ... in Europe a higher percentage of annual income of the army and air force that they have ... is shifting in favor of the Soviet bloc. . . . devoted to military research, military de- always maintained on the Eurasian Con- The Warsaw Pact forces . . . form a concen- velopment, and military power in being. tinent, they have built a powerful navy— tration of military power that exceeds any-

It also has a greater military training

depth in its civilian population through

its paramilitary system and the universal military conscription of its youth. The Soviets are behind us in other things, but driving to move ahead. By the mid-1970's the U.S.S.R. will probably surpass us in submarine-launched missiles, surface warships, many types of advanced and improved weapons for delivery by land-based missiles, subs and strategic bombers, and in the global

reach of its overall military power. The offensive nature of much of this

Soviet growth is extremely sobering to our intelligence specialists and military commanders. It's not a very pretty picture, as our military leaders point out. American staff commanders, intelligence officers and Soviet specialists are all filling in the outlines of the Soviet military In arms development, the U.S.S.R. spends more of its income than the U.S.

g THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 Soviet Military Power

An ICBM displayed in iVIoscow's Red Square. Since Arms Limitation Talks opened in 1969, Soviet ICBMs have increased by 50%.

thing the world has previously seen. These "It is obvious that we are not in as good vilian specialists, the following appraisals Soviet forces far exceed anything that is a bargaining position as we were in 1962. cover the situation with respect to sev- required solely for defense." and if our military retrenchment and Rus- eral facets of armed strength. Gen. Jimmy Doolittle, who com- sia's increasing military strength continue, as in the recent past, our relative position Intercontinental ballistic missiles: We manded the ship-launched B-25 air raid will deteriorate rapidly from now on. In the had an edge by a ratio of about eight to over Tokyo in WW2. has kept up on his light of present national problems and two in 1965. According to our military homework since the days of his active policies we can only hope that they may testimony, the Soviets today have the service in the USAF. His alarm at the slow down." edge by about 13 to 10. We are produc- Soviet arms buildup is reflected in these According to the best intelligence ing no more ICBMs but the Soviets are remarks that were read into the Congres- figures given by our top military leaders, and their advantage by the mid-1970's sional Record last spring: mihtary experts of lower rank and ci- will be about 16 to 10. Though our military men are sometimes believed to SOVOFOTO exaggerate, they are more conservative regarding Soviet ICBMs than several civilian study and research groups. The London-based Institute for Strategic Studies puts the Soviet advantage at about 15 to 10 today, while the Foreign Policy Research Institute in Philadelphia

thinks it may already be about 19 to 10. The latter group says that the Soviets increased their ICBMs by some 800 while negotiating with us on strategic weapons limitations. Military aircraft: Both powers are re- ducing their numbers of strategic bombers in favor of strategic missiles. In 1965 we had 780 such bombers to their 200. Today we have 500 to their 195. By the mid-1970's we'll have about 350 to their 100. But in combat aircraft, land based, By mid-1970, the Soviet Union will surpass the U.S. in the global reach of its military power. they and we each had a little over 4.000

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 7 CONTINUED cated devices. We have maneuverable The Growth of Soviet Military Power and recoverable space satellites and re- connaissance planes that can better 2,000 in 1965. Today they have 10.000 to our about 425 submarines to our 120. mph, like the SR-71. The photos these 8.500. By the mid-1970"s they'll still Army manpower: The Soviets have satellites and planes deliver can make have about 10.000 while we'll have re- been maintaining between 2 million and out a car parked at a supermarket from duced ours to about 6.500 at the present 2.3 million men under arms and are ex- 15 miles up. rate. pected to continue to do so. Between All of our sources together tell us that Attack aircraft carriers: The Soviets 1965 and 1970, we went from below a for six years the Soviets have been build- don't seem to care for these, preferring million to a little above, and expect to ing offensive striking force, while state- seaborne missiles to ship-based planes. have about 750,000 in the mid-1 970's. ments originating in Moscow indicate They have no true aircraft carriers, and Vietnam accounted for our rise, and our that first-strike strategy may be underly- there's no indication that they plan any. newer Vietnam policy accounts for our ing the whole buildup. We had 16 in 1965, we now have 14 subsequent decline. Speaking of the offensive weapons de- and will probably have cut back to eight veloped recently by the Soviets, Gen. by the mid-1970's. But the Soviets, since The general size and capabilities of Bruce K. Holloway, Commander-in- 1965, have deployed two guided-missile. our armaments are an open book. Some Chief of SAC, told the House Appro- helicopter-carrying ships, the Moskva of the Soviets' power is visible and more priations Committee a few months ago: and the Leningrad. of it is veiled in secrecy. Our total intelli- "A full appreciation of the growing Soviet

threat requires an examination of its . . . Snhniarine launched missiles: We had gence picture is put together with a of-

fensive forces. . . . Our strategic forces are 464 to the Soviets' 120 in 1965. Today genius for relating and interpreting in- outnumbered and outclassed. . . . Over the we've stopped increasing them. We have complete facts and the use of sophisti- past five years we have seen the Soviets 656 to the Soviets' 300. By the mid-

1970's we'll still have 656 while the So- viets will go past us—with 900 or so by then. Surface navy: While we are cutting ours back, the Soviets are pushing ahead. In fighting ships, we had 380 to their 270 in 1965. Numbers don't tell the story, as both sides are putting more wallop in many individual craft, but the

outlook is that by the mid-1970's we'll

have 1 80 while they'll have between 250 and 300. In offensive seapower, the So-

viet navy is growing in ways that counting hulls doesn't indicate. Submarines: The Soviets passed us long since. They had 310 to our 133 in

1965. In the mid-1970's they'll have The Soviets have outpaced us in combat aircraft, and will widen the gap in the 70's.

Evidence of the Soviet navy's dramatic growth can be seen in all the world's waters.

THE /iM'^R'CflN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 sovoForo tical leaders apprised of what his capabilities are. The message of these war games reflects the almost universal intelligence appraisal of the Soviet mili-

tary today as one that has increased its

offensive capabilities and is steadily increasing them more. For what actual purpose?

When it comes to Soviet intent, that

is a guessing game which it is the responsibility of our political leaders to play, and play correctly. Nations and their political leaders, in their desire not to see trouble, have often tended to play down the aggressive intent of other nations. They have often been right, but in the particular case of a nation that

was speedily building its oftensive power

it has time and again been disastrous and tragic to ignore the omens. Virtually every powerful nation that has gone on an offensive weapons spree in this century has initiated major warfare even-

tually, so it is not necessary to recite the modern cases to those now living. None of the great aggressors of history have deceived their neighbors. They all said what they were up to. and they

had to say it in order to prepare their own people. While they sometimes pro- tested their peacefulness in statements for foreign consumption, their day-today statements for home consumption, and their internal actions, were so frank

that it required self-deceit abroad to misread them.

There is nothing, today, in the Soviet homefront materials—or in the pattern of leadership that is being pushed to the front in the Soviet Union—that conflicts with free world military intelligence In 1969, Russia had 160 submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Today, she has 300. appraisals that the Soviet Union is gird- equal and surpass us in the total number of PHASE II. Exploitation of the weap- ing itself for offensive warfare. strategic missiles. This same trend is also onry, technology and resources of the Since the ouster of Khrushchev in evident in total megaton measurement." newly-conquered areas, particularly October. 1964. many of the most radical Brig. Gen. Harry N. Cordes, Deputy those of Western Europe, for the further and adventurous military men and plans Chief of Intelligence at SAC. wrote in crippling of the United States and the have come to the fore. The more Air Force Magazine last July of the destruction and/or neutralization of "hawkish" of the marshals and admirals Soviet emphasis on offensive weapons: those of its allies who may still be fight- have been promoted under Brezhnev "An inescapable fact of the 1970's is the ing. and Kosygin. Soviet Union's inventory of power and modern strategic weapons approaching—and in PHASE III. Recovering from the de- When Khrushchev denounced Stalin some cases, surpassing—ours in quantity struction wrought upon the Soviets' own in 1956. he hinted that in the last months and in quality. . . . One fact of traditional territory, in the first exchange of stra- of his reign Stalin was planning bold, Soviet military policy must be considered: tegic weapons; ensuring the collaboration new military ventures. Today, the Chief a reliance on mass—the concentration of arms at the critical place and time to the in the reconstruction effort of intimi- of Staff of the Warsaw Pact Forces is maximum extent possible."' dated smaller nations. Gradual assump- Gen. S. M. Shtemenko. who was Stalin's Several of our military men and civil- tion of control over the bulk of the last Chief of Stafi^. ian experts on Soviet military policy and world's population. The Commander in Chief of the War- strategy have tried to understand the While this is just a war-game projec- saw Pact is Marshal I. I. Yakubovsky. situation by "war gaming" from a Soviet tion, it reflects a capability toward which He has been one of the outspoken Mos- standpoint. One such projection looks the Soviets appear to be building stra- cow hawks, and. with Shtemenko. ap- something like this: tegically. It is rather similar to war games parently masterminded the invasion and PHASE I: Surprise attack against the some of our military experts have occupation of "fraternal" Czechoslo- United States, severely crippling and "played" for the benefit of Congress- vakia in 1968. disabling us as the citadel, arsenal and men who have asked in committee hear- Marshal A. A. Grechko was Yakubov- symbol of Western freedom. Simultane- ings what the Soviet strategy might be. sky's predecessor in the Warsaw Pact ous invasion and occupation of key It is not the central duty of our mili- Forces. In 1967 he was kicked upstairs areas in Asia and Western Europe, using tary intelligence to guess what the intent to head the whole Soviet Ministry of conventional forces and tactical atomic of a potential enemy may be, but at all Defense, a job held by a civilian in most weapons. times to keep our commanders and poli- countries. In 1963 he laid down his ex-

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 9 — —

CONTINUED larger share of her total wealth. One re- The Growth of Soviet Military Power sult has been the big, missile-borne over- killers like the SS-9s, SS-I Is and SS-13s. tremely hawkish personal doctrine that: ters in print. Brezhnev was assigned by lohn S. Foster, Director of Research "The Communist Party and the Soviet Stalin, during his last months, to be and Engineering in the U.S. Defense Government base their military policy on Deputy Political Commissar of the Department, puts it this way: the fact that as long as disarmament has not Soviet army and navy. Since he has as- "The Soviet Union has now created a na- been implemented, the armed forces of the sumed the most powerful spot in Soviet tional research and development base larger Soviet Commonwealth must always be su- than ours— in [military] manpower and perior to those of the imperialists." leadership he has appointed several of spending—and apparently almost equal to On its face, this seems to mean su- the formerly outspoken hawk types to ours in quality." high perior to all the Western powers com- positions while ordering an end to Our total defense spending is about bined. Grechko's Chief of Staff has been open debate about military strategy 7% of our national income. In the

Marshal M. V. Zakharov. one of the especially all discussions of the advan- U.S.S.R. it comes to between 10% and more obvious sabre-rattlers in the de- tages of the first strike, or surprise attack. 15%. This has prompted Hanson Bald- fense ministry. He was replaced last Aggressive statements can be wind, win—the former Military Editor of the September by another, Viktor G. and the appointment of the more belli- New York Times, now Roving Editor Kulikov. gerent leaders to high posts could be on for the Reader's Digest—to remark: Khrushchev, for all his ranting, stood merit (though their belligerence would "Moscow is making continuing and steady for more butter than guns. The reasons nonetheless affect policy). But the re- progress toward a first-strike nuclear capa-

bility. . . . The Soviets have plainly for his demotion were highly complex, adjustments of Soviet economic planning opted for guns instead of butter." but one of the broadest patterns behind and the allocation of resources since Though the Soviet militarists played his ouster, and behind his recent burial Khrushchev's ouster are foreboding. a large role in ousting Khrushchev, they with less than the highest honors, was a Here are some of them: didn't silence his animosity toward them. resurgence of the Stalinism that he op- 1. Increased military expenditures in Before he died he complained in his posed and a successful political revolt of total rubles and as a larger part of Soviet memoirs that: the Soviet military against his efforts to income. "I know from experience that the leaders put them in second place. 2. Increased expenditures on strategic of the [Soviet] armed forces can be very per- Between 1963 and 1971, the follow- weaponry. sistent in claiming their share when it comes

time to allocate funds. . . . Unfortunately, there's a tendency for people who run the armed forces to be greedy and self-seek-

ing. . . . The living standard of the country suffers when the budget is overloaded with allocations to unproductive branches of consumption. And today as yesterday, the most unproductive expenditures are those made

on the armed forces. ... I can't help notic- ing that the economizing trend we [Khrush- chev] started seems to have been reversed, that now money is being wasted on unnecessary items and categories and that this new trend of military overspending is put- Moorer Cousins Westmoreland Goodpaster Doolittle ting a pinch on some of the more important, These military leaders no longer speak confidently of America's military superiority. but still underfinanced areas of our country's life." ing statements appeared in various 3. Acceleration of the production of He also warned that: organs of the Defense Ministry. conventional (non-atomic) weapons and "We must make sure that we don't allow ourselves to get involved in a lot of sense- 1. "Imperialism in every way main- the training of conventional forces less competition with the West over military tains its aggressive stance." beyond the level in Khrushchev's later spending. . . . We must ask, 'Where is the " 2. "The Socialist forces are achieving years. end to this spiraling competition?' superiority over the imperialist forces." 4. Accelerated production of a great And where was its start? 3. "The U.S.S.R. must expand the range of weapons for all purposes. These It is difficult to find events in the world international tasks of its armed forces." include late-design automatic infantry since 1963 to justify the Soviet arms 4. "The first rockets and bombers of weapons, tanks, artillery, mortars, engi- buildup as a defense measure. The the side on the defensive (i.e. the Soviet neering equipment, anti-air and anti-tank Western nations have not increased ten- side) would take off even before the weapons—some of which have shown up sions in any way that threatens the aggressors" first rockets—to say nothing in Vietnam and the Arab states. Soviet Union. They have tried more of their bombers—reached their targets." 5. Accelerated training and equipping sincerely than the Soviets to reduce 5. The Soviet forces must "skillfully of airborne forces. them. Few people would think the grow- apply surprise." 6. Reduction of the starting age for ing hostility of Red China required the The first three statements were pub- military training in school to age ten, and great increase in Russian armed might,

lished this year. The last two, both of the lowering (in 1967) by one year of though there's little doubt that it has which cloak aggressive plans under the the draft age. frightened Red China and perhaps umbrella of "defense." are unusually In dollars and cents, the United States strongly motivated her to open talks careless. They were both made in 1963 was spending $7.5 billion on strategic with President Nixon. when—due to internal dissension at the weaponry in 1969. the Soviet Union was Our stance in Vietnam in no way end of Khrushchev's years at the helm spending about $13 billion. threatened Soviet security. It may have more was said than ordinarily reached Both nations spend a good deal on persuaded Russia that her "liberation Western ears. Many of the present research and development in weaponry war" technique wasn't going to work, leaders then revealed more about their of all sorts. Ours is a small proportion and that she needed more power herself views than we usually get. of our national income—about half of to implement her overseas ambitions. Since Brezhnev & Co. have come to one percent. The Soviet Union puts Her increasing direct participation in power, a lid has been clamped down about $3 billion a year more than we do the Arab world with her new muscles over frank discussion of such mat- into such development, which is a much reinforces this possibility.

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 The history of the Cuban missile crisis Admiral Cousins then went on to note worse, instead of being behind us. may be the ominous key to the buildup. how American history is full of periods Seven members of a 16-man civilian Then the Soviets tried a bold, aggressive when we dangerously cut back our Presidential panel appointed by Presi- stroke and had to eat crow when Pres- forces only to invite aggressors. dent Nixon to study our defenses in ident Kennedy called them on it. It is "Witness our near disarmament after 1970 summed it up this way: plausible that the Soviets are biding their WW2. We did the same after WWl. We "Since WW2, a degree of world order time and building their strength for a are moving again in that direction, as we has been maintained by the dominance similar aggression in the future, deter- wind down an unpopular war—a long of U.S. strategic military strength. Now. mined to see it through next time. war, alien in its concept and method however, in a dramatic shift in the bal-

Many times in the past we have suc- from any ever fought by us before. . . . ance of power, largely unnoticed by the cessfully confronted aggressive Soviet The largest part of the country seems public, the quarter-century of clear U.S. overseas adventures. They either backed weary and dispirited, anxious to end strategic superiority had ended. If the down or a struggle ensued which fore- the draft, lower the budge*^ and end the observable trends continue, the United stalled their initial aims. killing. . . . But as we wind down that States will become a second-rate power This happened in Iran in 1946; in war I would urge that we not thought- incapable of assuring the future security Greece and Turkey in the 1940's and lessly throw away the gains we have and freedom of its people. . . . Thus the 1950's; in Berlin in 1948 and again in made by our sacrifices." situation that our country faces is with- 1961; in Korea in 1950-53; in the Near Cousins' remarks certainly apply to out precedent. There is no longer any East in 1956; in Cuban waters in 1962; the general tenor of feeling in the United certainty that our nuclear deterrent will in Vietnam from 1965 to the present. But in the future will the Soviets continue to be deterred if our relative de- ml terrent ability weakens? An interesting "war game" would re- construct one of these actual Soviet adventures today, rather than pose a purely imaginary Soviet thrust. Take the Cuban missile crisis of 1962. One modern ending would have the American President make the same challenge Kennedy did—confronting Soviet ships carrying missiles to Cuba with U.S. warships—only to see the Soviets Russia's overall military manpower exceeds ours by more than 1 million. open fire with their new military capa- SOVOFOTO bilities. Another ending might see the Ameri- can President capitulate without a challenge, out of a sense of American military inferiority that was absent in Kennedy's day. The present Soviet arms buildup started almost immediately after they backed down when Kennedy called them on Cuba. Today, their seapower is vastly greater. Witness this account of a recent Soviet global exercise at sea as told by Admiral Cousins:

"In April fof 1970] . . . they [the So- viet Navy] conducted another naval ex- Left, Russian youths in navy beginner's course. Right, army military class for teen-agers. ercise which they labeled 'Okean,' or 'Ocean.' This time they employed about States. It has been a long-standing remain credible to a Soviet Union which 150 surface ships, 50 submarines, and posture of the world's communists that, apparently seeks a pre-emptive-strike several hundred planes. The surface if they kept the pressure on, the free capability, and which is moving rapidly ships included two new, guided-missile. world would tire of vigilance in the into the role of the world's dominant helicopter carriers and a number of long run and lose its freedom by de- military power." new, fast, missile-equipped cruisers and fault. But the national response is inade- destroyers. Many of the submarines Never in history has the free world quate, says the report, which continues: were nuclear-powered. seemed more weary of the task of pre- "Yet many of our most influential "What is really significant is that they serving its liberties from military dic- citizens respond to this unprecedented ran the exercise simultaneously in the tatorships than today. The United States peril not by a renewed determination to Baltic, Norwegian, Barents, Black, does not appear to be in the mood to assure an adequate national defense, but Philippine and Mediterranean Seas, the support a new chapter in the arms race. rather by demands for further curtail- Sea of Japan, the Atlantic, the Pacific The reader may have noted that some ment of defense measures which can and the Indian Oceans. The entire oper- of the new Soviet advantage has re- only increase the peril. And although the ation, which lasted several weeks, was sulted as much from our cutbacks as President submitted for Fiscal Year closely coordinated and directed straight from their buildup. It has become a 1971 a 'bare bones' defense budget re- from Moscow. ... 'In its global scope' popular sport to besmirch our military flecting the largest single cutback since [said the Secretary of the Navy, John and our arms programs and to bad- the Korean War. public and political Chafee] 'Operation Okean exceeded any mouth military officers and Congress- pressures mount for even more drastic " previous exercise ... in naval history.' men who tell us the Cold War is getting reductions." the end

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 11 .

their drafting room captain, and on the his Post's Commander and District By R. B. PITKIN side he was immediately busy in the bloodbank chairman. "I was just a fresh- JOHN H. Geiger, a resident of the Legion. man," he says, "but they all knew me Chicago suburb of Des Plaines, Illi- His engineering friends got him to because I'd been on my feet at district nois, and a 46-year-old tank corps veteran transfer from the Minden, Iowa, Post to meetings crying for blood donors." The J. Slifer of the I Ith Armored Division who was Hiram Post 135. operating in the District moved him up the ladder until, wounded in the Battle of the Bulge in Loop district of Chicago, of which he three years later, he was its Commander. WW2. was unanimously elected National is still a member. It is one of three posts The 2nd District was a proud district Commander of The American Legion formed by members of the WWl rail- and one with a host of able men. It called for 1971-72 on the closing day of the roading 21st Engineers (the others be- itself the District of Champions, thanks Legion's 53rd National Convention in ing in New York and Los Angeles) to Commonwealth Edison Post, First Houston, Tex., on Thursday, Sept. 2, The Chicago post was named for the Nat'l Bank Post and People's Gas Post 1971. regiment's Chicagoan colonel, who'd fielding national champion musical and Geiger, a native of Iowa and the son been general manager of the Chicago ritual outfits. The guiding angel of the of the late Hugo Geiger. one of Iowa's Great Western Railroad. Colonel Slifer district was James P. Ringley who, until early Legion leaders, is a United Air Lines architectural engineer and special assistant to the vice president in charge of facilities and property for United. The father of six children—and a grandfather as well at 46—he has spent most of his adult life in the Chicago The NATIONAL area. For many years he has been one of the top Legion leaders in Illinois, where his even temper, ready smile, calm dis- position, transparent sincerity, strong COMMANDER executive ability, good humored friendli- ness and diligent work have earned him a position of respect and leadership in of the the Illinois Legion from one end of the state to the other. If these are flowery words (and they are), the record bears them out. The delegates at Houston suspended the rules AMERICAN during the nominating roll call and elected him unanimously without waiting for the balloting roll call. If that ever LEGION happened before, neither memory nor any discoverable records of earlier years

indicate it to this writer. As one of the youngest of WW2 veter- died in France in WWl. His regiment's his death, served a similar role of trust ans, Geiger was a late comer in WW2 three Legion posts continue today to be and counsel for both the Illinois Legion Legion leadership. His father signed him largely made up of railroaders and con- and the Legion nationally. up in the Minden (Iowa) Post 437 in struction men. Ringley was a "wise counselor," says 1945 when he was 19 and still overseas. When Geiger showed up at the Slifer Geiger. "He aided, pushed and coached That called for a slight wink at the rules Post in 1950 with a head full of Legion the young men in the district to make about being discharged first, the same knowledge and creed gained from the new generation of Legionnaires wink that many a WWl father applied in earliest childhood, and with an obvious strong and effective." There were other getting his WW2 son into the Legion. determination to be a locomotive and giants of the early Legion—the late And it made Commander Geiger among not a caboose, they made him Post Com- banker "Bumps" Cross, longtime member the earliest of WW2 Legionnaires. But mander that year and were never sorry. of the Legion's nat'l Finance Commis- he had college to attend after the war The Cook County Legion (which in- sion; Larry Fenlon, the nat'l Legion's top (the University of Illinois). There he cluded 90,000 Legionnaires) had then veterans employment expert until his was slightly active in campus veterans obligated itself to organize blood donors death—and others. affairs. But he was studying in one school for Chicago's Hines VA hospital, which "These men were alive and awake to on campus, teaching in another; got mar- was setting up a separate unit for blood human affairs locally and nationally. ried and was a father before graduat- collection. The county's Second Legion They knew how the machinery of public

ing. So it was not until 1950, when he District made the young commander of matters works. It was a fascinating was 25 in June, that his intent and Slifer Post its blood donor chairman. He school for an engineer—a world wholly capacity to be of service in the Legion and eight other district chairmen effec- apart from my profession." revealed themselves. tively organized Chicago Legion posts to Geiger's Post and District flourished That June he had his B.Sc. degree in meet the blood donor need under a pro- during his terms at their helms, so the architectural engineering and went to gram which—though its shape has since next job they gave him was on the Cook work in Chicago for the firm of Lund- changed—hasn't yet lost its steam. County Legion veterans housing com- strom & Skubic, which managed a good In the Legion they don't often let a mittee. It acted as liaison, watchdog and deal of architectural work of all sorts for hard worker loaf. In mid-year, the 2nd expediter with the various state and fed- oil company installations—from oil tank District filled a vacancy by making eral veterans housing agencies, as well farms to filling stations. Geiger was soon Geiger its Adjutant, while he was still {Continued on page 48)

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971

ULATK STAlt By ARTHUR S. FREESE

THi; SMOKING c'F DKirijuaiia today is coming under a new look by various scientists who deal in one way or another with the drug itself, with the uses to which it is put. or with its users. Men who once pooh-poohed some of the commonest allegations that the use of marijuana as an intoxicant is a dangerous and harmful practice still pooh-pooh some of the old arguments against pot smoking. But the beginnings of new knowledge are giving them cause for concern. At an international conference on the drug in New York—called by the N.Y. Academy of Sciences last May—concern was expressed that marijuana may well bring on a "social disaster." We all know that marijuana has been widely held to be innocent of many of the old charges against it. It has actually been too easy to discredit a great deal that has been said against it. Until recently, marijuana was one of the least studied of drugs—and no matter what was said was more talk than knowledge. The scientists who met in New York last May weren't talking about what was once said. They were talking about their own observations, starting from scratch. They had seen some evidence of real marijuana addiction and withdrawal symptoms, similar in kind if not degree to the symptoms of heroin addiction. They had observed that marijuana contains the same substances that, in ciga- A New rettes, are believed to cause cancer. The\ noted that in sutlicient doses the drug can produce psychotic, LSD-like mental effects, that it can interfere with safe Look at driving and produce birth defects in experimental animals.

They noted further that it is among the most treacherous and deceitful of drugs because the of Marijuana potency and effects marijuana cigarettes vary widely. These depend, among other things, on the age of the material, the original plant source, the parts of the plant used, the concentration of true marijuana fibers that the supplier has put into the cigarette, and the personality, physical condition and mental state of the user. Thus, the amateur who has smoked pot once and found it harmless deceives himself if he judges the next mixture by the last. And so does the expert who judges tomor- row's "reefer" on the basis of yesterday's, or predicts the effect on Smith on the basis of the effect on Jones. The old myths that marijuana inevitably drives you insane, turns you into a sex maniac or leads to a life of crime are now almost meaningless. It actually can do that—but not in all circumstances. The new myths about marijuana's "innocence," based chiefly on the falsity of some of the old myths, are

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 —)

evidently going to prove to be just as By 500 A.D. the Arab and Persian The hemp plant was introduced here inaccurate. To the experts, one thing is world was using marijuana as a balm and early in our colonial history. But the

clear. Marijuana is not harmless. an antiseptic as well as an intoxicant. fact that great quantities of hemp were If people argue about what marijuana (Its antiseptic qualities are dubious. grown for fibers by Kentucky pioneers

does, there is good reason. Though its The plant in its many Old World varie- is meaningless in terms of today's drug source plant, the hemp, has been put to ties was everywhere, since it was also culture. There would seem to have been dozens of uses by man over thousands the source of hemp for cloth, rope and little awareness of the effect of cannabis

of years, it was not closely analyzed un- cordage. The commonest of hundreds on the mind, and very little use of this

til very recently. of names for the plant is Indian hemp, peculiar property of the plant in the Hemp extracts used medicinally were and botanists call it Cannabis Sativa. United States before the 20th century. replaced by better drugs before modern which is why the drug has also been American colonial production of scientific techniques were developed. By called "hemp" and "cannabis." hemp was something England de-

thr time they were developed there was Hemp products were introduced in manded. She was dependent on it to

little interest in careful study of mari- Europe well before the Christian era supply the raw fiber for a wide variety juana's properties. It was outdated me- as a source of rope and cloth fibers and of needed products—from fine linens to dicinally (and later illegal to own). as a drug which joined chopped toads' ships' sails, from horse blankets to altar

Meanwhile, the job of studying it was legs, salamanders' eyes, etc.: as a mysti- cloths, from calking to cordage. Before so complex as to discourage the effort cal cure for burns, earaches, ulcers, long most American clothing was made in the absence of any great interest. "female complaint." and so on and on. of hemp, as was the cloth for our tents There are many varieties of the plant Hemp grows readily in temperate and and covered wagons. Hemp was grown grown around the globe. Their properties tropical climates and is found today in in nearly every state of the union, being differ, while various parts of the plant nearly every country. It's been grown one of the most important crops in Ken- also differ in their drug potency. Differ- in window boxes and even in a closet by tucky and Virginia. George Washington

ent people react differently to the use of incandescent light. One scholar has com- is said to have grown it at Mount Ver- "pot." Thus, until its recent use as an piled a list of nearly 200 names used non.

intoxicant assumed large proportions, for the drug, in virtually every language Today, commercial hemp is grown NAT'L INSTITUTE OF SIENTAL HEALTH there was little modern, accurate knowledge of it—possibly less than of any other common drug. What we have pre-

viously "known" about it was largely the uninformed opinion of amateurish ob-

For new reasons, marijuana is seen as a danger by experts who scoffed at the

old reasons to fear it.

servers, and in fact true study is only just getting up steam. The complexity of marijuana's uses and history are enormous. A marijuana garden in Mississippi where tine weed is grown for scientific studies Recognizing its effect on body and mind, the Chinese were using marijuana in the world. In. America there are some mainly in the Midwest and its fiber is

at least 5,000 years ago and the Hindus two dozen names for it, such as mari- still one of the most important sources in India at least 3,000 years ago. It was juana or marihuana, pot, grass, seed, of cordage, although hemp from other thought to be a cure-all for all sorts of weed, tea, Mary Jane, dope, Texas lea. nations has taken over much of this

illnesses in China, and in India it was joints, reefers, etc. market. But the fiber still is used for

used for mind-altering in religious medi- The cannabis or hemp plant is not paper, cloth, canvas, oakum for calking tation. native to the New World. It was ships, etc. Cannabis seed is used for bird The active ingredients were long probably introduced by the Spanish con- seed, and the oil from the plant finds a known to dissolve in alcohol. In the sec- quest to Central and South America role in the production of varnishes, soap ond century A.D., the famous Chinese and to Mexico. Some experts think that and paints. surgeon, Hua Tu, concocted an anaes- the Portuguese explorers brought the In the 1800's. European and Ameri-

thetic called ma or ina-yo as a painkiller plant to Brazil, while others believe it ca > doctors started using marijuana in

in surgery, gout, rheumatism and malar- came with the Negro slaves. In Jamaica medicinal applications, then gave it up ia. It was a marijuana-alcohol cocktail, and Trinidad, the intoxicant was intro- for better drugs. Not until the 1900's did either of whose ingredients was prob- duced by East Indian indentured labor- its growing use here as an intoxicant be-

ably enough to get the patient "stoned." ers after the slaves had been freed. come noticeable. Its name is a clue to

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 15 A host of synthetic drugs came on the CONTINUED A New Look at Marijuana scene that were better for the purposes. Aspirin was here in the 1890's, and its who introduced that use here. The word Indica. which, in 1860. reported that less desirable predecessor, salicylic acid,

"marijuana" is assumed to be derived "success" had been obtained in the treat- had been around since the 1850's. from the Spanish names Maria and ment of pain, coughs, neuralgia, asthma The first of the barbiturates came out

Juana. the equivalents of the EngMsh and tetanus: that it was useful as a pain- in the mid 1 860's. These new painkillers Mary and Jane. Mexico—and sometimes killer in childbirth, and in treating were easier to order, more predictable, Cuba—are said to have taught Ameri- rheumatism. Some of this was true after and more reliable in their dosage than cans to smoke the weed. Not until 1920 a fashion, some ridiculous. Doctors in the cannabis preparations. was the use of "reefer" cigarettes very England and Europe found such a wide With medical interest in marijuana noticeable here. In the last five years, range of conditions in which cannabis nearly dead, possession of the drug it- principally under the name "pot." the was "useful" that they even hailed it self was outlawed in many of the states, smoking of marijuana in the U.S. has as the "miracle drug." But it wasn't. and proscribed in the federal Marijuana assumed massive proportions. Despite the multiplicity of reported Tax Act of 1937. These laws were a re- However, a hundred vears and more successes, the medical use of cannabis in action to the visible growth of the use of ago "extracts of Cannabis were as com- the United States declined as the 1 9th hemp extracts for pleasure and intoxica- monly used for medicinal purposes in the century wore on and the 20th began. tion, and they also put a virtual end. un-

United States as aspirin today." accord- Like alcohol, it was an intoxicant til recently, to scientific interest in them. ing to the National Institute of Mental and a deceiver, giving the patient more Starting about 1900. cannabis in ciga-

Health. euphoria than cure. As a painkiller it had rette form was beginning to be used in

Some 1 30 years ago. the ancient medi- value, as alcohol does, especially before the United States as a mood-altering in- cal interest in hemp was revived, by the there were better anaesthetics and seda- toxicant. reports of British physician W. B. tives. Most authorities seem fairly well

0"Shaughnessy. a 30-year-old assistant Its medical downfall began with the ;i greed that Mexican laborers carried surgeon and professor of chemistry at introduction of the hypodermic needle "reefers" with them across the Texas the Medical College of Calcutta. In in England in 1856. Being almost insolu- border to spread out into our southern

1 839. he reviewed everything that had ble in water, hemp extracts were value- and southwestern states. The intoxicant's ever been written and preserved in In- less for injections. Opiates, such as use seems to have been concentrated at dian medicine on the uses of cannabis morphine, are soluble in water and in- first in New Orleans, brought in both for the preceding 900 years. jectable, making them easier to admin- from Texas and by sailors from Havana. Tampico and Vera Cruz. But before VA PAI long, marijuana cigarettes were being shipped up the Mississippi River and to (r- East Coast cities. From various ports they spread across the country. Between 1910 and 1920. "reefers" (marijuana cigarettes) began to be no- ticed in New Orleans. They were first used by the jazz musicians, young Ne- groes, the Mexican-Americans and the poor. This was the period when "mug- gles" was the term for marijuana in general and "mootas" was the word for reefers. By 1930. marijuana was widely smoked in our cities, but at that time

there were still only 1 6 states with laws the drug, laws' which weren't en- Dr. Leo Hollister Dr. Sidney Cohen against point the The more they and fellow researchers study marijuana, the uneasier they become. forced very strictly. At this whole atmosphere changed abruptly. O'Shaughnessy tested the safety of ister and faster acting as painkillers. Alarmist articles started appearing in cannabis in a series of animal experi- Doctors switched to opiates, and used the news media, while the newly formed ments, then tried it on humans for "sei- them extensively to relieve the suffering Federal Bureau of Narcotics put out zures," rheumatism, tetanus, and even of Civil War casualties. scare stories linking marijuana with vio- rabies (hydrophobia). He found it "ef- In fact, doctors made so many opiate lent crimes. One poster even warned of fective" in relieving pain, stopping con- addicts in the Civil War that addiction "The Killer Drug 'Marijuana'—a power- vulsions, relaxing muscles and acting as to hard drugs became known as "the ful narcotic in which lurks Murder! In- ." a sedative. The date of his report— 1839 soldier's disease." sanity! Death! . . —pinpoints the start of the role of mari- Marijuana also slipped medically be- When in the mid-30's New Orleans juana in Western medicine. However, cause dosages couldn't be standardized. suffered a crime wave, it was blamed on physicians in those days didn't have It loses its potency rapidly and unpre- marijuana and the country was alarmed either today's drugs, or the modern dictably. The doctor who prescribed a at descriptions issued by the Bureau of pharmacological know-how for testing hemp extract could never be sure what Narcotics—how marijuana smoking and assessing medicines. his patient would be getting in the way leads inevitably to violent crimes, With the appearance of O'Shaugh- of actual medicine. In addition, in- arouses sexual passions and causes in- nessy 's report, European and American dividuals reacted so differently to hemp sanity. With practically no scientific in- physicians made increasing use of hemp drugs that between patients Brown and quiry. Congress in 1937 passed the extracts. The Ohio State Medical So- Green a doctor could only guess what Marijuana Tax Act (a prohibition and ciety set up a Committee on Cannabis effect his prescription would have. not a tax act) despite testimony of the

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 1964 that an Israeli chemistry professor. Dr. Raphael Mechoulam. isolated marijuana's active ingredient. It has a jaw-

breaking chemical name, so it's called THC for short. Only when Mechoulam had identified and isolated THC could real investiga-

tion of it begin. It produced some sur- prises, such as that a lot of pot smokers aren't smoking pot. Researchers in On- tario discovered that about one third of the "strong stuff" available there con-

tained no THC at all, and some of it h;id nothing at all from the hemp plant! Dr. Reese T. Jones. Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute assistant professor of psychiatry, has shown that subjects can smoke fake "reefers" made of anything without THC content and still

get a "high'" with it! Jones concludes that often the effects "pot-smokers" experience are self-induced, psychologically. Recent investigations have shown that the THC content of marijuana (when there is a content) can range all the way from 0.038% to 7.8%. The University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy has produced the first scientific "pot" planta- Demonstrators outside Denmark's parliament, smoking hash (also from hemp plant) to tion and studied the plant itself, showing were debating the question. protest ban on using hash. Inside parliament, members that the hereditary strain of the particu-

legislative counsel of the American Medical Association that there was no proof of the lurid tales of marijuana's certain effects. Since most people just didn't care, the advocates of this prohibition of marijuana had their way. Dr. Stanley Yolles, formerly Assistant Surgeon General of the U.S. Public Health Service and now Professor of Psychiatry at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, points out that the anti-marijuana propaganda was misinformation handed out by people who knew better. People were told the certain dangers of this horrible dope but

those who tried it found that it didn't perform as advertised. They got high

on it but didn't immediately become rav- ing, sex-mad, insane criminals. So contempt developed for the official posture on marijuana and spread to contempt for the facts about heroin. It was the story of Prohibition all over again. Even scientists, psychiatrists and medical practitioners reacted against the Gl's at S. Vietnam base casually share "stick" of marijuana. The easy avail- a hard-sell attack on marijuana. Only ability of "pot" and harder drugs in S. Vietnam poses a major U.S. problem. few years ago, most of these experts felt

there was no danger in pot smoking, and The marijuana that is smoked is ac- lar plant is more important to its THC that the drug should be freely available. tually a mixture of crushed leaves, content than the soil, moisture, heat or But when smoking the drug recently flowers, and often twigs of Cannabis other growing conditions formerly snowballed, until it became as smart a Sativa, which has separate male and credited. In fact, Mississippi's Professor thing for youngsters as getting roaring female plants. The flowering tops of the of Pharmacognosy, Dr. Norman H. drunk on rotgut was during Prohibition, female plants secrete a clear, varnish- Doorenbos, tells of a hemp plant sup- fresh studies began that divorced them- like resin—hashish—which is ten times posedly grown in a closet with a tungsten selves from all that had been said before. as strong as the stuff from the leaves and light bulb instead of sun. It had 6.8% The plant itself was well known, but twigs. THC as compared to a normally grown after thousands of years science still While the active ingredients of the Minnesota plant with 0.038% and Mexi- knew little about the active ingredient, opiates and cocaine have been known can variants with 7.2%.

which hadn't even been isolated. for more than a century, it was not until Clearly, the "reefers" of the street

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 17 severely stunted in most cases." More CONTINUE D A New Look at Marijuana work remains to be done, and there is as yet no hard evidence on what role trade are too erratic in content, and stitute of Mental Health (NIMH) sum- THC or marijuana play in human birth often too weak, to prove anything about marizes the effects at the usual intoxicant defects. the effects of this intoxicant. Dr. Leo levels as "a subtle alteration in emo- Dr. Reese Jones has experimented H. Hollister. Medical Investigator at tional state characterized by a feeling widely and puts the problem bluntly: Palo Alto's V.A. Hospital, and one of of euphoria, excess jocularity, and a "With imprudent use of marijuana, or the outstanding marijuana investigators, minimal but subtle impairment of higher extensive use in a certain personality finds that even the smoking itself is intellectual functioning." type or setting, it's a disaster! And con- highly variable. Different individuals get Physically, several investigators have sidering what is known today, I don't anywhere from 20^^ to 809^ of theTHC noted a loss in leg, hand and finger think anyone can use it prudently—at content of a "reefer." depending on how strength; and some fine hand tremors. least not in our time." they smoke. The effects of marijuana In one study, half the auto drivers under The effects of long-term regular use vary widely, depending on the do.se. marijuana's influence did more poorly of the drug may prove to do the worst from a mild, brief "high." to a pro- than those not using it. In another series, harm. As one medical investigator longed, severe experience. Not until re- the "high" subjects consistently an- pointed out in New York, barbiturates cently did investigators realize that they swered "No!" when asked if they could were in widespread use for 50 years be- should record the strength of each sam- then drive a car. The ability to concen- fore it became clear that they produced ple used to avoid false conclusions. THC trate—among the best predictors of auto addiction. deteriorates quickly and marijuana's driving performance— is damaged while Dr. Norman Doorenbos explained

BLACK STAl!

Harvesting illegal marijuana in Mexico (left). It is aimed at U.S. market, but not all reaches the pushers. In one haul (right), West Coast narcotics agents pulled in two boats loaded with five tons of "pot" (in truck) smuggled in from Mexico. content changes even during the period under the drug. Dr. Ira Frank, Univer- there are some 30 different variants of of the experiment, invalidating most of sity of California Neuropsychiatric In- marijuana with peak THC levels varying the early experimental findings. In short, stitute, has found that the eyes of mari- as much as 400-fold. Pointing out that marijuana varies so widely that many juana smokers take longer than those it took millions of smokers and many generalities about it need cautious quali- of non-users to recover from headlight years to connect tobacco and cancer, he fication. glare. calls attention to the fact that the same Hollister finds that marijuana pro- Dr. Bertram Brown. NIMH director, substances believed to cause cancer in duces, first, stimulation, and then a says that mental and physical perform- tobacco cigarettes are also present in sleepy, dreamlike feeling. But if the dose ance is affected by marijuana intoxica- marijuana cigarettes. As he put it: "We is increased sufficiently, psychotic (in- tion to a varying degree which increases always hear the bad news after the good sanity-like) effects appear—strange skin with the complexity and demands of —public as well as scientists—and it's sensations; difficulty in thinking, con- the task. Dr. Sidney Cohen (U. of Cal.) true of drugs or other chemicals intro- centrating and speaking, even a feeling says that the illusion that smoking pot duced into the body. I think this will be of being strange and unreal. But the only enhances creativity is unsubstantiated true of marijuana also. And the most measurable consistent effects yet shown by observations. It seems to be on a harmful effects may well turn out not to are an increased heart rate and a redden- par with the illusion of a drunk that his be from THC but from things not yet ing of the eyes. Although hunger and silly talk is clever. even found." appetite are classically reported, Hol- Marijuana has produced birth defects Dr. Joel Kaplan, psychiatrist and chief lister found this true in barely half his in animals. A University of Mississippi of Admissions Unit at New York subjects. team recently concluded that while THC City's Hillside Hospital (a psychiatric Hollister finds that the more com- can pass into the bloodstream of the un- institution), had his outlook completely plicated the mental and physical test the born, it is the plant extract rather than changed by service in Vietnam in 1968- user is put to "the greater the impair- THC itself which contains the damaging 69. He was in charge of a neuropsychi- ment." A loss in personal capability is substance. However, pups born after the atric team covering the entire northern clearly seen in users. The National In- mother was given high THC doses "were {Continued on page 56)

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 Dateline Washington .... PROTECTING U.S. INDUSTRY. SEX EQUALITY FOR COLLEGES? YOUNG DRIVERS DIE FASTER.

The President's New Economic Program, The carnage on the highways continues, wittingly or not, has given fresh Impetus with youths between the ages of 15 and to a slow but steady trend toward 24 to blame for a disproportionate share protection of American industries against of the traffic deaths, according to a the increasing encroachment of imports. special new study by the National Congressional observers believe. Transportation Safety Board. The 10% surtax on imports plus other Out of a total of 57,000 traffic deaths "Buy American" actions initiated by in 1969, the study discloses that there President Nixon in mid-August are sure were 17,700 fatalities in the 15-24 age to be followed—whenever the Chief group. Although the young age group Executive chooses to ease the "temporary" comprises 21% of the driving public, restrictions—by strong pressure on under-25 drivers participated In 34% of Congress to follow up with its own the fatalities. protectionist legislation. Two-year probationary licenses, better The AFL-CIO, long an advocate of "free driver education, tougher tests for trade," has reversed its position in licenses and periodic re-examination for recent months as cheap manufactured young drivers are some of the goods, especially from the Far East, recommendations being urged to reduce have taken the U.S. market away from the tragic traffic toll. The study points domestic producers. Imported autos, TV out that more U.S. youths have been sets, electronic equipment, textiles and killed on the highways each year than clothing have made substantial inroads in the Vietnam War. in the U.S., seriously adding to American — — PEOPLE AND QUOTES — — unemployment, the AFL-CIO insists. IT'S A NEW BALL GAME BARGAINING BALANCE The university movement toward the ". "In the years ahead, we will . . all major industries must co-ed college and campus is not remain a good and generous exert every elTort to restore proceeding fast enough for Congressional nation, but the time has also balance at the (labor) bargain- advocates of equal rights for the sexes, come to give a new attention ing table to match emerging to America's own interests." economic conditions." Philip D. and a small but vociferous bloc of President Nixon. Block, Jr., chairman. Inland legislators is trying to hasten the trend Steel Co. with federal legislation. RULES CHANGE, TOO Led by Rep. Edith Green (Ore.), the ''American business and la- U.S.—JAPANESE RELATIONS bor may have to get used to '"We are in the same ship, so equality-now group is seeking to amend the idea of living within certain we must make every effort not pending education legislation with a parameters." Treasury Secre- to sink together." Japanese specific ban on sex discrimination in tary John B. Connally. Premier Sato. college admissions. Champions of this JOBS COUNT PROTECT SOCIETY amendment see it bringing abou t a "We just can't agree with ''There are basic rights due revolutionary change in present standards some of the labor officials who the suspect and there are also which assertedly provide higher entrance come out against wage and adequate rights due society, price controls . . . because the and I think we are becoming criteria for women than for men to best contract in the world with- more wary of the constant universities. out jobs doesn't mean a thing." tendency to deprive society of The amendment would have no effect on Ed Tmner, secretary, AFL-CIO these rights." Quinn Tamm, university-level schools exclusively Marine Cooks and Steward exec, dir., Internat'l Assoc. of Union. male or female, but would be applicable Chiefs of Police. to any school which is, or becomes, LABOR'S SACRIFICE SPACE TO GROW co-ed. Once co-ed, the college would have "We are prepared to sacrifice "We think that an investment to accept applicants on the basis of as much as anyone else, so long in space technology is an in- merit, without as there is equality of sacrifice." vestment in America. America quota, despite the custom George Meany, president, needs space to grow." Astro- or tradition of the school. AFL-CIO. naut James B. Irwin.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 19 In the Battle of New Orleans, Lafitte's fighting abilities and leadership proved a significantly effective assist to Jackson's forces, but

THE STORY OF Lafitte the Pirate

The many legends about Lafitte are hardly an improvement on the facts.

By PEGGY ROBBINS and with it he flaunted U.S. customs and The full scope of his share in Andrew import laws. Then he turned his private Jackson's great victory over the British LAFITTE, the old JEAN New Orleans army about and used it to defend the in New Orleans in 1815 was not fully pirate (if pirate he was) is better United States. known for a century. known to most Americans as a legend While classed as an outlaw, he delayed Such a man and such a private em- tiian as a man. a British plan to invade New Orleans for pire are worth knowing more about. His name is a symbol of lawlessness two crucial weeks by dealing cleverly Barataria is a stealthy land, associated and sometimes brutality, with a tinge with the British army and navy as the from earliest recorded history with pi- of Douglas Fairbanks romance. Yet head of state of his own private realm. rates, privateers and smugglers. Priva- Lafitte had a profound respect for law His realm was a maze of bayous, chan- teers and smugglers weren't as odious at (whose law or what law is another ques- nels, swamps and islands called Bara- that time and place as they are now. Un-

tion ) and he saw the sweep of big events taria. It controlled the mouth of the der harsh French and then Spanish co- with the eyes of a statesman. Mississippi below New Orleans, and in lonial trade restrictions. New Orleans Lafitte was not a true pirate, but he Barataria, Lafitte was "bos." businessmen long dealt in illegal ways was a smuggler of millions in booty that He diplomatically humbled himself with smugglers and privateers, and with he captured at sea under the rules of war. before the governor of Louisiana when early Mississippi River trade, to keep At one time he commanded a private there was a price on his head—for the their prosperity going. Smuggling was force in the lower Mississippi Delta privilege of defending New Orleans even winked at by the home governments larger than the then small U.S. army. against the British wi^h his private army. —to whom New Orleans was a sort of

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 —

Lafitte easily shed the role of buccaneer for that of suave cosmopolitan in New Orleans' high society.

favorite among their distant colonies. turned to ocean privateering. He raided about his appearance. Jean was the hand- By the time Louisiana was ceded to Spanish ships for the French, using the some Lafitte—slim, erect and trim from the United States in 1803, outlawed name Dominique You. Pierre and Jean his dark hair, fiery eyes and mustache trade with the daring and rough men turned privateers, too. They joined to his boots. He dressed meticulously, who held out in the bayous was an ac- Renato Beluche. who was just Pierre's had a hot temper and elegant manners, cepted way of business in New Orleans. age but had been at sea since he was spoke French, Spanish, English and And deep in the bayous, the men be- seven. As a very young man Beluche Italian fluently, and was an organiza- yond the law had grown so numerous was part owner of two privateers sailing tional genius. and formed so many factions that they for France from Guadeloupe. Nothing angered him quicker than be- needed some sort of government of their Shortly before Haiti gained its inde- ing called a pirate. A pirate was a sea-

own fashion. pendence from France on January 1, going robber and murderer, and piracy A smugglers' convention was held on 1804. the Lafittes and Renato trans- was a crime punishable by death. Priva- Grand Terre Island in the Barataria ported many of the frightened French teers operated as agents of war under maze in 1805. Three Lafitte brothers Creoles from Haiti to New Orleans official "letters of marque," issued by were there—Alexandre, Pierre and Jean arrong them Pierre's wife and Jean's nations to attack, loot, and /or capture —and a relative of the Lafittes named three motherless children. Jean and ships of enemy countries. The Bara- Renato Beluche. Pierre operated in Barataria as priva- tarians under Jean Lafitte's rule only Jean Lafitte, 23 at the time, skillfully teers. They built a fleet out of captured attacked ships of nations that were in took control and welded the rival fac- Spanish and English vessels, and found conflict with those that commissioned tions into one "privateering concern." most of their crews in the Barataria Bay the Baratarians. Toward the close of the By the end of the meeting, he was the area where they brought their booty to 1805 convention in Barataria, one old acknowledged leader with complete au- sell in New Orleans. sea robber defied Jean Lafitte. He said thority, though the Lafittes had been in In 1805, they were joined by Domi- he and his followers would prey on all Barataria less than two years. They'd nique You (brother Alexandre). He ocean traffic, including American. Jean been born and raised—with a hatred of was dark and so short and broad shoul- shot him dead on the spot and no "fol- Spain—in Port-au-Prince, Haiti—three dered that he looked deformed and lowers" rose to protest. of eight children whose parents had fled ferocious—but he was the most even- Lafitte, during the most profitable Spain because of Inquisition persecution. tempered of the brothers. Pierre was years of his career as chief of the cor- As they grew up, the eldest, Alex- taller, lighter and fairer, though careless sairs, held a letter of marque from andre, served in the French Army, then ILLUSTRATED BY JACK RUGE Cartagena, a seaport of "New Granada"

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 21 )

his third wife and Lafitte's independent CONTINUED The Story of Lafitte the Pirate power, he pretended for the time not to see the auction announcements. The (now Colombia) which was at war with controlled them all. He had several loyal once strait-laced governor had lost his Spain. The Lafittes hated Spain, and lieutenants, among whom were Beluche: first wife (American), then his second were pleased to raid Spanish shipping for Thiac. the blacksmith: Jean Baptiste (a Creole), and he'd married another Cartagena. Sauvinet. who served as the organiza- Creole. By 1812 he had easy tolerance Soon after he settled in Louisiana. tion's banker; and old sea dog, Louis for Creole custom except in the matter Jean opened a blacksmith shop at the Chighizola, called "Nez Coupe," (cut of the Baratarians. who were "plain corner of Bourbon and St. Philip Streets nose) because most of his nose had been pirates" in his book. (Creoles were those in New Orleans, near where the women, lost in a duel. The Baratarians consid- of French or Spanish blood born in the children and in-laws of the family had ered Jean Lafitte a very fair man who colonies. taken up residence. The shop was a front treated them far better than they'd ever The slave auction was such a success- behind which Jean and Pierre sold much before been treated. What happened to ful affair that many more followed at of their booty. There was no secrecy a very few who complained is a secret The Temple and on another island that about this. The blacksmith shop was a well kept by the swamps. Lafitte named "Little Temple." concession to the fact that, under Ameri- In New Orleans the Baratarians were The Territory of Orleans became the can law, the Lafittes' sale of captured highly regarded, though one whispered State of Louisiana in 1812. and Ter- goods was smuggling. In 1807. Jean question made the rounds. Since the ritorial Governor Claiborne became quietly bought a large warehouse in privateers took no prisoners, what be- State Governor Claiborne. New Orleans for his "blacksmith" busi- came of the crews of the ships they cap- On June 18. 1812. the United States ness. tured? What, indeed? declared war on Great Britain. At the By 1810. Jean Lafitte had built many In 1810, Pierre had a stroke. He re- same time. Congress authorized the is- houses, 40 "relay warehouses." large covered, but was left cross-eyed and suance of United States letters of marque slave quarters, a hospital and a fort on permanently weakened. As for Jean to private armed vessels for operation Grand Terre Island in Barataria. All Lafitte's very close friend, Dominique against British ships. were well started and under constant You. not a dozen people knew he was Renato Beluche, supposedly still a guard. His own home on the island was also Jean's brother. member of Lafitte's organization, was the grandest of all. elegantly furnished Early in 1812. Jean Lafitte held a slave one of six privateers commissioned in with the cream of several years' sea auction under the oaks of a little island New Orleans, and the only one of the booty. From time to time, he received called "The Temple." about halfway be- six to operate profitably. Beluche took many of the most important men in tween New Orleans and Grand Terre. his few captured British vessels into New Orleans. They in turn entertained The slaves had been captured at sea from New Orleans" harbor, presented his him when he was in New Orleans—al- slave traders. Slave trade (though not claims for the ships, and was awarded ways to the great delight of their ladies, yet slavery) had been outlawed in the them as "good and lawful prize." who found him. to quote the wife of a United States. The Lafittes did not seek U.S. com- wealthy plantation owner near New Or- Days before the auction. Lafitte s men missions. For personal, economic and leans, "a fantastically fascinating gentle- nailed up announcements of it all over legal reasons, they preferred selling man of very fine appearance." New Orleans. The Creoles delighted at Spanish booty illegally rather than raid- In 1810, Lafitte had between 30 and this flouting of the American law they ing British ships under American prize 35 privateer captains sailing brigs and themselves had generally refused to ac- rules and supervision. schooners regularly out of Barataria. cept. The American Governor. William By November 1812, their operations each with a crew of from 100 to 200 C.C. Claiborne, was worried about his had become so vast that the economy of men. A captain might capture six or inability to bring law and order to Loui- New Orleans was affected by the drain- seven prize vessels on a single cruise. siana. He knew the Baratarians were ing off of the port's normal trade to Some were plundered and destroyed. causing a great loss of customs revenue Barataria. The lower Baratarian area, The best were sailed back to Barataria. to his government. Violating the slave with the farms, fruit groves and gardens At least 3,000 men were in constant serv- trade law was more serious. In the end of the privateers, had become a beauti- ice in the fleet and an equal number it would provoke trouble from the ful, prosperous land. A stream of ves- served the operations ashore. Jean Lafitte North. But, undoubtedly influenced by sels sailed back and forth between Bara-

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 Lafitte's lair was on Grand Terre Isle in Barataria Bay, some 50 miles south of New Orleans.

taria Bay and the sea. and a fleet of of the outbreak of the War of 1812. night. Holmes and his troops surprised barges plied steadily through the bayous Since then. Congress had increased the jean and Pierre Lafitte and 23 others between Lafourche and the Mississippi army to 25,000, but there were. Clai- loading spices, linens, shirts and sheet- River. From time to time, revenue cut- borne knew, no soldiers available in ing into pirogues at The Temple. After ters had heon sent into the more acces- sufficient numbers in Louisiana to con- a brief encounter, Jean Lafitte surren- sible parts of Barataria in attempts to quer Barataria. Even so, about the mid- dered himself and his men to Captain curtail the smuggling. Each time. Lafitte dle of November 1812. at Claiborne's Holmes. The prisoners were taken, along had had warning long enough to move insistence, 40 soldiers under the com- with the contraband, to New Orleans, all contraband to hide-outs deep in the mand of army Captain Andrew Hunter and the men were locked in cells in the swamps. Holmes accompanied "revenue officers old Cabildo.

Governor Claiborne reasoned that it with a small revenue fleet" into Bara- It was the first time Jean Lafitte had was only a matter of time before Lafitte taria. Holmes' instructions were not to ever been arrested. Early the next morn- would control all the import trade of try to conquer Barataria but to catch ing, Jean Baptiste Sauvinet. Lafitte's the Mississippi Valley. Too, Claiborne the Lafitte brothers with contraband. banker, bailed them all out. During the was troubled about the Baratarians hav- Jean Lafitte heard about this and roared next few weeks, the Lafittes could be ing complete control of the mouth of with laughter. He told his men to try seen at their places of business in New the Mississippi River. If the British tried to avoid slaughtering the visitors. Orleans and jauntily strolling through to invade New Orleans, the governor But Lafitte underestimated Captain the city. But their trial came up several feared the pirates would aid them. Holmes. He and his men hid deep in times without their appearing in court. The men under Jean Lafitte's leader- the swamps, endured privation, and ship numbered about as many as the bided their time until Jean Lafitte re- small United States army at the time laxed his auard. Then, on a moonlit

In 1814, the British sought Lafitte's aid in taking New Orleans, but Lafitte rebuffed them and joined forces with Jackson.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 23 CONTINUED The Story of Lafitte the Pirate Early in September 1814, the residents of Grand Terre were startled by That made them bail jumpers, subject Virginia-born John R. Grymes, only a cannon-shot from the Gulf. Two hun- to arrest on sight. 28 years old in 1814, was already one dred Baratarians ran to guard positions

In April I SI 3. District Attorney John of New Orleans' most successful and surrounding the pass. Lafitte was rowed Randolph Grymes filed a claim against colorful figures. He resigned the office in a barge to the pass entrance. Just Jean Lafitte for $12,014.52. under a of District Attorney after being retained outside lay the armed British brig legal formula that set a smuggler's fine by Lafitte. When his successor said that Sophia. A small boat brought three at treble the value of the seized goods. he had "accepted blood-stained pirate British officers under a truce flag to Sauvinet promptly paid the fine. gold in exchange for his honor," Grymes Lafitte. Capt. Nicholas Lockyer said But Governor Claiborne refused to let the matter drop. He issued one proc- lamation after another denouncing "the Baratarian outlaws." In November, the governor had a handbill posted throughout the city offering $500 for the delivery of Jean Lafitte to justice. Two days later the citizens of New Orleans were treated to another handbill plastered all

over the city. In it. Lafitte said that "1. Bos of Barataria."' would pay $5,000 for the delivery of Governor Claiborne to Cat Island. The privateers doubled the guards in Barataria. Their cargoes were still auc- tioned at Grand Terre and delivered wherever buyers wished, and they continued to hold slave auctions. Late in 1813. a British man-of-war entered Barataria Bay under a truce flag. The British officers tried to get per- mission from Lafitte to pass secretly through Barataria to New Orleans. Jean Lafitte told them that there were several United States warships nearby at Tim- balier Island, which was not true. The man-of-war speedily sailed back into the Gulf and away. In April 1814. Dominique You returned to Grand Terre in a captured Spanish ship to announce he'd contacted Mexican patriots who wanted to buy arms to use against Spain, and had good money to pay. Such trade was illegal, hut Dominique and Jean knew many "investors" in New Orleans who would Jackson and Lafitte meet in New Orleans, and Lafitte offers his "army" to Jackson. gladly take part in such commerce. That began a thriving arms trade between the crippled him for life in a duel. For years, they had important word for Mr. Jean Mexican patriots and the businessmen Grymes was the wealthiest and most eli- Lafitte. Jean said they'd have to go to of the New Orleans Association, with gible bachelor in New Orleans, but he Grand Terre to see Mr. Lafitte. The all matters of transportation directed didn't marry until a while after the death two boats went into Barataria Bay under

by Dominique You. There is little won- of Governor Claiborne in 1817. The the sullen watch of Baratarians ashore. der that Claiborne's appeal to citizens lady of his choice was Claiborne's Creole The "Bos" took the British officers into to aid in the capture of the Baratarians widow, Suzette, claimed by many to be his home. As they gaped at the luxury, fell on deaf ears. the most beautiful woman in New Or- he introduced himself. After a new skirmish in which Bara- leans. Captain McWilliams of the British tarians killed a revenue collector. Gov- Grymes told Pierre to be patient and army handed Lafitte a sealed packet. ernor Claiborne finally secured indict- he'd get him released. The lawyers tried But Jean would not discuss business un-

ments against Jean and Pierre Lafitte one legal move after another, but Clai- til all had dined. Then, over fine Cuban for piracy. Jean became cautious when borne blocked them at every turn. Then cigars, the packet was opened. One let- he visited New Orleans, but Pierre con- Grymes worked at getting the prisoner ter—from the British commander in tinued to stroll the streets. In July 1814, relieved of irons while in confinement, Pensacola—off'ered him $30,000 in gold, soldiers surprised Pierre near the St. but failed. a captain's commission in the Royal Louis Cathedral. They lodged him in Jean Lafitte continued in business Navy and freedom for Pierre Lafitte if the Cabildo without bail and Governor more cautiously. On occasion, he res- he would help the British take New Claiborne had Pierre held in heavy cued Americans whose boats were Orleans. All who joined the British chains. caught in Gulf storms. Lafitte enter- would be accepted in the navy and could Jean Lafitte retained Edward Living- tained them in his mansion until they keep their Louisiana lands after the con- ston and John Randolph Grymes. at a were able to travel, then sent them to quest. One document called on Louisi- fee of $20,000 each, to defend Pierre. New Orleans. anans to "arise and aid in liberating their

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 paternal soil from a faithless and im- But Claiborne's distrust of Lafitte ruled ized that he had been stalling them. becile government," and assured that the meeting. By a split vote the message Instead, action came from Claiborne. all houses flying the flag of Great Britain was discredited. On Sept. 16, a force commanded by would remain untouched. On Sept. 10, 1814, with time running Daniel T. Patterson, USN, approached The $30,000 was nothing to Jean out, Jean Lafitte wrote directly to Gov- the pass to Barataria Bay. It was com- Lafitte. He had over a million dollars' ernor Claiborne. His letter was polite, posed of six gunboats and the schooner worth of prize goods on Grand Terre diplomatic and humble. He confessed Carolina, carrying army Col. George alone, but he undoubtedly gave some his past errors, conceded Claiborne's Ross and part of the 44th Regiment. thought to some of the rest of the prop- authority over him, and said he was a The Baratarians had more than a osition. Pierre was still in the Cabildo stray sheep who wanted to return to dozen armed vessels, all manned and in irons. And the last dispatch in the the flock. He urged the governor to ready for battle. On guard for the Brit- packet advised that if Mr. Lafitte re- believe that Louisiana was in danger, ish, their cannon were trained in the fused aid, the British and their Indian and offered himself, his men and their pass, while more than 1,000 of Lafitte's allies would destroy Barataria. The Brit- arms in its defense, if they could be men ashore were ready to fight. But the ish were telling him to help destroy New pardoned for past offenses. Lafittes declined to fight the American Orleans or be destroyed. In this letter. Lafitte was a statesman forces. Dominique, in charge of military Lafitte said he'd have to discuss the matter with his lieutenants and the officers would have to remain overnight. When they demurred, Lafitte refused them passage through the pass until morning and put them under polite guard for the night. The Bos and his top henchmen con- ferred privately, then sent the whole dispatch packet to their friend, John Blanque, in New Orleans, who was a member of the state legislature. Jean wrote a letter to Blanque and sent it, along with the packet, by Raymond Ranchier, his fastest messenger'. Lafitte told Blanque that though his country had outlawed him "she had never ceased to be dear to me." He was sending a secret involving the safety of the country, to be treated as Blanque saw fit. The enemy had "worked on him" in ways hard to resist, suggesting the release of his "brother in irons." He said he declined their proposal and would stall them off for 15 days under pretexts. He asked Blanque's counsel and aid. When the messenger was well on his way, Lafitte reminded the British that his men were quite obviously hostile. It would take him some time to persuade Lafitte's authority was challenged just once, and he killed the man who dared it. them. He returned the officers to their ship in the morning and promised to who ranked with any ambassador of a operations, stopped the cannoneers. He communicate soon. realm, humbling himself to heal wounds told his men to burn their warehouses The following day he sent Captain for the sake of the country. If his offer and ships and hide in the swamps. Not Lockyer a flattering and cooperative were refused, he said, the Baratarians a shot was fired in defense. note. Hostility among a few of his men, would leave now to avoid ail suspicion The Americans swarmed onto Grand he said, and the need to make numerous of a part in the coming invasion. Terre. They seized everything of value arrangements, would take about two Claiborne sent this letter and the Brit- and destroyed everything else, includ- weeks to iron out. He praised Lockyer ish packet to Gen. Andrew Jackson at ing Jean's home. According to Patter- and looked forward to the promised re- Mobile, headquarters of Military Dis- son's later report, they took seven wards. The British were convinced that trict No. 7, which included Tennessee. schooners and a cruiser before the Bara- in two weeks the Baratarians would be Louisiana and all the Mississippi Ter- tarians could burn them, and a half in their service. ritory. General Jackson's present war million dollars' worth of merchandise About this time, v/ord came that duty was to protect the Gulf Coast from and money—all of which was claimed Pierre had escaped in spite of chains the British. He didn't have enough troops by Patterson and his men as "good and and guards. History has not yet dis- or any idea how he could defend New lawful prize." covered how. Perhaps Blanque saw to Orleans. But, he wrote Claiborne, he'd The soldiers took only 80 prisoners, it. Pierre returned to Grand Terre with have no alliance with "Jean Lafitte and but among them was Dominique You. the messenger, Ranchier. his hellish banditti." All were taken to New Orleans and Ranchier brought no reply from Meanwhile, Lafitte transferred arms, crowded into the Cabildo, with Domi- Blanque because Blanque had none to ammunition and other goods from the nique put in heavy irons. Jean and send. He'd taken the British dispatch Grand Terre warehouses to installations Pierre had escaped into the swamps, with packet to Claiborne and the governor farther in the interior. He expected an about 1,000 others. had assembled a legislative committee. attack from the British when they real- {Continued on page 58)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 25 .

WASHINGTON Opposing Views by PRO & CON Congressmen on The Question . . SHOULD WE NORMALIZE

"YES" ^RESIDENT JOHN KENNEDY told his United Mations survives, grows stronger Ambassador, Adlai Stevenson, in 1961: and is recognized as a real- "You have the hardest thing in the world to ity by a growing propor- sell. It really doesn't make any sense—the idea tion of the world commu- that Taiwan represents China." nity. President Kennedy was describing the central theme The issues involved in of a ludicrous view which has dictated American policy normalizing relations with in Asia for more than two decades—to our own very the People's Republic may great sorrow. be difficult to face but they After World War 2. despite his control of the greatest are not complicated. We military power in Chinese history, Chiang Kai-shek are not called upon to ap- was politically weak and militarily inept. Most ac- prove or welcome the gov- Sen. George McGovern counts suggest that when the civil war resumed in ernment in Peking; only to (D-S.D.) 1947, communist forces were welcomed by a popula- take note at last of the real- tion which had grown totally disenchanted with ity we have tried to avoid—that the People's Republic Chiang's government. It was a rout for the Kuomin- of China is the sole legitimate government of that coun- tang, culminating in Chiang's escape to the island of try, entitled to diplomatic recognition and to China's Taiwan in 1949. seats in the United Nations. Nonetheless, the United States soon interposed Ihese initiatives will not, of themselves, end the naval forces in the waters between the mainland and mutual hostihty between China and the United States. Taiwan, and began supplying military aid to Chiang's We have serious differences of interest and outlook. defeated regime. We became directly involved, and They will persist. have since remained involved, in the remnants of But through these steps we can begin to break down China's civil war. For all of these years we have pre- unreasoning animosity and to approach our disputes tended, in effect, that Chiang's crushing defeat never of substance on the basis of knowledge and mutual took place, and that Chiang and his followers still rep- understanding—in ways which ought to characterize resent a population approaching 800 million people relations between mature societies. on the mainland. Under any reasoned assessment, our policy has been a thumping failure. Among its fruits have been two land wars in Asia, over 100,000 American dead and five times that many wounded, a costly military buildup on China's eastern and southern borders, and the distor- tion of our own economy. Yet, the People's Republic

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel on this

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 RELATIONS WITH RED CHINA?

THE GOAL OF United South Vietnam, since Peking is one of the major sup- States foreign policy pliers of the North Vietnamese Communists. We can should be to enhance the hardly expect to avoid defeat in a war when we help security and maintain the to supply our enemy. integrity of our nation. Ac- But all other considerations pale when we consider commodating the Red the true nature of the Red Chinese regime. The excel- Chinese dictatorship does lent study recently released by the Senate Internal neither, instead it sacri- Security Subcommittee, "The Human Cost of Com- fices both. munism in China," states that since coming to power By embracing Peking in 1949 the reds have been responsible for the deaths of we are abandoning our at least 30 million and perhaps as many as 60 million ally, the Republic of Chinese, surpassing Hitler and Stalin combined in China. Both the Chinese the sheer number of their victims. Communists and National- The study concludes: ists have rejected a "two China" policy. Therefore, we "The cost of progress achieved under Communist cannot simultaneously support both governments, as rule is too high for the conscience of the world to ab- many would have us believe. solve its perpetrators. In terms of human life and Rapprochement with Red China at the expense of human suffering and in terms of destruction of moral the Republic of China may be expected, in the words and cultural values this cost cannot be condoned by of Senator John Tower, to "result in the loss of mihtary any rationalization." base rights in the Western defense perimeter, render By establishing friendly relations with such a regime the strategic concept of the perimeter worthless, and our nation loses claim to moral credibility. The only force a withdrawal of our security line back to the proper and honorable foreign policy toward a govern- West Coast." ment guilty of crimes of this magnitude is a policy de- Relations with Peking will seriously endanger our signed to weaken rather than strengthen what has to internal security. In June, J. Edgar Hoover reported: be the most vicious tyranny on the face of the earth. "The shadows of pro-Peking subversion are daily becoming a more serious problem in this country." Mr. Hoover stated that the major handicap faced by Peking's espionage and subversion apparatus in the United States has been its lack of a legal base on our soil. If we facilitate Red China's entry into the United Nations, we ourselves will have provided them with just such a base. I I I have read in The American Legion IVIagazine for No-

Opening up trade with Red China further weakens I vember the arguments in PRO & CON: Should We Nor- | malize Relations With Red China? our chances of successfully defending freedom in I |

IN MY OPINION RELATIONS WITH RED CHINA SHOULD I BE SHOULD NOT BE NORMALIZED. { n j fill the "ballot" and mail it to him. 1^ issue, out SIGNED j

I ADDRESS I

TOWN STATE j

I I

You can address any Representative c/o U.S. House of Representatives, Wash- ington, D.C. 20515; any Senator c/o U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. 20510.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 27 etc. Put them in it LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS and hang it from a tree so air can circulate through it.

WHEN you're out fishing and get caught Wilderness Navigation in a fog, the way to travel a straight course is to let out about 15 feet of rope from the stern of your boat. When the rope is straight, your ALL oUTDOORSMtN are advised to carry mark visible from your camp and from course is straight; when it curves, compasses, and most do. but few know almost any place in the woods, such as a hill you're travellmg m a circle. how to use them as precision direction- with a single tree on its top or the narrow finding instruments. In general practice, if end of a lake. Take a bearing on it from EMERGENCY HIGHWAY KIT (shown a hunter walks into the woods toward the camp. Let's say it's 120". Then, to return here) with four 16" x 23" universally recog- east, to return he walks west. But this will after wandering in the woods, walk to the nized signs which show passing motorists not take him back to his starting point, such hill or the end of the lake and your camp your trouble and which can be easily at- as his camp near a stream, or his car parked will lie on a bearing of 300" (120-M80). tached to the back of your car with non- on a road. His compass will show him only For greater accuracy, determine its distance, general direction. He may reach the stream too. or road a mile or more north or south of In use. hold the compass away from your EMERGENCY his objective. The compass can. however, body: even a metal belt buckle can influence HIGHWAY KIT when used correctly, return him almost ex- its needle. And keep it several feet away NEED CAS !!! ACCIDENT ! BLOWOUT acth to his starting point. from your gun. ax or knife. Neither will it

It is wise to invest in a good compass, read correctly near a metal bridge or rail- one with folding sights used almost like road rails. Every sighting compass comes rifle sights. Then bearings (directions) can with a set of instructions for use: follow be noted with precision. Before starting out, them carefully, practice its use. and you'll align the needle with north, then turn the be surprised how easy navigation in the HELP! HELP! I HELP! sights to point in the direction in which you woods can be. MECHANICAL TROUBLE (4pc. SET ) 16'x23" intend to walk. The reading in degrees is shown beneath the sight line on the compass SPRAY the inside bottom of your metal disk. Record this bearing on a piece of pa- boat or canoe with the undercoating ma- per, also the time indicated by your watch. terial they use on automobiles, advises Time is used to measure distance; it's easier Henry Morgan of White Rock, B.C. It will than counting paces. For example, if you provide a non-skid surface that will also walk one mile per hoiu- for a half-hoiu'. you deaden sounds of feet and tackle that scaie will cover a half mile. Carry the compass fish. in youi' hand as yoLi walk. Every time you turn to skirt a swamp or hill, or to follow WHEN an undersized trout must be re- scratch suction cups. Ppd for $L50. Send a ridge line, repeat the procedure, noting leased, don't place it in a swift current, cash, check or money order to Ronald the distance you walked and the new bear- warns Conrad Fiorelio of Brooklyn. N.Y. Sutton, Dept. 18, 10628 Prairie, Chi. 111. ing. Then to return, for each leg of your It will be swept downstream without a 60628. trip use the noted distance and the reciprocal chance to recuperate. Place it in an eddy (opposite) bearing. This is found by adding where it will have a better chance to sur- EMPTY .22 shells can be made into good 180. For example: if a bearing is 45". its vive. fishing sinkers, writes Thomas Sybek of reciprocal is 45 + 180 = 225". If such a Chicopee, Mass. Put a loop of wire leader in sum is over 360. subtract 360; for example: DON'T drag your deer carcass along the each and pour in molten lead melted in an 320+ 180 - 500, minus 360 is 140". Using ground if it's too heavy to carry. Friction old frying pan. Use the three .22 sizes for these reciprocal bearings, and youi' walk- will ruin the hide. Carry with you a large three sinker sizes. ing times, you can almost retrace your sheet of heavy vinyl plastic, spread it under footsteps. the deer, gather together two ends and tie THE OPENINGS in the ventilated rib of Another method is to choose a high land- them with a rope, then use it as a handle an expensive shotgun are difficult to clean, for dragging. The plastic will protect the but not if you use an ordinary pipe cleaner, hide. reports Gene High of Bement, III. Soak it in solvent. BEACH your boat stern first if there's a strong wind and high waves are hitting the CLEANING frying pans on a camping trip shore, suggests George Hill of Seattle, presents a problem. Sand will help if any is Wash. Then the water won't splash over the available. Another good pan scratcher for transom. removing fried egg, pancake and grease residue is a crumpled piece of aluminum foil, FREEZER BURN on those mouth-water- writes Carol Schafroth of Kankakee, 111. ing steaks you cache in your freezer will make them gray, dry and flavorless. To UNUSUALLY effective is a new fishing prevent it, wrap tightly to keep out all air. spoon called the "Pixee." Made of ham- A thin coat of ice on the steaks before mered brass, its secret is a glowing plastic wrapping will make sure. insert that resembles a cluster of salmon eggs that has proved deadly to pike, wall- TO CATCH fish in heavy weeds and lily eyes, rainbow trout and coho salmon. In pads, cut a small-pore dark green sponge three sizes, priced from 850 to $1.25. From: into the shape of a small frog and bury a National Expert, Inc., 2928 Stevens Ave., hook in it, then cast, suggests Terry Olar of Minneapolis, Minn. 55408. West Lafayette, Ind. The sponge won't snag, and the hook will penetrate it easily when If you have a helpful idea for this feature a fish hits it. send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- A NET BAG such as vegetables come in turn, or enter into correspondence concern- is handy on a camping trip, writes Joe Hille ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, "Frankly, I'm looking for something I can use to kick out a no-good son-in-law." of Burien, Wash. It's light and packs small. The American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave- THE AMF.RKAN l.EfliON MAGAZIM Use it for drying washed pots, pans, dishes. nue of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 100 19.

28 THE Ar/IERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 .

An exclusive opportunity to acquire a First Edition Proof Set of the First Official Series of American Legion Commemorative Medals

The American Legion Medallic Treasury of Great American Victories

in Soiid Bronze or Steriing Siiver

First Edition Proof Sets Reserved Exclusively for Legion Families.

Subscription Rolls Close November 30, 1971 It is a proud record. And we who have served The American Legion our country appreciate its significance. As we recall the brave and gallant men who earned out Medallic Treasury of victories ... as we honor their unswerving loyalty and determination ... we have an effective answer to those who seek to weaken, divide and demor- alize ournation.And we remember General Patton's statement that wars are won not by weapons but

Great that it is always "the spirit of the men" by men— that gains the victory.

In tribute to that spirit— a lasting tribute that will ^ I lil i I I T ri I'tJ endure for future generations as well as for out

own— the National Executive Committee is proud to announce the Legion's first official series of commemorative medals: The American Legion Medallic Treasury of Great American Victories.

History Revisited—In An Exciting New Way

The series will begin at Concord in 1775, where "once the embattled farmers stood and fired the Twenty-four sweeping American victories. shot heard round the world." Washington will Forged on land, on sea, and in the air. With un- again cross the Delaware, to rout the Hessians at matched daring, perseverance and courage. Trenton. Dewey will triumph on Manila Bay. Theff; Victories as magnificent as Concord and York- Doughboys will score victory after victory "over town. New Orleans. Manila Bay. Belleau Wood. there." And many Legion members will remember Midway. Remagen. And Iwo Jima. Legendary vic- with pride how they themselves helped turn the tories which remind us and the world of the stuff tide at Guadalcanal and the Ruhr, at Chateau-i that Americans are made of. Thierry and St. L6^

MM Designing a medal to depict each of th* Members May Choose victories represented a formidable challenge Silver or Bronze challenge is being met— with great dedica his by the artists and craftsmen of our official ri Each Legion member may choose to have Mint, Proof Set minted in Solid Sterling Silver, at $9.50 The Franklin the world's foremost f mint. per medal, or in Solid Bronze, at $4.00 per medal.

Master sculptor Ernest Schroeder is creatii The Franklin Mint has guaranteed to ship all 24 original bas-relief sculptures from whic medals at these prices regardless of future fluctu- medals will be minted. The face of each ations in metal costs. This is a significantguarantee, will depict the highpoint in the great America at a time when silver is rapidly disappearing from world. tory it commemorates. The reverse will feaj the coinage of the tactical map showing the deployment of i Subscription Deadline—November 30, 1971 which made that victory possible. These ma being researched and authenticated by d To allow time for the first Proof medals to be guished professors of military history fron minted and shipped before the Holidays, all sub-

United States Military Academy, The United ; scription applications must be postmarked by Naval Academy, and The United States Air November 30, 1971. Academy. This is the only time that First Edition Proof Sets offered. take advantage of this unique The first two medals, commemorating th can be To opportunity mail the subscription application below. tories at Concord and Trenton, will be issu

December 1971. Two additional medals vi issued each month thereafter until the series is complete.

Each medal will be individually edge-n" "OFFICIALAMERICAN LEGION MEDAL" t- manently certify its official status. MEDALLIC Subscription applications must be postrr ^ TREASURY OF GREAT by November 30, 1 971 , to be accepted. PROOF SET SUBSCRIPTION APPLICATION

Must be postmarked by November 30, 1971

Great American Victories The Franklin Mint Franklin Center, Pennsylvania 19063

As a member of The American Legion, The American Legion

Auxiliary or The SAL, I would like to exercise my exclusive privilege to acquire a hallmarked First Edition Proof Set of the official American Legion series of twenty-four commemorative medals honoring Great American Victories.

I would like my Proof Set to be struck in: (check only one)

Solid Sterling Silver at $9.50* per medal

Solid Bronze at $4.00* per medal.

I understand that this Proof Set will be minted expressly for my account, and will be sent to me at the rate of two medals

per month for 12 months. I agree to pay promptly for the medals on a monthly prepayment basis.

Enclosed is my remittance of $_ . for the first two medals ($1 9.00* for sterling silver or $8.00* for bronze.) *Plus my state sales tax

Signature. Signature required for acceptance of order Name Please print clearly Address.

City, State, Zip_

Membership Card No. .Year_

Post No Unit No. Squadron No..

Limit: One Proof Set Per Subscriber THE AMERICAN LEGION MEDALLIC TREASURY OF GREAT AMERICAN VICTORIES

CONCORD .TRENTON .SARATOGA FLAMBOROUGH HEAD

YORKTOWN . LAKE ERIE

NEW ORLEANS . MONTERREY

B U EN A VISTA . MANILA BAY

CHATEAU-THIERRY . BELLEAU WOOD

ST. MIHIEL . MEUSE ARGONNE . MIDWAY

GUADALCANAL . SALERNO

THE MARIANAS . ST. LO • LEYTE GULF

IWO JIMA . REMAGEN BRIDGE

THE RUHR POCKET . OKINAWA

The Franklin Mint, a publicly owned corporation with headquarters in America and subsidiaries in

Canada and Europe, is not affiliated with the U.S. Mint or any other governmental agency.

An organization of more than 1,000 employees, with total assets exceeding $30,000,000, it is the world's largest and foremost private mint. The Franklin Mint produces commemorative medals for such organizations as the United Nations, the White House Historical Association, the U.S. Olympic

Committee and Postmasters of America. It also produces coin of the realm for several foreign countries, and is the preeminent international source of custom-minted commemorative and art medals. ) .

A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU

NOViMBER 1971

FREE BURIAL PLOTS IN PRIVATE tion fee, generally $10.00 . . . The CEMETERIES COULD COST VETERANS postcard is obviously used for MORE THAN EXPECTED: salesmen's leads and the $10.00 is a When you read the sign or adver- strong indication that the prospect tisement which states "FREE GRAVES is interested and will see the FOR VETERANS" —that's when your salesman . . . From here on in, it's "let the buyer beware" . . . of caution antenna should go up . . . Some They may turn out to be not so free these so-called "free burial plots" have wound costing veterans any- after all . . . Reports keep recurring up with increasing frequency about the where from $750 to $1,100 . . . An- so-called "free burial plots" that other possible deficiency in this are being offered by some private type of contract is that a veteran cemeteries in various parts of the might purchase burial space in one

country . . . There are no indications part of the country, later move, yet of wijdespread patently illegal and be unable to have his contract activities in this area and for the transferred to a cemetery near where most part federal agencies are he may be at time of death . . . unable to develop cases to prose- Cases of conclusive fraud are to this area cute . . . The idea behind the pro- difficult prove in motion is designed to take advantage though there have been a substantial of the obvious—and growing— short- amount of complaints made to various age of burial spaces in the country's state and federal agencies . . . Some 85 free national cemeteries of which cemetery operations also advertise 39 are already closed because of in a way that suggests an official connection with federal government lack of space ; six others are expected to close within five years agencies when in fact there is no and another 12 are destined to close such affiliation.

within the next 10 years . . . Out of The Legion's Rehabilitation Di- 21 VA cemeteries, smaller usually vision, 1608 K St. N.W., Washington, and near VA hospitals, seven have D.C. 20006, is interested in acquir- already been closed and five more ing printed information such as will probably follow in 10 years. brochures, pamphlets, copies of (The Legion has long sought a sales agreements, publicity fliers unified National Cemetery System and any other material relative to with jurisdiction to be handled by the activities of private cemeteries the VA and legislative activities which offer "free burial plots" to be handled by the Veterans Affairs to veterans. Committees of both houses of Con- Before signing any forms on cem- gress. S-2052, a bill to establish a etery contracts—or any other National Cemetery System under VA contracts—veterans should make sure jurisdiction, was introduced last they are thoroughly informed as to all terms, conditions, costs and June . Though Legion Rehab Division charges experts know of no fraudulent activities yet, words of caution are being MILITARY SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT spread that the cost of a "free" GETS NEW LIFE TO MID-1973: burial plot may actually run pretty After seven months in Congress, high when a veteran gets involved in the draft extension act was passed

such a situation . . . Most of these by a vote of 55-30 and sent to the

propositions seem to take the form President for signature . . . The new of a "loss leader" item, i.e., one law extends military conscription that will get the veteran interested until June 30, 1973, ends student and thus receptive to sales pitches. deferments and places no significant There are variations on the theme limits on presidential war or de-

but most often the ads are in news- fense policies . . . Among other things papers or come by direct mail and the act also (1) increases military state that the cemetery involved is pay and allowances by $2.4 billion setting aside "free burial property" annually, (2) provides for combat for a limited number of veterans be- bonuses, (3) places an induction cause of the shortage of national ceiling of 130,000 draftees in cemetery space ... A return postcard fiscal year 1972 and no more than is usually included which asks for 140,000 in the following fiscal year certain information and a registra- without further Congressional

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 35 1

CONTINUED VETERANS NEWSLETTER authorization and (4) expresses the convention action in New Orleans. sense of the Congress that there If it becomes law the amendment would be a prompt and orderly with- would overturn Supreme Court de- drawal of U.S. forces from Indochina cisions of 1962 and 1963 which hold contingent upon the release of all that the First Amendment's guarantee American prisoners of war. of religious freedom does not include The Legion has long supported a organized prayer in public schools. strong defense manpower position A determined and persistent that called for either universal Cuyahoga, Ohio housewife, Mrs. Ben military training or extension of Ruhlin, and a 30-member committee the induction authority contained are generally credited along with in the Selective Service Act . . . Rep. Chalmers Wylie (Ohio) with Its most recent mandate on the doing much of the legwork and cam- subject is Resolution 549 of the paigning over the last six months 53rd National Convention in Houston, which convinced the 218 legislators

Tex. . . . Passage of this bill to sign the discharge petition. partially fulfills the purpose of the Legion's convention mandate. VETS WITH DISCHARGES OTHER THAN HONORABLE BECAUSE OF DRUG ABUSE MOVE TO MERGE GEORGIA DEP'T OF CAN REQUEST REVIEW AND CHANGE: VETERANS SERVICES INTO A Former servicemen having certain SUPER AGENCY IS AVERTED: other than honorable discharges In Georgia, a move to merge the issued to them because of drug abuse State Department of Veterans' before July 7, 1971 may have such Services along with nine other non- discharges reviewed by signing and related state agencies into a submitting Department of Defense mammoth Department of Human Re- Form 293 to the Discharge Review sources was averted due to the Board of the military branch from

efforts of Georgia Legionnaires and which the discharge was received . . • other veteran organizations when a The purpose of this procedure is to study group appointed by Gov. Jimmy give such veterans a chance to have Carter recommended unanimously discharges recharacterized to "under that the veterans' agency continue as honorable conditions" and make them a separate constitutional depart- eligible to receive medical treat-

ment . . . Its opinion was "that it ment at VA facilities ... In 1969 was in the interest of good govern- and 1970, over 4,000 discharges were ment not to make the department issued because of drug abuse. subservient to another, that this would work to the disadvantage of BIOGRAPHY READY THIS MONTH ON the state's veterans." PAST NAT L CMDR ALVIN OWSLEY: Out this month is a full-scale PRAYER IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS BILL biography of the late Past National FORCED OUT OF HOUSE JUDICIARY Commander of the Legion, Alvin M. COMMITTEE TO FLOOR FOR VOTE: Owsley of Texas, with a foreword

A move to again make nondenomina- written by Gen. Mark Clark . . . En- tional prayer in public schools legal titled "Alvin M. Owsley of Texas, got new strength in September when Apostle of Americanism," the book was 218 Congressmen signed a discharge written by Indianapolis author petition to force a constitutional Marion S. Adams and covers Owsley's amendment on the subject out of the life from his earliest years in House Judiciary Committee and to Texas through his colorful career the floor of the House for a vote in law, business, the U.S. Army and this month where it needs a two- diplomacy as U.S. Envoy to Rumania,

thirds majority to pass . . . From Ireland and Denmark during the there the measure would go to the Franklin D. Roosevelt administra- Senate for action ... If it passes tion ... As a Legion Founder, its

the Senate it would then have to Nat'l Cmdr (1922-23), its Nat '

pass the legislatures of three-fourths Americanism Director (1921-22) , a of the states to become the 27th member of this magazine's governing Amendment to the Constitution and board in its early days, and one of the laws of the land. an orator of great repute, Owsley The Legion has long called for contributed much to the early de- allowing voluntary prayer in public velopment of the Legion and its schools in testimony before Congres- history is intertwined with many sional committees on numerous of his accomplishments . . . The

occasions . . . The latest Legion biography is well illustrated . . . resolution at the Portland National Order from Texian Press, P.O. Box Convention in 1970 reaffirmed a 1968 1684, Waco, Tex., 76703 for $10.00.

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 O F T H E NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS NOVEMBER, 1971

Special Medals Commemorating America's Great Battles Available to Legionnaires

"To preserve the memories and in- from Okinawa in WW2 all the way back sought by experienced collectors. cidents of our associations in the to Concord in the Revolutionary War and Only one proof set will be struck for ." a Great Wars. . will be available for this month only on each subscriber and the number of these very limited basis. The face of each medal sets will be limited to the number of ad- That well-known phrase from the Pre- will depict the highpoint in the great vic- vance subscriptions accepted, plus a small amble to the Legion's Constitution exem- tory it commemorates and the opposite group of honorary sets including one for plifies the spirit behind the creation of an side will feature a tactical map of the area the Legion archives and one for the Pres- Official American Legion Medallic Treas- involved. ident. Each set will be accompanied by a ury of Great American Victories, a set of Of the entire series to be minted the handsome album case and special refer- 24 medals struck by the Franklin Mint of most prized medals of all—First Edition ence material describing the victories. Pennsylvania for The American Legion Proofs—have been reserved for sale to Legion posts may also wish to purchase to commemorate^ur nation's great battle members of the Legion, its Auxiliary them for display in trophy cases. victories. and the Sons of The American Legion. For details of the offer and how you Struck in solid sterling silver or solid These proof medals also carry the may subscribe, see the special color sec- bronze, they illustrate battles ranging Franklin Mint Hallmark and will be tion bound into the center of this issue.

Jobs For Veterans Program to Continue

National Commander Geiger vows continued emphasis booths manned by 75 employer representatives. Each employer paid $300 on Legion's successful national job-finding program for his booth. A total of 3,336 interviews were conducted. 623 veterans In his acceptance speech at the 1971 sored by the Illinois State Employment were hired and 1.532 referrals were National Convention in Houston, Tex., Service and the Veterans Employment made. the newly elected National Commander. Service of the U.S. Dep't of Labor. It A third program was held Sept. 21-22 John H. Geiger (111.) said: "I propose attracted some 1,100 veterans through in Chicago Heights by the VES and the to continue the Jobs For Veterans Pro- the doors between 10:00 a.m.. and 8:00 ISES, reports Howard W. West, VER gram, initiated more than a year ago by p.m., to visit with 160 employers. No for Illinois, but statistics were not avail-

The American Legion. This is a vital statistics had been compiled at press able at press time.

1972 Action program, and it demands time but each employer pledged five jobs Illinois Legion Director of Rehabih- our full attention because it concerns would be available. The post also sup- tation Frank C. Bottigliero reports a the total well-being of our Viet-time vet- plied free coffee and rolls all day. new wrinkle in the program. He says erans. These men deserve a better wel- Another Jobs For Vets effort spon- veterans who are unable to find their come home than being consigned to re- sored by the Chicago Ass'n of Com- particular job specialties are discovering lief or welfare rolls. This country that merce and Industry, the National Alli- parallel opportunities via the Jobs For asked them to serve in its armed forces ance of Businessmen and the Illinois Veterans program that they never is the most affluent in the history of man- State Employment Service at the dreamed existed but for which they kind, and that affluence must be made Palmer House earlier in September drew qualify because of similar experience, to work for the returning veteran by about 1,400 veterans past 37 employers aptitude and training. providing him with the opportunity for A permanent program of securing suitable employment whereby he can At The White House jobs for Vietnam veterans—started over provide for his needs and maintain h's five years ago by Chicago Mayor Rich- dignity as an American citizen. That is ard J. Daley in City Hall offices— is the bare minimum that should be ex- still going strong. Thousands of Chicago pected for these young men who have area veterans h^ve secured employment been called upon to defend our national in city agencies and private business interests on the far frontiers of human through the efi'orts of this program. freedom." • In New Hampshire, about 550 vet- News of the Legion space for Octo- erans wended their way through the ber was given over entirely to Houston booths of some 50 employers and were National Convention coverage. Below able to amass close to 1,500 interviews follows reports on the Jobs For Veter- in one day at a Job Fair in the State ans program covering that time span Armory at Manchester on Sept. 16. At plus any later reports received up to least 15 ex-G.I.'s were hired on the spot press time. Pres. Nixon and Nat'l Cmdr Geiger meet • In Illinois, Legion Post 220 of Story continues on page 40. For a at the White House where the Cmdr pre- Skokie hosted a Job Fair on Sept. 22 at sented him with a bound volume contain- report on Legion police cadet programs, its spacious post home that was co-spon- ing current Legion resolutions. see pages 38 and 39.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 37 —

NEWS Two Legion-Sponsored Two OF THE Legion's departments Pennsylvania and Missouri — this summer operated Iiighly successful week- long programs in the field of law and order training. The venture was Pennsyl- vania's second annual program and Mis- souri's first. Objectives common to both programs are to inculcate respect for law and order and for the men who dedicate their lives to law enforcement. It is also hoped

Marching to class and busy schedule gave huge appetites to Pennsylvania State Police Youth Week boys when they hit chow line.

Youth weekers paid rapt attention in class, whether indoors or outdoors. Horse handling was a popular course.

Youth Week Director Elmer Hafer, Penn- Outdoor graduation exercises at the Pennsylvania State Police Academy, sylvania's Law and Order Chairman.

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 — state Police Cadet Youth Programs

that the contact between law officers and Past Dep't Cmdr Charles A. Barron, young people will help bridge the gap so Law and Order Committee Chmn for that youth's problems might be better Missouri, shepherded the program understood. * through its first circuit with the help of Photos on the left hand page show Sgt. C. D. Whitehead of the Highway portions of Pennsylvania's program Patrol and his training staff. while Missouri's program is illustrated • The Department of Maryland an- on the right hand page. nually sends 10 volunteers from its Boys One hundred Pennsylvania high State program to participate in week- school boys representing that Depart- long exercises at Maryland's State Po- ment's 36 Legion districts assembled at lice Headquarters along with State Po- the State Police Academy, Hershey, Pa., lice recruits then taking training in the July 18-24 for the Second Annual regular 24 week school. Each young American Legion Police Youth Week. graduate here also receives a certificate. The training they got during that rigor- ous week included instructions and in- tensive briefing on such subjects as highway safety, the Pennsylvania Vehicle Code, drug abuse; the history of the State Police, demonstrations of police skills (handling of cars, horses, weapons, explosives, etc..) and the viewing of educational films. The training was similar to but not as extensive or strenuous as that given regular State Police cadets. Missouri's "Show Me" cadets got instructions on drugs (left) and gun handling. The youths toured local points of interest, participated in swimming and organized sports activities and visited the Indiantown Gap Military Reserva- tion where they observed ROTC cadets taking training and toured a simulated Vietnamese village. Pennsylvania Le- gionnaires served as volunteer coun- selors and supervised all non-police related activities.

Director of Pennsylvania's program is Elmer Hafer, Department Law & Order Chairman. Mr. Hafer is a senior security officer at the Federal Penitentiary, Lewisburg, Pa. He was assisted by State Police Sgt. Matthew Chabal, also a Le- gionnaire, and the staff of the academy. All expenses for the youths—meals, uniform clothing, transportation, etc., are paid for by the Legion from funds provided by sponsoring posts. An estimated 400 persons—parents, friends and Legionnaires — attended graduation exercises on July 24. • The Missouri Legion's first program got off to a good start as 40 high school age boys (-16-18) gathered at Six a.m. calisthenics was a part of the Missouri cadet patrol academy program. the State Highway Patrol Law Enforce- ^ ment Academy in Jefferson City, June ^ ^M^^^^M ^^^^SP^W W^P3*W^^H 20-25 to work their way through a schedule very similar to Pennsylvania's that was designed "to provide first hand experience of the role of our police in promoting and safeguarding American freedoms and rights." At the end of the activity-packed week (up at 5:00 a.m., in bed by 10:30 p.m.) each cadet got a Certificate of Achievement from Col. E. L Hockaday, Supt., Missouri State Highway Patrol as families and friends watched.

*A similar program in the Dep't of Kansas was Charles Barron, first-year cadets. reported in September News of the Legion. Missouri's Law & Order Chmn, surrounded by 40

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 39 NEWS Media co\cragc was excellent. So en- LEO LALONDK, BISMARCK TRIBUNE Legion Leader Honored thusiastic were employers that they called for another Job Fair to be held in April of 1972. Job Fairs are already

set for Bremerton. Nov. 10-1 1. and the Aberdeen-Hoquiam area later this \ear. Plans are in the talking stage lor an effort in Yakima. • In North Dakota. Lloyd Spelz Post of Bismarck and Gilbert S. Furness Post 40 of Mandan. combined with the North Dakota Employment Service, the VA and other agencies to present a "Veter- ans Job Fair" in Bismarck's Civic Cen- ter on Sept. 14. Almost 250 veterans

E. Roy Stone, Jr.. Nat'l Executive Commit- teeman (S.C.), cuts the ribbon to signal formal opening of a 150-bed Veterans Pa- vilion named in his honor at the South Vets await interviews at Fargo Job Fair. Carolina Dep't of Mental Health facility in Columbia for his many years of work on sions with the veterans until 9:00 p.m. behalf of that state's veterans. Gov. John New York State also boasts some 10,000 C. West holds ribbon as Mrs. Stone watches. veterans in training, over 50% in on- the-job training and just under 50% in apprenticeship training programs. and 150 more were being considered by Dep't Adjt Hubie O'Neil (center, facing) • In Washington, D.C., the U.S. La- employers pending further processing. and Dep't Service Officer Al Nadeau man Legion booth at Manchester Job Fair. bor Dep't announced that it would not The effort was sponsored bv the Legion, deter employers from specifying a pref- the V.F.W., the D.A.V.. the Dep't of from 54 communities attended and erence for Vietnam veterans when ad- Employment Security, the Veterans Em- each got an average of eight interviews vertising job opportunities. This is a ployment Service, the VA. the Man- from the 64 participating employers. temporary relaxation of requirements chester Union Leader and the New One company invited 20 vets to come Hampshire Sunday News. under the Age Discrimination in Em- inspect their factory to decide if they ployment Act and will continue for as • In the State of Washington, well wanted a production job. Preliminary long as Viet vets need special assistance over 3,000 veterans attended a two-day figures indicate 36 veterans were of- in finding work. Job Fair on Sept. 14-15 at the Armory fered on-the-spot jobs and 1 85 were in Tacoma sponsored by the Mayor's scheduled for further interviews. One Vets Urged to Get Education Task Force of the City of Tacoma. the comment from a young vet at the fair For the veteran who can't get a job, the State Employment Security Agency and made all the work worthwhile. Said he: Legion urges that he take advantage of the American Legion. Complete statistics "It feels good to know somebod\' cares G.I. education-training benefit programs were unavailable at this writing but 78 about us." and in October, Nat'l Cmdr John H. employers had booths and 88 veterans • In Missouri, the Kansas City Le- Geiger announced a nationwide coopera- got jobs on the spot. Employers indi- gion along with the National Alliance tive program with the American Ass'n of cated that over 800 jobs may soon en- of Businessmen, the Legion Auxiliary Junior Colleges and the VA to increase sue directly from this initial contact. and other veterans groups, combined to contacts with returning servicemen for put on a one-day Jobs Fair at the Muni- that purpose. Oklahoma Jobs For Vets Center cipal Auditorium on August 16. About Said Cmdr Geiger: "This cooperative 2.500 veterans had the chance to talk relationship should strengthen our to representatives of some 200 com- 'Reach Out' program by enabling us to panies. At press time, reports indicated make our work more meaningful as we about 200 veterans were hired and 300- counsel the younger veterans who wish 500 more were scheduled for additional to continue their education." interviews. Legion posts will be urged through • In New York, the Capital District their department headquarters to release Post-Vietnam Planning Committee of to interested local colleges the names of Albany held a Veterans Assistance Day returning e.x-servicemen. with the under- at the New Scotland Avenue Armory on standing the names will be used only July 9 which drew some 500 veterans for the purpose of encouraging more for counseling on jobs, veterans pro- veterans to return to school. grams and benefits, reports Frank V. For the veteran who worries whether Photo above shows the formal dedication of a Jobs For Veterans Center in Oklahoma Votto, Director of New York's State his absence from the academic scene or City, Okla. Participating were; Don Bykerk, Division of Veterans' Affairs. Coun- his low high school grades will hinder an District Gov.. 3-H, Lions Clubs of Okla- selors from this division and forty rep- attempt at higher education, many col- homa; Henry Likes, Pres., AFL-CIO; Gov- resentatives of federal and state govern- leges now have open enrollment policies ernor David Hall; Julius Kubier, Exec V.P. of the Associated Industries of Oklahoma ments, area businesses and trade unions and remedial or refresher courses to lend and Dep't Cmdr Harry Scoufos, Jr. conducted over 1.000 counseling ses- a helping hand.

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 Christmas Trees for Song Be donations received by the Center. The gold. The flag is lighted and flies 24 units were the largest donors, followed by hours every day. Legionnaire James T. Song Be lies on a mountain top in the posts. The Legion's Fourth, Fifth and O'Connor conceived the idea of the South Vietnam, about 100 helicopter Tenth Districts purchased the rights to a flag and the aforementioned arrange- miles from Saigon. A year ago, four performance of the 100th Anniversary ments, installed the lighting, and did days before Christmas, the GIs at Song Ringling Bros. & Barnum & Bailey Cir- the bulk of the work in erecting the Be heard the drone of a helicopter and cus at Bloomington. All proceeds of this pole. He was assisted by Roy Higgerson hurried to see what word and gifts from performance will be contributed to the and Kirby Beaher. home might possibly have arrived. They Servicemen's Center. were astonished to see that the pay-load BRIEFLY NOTED was not mail bags but Christmas trees! in Attached to each Douglas Fir was the Legion Adventures Flags message: "From the college students of "Nebraskans Say America is Beauti- Southern California." This Christmas ful." That is what the Nebraska Legion will mark the fifth year that the trees and other civic organizations are saying have been sent to Vietnam. on a flag decal. They hope it will stimu- This project. Operation Christmas, late a renewal of old-fashioned patri- evolved from the eff'orts of five college otism in their state and across the nation. friends led by Douglas G. Allan, a Bernard Gradwohl, a local attorney who former member of the Top Tigers of the initiated the idea, says, "It is time to 68th Assault Helicopter Co. The four stop tearing down the country and to partners are Jim Wadleigh, Glen Ullom, get back to the business of building an Bob Spirka, and Dan Freeland. All five ever-improving society based on law and were students at either Fullerton J.C. or order, respect for the individual and his California State College, Fullerton, and property, and the right of every person veterans of Vietnam. The cost of the in our society to the freedoms guaran- trees was completely student subsidized. teed by our Constitution." Donations paid for the tree decorations. Kings County, N.Y., Cmdr Joseph Saia and A public relations office in Sacramento Camp Secretary Vera Jenkins check off some of the 250 city youngsters heading was headed by Andrew P. Salontai. the for a vacation in the country, thanks to an 1970-71 California Legion Dep't Cmdr. extensive Legion camp program. In addition to handling press releases and flying to Los Angeles to appear in The distinction of being the best all- two press conferences, Andy got the round Legion publication (Unlimited Governor's office to lift $200-plus in Category, based on excellence of journal- sales tax on decorations purchased for ism) was given to The Washington State the Operation. Legionnaire, of Seattle, Wash., by The "Our primary object." says Doug Al- American Legion Press Assoc. Second lan, "was to bring just a small bit of place in the ALPA contest went to The cheer to those members of our Armed Georgia Legionnaire. The California Le- Forces who are involved in that conflict gionnaire won third place. Among post and remind that them the majority of publications, the Al Weinberg Plaque for college students support our troops and first place went to the Livingston Safari, deplore campus radicals, revolutionar- Post 201, Livingston, N.J.; second. The ies, and protestors seeking to violently Dep't of Illinois provides state flag. Legionnaire, Post 80, Binghamton, overthrow our system of free enterprise N.Y.; and third. The Bell Post Bugle, and civil liberties." The Dep't of Illinois obtained an Illi- Post 242, Chicago, III. The Jack R. C. nois State Flag (see photo) which Karl Col. Richard Kenyon (LTC), CO Cann Plaque for competition by mimeo. 145th Larsen (left), Potawatomie Lodge Chief Combat Aviation Bn, wrote to ditto and like process papers, was won Arrow, presented to Allan: "It is hard for me to express the of the Order of the by The Lafayette Legionnaire, Post 29, Katschke, Corn Belt Council Boy joy I have seen in the faces of the men James Fayetteville, W. Va. Second was Gold Bloomington. and women who have been given Christ- Scout executive, in Star Dust, Post 505, Milwaukee, Wis., ceremonies conducted under the mas trees. Even Santa Claus was here to At and third. The Ettlin News, Harrison, Post a help with 'Operation Christmas' and that auspices of St. John's, Ore., 98, N.J. brought each one of us a little closer to flag pole was dedicated to the memory home. What you and your friends have of Rainie Lee Winn, late husband of done will not be forgotten." AUegra Winn. The flag used in the ceremonies was presented to Mrs. Winn. Minnesota Aids Servicemen A flag has been erected in front of the Making a hit with servicemen is the home of Post 595, New Madrid, Mo., Servicemen's Center of Minnesota, lo- which has flown over the Capitol Build- cated at the Minneapolis-St. Paul Inter- ing in Jeft'erson City, Mo., over the Capi- national Airport. About 200 servicemen tol in Washington, D.C., has been in a day use the busy airport and find every- Vietnam, and was carried into Cam- thing at the Center bodia by the 1st Air Cav. Div. It was for comfort: lounge, This $14,000 fully equipped ambulance is kitchenette (serve yourself or be served), brought back and dedicated at a cere- gift from Illinois Legion and Auxiliary to color TV, pool table, table tennis, bunks mony participated in by Congressman Illinois Soldiers & Sailors Home. Left to right: Richard Northern, ISSH Supt.; Frank for sleeping, irons and ironing boards and Bill Burlison, 10th District, Mo. An Bottigliero, Legion Dep't Veterans Affairs next to the flag lists all much more—and all free. honor board director; Barbara Schmidt, Past Dep't The Minnesota Legion and Auxiliary local personnel who served in Vietnam. Auxiliary president; and Richard Nicholes, have contributed nearly 45 percent of the Those who lost their lives are listed in Past Dep't Commander of Illinois.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 41 POSTS IN ACTION 200 boys and young men entered at pee wee, novice, high school and college levels. Trophies were given to first place winners, ribbons for second and third, and County Legion participation diplo- mas to all entrants. The tourney was directed by Randy Parker, wrestling coach at Liverpool H.S., where the competition was held. Awards were presented by Larry Manley, of Skaneat- eles Falls Post 317, representing County Cmdr Howard Gray. Working on the Committee were former County Cmdr Post 46, Calif., gives a $500 lift. Tom Soccocio and Past Cmdr Jim Laris tant; Post 803. N.Y., aids children's Assoc. of North Syracuse Post 1297. Jimmie Lee, Finance Officer; Mary Post 803, Southold, N,Y„ raised $2,150 Rose, Public Relations Representative of from a roast beef dinner attended by the Hospital- and Junior Past Cmdr Dick about 700 people who were more than Shelton. Patient is Oscar Sepulveda. usually enthused about a meal. The money was turned over to the Assoc. for COMRADES IN DISTRESS Retarded Children. In the photo. Past Readers who can help these veterans are Post Cmdr. Curt Horton. Dinner Chmn, urged to do so. Usually a statement is needed in support of a VA claim. and Inez Kaelin. president of Unit 803. Notices are run only at the request of American Legion Service Officers representing present the check to Jack Kratoville claimants, using Search For Witness Forms (right), president of the North Fork available only from State Legion Service Officers. Auxiliary of the Association. 40th Div. Hq Co (Pusan, Korea Dec. 24, 1945)— Need information from Cpl Stokes, Mess Staff Sgt Theodorakis, Vineyard and other comrades who knew that Ralph L. Trammell had a chronic stomach condition. Write "CD97, American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019" 3rd Texas Cav, Troop B, Texas Nat'l Guard (San Antonio. Sep't 20, 1918)—Need informa- Post 1011, Brooklyn, N.Y., presented four tion from Cooper, of Houston, and other com- Golden Years Chairs (cost: $2,000) to VA rades who recall that Eugene W. Harper was Hospital for comfort of nonambulatory assigned to training school at Camp Stanley, Texas. Write "CD98, American Legion Maga- patients. L. to R.: Past Cmdrs M. Good- zine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, stein and G. Cohen, Dr. P. Casesa, Hos- N.Y. 10019" pital Visitation Chmn J. Blatt, and Past 434th AAA Bn, Bat D (Bizerte, No. Africa 1943) —Need information from Alva and other Dep't Vice Commander J. Friedman. comrades who knew that Estanislado Sierra injured his back while unloading and setting up an AA fire control director. Write "CD99, Post 423, N.Y., nets first-time voters. American Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. of the 10019" Post 423, Far Rockaway, N.Y., Americas, New York, N.Y. put on 1st Marine Div. 5th Reg't, aboard USS Wakefield a campaign to encourage new voters to (Melbourne, Australia, March 1943) —Need information from Capt Newman (Mass.), register, got 80 new voters and con- S/Sgt Buff (Pa.) and any other comrades who recall that Warren Levi Wood received ducted three voter registration days at injuries to mouth and teeth while aboard the post. According to the post, it won USS Wakefield and got dental treatment for same. Write "CDIOO, American Legion Maga- a Dep't Americanism First Place Award zine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019" as well as the Thomas J. Freeman Amer- India, WW2, Air Force, 326th Troop Carrier icanism Trophy in Queens County for Sqdn—Those who knew Francis ("Brick") Pelham Bradford, Jr., and may know an.y the second year in a row. In the photo details of the conditions and of illness he suffered in India in WW2 may help his widow (1. to rt.) the Legionnaires are Adjutant establish a death benefits claim. Write A. Bianco. VC J. Duillo. Historian B. "CDlOl, American Legion Magazine, 1345 The 1972 officers of Post 135, Tahlequah, Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. 10019" Butler. VC and Americanism Chmn N. Okla., are ALL Viet Vets, led by Post Cmdr USS Ashtabula (A051, Kaoshiong, Formosa, April 1958) information from Ens Rairden. and Post Cmdr. J. Fcerick. —Need Herb Carter (shown at left, front row). Rider, Capt Schmid, GMl Keene or any other comrades who were on duty or passing by when the ship was airing fuel tanks. Need Tawakoni Post 517, Quinlan, Texas, information from anyone who saw that ship alongside were chartered a little over a year ago. has liberty parties from a throwing lighted firecrackers at the tanks. grown from 32 to over 200 members in Information needed by William H. Nickerson, who was on watch and had just been dis- that time. Named after the lake on which charged from hospital with diagnosis of American it is located, the post has not only the anxiety reaction. Write "CD102, Legion Magazine, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, standard Legion activities but a history New York 10019" Wackernheim, Germany, 40th Gp. 217th Field of having pitched in with aid in com- Art'y Bn, Bat B (March 1959 approx.)—Need munity disasters (drownings, fires, desti- information from Sgt. Sockbeson, Sp5 McPherson, Sfc Wofford, Sp5 Pig, Sp5 Rob- tute families) and held a watermelon bins and any other comrades who recall that Samuel B. Munoz hurt his back while load- feast and music night. Lake Tawakoni, Post 332, Batavia, N.Y., seeking Viet Vets, ing heavy equipment during night operation. American Legion Magazine, incidentally, "has some of the best bass dedicated a new $100,000 home. Write "CD103, 1345 Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y. fishing around and we hope that if any 10019" Italy, 99th Bomb Gp, 346th Sqdn (Foggia of you readers are near City, Calif., gave a AAF, our area, you Post 46, Culver $500 Main AB, Naples, May-Dec. 1944)—Need in- will visit us and enjoy our hospitality." Surgi-Lift to the Orthopedic Hospital in formation from S/Sgt Vallandingham and other comrades who recall that James Wil- Los Angeles, which serves largely chil- liam Reichert had oxygen failure while on a mission and had respiratory troubles. Write The Onondaga Co. (N.Y.) Legion held dren with physical defects. left to From "CD104, American Legion Magazine, 1345 10019" its first wrestling tournament with over right in the photo are Zada Swift, Adju- Ave. of the Americas, New York, N.Y.

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 was the gift of the 1 5 living Past National Legion Past NatM Commander Commanders whom Miss O'Donald had Henry L. Stevens, 75, Dies served.

public works projects to foster) for those Clarence M. Glover, of Paris, France, in need. In an article written for The Past Dep't Cmdr (1952-53) and Past American Legion Magazine (March Dep't Adjutant (1951-52). 1932) he said: "The American Legion Springs, is once more on the march. It is going Lowell ("Red") Fess, of Yellow into action again for the country which Ohio, who attended the Paris Caucus of The American Legion in 1919. it served in war. It is engaged in a na- B tion-wide movement to make at least one million new jobs for the unemployed Donald J. Farrar, of Kelseyville, Calif., Past Dep't Philippines (19- and to rehabilitate the nation's disabled Cmdr of the 61-62). industries. To this task it has brought the

same united determination which it re- Howard I. Carrel!, 77. of Lawrenceburg, peatedly has shown in its battles to ob- Tenn.. Past Dep't Adjutant (1945-51). tain hospitals and adequate compensa- tion to rehabilitate the nation's disabled servicemen." PEOPLE IN THE NEWS In 1963, Stevens was sworn in as an Daniel E. Lambert, of Orrington. Me., emergency judge of the Superior Courts Past Dep't (1968-69). Henry L. Stevens, Jr. Cmdr member of of North Carolina for life. Survivors in- the Legion's National Public Relations Superior Court Judge Henry L. clude the widow, Mildred, of Warsaw, Commission, and State Chmn of the Le- Stevens, Jr.. 75, Past National Com- and a son, Henry L. III. gion's Children & Youth Program, mander of The American Legion (1931- named Director of the Community Rep- 32), died August 5 at Warsaw, N.C. Other deaths: resentative Program at the Counseling Henry Leonidas Stevens, Jr., was John H. Shenkel, 77, of Pittsburgh, Pa., Center. Bangor, for Mental Health elected National Commander at the Le- an active Legionnaire decorated in WWI Area II. gion's 13th National Convention in De- by the United States, Belgian. French troit, Mich., in 1931. Born in 1896. and Polish governments. He led a fight Robert C. Kruse, 38. a member of Post Stevens was 35 when chosen to head to have Congress put "In God We Trust" 72, Mt. Carmel. Ohio, who has joined the Legion. He was, at that time, the on currency, and lobbied for passage of the Legion's Nat'l Public Relations Div. youngest ever elected National Com- a bill to include the phrase "under God" Staff (Indianapolis office); he is a vet- mander. in the Pledge of Allegiance. eran of both Korea and Vietnam. He Stevens served in WWi for over a and his wife, Joyce, have a son and a year as a second lieutenant with the Allen A. Yarrow, 81, of Denver, Colo., daughter. 318th Machine Gun Co. of the 81st Di- a former member of the Legion's Nat'l vision, and saw action in the St. Die sec- Housing Committee; a WWI veteran, he John F. Sommer, Jr., 23, a Vietnam vet- tor and the Meuse-Argonne olfensives. was a familiar figure at Legion National eran, new Service Director of the Le- He was a Commander of the French Conventions, where he always wore his gion's Dep't of Ohio, filling the vacancy Legion of Honor. WWI uniform, including spiral leggings created by the death of the former direc- He completed his legal education at and soup dish steel helmet. tor, Frank J. Coletta. John was a combat Univ. of North Carolina and Harvard medic with the 4th Infantry (Ivy) Div. in after the war. In 1922 he married Mil- Francis K. Reilly, 68. of Westwood. Vietnam and was discharged in October, dred Beasley, daughter of Luther A. Mass., retired political editor of the Bos- 1968. A member of Post 164. Grove Beasley, whose law partner Henry be- ton Record American, who in 1956 City, he is a senior night student at came. In 1925 he was 29 when elected received a special citation from the Franklin Univ., Columbus, pursuing a Dep't Commander of North Carolina, Legion's Nat'l Executive Committee for B.S. degree in business administration. then the youngest Dep't Commander in his role in the enactment of the GI Bill the Legion. As a delegate to early Na- of Rights in 1944. which provided educa- NEW POSTS tional Conventions, he served on such tion, housing and jobs for veterans; he The American Legion has recently Convention Committees as Resolutions. was a member of the William Randolph chartered the following new posts: Military Affairs, Internal Organization Hearst team which lobbied for the pas- Bessemer Post 332, Bessemer. Ala.; and Distinguished Guests. sage of the historic bill. Sunland-Tujunga Post 377. Tujunga. When elected National Commander. Calif.; Cal City Post 476. California Stevens was judge of the General Court Legionnaire Vito F. Lanza, 75. of Long City, Calif.; Gredo De Bose Post 327, of Duplin County, widely noted for the Island City, N.Y.. an attorney who was Eustis, Fla.; Burnham Memorial Post brilliance he trial lawyer. had shown as a a 17-year member of the New York City 1300, Burnham, 111.; Francis L. Miller During his term as National Com- Board of Education and its vice presi- Post 78. Hattiesburg, Miss.; Capt. mander. Stevens fought reductions in dent for five years; among his special McKenizie Genwright Post 310. Wil- the Armed Forces and strove to increase concerns on the board was the Special mington, N.C; Robert E. Ropon Post employment during the Depression. He Committee on Veterans Training and 923. Cranberry Twnshp, Pa.; Bristol had also campaigned against Prohibi- Civil Defense. Dixon Post 251, Estill, S.C.; Kelly Field tion. Post 624, San Antonio, Tex.; Devine Commander Stevens strongly sup- Miss Freda O'Donald, of Indianapolis. Post 625, Devine. Tex.; Young Amer- ported the continuing efforts of the Le- Ind., retired, who served 19 National icans Post 368, Newport News, Va.; gion's National Employment Committee Commanders of The American Legion John L. and David L. Banks Post 418, and the individual posts in finding jobs as their personal secretary in a 42-year South Superior, Wis.; and Uppena- and relief (clothing, food, shelter, and career; a floral arrangement on the casket Kroepfle Post 473. Potosi, Wis.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 43 NEWS Russell W. Ambrose. Sr. and Ivvin F. Golden Raymo id F. Ilackman and Myles L, Ritche,y (both 1971). Post 42, Hagerstown. Md. and Francis Root and Oscar H. O. Schmidt American Legion Life Insurance James Hamilton. Jr, (1971), Post 50, Clinton, (all 1971). Post .396. Indian Creek, Wis. Month Ending August 31, 1971 Mass. Edward E. Berens and James A. Homstad Louis Kasper (1953) and H. Perry Chandler (1971). Post 445. Cashton, Wis. Benefits paid Jan. 1-Aug. :n, 1971 S 1,259,791 (1956) and Frank E. Andras (1968) and William H. Mead (1971), Post 13, ButTalo, Benefits paid since April 1958 11,«S0,«4» Thoraas L. O'Neil and Walter L. Range (both Wyo. Basic Units in force (number) 119,190 1971), Post 124, Wcstficld. Mass. New Applications approved since John J. Romaniak (1971), Post 160, Adams, Life Memberships are accepted for publica- Jan. 1, 1971 13,789 tion only on an official form, which we pro- New Applications rejected 3,240 Bert B. Nietupski (1971), Post 286, North vide. Reports received only from Commander, Wilbraham. Mass. Adjutant or Finance Officer of Post which American Legion Life Insurance is an official Michael R. Masters (1971), Post 331, Beverly, awarded the life membership. program of The American Legion, adopted by Mass. The.v may get form b.y sending stamped, tlie National Executive Committee, 1958. It is Frances S. Wakefield and Leonard Warner self-addressed return envelope to: decreasing term insurance, issued on applica- and Mekinlcv A. Watson and Val L, Watts (all "L.M. Form, American Legion Magazine, tion to paid-up members of The American 1971), Post .528, Alto, Mich. 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, N.Y." Legion subject to approval based on health and Maurice C. Irons (1971), Post 231, Minne- 10019. employment statement. Death benefits range apolis, Minn. On a corner of the return envelope write the from $46,000 (four full units up through age 29) Walter Paige (1971), Post 212, West Point, number of names .you wish to report. No in decreasing steps with age to termination of Miss. written letter necessary to get forms. insurance at end of year in which 75th birth- Louis H. Renfrow (1971), Post 37, St. Louis, day occurs. Quoted benefits include 15'n Mo. "bonus" in excess of contract amount. For cal- Edwin H. Ott (1971), Post 299, St. Louis, Mo. endar year 1971 the 15', "across tlie board" in- Roy E. Gastorf and Alfred F. Imming and OUTFIT REUNIONS crease in benefits will continue to all partici- Bernard J. Schroeder (all 1971), Post 385, St. pants in the group insurance plan. Available Louis. Mo. Reunion will be held in month indicated. up to four full units at a flat rate of $24 per G. G. Garrett (1971), Post 499, Blue Springs, For particulars write person whose address is unit a year on a calendar year basis, pro-rated Mo. given. during the first year at $2 a month per unit for Francis J. Strapp (1971), Post 414, Trenton, Notices accepted on official forms only. For insurance approved after January 1. Under- N.J. form send stamped, addressed return envelope written by two commercial life insurance com- Frank Acquavella and Dominick Adipiestro to O. R. Form. American Legion Magazine, panies, the Occidental Life Insurance Co. of and James Amato and James Brady and Al- 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York. N.Y. California and United States Life Insurance Co. fonso Caputo (all 1971), Post 14. Brooklyn. N.Y. 10019. Notices should be received at least five written in the City of New York. American Legion In- Gus Dowling and Sam Lederman and Gus- months before scheduled reunion. No surance Trust Fund is managed by trustees op- tave Romas and Sheldon Rosenblatt (all 1971), letter necessary to get form. favored when volume ol erating under the laws of Missouri. No other Post 272. Rockaway Beach, N.Y. Earliest submission insurance may use the full words "American Clarence R. Smith and Cornelius B. Snedeker requests is too great to print all. Legion." Administered by The American Le- and Horace B. Wheeler (all 1971), Post 355, gion Insurance Division. P.O. Box 5609, Chi- Penn Yan, N.Y. ARIVIY Illinois to which write for more Post .366, Seneca Jr. cago, 60680, Sylvester Luckcrn (1971), 7th Div (WW2. Korea)— ( June ) Louis Wise, details. Falls. N.Y. 30001 Richmond Ave., Mattoon, 111. 61938 Thomas Hutton (1970) and Raymond Britt 15th Eng— (April) Harry Cramer, 59 Broadway, (1971), Po.st 490, Stillwater, N.Y. Hagerstown. Md. 21740 August Fiore and Ambrose J, Fuller and IHth Corps— (March) Norman King, P.O. Box LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Harvey H, Haines and William F. Heyde and 848. Alexandria, La. 71301 William H. C. .Tackson (all 1971), Post ,506, 23rd Eng (May) Joseph Havlena. 10260 Bay St. Legion- — The award of a life membership to a Ossining, N.Y. N.E., Gateway Park, St. Petersburg, Fla. naire bv his Post is a testimony by those who William J. Baldwin and Edwin Beckett and Ameri- 33702 know him best that he has served The Dewey Caswell and Fred Hamilton and Henry 31st MP Co— (Januarv) Curtis Lord, Sr.. 801 can Legion well. Haner (all 1968), Post 686, Grand Gorge, N.Y. Smith Ave.. Prichard, Al. 36610 listed of the previously un- Below are some Howard Corbin (1945) and Joseph Guycttc 88th Div. (Calif. Chapter)— ( March) Peter Mon- that published life membership Post awards (1969) and Charles Bentzen and I.,eonard Bom- tagnoli, 5246 Bixlcr Ave., Lakewood, Calif. have been reported to the editors. They are bard and Gordon Cerow, Sr, (all 1971), Po.st T23rd QM Truck Bn (Mobile)— (June) Paul arranged by States or Departments. 821, Clayton. N.Y. Taylor, 1219 Allendale Drive. Bloomington,

John B. Crago ( 1966) and George Stevenson In.' 47401 Philip Ljiniggren and Earl Caniford and G. (1971). Post 1097. Armonk, N.Y. 1.58th Inf Co B (WWl)—( January ) M. H. Bald- Alfonso R. Lopez and David E. Turner i all Erenst J. Heyman and Armand Langevin and win, 2804 E. Hawthorne St.. Tucson. Az. 85716 1970), Post 3, Flagstaff, Ariz. Alex Larawav and Clifford McLean and Wil- 303th Supply Co. Madison Barracks, N.Y. Emons B. Whisner (1971), Post 13, Hot liam T. Mundell (all 1970), Post 1231, Clinton (WWD— (May) Harry Feldman. 2230 Fair- Springs, Ark. Heights, N.Y. mount Ave.. Philadelphia. Pa. 19130 Lake L. Dungan (1971), Post 94, Exeter, Robert M. Cosgrovc (1970) and James J. 748th Eng. Base Equip Co— (June) Jared John- Calif. Fearon (1971), Post 1738. West Islip, N.Y. son 1733 Asburv Ave.. Evanston. II. 60201 D. Dunaway A. Jr., Augustus Dunaway and Mary John W. Albert, Jr. and Frank Scambcl- 76nth Tank Bn. Co C— ( June) W. R. Shelton, (all 1971), Post 437, Clearlake Highlands, Calif. luri (both 1971). Post 1775, Albany. N.Y. 1404 Woodland Rd. Poplar Bluff. Mo. 63901 Marcus H. McMillin il970) and Max Riave Corbin L. Green and C. R. Hahn and G. E. 3271st Ord Ba^e Depot Co— (June) Elmer Pig- (1971). Post 423, Carmarillo, Calif. Hayes and Adrian Huffman and V. H. Lackey nsy. 705 Jackson Drive. Port Clinton. Oh. Ralph E. Cleveland and Roy C. Gw in and (all 1970), Post 48, Hickory, N.C. 43452 , , Cliarles R. Martz and Donald Q. Palmer and Chester W. Gibbs and Carl BoldsBerry, Sr. Army Arfv Park. 1st Army— (Nov) Michael Jack R. Pennock (all 1971), Post ,32. Longmont, and Webster C. Grant and Thomas H. Hall Gr'assis. 25 Whitmore Place. Oakland. Ca. Colo. and Leroy M. Hammack (all 1970), Post 11, 94611 Augustus E. Giegengack (1971), Post 33, Lancaster. Ohio Nat'l Tuscania Survivors— < Feb) Edward Laner. Wasningtoii, u.C. Leslie N. Bardett and Enoch W. Carman and Sr. 8035 Sticknev Ave.. Wauwatosa. Wi. 53213 Thomas H. Dunn (1970), Post 138. Tampa, Oscar J. Dennis and Charles Foster and Louis N.Y. NafI Guard. 1st & in4fh Field Art'y, Bat F Fla. Fitzgerald (all 1971), Post 312. Belmont, Ohio —(Nov.) Milton Macdonald. 308 Valley Brook Charles L. Beetsclien and David C. MacCul- William Lonberger and Eber Poling and Ave., Lyndhurst, N.J. 07071 loch (1970) and Donald E. Marcho and Arthur Arthur Roberts and William Ta.vlor (all 1970), A. Dickson and Frank Rauscher (1971). Post Post 420, Murray City, Ohio NAVY 286, Pine Castle. Fla. Domenick Violi (1967). Post 141, Indiana, ABSDA #1— (July) D. H. Hushaw^ Box 36. Co- Neal Pliillips James R. Martin (1971) and Pa. lusa. II. 62329 (1971) and George E. Wills, Sr. (1971). Post 201, John H. Coldren (1971), Post 185, Mount Edson's Raiders— (Feb.) James Thomas. 141 E. Alpharetta, Ga. Joy, Pa. 23rd St., Chester, Pa. 19013 A. J. Hinkle and Harvey S. Humphrey and David B. Jones and Lawrence L. Kenney and LST 653— (May) Richard Wilson, Tucker Hill Arthur W. Imthurn Sr. and Frank H. Jacobs James McGranor and George Steindoerfer (all Road, Houghton, N.Y. 14744 and Henry M. Jones (all 1971), Post 13, Lewis- 1971), Post 200. Pittsburgh, Pa. Mobile Hospital 7— (May) Robert Manbeck, 317 ton, Idaho Raymoiid E. Schaeffer and Richard W. Semar Jackson Rd., Pitt.sbureh. Pa. 15239 James E. Kammerer and Charles L. Stoddard and kennetli L. Shappell and Adam D. Singley Motor Mine Sweeper, VMS 3 (WW2)— (June) (both 1971), Post 197, Pecatonica, 111. and Charles M. Singley (all 1970), Post 286, James Da Silva. Sr., 295 Hillside Ave., Tor- John Barnes and Leon Bevard and K. K. Cressona. Pa. rington. Ct. 06790 Kendrick and Ben F. Tranbarger and John M. Thomas Carey and William H. Chase and Patrol Sqdn 1 (VP 1)— (June) Dr. J. A. Corsi, Tregoning (all 1971), Post 347, Carterville. 111. Maurice Dabnev and DeHaven Hinkson and AIMO Nas. Whidbey Island, Wa. 98277 Carl H. Burgston and A. L. Little and Bur- Ernest N. Jones (all 1971), Post 292. Phila- Pre-Flight School. Iowa City (WW2)— (June) dette McHenry and Tom Reese (all 1971). Post delphia. Pa. Pat Pedersen. Columbus Junction, la. 52738 350, Geneseo, 111. Clyde W. Graham (1971), Post 407, Blairs- USS Alkes & Nathan Davis (Gro Pac f7)— Anthony V. Sarlo (1964). Post ,368, Melrose ville. Pa. (Jan) Bennie Leviton. 1220 Overton Park Ave. Finnell Park. 111. John A. Adamowicz and Harold L. ^15. Memphis. Tn. 38104 Kilmartin Herbert J. Jacobs (1970) and Richard G. and James D. Kelly and John D. USS Maddox (DD731. 1953-56)- ( June) R. E. Rogers (1971), Post 957. Chicago, 111. and James F. McCormick (all 1971), Post ,35, Barbeau. 4546 Sydenham Dr.. Englewood. Oh. Edward Rykiel and John Trentacosti (both Providence. R.I. USS Whitehurst (WW2 Korean War) — 111. Michael M. Sablich (1971), Post 133, Temple, 4727 Knights Ave., 1970) , Post 1156, Calumet Park, (June) R. E. Kemper, Raymond Baldwin (1971), Post 58, Green- Tex. Tampa, Fla. 3.3611 castle, Ind. Homer Wetherby and Arthur Young (both Frederick J. Jensen (1969), Post 154, Nappa- 1969) and George Burnham and Patrick Matti- AIR Richford, Vt. nee, Ind. more (both 1970), Post 12, 20th Aero Sqdn (WWD— (May) Dewey Tharp, Hull Timothy Dale and Charles Goulet and Fred John W. P. Crothers and Harvey J. RFD. 4. Box 639. Lutz. Fl. (both 1971). Post 283. Saint Joe, Ind. John and Harold Kennedy and Adolph Keub- 408th Ftr Sqdn (Pollock. La)— (March) Harold Dan Kellv (1971), Post 243. Mediapolis. Iowa ler (all 1971), Post 80, Island Pond, Vt. Schreiner, 945 N. Main, Royal Oak. Mi. 48067 and Clarence I. Woolfrey James E. Lemon (1969), Post 188, Kansas City, L. Agnes Sheetz 45!5th Serv Sqdn— (May) Tony Corcoran, 4813 Kans. (both 1971). Post 24, Alexandria. Va. Page Dr., Metairie, La. 70003 C. M. Terry and O. W. White and Karl Zylks James Torrence and James Vaver (both F. and Jack D. Wood- (all 1971), Post 141. Vivian, La. 1969), and Carl Smith MISCELLANEOUS Reginald Dennis and Alex J. Loisel and John hams (both 1971). Post 1,55, Longview, Wash. Pearl Harbor Attack Veterans— ( Dec) Edward Matthicu and Marie A. L. Matthieu (all Richard D. Kelley (1971), Post 53, Eau Claire, L. Borucki, Box 76A, Southampton, Ma. 01073 1971) , Post 5, Waterville, Maine Wis. 44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 JACKETS & SWEATERS

AID AMERICAN LEGION PROGRAMS Buy from National Emblem Sales The American Legion

A NYLON JACKET. Orion pile lined in Navy only with hood in hidden kangaroo pocket. No. 70242 $17.50

BZELAN JACKET. Weatherproof poplin with two-button collar. Navy blue (No. 70262) or Oyster (No. 70230) $7.00

C MELTON WOOL JACKET. Heavy 24-ounce blue Melton wool with knit sleeve and neck trim, dry-cleanable. No. 70267 $17.95

RALLY JACKET. Oyster Parka Poplin, water repellent "Wash N' Wear". Legion Blue and Gold Rally stripes with full front zipper. Two-button standup collar. No. 70279 $7.50

E 100% NYLON RACING JACKET, elastic cuffs and racing collar. Cigarette pocket on left A sleeve and flap pocket on front. Embroidered U.S. Flag on left sleeve. White with red and blue rally stripes (No. 70414) or blue with red and white stripes (No. 70418) $8.95

F SWEATER. Casual, comfortable pullover V- neck of lightweight blend Creslan acrylic and rayon, backed with soft fleece. Heather tone blue with slight contrasting overtones. Two inch embroidered emblem. No. 70368 $6.00 r

THE AMERICAN LEGION, NATIONAL EMBLEM SALES P.O. Indianapolis, Indiana 46206 Box 1055, Dept . C

Enclosed is $ . Please rush the following

BE SAFE—BE SEEN SPECIAL SAFETY JACKET. Cus- tom designed, heavy nylon jacket with classic collar and hemmed waist, water repellent, spot and stain resistant. Reflective stripes, made of Retro— Reflective Scotch-lite form the inset piping of the V-Front and SIZE INFORMATION yoke back, and are luminous at night from headlights ADULT and other light sources. Available in Blue with (34-36— small; 38-40—medium; CITY STATE Legion emblem. 42-44— large; 46-48—extra large). Q Send free catalog. Membership Card No.. No. 70271 $10.00

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 45 PERSONAL FEDERAL "TAX-WISE" SAVINGS. BARGAIN AIR FARE ADVICE. MORE NO-FAULT INSURANCE?

Think now about your 1971 Federal income tax bill, which you will have to settle up next spring. By making wise moves in the remaining months of this year, you legally might save money. Here are some common-sense considerations: 1) Federal income taxes—by and large—will be lower on 1972 incomes than on this year's. The obvious moral of this is that you should crowd as many de- ductions into 1971 as possible, when they will do you the most good. For example: A fellow in a high tax bracket can get a S600 deduction if he contributes $1,000 to charity this year; next year he would get $500 or less. So—if you can afford it—give now. The same is true of medical expenses and the accelerated Isn't there anything that payment of state and local taxes (think about paying fourth-quarter 1971 in- stallments before the end of this year rather than in early 1972). 2) Conversely, income which can be shifted from 1971 into 1972 will be will really help me taxed less, all things being equal. For instance, if you have a bonus coming, it may be advantageous to take it next year, not this; also, if you contemplate quit smoking? selling government savings bonds (whose interest is taxed as ordinary income) you would get a better tax break in 1972. Clinical tests have shown that an alkaloid called 3) Watch out for over-shifting. You could be a big winner one year and a Lobeline Sulfate is an effective smoking deterrent. sad loser the next. So figure your tax situation for several years—not just one. Lobeline works not by making smoking unpleasant, 4) Be especially sharp if you are about to retire at age 65. At that point but by acting as a substitute for the nicotine in your your exemptions increase, and your Social Security is tax free. system without being habit forming. It helps to re- move the craving and to reduce withdrawal symp- 5) If you plan to sell any securities with a sizable profit, consult your broker toms. or banker when to let go. Tax-wise. 1972 may be better than 1971.

Do I need a prescription to get Lobeline Sulfate? It's no secret that the airlines, following their buying spree of big new Not so fast. Lobeline Sulfate is highly efficient but planes, have a lot of excess passenger capacity (on intra-European flights it has a big drawback. Taken in sufficient quantities alone, about 20-million seats were empty in 1970). to be an effective substitute for nicotine, Lobeline You now can get ever more package bargains and "promotional" deals, both often upsets the stomach. This is one of the reasons domestically and internationally. Also, there's a good possibility that some doctors seldom prescribe it. fares to Europe, Africa and other spots will be slashed early next year. Doesn't that leave me where I started? Meantime, beware of gyp "charter organizers" who offer still bigger dis- No indeed. A number of years ago scientists at a counts. Sure, many chai'ter flights are legal. But the gyp generally buys up great American University determined to tackle the tickets on European charter carriers, then tries to sell them to you (at a profit, problem. They discovered that buffering Lobeline of course) providing join a phony "club" or ""affinitj' group." Often this is Sulfate with two special antacids virtually eliminat- you illegal: ed any likelihood of stomach upset. Also these buff- moreover, some of the passengers have been known to be stranded ers greatly increased the efficiency of the Lobeline. abi-oad because the charter "organizer" never gave them their return tickets. Your best bet is to do business with an established travel agent who charges Where can I get this buffered Lobeline Sulfate? you nothing—he gets a commission from hotels or carriers.

This new discovery was a great breakthrough in the smoking deterrent field. It was immediately patent- The drive to extend compulsory "no-fault" auto insurance is gaining mo- ed* and is now available under the name of Ban- mentum fast. Massachusetts already has such a law, Florida passed one that tron." No other smoking deterrent has such a patent. will become effective the first of next year, there's a national bill up in Con- Bantran is a little white tablet, pleasant and easy gress, and other states are thinking about some action. to take. Many doctors recommend it to their patients The object of "no fault" insurance is to eliminate much of the vast court and you can get it at any drug store without a prescription. clutter that results from bodily injury cases, where the blame has to be fixed on somebody. By contrast, under "no fault" motorists in effect buy "first-party What about all those lozenges and chewing gums advertised as deterrents? coverage"—that is, they insure their own selves. So whenever somebody gets hurt, he doesn't run to court—he collects from his own insurance company. If they contain Lobelme Sulfate at all, they cannot fault" doesn't stop court actions, the ex- give you the efficiency of Bantron. Bantron is the While "no completely red tape and only major smoking deterrent based on buttered Lo- perience in Massachusetts shows that the number and size of bodily claims has beline Sulfate. Because of this Bantron can safely dropped appreciably—which, hopefully, will bring premium reductions. give you fourtimesasmuch Lobeline in a single dose as any other deterrent in the drug store. If you are an amateur movie maker, but find that filming is cumbersome in- How do I know Bantron will work for ME? doors because you need a lighting setup, take a look at Eastman's new XL Before Bantron was put on the market it was thor- cameras (the "XL" means existing light). oughly researched. It was tested on hundreds of When a special Ektachrome 160 film is used in these jobs, they will shoot people who wanted to quit smoking. In these clini- about 24 times faster than previous Kodak Super 8 models, making special in- cal tests 83%, more than 4 out of 5, quit easily and pleasantly with the help of Bantron in only 5 to 7 door lighting unnecessary. List price of the newcomers: $119.50 and $199.50. days. Figure for yourself the odds in your favor. Looks like Bantron could be a good bet. By Edgar A. Grunwald ^U.S. Pat. No. 2705695

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 THIS DIAGEM IS NOT A DIAMOND! But You Can't Tell The Difference!

Imagine paying under $1 25 for a perfect

two-carat ring . . . under $1 25 for

fabulous one-carat earrings . . . $60 for

CI full carat tie-tac!

Impossible?

Since diamond prices are so closely controlled by the international cartels, of course that likelihood is extremely remote, but now thanks to an incredible space-age breakthrough, you can_^o practically the same thing! calamity it might otherwise be. 3. Only an Now, for a fraction of what you would pay expert can tell them from the real thing for Don't for a genuine diamond, you can purchase a sure. Compare man-made jewel so perfect only an expert these Diagems with zircons, white If you are wondering what kind of a gift to saphires, paste or any of the "synthe- can tell it from the real thing for sure. get for that special occasion . . . why not a tic diamonds" you may have seen or Imagine! Magnificent man-made Diagems Diagem? If you have an anniversary coming heard or read about. Diagems are different! The product of years of re- so perfect that only experts can tell them up, what better way to go all out than with search and development, they are vir- beautiful that a gift like this? If you're about to purchase apart positively ... So many tually identical to and indistinguishable an engagement ring, more sense jewelers — and even pawnbrokers — are how much from genuine diamonds in appearance invest fooled! So flawless that few genuine dia- to in a Diagem! You get a bigger . . . Same basic cubic molecular struc- (and since are judged size), ture, same light refractive index monds can match their perfection . . . and diamonds by a (2.4), same clarity brilliance. for less than one twentieth the cost! far more lovely and impressive ring for a and fraction of what you would expect to pay, These magnificent jewels are called Dia- and the huge savings can go towards furn- gems. They are identical to diamonds in ishing the house or towards that new car. PAWNBROKERS BEWARE apf>earance. (TWO TRUE STORIES) Or, if you are simply trying to impress or When Diagems were first introduced, win over a friend, what better way than this? a man we know approached a pawn- If diamonds are girl's best friend, THE ONLY DIFFERENCE a so are broker with a one carat Diagem ring. Diagems because she can't tell them apart! The broker examined it through his Genuine diamonds are produced under tre- glass and said, "$750". Look again, smiled friend expecting the mendous heat and pressure. So are Dia- our No matter what kind of gift, no matter pawnbroker to recognize his error. cubic mole- gems! Genuine diamonds have a what the occasion, certainly Diagems make "O.K., 800," he replied, "but no cular structure. So do Diagems! Genuine good sense, and if you have any doubts, you higher." fire brilliance mea- diamonds have a and can actually see for yourself without risk. the refractory scale as 2.4. So do sured by We are so confident you will be impressed The prospective mother-in-law was Diagems! Genuine diamonds are cut by ex- with Diagems once you actually examine unimpressed by her daughters choice pert diamond cutters. So are Diagems! of a beau. When the young couple one, that we make this showed her the magnificent engage- What is the difference then? Simply this . . . ment ring, Momma softened a bit. A diamond, which is the hardest substance After all, anyone who could afford an FREE EXAMINATION OFFER $1,800 ring couldn't be all bad. The in the world, is harder than a Diagem. This actual cost of that ring? Less than is the basic difference between a genuine Diagems are available only in a few smart $80, but to this day Momma hasn't diamond and a Diagem. outlets in several of our larger cities and the slightest inkling! nowhere else. Now, for the first time, they Diagems simply cannot be told from real diamonds positively except by an wears a can't are being offered by mail! Even the woman who Diagem expert jeweler! tell the difference. Diagems pass for real dia- We are a highly reputable and well-financed monds in looks anywhere, in the most knowledgeable and most sophisticated company! organization. You may deal with us with complete confidence. No one will ever know MONEY-BACK you are our customer. If Diagems sound in- 100 years ago, 50 years ago, even 20 years triguing to you, simply indicate your choice GUARANTEE ago, there was no substitute for diamonds. below. When your Diagem arrives, look it When your Diagem arrives, There were paste, zircons, and a few labora- over for 10 full days at our risk. Have it examine it for 10 days at our tory-made stones of uncertain quality, but examined by whomever you like. If, at the risk. If you aren't convinced nothing that could actually pass in appear- end of that time, you are not completely it is everything we claim, indistinguishable from genu- ance as a genuine diamond. Diagem, the satisfied in every way, return for an im- a ine diamond in appearance, magnificent jewel can't be mediate refund, no questions asked! Your most man-made don't keep it. Simply return told from a diamond and knowledgeable friends must be convinced you are wearing for full and immediate refund, people everywhere are taking advantage of a magnificent genuine diamond, or you pay no questions asked! that fact! nothing! © 1970

Those magnificent diamond earrings your DIAGEM CO., Main Office/ Showroom, 294 Hempstead Ave., Malverne, N.Y. 11565, Dept. AL-11

friend's wife was wearing the other day may Handsome FREE presentation use with each Item. I enclose $ check or money

actually have been Diagems! The beautiful Please rush the Diagem(s) I have indicated be- order. You pay postage and insurance, low by insured mail with the understanding? that ring your best friend was wearing may have n Send C.O.D. I enclose $10 for goodwill and I may examine them for 10 days without obliga- been a Diagem as well! More people—espec- will pay Postman balance plus C.O.D., handling tion. If, at the end of that time I am not com- charges. ially among the wealthy—are wearing Dia- pletely satisfied, I will return for a full and and insurance immediate refund, no o.uestions asked. gems than you would begin to suspect, but INCLUDE APPROPRIATE SALES TAX. One-Carat perfect Diagem S40 they're not telling, and do, there unless they S Two-Carat perfect Diagem S75 is way could possibly know. no you n Three-Carat perfect Diagem . $110 NAME Available up to 50 Cts @ $35 per Carat. Any of set in following: the above the ADDRESS- WHY NOT YOU? Lady's Tiffany white or yellow 14 K gold rinf; without baguettes, add only $30 Unless you are buying purely for invest- Lady's Tiffany white or yellow 14 K gold CITY- -STATE- -ZIP- ring WITH baguettes, only ment, Diagems make perfect sense because: add $40 Man's handsome white or yellow 14 K gold NYC Showroom: 227 East 45 St., N.Y.C. 10017 1. They cost only a fraction of what dia- ring, add only $60 Circle ring size: 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 monds cost, yet they are just as beautiful Send me your FREE catalog. and often more so. 2. They pose no expen- Charge my Master Charge BankAmericard Diners Club American Express sive insurance problems. If one should be A/C 4t- "Signature_ lost, strayed or stolen, the event is not the

SPLIT RUN NORTHERN & SOUTHERN REGIONS THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 47 THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION Inside Cover See Back (Continued from page 12) MONEY BACK GUARANTEE as with private lenders and liuilders of nual state conventions, served on the homes for house-hungry WW2 veterans. National Convention Commission as Soon Geiger was the state Legion hous- Vice Chairman, and on the National Niresk Importers, Inc. Dept. PS-75 ing chairman and later served on the Commander's Advisory Committee un- 210 S. DesPlaines St., Chicago, III. 60606 national housing committee of the Le- der the last four Nat'l Commanders. It gion's Economic Commission. YES, was in 1969 that Illinois, at its conven- Meanwhile, they made him the Ad- tion, endorsed him for National Com- Please rush at once the fabulous collection jutant of the Cook County Council. As mander—and at Houston in 1971 the of 10 World Famous Fragrance perfumes for such, he was the unpaid executive secre- whole Legion approved the choice. only $4.95 each set—plus 50(; for postage, tary for nine districts which held handling and insurance—on full money- monthly meetings as the county council HCENTLY. this writer sat down with back guarantee. and guided dozens of local programs. The R' him and asked him why he'd given Adjutant manages all the paperwork, so much of himself to the Legion. For I enclose $ keeps the minutes, puts out the bulletins, years he had spent what added up to six Ship C.O.D. plus postage and C.0.0. fees. etc. Geiger was involved in the reorgani- to eight weeks a year working for the Le-

Name zation of the Chicago Poppy Day Associ- gion. Increasingly it was work that could ation, in which the coordinating veterans not be done at night, what with meetings Address organizations had gotten into a tangle. and travel all over the state, and to

City. When Geiger had helped clear that up Washington, Indianapolis and the na- to everyone's satisfaction, they ran him tional conventions. His family had grown _Zip Code. State up the ladder for state Commander. It's from a wife and one daughter when he Order 2 gift packages for $8.90 plus a two-year job. the first being spent as graduated from college to a wife and six Save 50c postage. (Save $1.50.)

Send . . . additional sets (n $4.45 Senior Vice Commander and member- children. MorB: plus 50c postage each. ship chairman. The second, automati- In 1955, he left Lundstrom Skubic (Illinois residents add 5*^ sales taxi & cally in Illinois, is Department Com- and opened his own architectural engi- Canadian orders filled same price. mander, which "requires continuous neering firm in Park Ridge, III. —John H. travel about the state." Geiger & Associates. For a while this al- He had his 35th birthday as Illinois lowed him to manage his own time more Commander, having been elected at freely. The firm did a great deal of BUY Springfield in 1959. municipal work on public buildings and U.S. SAVINGS BONDS facilities in Chicago and its suburbs. But IN 1961, they made him Alternate Na- when he became Senior Vice Coin- tional Executive Committeeman, and mander and then Commander of the Illi-

in 1963 he started a two-year term as the nois Legion it amounted to a "two-year National Executive Committeeman from leave of absence from my own firm." He FOR Illinois, the highest official office a state reduced his staff, and intended to turn Legion organization can offer one of the company into a smaller consulting SAFEKEEPING its workers. firm later. But he found it impossible to But there's an imofficial one. and just re-recruit the kind of staff he wanted, UALUABLES AT HOME as Geiger was finishing his term on the and in 1966. "after a bit of negotiating Nat'l Executive Committee it was left with United Air Lines," he closed his vacant by the death of Jim Ringley. Ev- business and has been with United ever eryone in the Illinois Legion had come since.

to Ringley with their Legion problems. "You ask me why I gave so much

By common consent and trust he was time to the Legion. I could say you have

also one of a handful who served as to be crazy, but the truth is it's been a

the nerve ends and sounding board for labor of love. I was just born to it, I

thrashing out national organizational think. I was so raised in veterans work

problems. and Legion work that I felt at home. I "When Jim Ringley died, there was enjoyed the people and the many satis- shock across the nation, and trauma in factions of getting the job done. And

our State," Geiger remembers. "There I knew, from childhood, the need for a lot of soul-searching in our de- the work the Legion pledged itself the fire-tested was has HERCULES HOME VAULT® partment to see who would take some to. In Illinois they know me for my responsibility for representing us in day- work there, but when I go into Iowa I "Built like a Business Safe" to-day national discussions, as Ringley enjoy the reputation of being my father's had done for us, and be our own nerve son." Now you can give stocks, bonds, wills, deeds and other valuables "safe-deposit box" protection at center in the Illinois Legion." John Geiger was born on June 19, home ... yet have them instantly available. 100% The past state commanders of Illinois 1925, in Council Bluffs, Iowa, the near- fire-resistive. Key combination lock. 17 models, or held a caucus, out of which they agreed est city to his parents' home town of Min- including several for wall or closet installation to on John Geiger to be the personification den. in Pottawattamie County in south- give theft protection, too. voice. Priced from only At better office equip- of their common Since 1965 they western Iowa. His grandfather was once $22.25 ment dealers everywhere. have been content with the choice. mayor of Minden and ran a hardware Check Yellow Pages under EASTERN ZONE While all of this was enough to keep and farm implement business there. His "Safes-Meilink." anyone more than busy, Geiger has for parents, Hugo and Martha (Thies) household inventory Write for 20-page years worked on Illinois Boys' Geiger later changed residences many FREE: folder and new HOME VAULT CATALOG. many State each year (the first Legion Boys' times, but always considered Minden MEILINK STEEL SAFE CO. State and one of the biggest). He has their home, and today John Geiger has worked on the organization of the an- {Continued on page 50) P.O. Box 2567 • Dep't AL-11 • Toledo, Ohio 43606

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 .

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 49 IRISH SONGS AND MUSIC THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION Paddy Noonan (Continued from page 48) "many aunts, uncles and cousins there." ments at and his Grand Irish Band and Singers — Winterset, Iowa, and then Hugo Geiger served in the 63rd Coast Belle Plaine, where son John was in high AN IDEAL CHRISTMAS GIFT Artillery in WWl, which was used as school when WW2 started. Then they field artillery in France. Coming home moved to Omaha, FOR LOVERS OF IRISH MUSIC where the senior Gei- he was a founder of the Minden Le- ger was a civilian ordnance instructor at gion Post 437. where he became so ac- the old Fort Cook Army Ordnance Cen- tive, expert and widely known in veter- ter in Nebraska, (now the Air Force that eventually left ans matters he Offet Field) , and wrote some of the elab- Grandfather Geiger's hardware business orate manuals that the Army issued with for state—and later federal —positions special vehicles in WW2. in veterans affairs. With all this moving, young John "I was brought up in the Legion." Geiger got his schooling in Des Moines, says John Geiger. "it was our whole Cresco. Winterset. Belle Plaine and household. My father was the first commander of the Minden Post, my mother the first Auxiliary president." More than that. In the Legion's early years, veterans' legislation in Washington was being bottled up in committee "by a 4 ALBUMS very senior Congressman from the 9th

Over 80 Selections District of Iowa." Hugo Geiger was one of a group in the 9th Congressional Dis- $9.98 trict who organized the Legion posts there Postage Prepaid into a 9th Legion District, wherein they Stereo (also plays mono) operated in unison to persuade their Con- Albums feature Paddy Noonan's Band and those popular gressman to quickly unpigeonhole the Irish artists: singers Charlie McGee & Noel Kingston; Irelands recording star Mike "Jessie" Owens and the bills. The 9th Legion District of [owa McNamara dancers and singers- (now the 7th) is generally credited with Partial list of songs: Galway Bay, Wild Rover, The Unicorn, Mick McGilligan's Ball, Danny Boy, Irish having been the first Legion district or- Rover, Molly Malone, Black Velvet Band, Jolly Plough- boy, Irish Soldier Boy, Moonshiner, Orange and Green, ganization in the nation. Iowa swiftly Mountain Dew, Patsy Pagan, Phil, The Fluters Ball, Stack of Barley, Mother Machree, Back To Donegal, formed 1 1 districts, and the other states Eileen O'Grady, How Can You Buy Killarney, Hanni- gans Hooley, Irish Soldier Laddie, Goodbye Johnny, formed equivalent teams of local posts, Johnson's Motor Car, If Your Irish and many, many more. Also a full selection of Jigs, Reels, Hornpipes, etc sometimes as districts, sometimes as

, counties, sometimes both. 'RISH MUSIC SALES The districts had other uses besides. Box 650L, Elmhurst, N Y. Zip 11373 Hugo Geiger was commander of the 9th "Our computer says right here that you I enclose $9.98 (check or money order) for each album set. Sorry, no CO D. orders. N Y.S, residents District in June 1925, when, at the time owe us $42.80 and our computers don't add local sales tax. make mistakes, of the birth of his son John, tornadoes Mr. SXUWWWK-9-4-XXX!"

Name ... devastated stretches of Pottawattamie THF. AX i.j:g]()n M\(;\ZIVI Address and Harrison counties. According to an

Iowa historical society publication. Omaha from the age of six to 1 7, while City State Zip | "Communication was cut off from the many a summer he revisited Minden. Prompt Shipment, Satisfaction Guaranteed | Track Cassettes, Tapes and other L.P 's Available . . . One of his early j devastated area. The American Le- memories was working gion, under the direction of Hugo Geiger with his grandfather's threshing crews

. . . was the first to make an organized near Minden, putting out fires in stubble Free Chair/Table effort at relief." Legion posts in seven caused by sparks from coal-fired steam Shipping counties, aided by the Red Cross and locomotives used to power giant thresh- CATALOG SSlFoinfs — • OFFICE & LOUNGE DALLAS mayors of nearby towns, had "the task ers in pre-tractor days. FURNITURE lOSTON ATLANTA of organizing the forces and carrying for- , Wherever the Geigers moved, they • BANQUET & MEETING CHICAGO FURNITURE ward the [relief] work." joined in the activities of the local Le- PITTSBUDGH TABLES • TENNIS LOS ANGELES gion Posts. John was in their Scouting • COAT/HAT RACKS FOUR MONTHS after the birth of the and Sons of the Legion organizations. He Adirondack 1971-72 Nat'l Commander, his fa- took the first three years of high school 276-0 Park Ave. So.; N.Y.C. 10010 ther was put forward by friends for the at Belle Plaine, played basketball, ran the office of state Legion Adjutant. He bowed half mile in track, and was variously cen- AUTHORS WANTED BY out at the October 1925 state convention ter, guard and tackle in football. He was in favor of R. J. (Skin) Laird, who held Belle Plaine football captain-elect his sen- NEW YORK PUBLISHER the post -for over four decades. ior year, but moved to Omaha. There Six years later, the family moved to he took a wartime accelerated pre-engi- Leading book publisher seeks manuscripts of all types; fiction, non-fiction, poetry, scholarly and Des Moines, when Hugo Geiger was ap- neering course in Omaha Technical High juvenile works, etc. New authors welcomed. For pointed administrator of the Iowa State School. He graduated in June 1943, with complete information, send for booklet AL-3. It's free. Vantage Press, 516 W. 34 St., New York. N.Y. WW I Bonus Board. A few years later work behind him that v/as equivalent to MIND the U.S. Forest Service hired him to ad- the first college year. YOUR OWN BUSINESS! minister Depression-time CCC camps at Geiger's military career in WW2 Cresco, Iowa, near the Minnesota bor- started off like a lot of others, with so It's easy! It's fun! It's profitable! der, some of which were camps for job- much shifting and changing of minds Just how profitable is shown by the fact that one piece of products worth raw material costing 800 will produce less veterans. Through the hard-time and plans that it's a wonder he ever got $30.00 at retail. Investigate this ground-floor opportunity by sending your name on a postcard today. 1930's Hugo Geiger was shifted, with into action. Absolutely no ohiipation. No salesman will call. Write: his family, to supervise other encamp- {Continued on page 52) WARNER, Dept. E-8-AM, 1512 Jarvis, Chicago, IL 60628 50 the; AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 ZAPiiieCdLb INVEST $27.9S (LITTLE ENOUGH!) inHabaml's PREVENTIVE and PROTECTIVE WINTER COAT Your "No Holds Barred" Secret Weapon against Cold Weather. Even cold weather buffs like skiers Everybody Knows It - and mountain climbers hate chill. But Nobody Does It! They like the air in their lungs, not up their back! But short of spending WARMTH WITHOUT WEIGHT $50 or $100 for deluxe professional Is the ETERNAL SECRET equipment, good protection is hard of TRUE WINTER COMFORT

to find. U.S. Army researchers "discovered" it. International mountain climbers "re- So Haband designed this coat for discovered" it. The Space Program GOOD LOOKS and MAXIMUM Scientists "discovered" it again. Yet it WARMTH, but at reasonable cost seems only Haband has the guts to put it on the market for you, the consumer. THREE LAYERS WARM! The trouble is, a coat that doesn't feel heavy to the touch might not strike you 1. Two-ply Nylon Oxford Outer Shell as "warm enough" in the store, on a hanger. So coatmakers cut corduroy or 2. Thick Pont "DACRON®" Du Melton, or blanket style plaids that sure polyester fiberfill. look warm, but really don't do the job. 3. Signal Red Layer of Nylon We Know You Won't Be Going Quilted Inside. Exploring in the Arctic this Weekend A pleasant Sunday Excursion can turn Chances are you leave the skiing to if cold sneaks up around into a bummer your crazy nephew. But if you want 3: 30 in the afternoon. You end up chilled a coat that will keep you warm to the marrow, cranky and damp, and probably miss a couple of days of work going to work, or walking Fido some with the flu next week. miserable night when he won't go That's why we say our price of 27.95, out without you, or sweeping snow complete, is a healthy sum even while off the path to the garbage shed, we say it's incredibly low for this HERE'S THE MOST SUITABLE kind of protection. GENERAL PURPOSE WINTER We can't make magical health claims for COAT OF A LIFETIME. Past that, any coat, but if protection from chill it's so basically good looking you means prevention of colds, here it is! could wear it to church or out on Remember what your mother always Saturday Night! For $27.95, you'll told you and DRESS WARM! You'll never be sorry. never get a better deal.

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 51 ., ! — —

THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION You'll Like Being a m -(Continued from page 50)- Whilc still in Omaha Tech, aptitude new armor. Piece by piece it was pulled SKILLED i tests showed that he'd make a fine Army back together, and sent to France. There, Air Corps meteorologist. He enlisted in the fall of 1944, its units got a sam- LOCKSMITH while still in school and went through all pling of warfare by investing the by- the paperwork of getting orders to me- passed port cities of France that the You'll EARN MORE, LIVE BETTER teorology school on graduating from Germans had stubbornly held on to than Ever Before in Your Life Omaha Tech—with the first stop to be Brest, St. Nazaire, etc. Earned Ymi'll oiijMV vi.iir wmk ;is ii I. i-UMiiilh SI 50 at Fort Leavenworth, Kan. In December, Hitler launched his Ar- bci ausc it is tiiiilr tiiM iiiat i ii;; lliali :i During iKiljliy— ami liiKlily iiai.1 lnsi.k's! Ydu'll Came the 1943 July day when, just dennes offensive and drove a huge wedge t'd vn clliuyill},' tlu' faMiliatiliK wtirk. Training year afu-r jrar. i?i j^oiul timos or lia.i I realized with turned 18, he was to report. He got all (the Bulge) deep in the Allied lines in in'caiisc you'll hv tlio man iti deiiianii LOCKSMITII- in nn ovortirounig licld oll'orin;; hi'^ pay 1N(; I'd be able his shots and "the next thing I knew I Belgium. The forces on the scene held jobs, biff j)rotiI>; as your own boss. Wiiat to double my In- more could you ask train at come. Durlns was on a and ended up Camp desperately and ringed the Bulge with Train at Home— Earn Extra $$$$ my training per- basic Right Away ! Roberts, Calif., in the field artillery divisions for a counterattack. The 1 1th All this can bo yours FAST roKanlloss iod I made .5 150. of aKC, education, minor i>b>sical Iiand- I'aul Finns training center." Armored made a forced march across icaps. Job enjoyment and oarniiigs t)e- Xi w York, X. Y. gin AT ONOK as you (juickly. easily Time passed, basic training was over, France, pulled up on the Meuse at the learn to CASH IX on all kinds of loi k- sinitliing jobs. All keys, locks, parts, and "meteorologist" Geiger was the chief picks, special tools and equipnient cnmc wilh the course at no extra charge. of a section with a 105 howitzer and Licensed experts guide you to success. a gun crew. Their battery was unat- Illustrated Book. Sample Lesson Pages FREE tached during maneuvers, and what hap- Locksniithing Institute graduates iio\v earning, enjoying life more everywhere. pened to it later he doesn't know. Some- You can. too. Coupon brings exciting facts from only srliool of its kind Lie. body had looked at his record, and he by K. J. Stale De pt. of Ed., Accredited ifember, Xall. Home Study Council. was pulled out and sent to an Army Approved for Veteran TrainiiiK. LOCKSMITHING INSTITUTE Specialized Training Program school at Oiv. Technical Home Study Schools the University of Oregon at Eugene, Dept. 1221-111 Little Falls, N.J. 07424 Ore. There he spent the winter and early LOCKSMITHING INSTITUTE, Dept. 1221-111 spring of 1943-44 in a crash engineering Little Falls, New Jersey 07424 Est. 1948 program. I'li asc send FIIEE ilhistrated Book—"Your Big Op- portunities in Locksndthing," complete Equipment folder and sample lesson pages—^FltEE of all obligation— (no salesman will call). ABOUT THIS TIME the 11th Armorcd Division had shaken itself out in Name . . (Please Trint) California's Mojave desert. They pulled Adilress the specially trained men out of ASTP City .mate Zip —including John Geiger—and plugged Check here if Eligible for 'Veteran Training; n the holes in the 11th Armored with them. As Geiger says. "We had the low- est seniority in the division, and kept i^' NO NEED TO WEAR He was a private and didn't make PFC until hospitalized after the Battle of the Bulge, while his first three army careers

"Hit somebody . . . that stuff's expensive!" A TRUSS as meteorologist, artilleryman and engineer had come and gone in ten months. THE AMERH AN LEGION MAGAZINE RUPTURE The 1 1th Armored was headed for the FOR invasion of the Philippines in late sum- point of the Bulge, and got in just in That Binds, Cuts, Gouges, mer of 1944. At Camp Cook. Calif., it time for the counterattack. Slips and Does Not Hold worked away at beachead-type maneu- That was as brutal as the original Nazi IC you must wear a Truss for Rupture, don't miss this. A Post Card, with name and address, vers coordinated with Marine air cover, offensive. The 1 1th joined Patton's Third will get you FREE, and without obligation, tlie forever assembling tanks on a shore and Army. In bitter winter weather they coinplete, modernized Rice Plan of Reducible Rupture Control. Now in daily use by thousands rushing inland. In July they packed up, drove against the resisting foe. Geiger, a who sa.v tliey never dreamed possible such se- with all their tropical gear, and moved private with Co. C, 42nd Tank Battalion, cure, dependable and comfortable rupture pro- N.J., and then 1 1 th Division, in the tection. Safely blocks inpture opening, prevents out—to Camp Kilmer, Armored was escape, without need for bulky, cumbersome in convoy to France. (What could be thick of it, usually as a tank gunner, Trusses, tormenting springs or harsh, gouging more natural than for a Philippines- sometimes operating a tank bulldozer. pad pressure. Regardless of how long ruptured, size, occupation, or trusses you have worn, bound unit to go to France, or for a He escaped shot and shell, but concus- and send your Post Card today to TRY THIS, France-bound unit to go to England?) sions ruptured an eardrum. He received W. S. Rice. Inc., Adams, N.Y. Dept. 8V. En route, only the advance elements fairly serious facial phosphorous smoke went to France (to Cherbourg, recently burns, and then suffered frozen hands and MAKE THE LAW secured after the Normandy invasions). feet. By Jan. 10. 1945, his frozen mem- "SERVE" YOU The rest, along with their shipmates bers had him disabled, and he was pulled Knowing the law can be the difference be- the 17th Airborne—got sidetracked to back to the 49th Station Hospital in Eng- tween success and failure in business. The division disem- (having at Blackstone School of Law offers a program Liverpool, England. The land. By the time he was out of reading assignments planned to famil- barked in England without its equipment, last made Private First Class) he caught iarize adults with the law.

all to Cherbourg. At 1 1th as it entering Ger- NOT A CORRESPONDENCE COURSE of which had gone up with the was No Formal Educational Credits Are Required this time. Patton's Third Army was wear- many near the war's end, and with it Schedule Your Program to Suit Your Needs ing out its gear rapidly in its exploits in drove down into Austria. He continued Write for FREE BOOKLET, "The People vs. You." Gives complete information on the France, and was happy to appropriate the on occupation duty in Austria (finally program. new stuff that had arrived in Cherbourg. making T5, which translates as a cor- NO SALESMAN WILL CALL The 11th Armored was scattered in poral) until March 1946. when he came BLACKSTONE SCHOOL OF LAW Dept. 94 hamlets across the midlands of England home and was discharged at Camp Mc- 307 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60601

for a brief vacation until it could get ( Continued on page 54)

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 . -

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I HE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 5; — —

THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION I'M NOT DEAF! (Continued from page 52) Coy, Wis., three months short of his 21st mental health care when he was state L'lKlcr normal conditions I hear well birthday, still 20% disabled from his Legion Commander. enough. But sometimes my ultra-mini- ature nAHiRKRi, Miraci.f-Ear* hear- burns and frostbite. He has also found time to serve for ing aid is a blessing. I iust put it in my His father had been made one of a eight years as the chairman of the Plan ear and 1 hear more clearly.

It is so natural three-man staff in Chicago's new VA Re- Commission of the rapidly growing city sounding — noth- gional office, busy helping WW2 vets of Des Plaines. ing abo\e m> ear or below my ear. under their new GI Bill of Rights. John One of his major concerns for the Nothing behind or Geiger planned to be a civil engineer, but Legion is to accelerate the action that in front of my ear. No lubes, nor his father pointed out that the Univer- implements its policies. He italicizes ac- w ires. No scratchy tion, sounds. sity of Illinois had a unique course in and was always a doer himself. He

It IS especially architectural engineering. would like to see every post increase for designed He went down to the Champaign- what it does in support of basic pro- those who hear - of grams, and see more but do not a I Urbana campus, talked to the Dean members producing ways understand the College of Architecture, and en- results in one program or another. What — a classic symptom of nerve impairment. If diagnosis shows you have this rolled in the fall of 1946 under Public has always inspired him, he says, is the t\pe of loss, this modern hearing aid Law 16's educational provision for dis- may gi\e you the extra ""lift" you need to li\e a full and active life. abled veterans. The Dean liked him so Rush this couponi Discover how you much he sent him to his own architec- may be able to hear again in both ears tural fraternity. Alpha Rho Chi. without using hearing aids that have cords or tubes. No Obligation On campus, Geiger met fellow student Whatever. Ask your doctor about Vivienne DeBaets. of Chicago. In his Dahlberg Hearing Aids. sophomore year they were married. Their first daughter, Ellen, was born on © 1970 DAHLBERG ELECTRONICS, INC. campus. She is now Mrs. Michael Ros- borough. the teacher-trained wife of MIRACLE-EAR { P.O. Box 549, Dept. AL-111 I an Illinois law student and the mother Minneapolis, Minn. 55440 | of the Geigers' grandson, Christopher

Please tell me how I may be able to { Rosborough. hear again in both ears without using hearing aids that have cords or tubes. OVER THE YEARS, the Geigcrs had three daughters then two ADDRESS. more and sons. Today they range in ages from 23 CITY _STATE_ .ZIP_ to 13, and in order are Ellen (Ros- borough), Vivienne. Lois, Laura, Carl WHITE'S is #1 CHOICE and Jack. "We have six fine children," with over 25 models of Mctol Detectors to select says Geiger, and anyone who saw the from' Detects GOLD—SILVER —COPPER NUGGETS—COINS— RINGS photos of all the family except Ellen on JEWELRY, etc. page 42 of this magazine last month GUARANTEED!' "I'm not growing It because a lot of other ^^^^L would have to agree. r ^^rom 99.50 up people are growing them. I grew It to strain ^^^^^ Geiger's 1943-44 crash engineering the polluted water." training at both Omaha Tech and in the ASTP put him in good stead while he THE AMEIill I.EGIOX M.\i;A'/A\K FREE LITERATURE was a student in the School of Archi- WHITE'S ELECTRONICS, INC. tecture. The University used him at the thousands of Legionnaires who show a 1011 Pleasant Valley Rd..Rm. 502. Sweet Home, Ore. 97386 same time as a part-time instructor in tremendous instinct for service. its Engineering School. He graduated in '"You have to appreciate the great en- 1950. that's where we picked him thusiasm these people bring to their pro- WORRIES ENDED WHEN and HOME or AWAY DUE TO up at the start of this tale. grams," he says, "the effort they put SUMP PUMP or The Commander's father died in 1959 forth and the tremendous numbers of POWER FAILURE when his son was the Illinois Legion people that are involved across the na- Heart, Work and Money Saver Cominander. His mother, now 77, re- tion in these things—and it makes you Write ... .WD ELECTRIC sides in Omaha. very, very proud of the Legion button." WOOD DALE, ILL. 60191 Geiger's work with United Air Lines But. for all that, he sees a greater

is in the administration, planning, con- potential among 2.7 million members SPARE vTIME/ CASH! tracting, budgeting and overseeing of and 16,000-plus posts. He'd like to find

1^^ the construction of the line's ground fa- a way to realize more of it. He wants to Stll now lifelimn, Goldsn Metal Social Security Plate* in »pare lime lor cilities and offices. see the Legion give maximum service to BIG FKOFITS. Millioni waiting to buy. No inveitmeni or obligotion wholioever. He is a registered Architect and a reg- Vietnam veterans in their readjustment. SEND FOR FREE SAMPLE AND Remembering how Jim Ringley COMPLETE SALES KIT NOW.' istered Structural Engineer in the state of and RUSSELL PRODUCTS CO Illinois. He is a member of the Society of others in Chicago trained and pushed P.O.BOX 286 PULASKI, TENN 33'478 AL-25 American Registered Architects, of the him into leadership when he was 25, he'd Construction Specification Institute, and like to see every Legion post do the same HELP WANTED Make $30 an evening Illinois Council on with its local Vietnam veterans take TO FILL OUT or day at home - or work of the State Advisory — INCOME TAX for tax office ! Be ready Mental Health Construction. In the latter them in and get them educated and in- to make BIG money in tax RETURNS season. We show you he is serving his third three-year term volved in the Legion's work which, only I how, with simple home a Governor's appointment that sprang when translated into action, is Ameri- tax training. If you can do simple figuring, •follow simple instructions, send now for FREE from his role in getting the veterans or- ca's work from the grass roots up. hv mail. FEDERATED TAX TRAINING, details issue for Dept. 1411, 2021 Montrose, Chicago, 60618 ganizations behind a state bond THE END

54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 — —— A — — — — .

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 55 — — ,

^ A NEW LOOK AT MARIJUANA NEED HELP (Continued from page 18) half of South Vietnam. When he went was harmful, now he sees damage from GETTING UP? there, he felt that marijuana was no it. He sees "potheads" showing the same serious matter: "I would have talked a effects as those on LSD. This ties in with completely different ball game than now what Dr. Kaplan found in Vietnam — it was an innocuous drug and if peo- that strong doses of the intoxicant pro- ple wanted to try it, let them. But J duced LSD-like effects. couldn't ignore the facts that were hit- One effect of smoking marijuana has ting me in the face—and when I came been described on a worldwide basis as back here I found the same thing. It's an "amotivational syndrome."

rough to predict, but I would say that In its ultimate form, NIMH describes one out of ten who try marijuana go on this as a "loss of interest in virtually all to become dependent on it." activities other than drug use—lethargy, Dr. Kaplan recalls how soldiers in social deterioration and drug preoccupa- Vietnam who were "really into smok- tion that might be compared to that of ing" would talk of "how well they func- the skid row alcoholic's preoccupation

tioned." But it was "a different story with drinking." when their buddies told us how they started messing up when going out on patrols." Touch a button and the Cushion- With a far more powerful marijuana Lift* seat raises you to a height available in Vietnam, Kaplan saw "toxic and angle from which you can PEDIATRICS psychosis" (insanity) resulting from the easily stand up. It takes the strug- drug and leading to "violent crimes such gle out of getting up. Gently lowers as murder, rape and attempted robbery." you to a sitting position. He saw the results of long periods of ORTHO-KINETICS, INC. — I heavy use day in and day out "the I P.O. Box 436 Waukesha. Wisconsin 53186 I Please provide more information on your person's character changing, function- power chair and a way for new independence ing deteriorating, and in general I becom- in life. I ing messed up." Then he returned to Name j the United States to see the same sort of I Address thing here. Further, he believes he did City Slate I see typical dependency developing, and I^ZIp Code Telephone Nc withdrawal symptoms similar to those with heroin but not as severe. Here we have the worst of the old myths coming true—in special circumstances of heavy use of a potent strain of hemp. The problem of dependency (addiction) is one of the findings that has the "Say something cute. He's collecting ma- experts worried. Dr. Ronald R. Jasinski. terial for a book." I W.\S DEPRESSED I'd ln.%t airain. This gu.v joked tliac with S20 stakes lie'd made $1516 proiit, also $874 and $1082 otlicr days. Then 1 fountl out he wasn't .iukin.t?. ho chief of clinical pharmacology of had PENCLIFF Wfjrid'.s top lace coniputev. NIMH's Addiction Research Center at Tin-; .\\iJ';itic-A\ i.j-:gh>\ ma(;.\/i.m- SEN.SATIONAIj spac atre—scientific, yet so easy to operate, wonderful P< leliir on .sale since inii.5, lias a mas- Lexington, Ky., is another who has tor director anci i; in- (lictors. You siinplv EEIOD IN previ. ous form, weij^lus, * c. I'AKULOU.S results U.S.A., Can- found withdrawal increasing of scientific U.K. supply l-'ACr.S — over -l.Oon symptoms following These numbers U.S.A. CHECK.VBLE bii; win PEN( LIEF predictions. I!I(: .'S2 payoff's incl. .'S6ti, !H70, iSSi, SOO. S'Jti, ^1104, etc.. abrupt cessation of smoking marijuana. reports on the damaging effects ofi and BIG track wins 82 stakes on all predictions in all races incl. S113. SI18, !5121, SlIM, .'5141, .5151, etc.: His institution has shown that toxic marijuana have turned around the think- (LEAR pilOFIT ON THE DAY. Money refund guarantee. Learn how an accident on the inventor's .vaclit, his 2r, is experts in the field. ^oars racing experience, .-lid of 12 other experts, and a psychosis from the drug caused by ing of many other grianr I.B.M. Computer, all led to the invention of amazing PENCLIFF. R.H.I'. Co., Bo.x 571.-, P.\MM, Camiel, Calif. the amount used and can be produced Their earlier view that the drug is harm- !):I921. Tear out this ad NOW .ind mail with naiuu, ad- dr and ; in anyone if enough drug is given. less and that it's up to the individual to

Researchers are now seriously con- use it or not as he chooses has switched ^ DETECTIVE TRAINING cerned about the effect of prolonged us- to one that it is a distinct danger, and Eoiy home study course preparej men 1 age, and this will take years to learn particularly so to adolescents. and women for the exciting 1 and reword* 1 ing inveitigotion profesjion. SEND NOW 1 when it may be too late for many users. As Dr. Solomon H. Snyder, professor FOR FREE DETAILS about course, lapel 1 As Reese Jones points out: "There's of psychiatry and pharmacology at Johns pin ond diploma. No salesman will coll, 1

, G.I. Approved for veterans troininq. | no super-duper scientific way of getting Hopkins School of Medicine, put it to UNIVERSAL DETECTIVES I^^Z. this data fast. Most people have to use me: "Adolescents are more particularly |Depl. AL , Sox 8180, Unlvena! City, Calif. 91«08| alcohol about ten years before the al- susceptible to any intoxicant and it's cohol addict turns up in the clinics." It best they not be allowed to have them

may take longer in the case of marijuana, v/hich is why it's illegal in most places

since much of the current pot is weak for those under 18 or 21 to buy alcohol. Jr;,in quickly in 8 short weeks at Toledo it the drug. r«ir ;i liright future with security in vital (although may not remain so) and There are potential dangers to meat busine-ss. BiK pay, full-time job.s ." — HAVE A PKOFITABLE MARKKT OF most users smoke only a few marijuana There probably is a dependence. . . "i OUK OWN! Time pajment plan avaii- ;ii>lc. Diploma given. Job help. Thou- cigarettes a week. Dr. Stanley Yolles explained this to .s.iiids of succes.siul graduates. OUR 48th Vi;\U! Send now for big new illustrnted al- deiail: is I ki:J' l.ilog. No obliteration, G.I- Appi-ovcd. Another expert who has recently me in greater "Marijuana a NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING 1>.-I,l. \-lK. 'lolclo. Ohio .l.'JOfl-l tered his thinking is Dr. D. Harvey buffer between the individual and reality. Powelson, chief psychiatrist at the Uni- In the personality-forming years of WHEN ANSWERING ADS— . versity of Californi'i's Cowell Hospital. adolescence this becomes very important GIVE YOUR ZIP CODE Five years ago he didn't think the drug {Continued on page 58)

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 .

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 57 — —

A NEW LOOK AT MARIJUANA WHO ELSE (Continued from page 56) because the personality is really shaped Right now, any such evidence seems far WANTS TO by the interaction with the environment. in the future. Anything which dulls that interaction is Dr. Yolles summed up his opinion in BEAT THE a very serious problem." Moreover, he a way that held true for the many ex- finds that the person who starts to use perts whom I interviewed: "As we find HORSES? the drug daily will escalate almost im- more and more about the effects of the en- I'll send you free information in a plain and scientists are velope about the same method used by "pros" mediately to more than once a day dmg, taking a dimmer view and "insiders" who regularly taKe their place become a chronic user. of the unrestricted use of it . . . even the at race track payoff windows. We call it Bet- 0-Meter. And it's so good that a doctor friend Dr. Yolles went on: "For some peo- most liberal people." of ours from San Diego informs us that he won St7 000 in two weel(S, using Bet-O-Meter at the ple the effects may be very major and But the most complete overview of Calienle track, for Trotters and Thorobreds. BET-O-METER my position is that until we know more the problem of marijuana usage came INFORMATION IS FREE we cannot make a rational decision as from Dr. Sidney Cohen. He sees our

Sportswriter Santaniello writes "... I came out to what to do about marijuana." Dr. present knowledge of marijuana "like a a winner at ail tracks—thoroughbred, harness and

even dog races . , " Bet-O-Meter points up only Sidney Cohen. University of California mosaic with little bits of information "live" and "hot" horses— but that's only part of the success story. Why not find out for yourself? professor of psychiatry, and former di- falling into place. The old myths that Write today— Full information is free! rector of NIMH's Division of Narcotic marijuana surely drives you crazy, A. ILLICH G. Addiction and Drug Abuse, is concerned makes you a sex maniac, leads to a life 697 East 219 St. (Dept. 11) Bronx, N.Y. 10467 that those who change under the influ- of crime seem totally irrelevant. On the

ence of the drug "don't realize it them- other hand the new myths, just as irra- selves. It's only when they stop that they tional but provided by the pro-marijuana

say 'Oh yes. I was befuddled for months.' group of users, will probably fall apart

Then you get the story and this is what too in the same light of scientific scru-

concerns a lot of the investigators." tiny. . . . But the pervasive notion that As to the beneficial use of cannabis you hear on the street that marijuana is FOR PERMANENlX— ." no one has yet proven any medical con- harmless this is just not so. . .

FUND RAISING 4 dition in which its administration is of This then is the new look that medical Eosy way to raise money for your Organizolion value, while investigators are almost uni- scientists are now taking at this old because everyone has fun playing BINGO! Thousands of Organizations are making up to formly doubtful whether there is any. intoxicant drug. The investigators are week KING" supplies $500.00 per using'BINGO However, the study of marijuana may running scared, while they are only just fe- and FREE Idea Bulletins. Write for FREE sample ^F- cord and details on raising money for your Or- spark development of synthetic drugs scratching the surface of what marijuana ganization. which will yet prove of value medically. really does to man. the end. PLEASE GIVE NAME OF ORGANIZATION.

DEPT. 726 BOX 1178, ENGLEWOOD, COLO. 80110 THE STORY OF LAFITTE THE PIRATE (Continued from page 25) Christmas Gift Idea The lawyers Grymes and Livingston The general made haste to confer Looking for that special Christmas met secretly with the two Lafittes, and with a group in Governor Claiborne's gift? If you like what you read in The promised to work at getting Dominique offices. Commodore Patterson was there. American Legion Magazine, make it Baratarians released. They Livingston available to others. Your post can do- and the other So were and Grymes, who stub- nate nonmember gift subscriptions to thought Claiborne was ungrateful, well knew that the British would already local libraries, high schools, clinics, born and foolish. They told the Lafittes have taken New Orleans via Barataria hospitals, public waiting rooms, serv- that Andrew Jackson was on his way had not the Lafittes stood in their way. ice organizations, etc., for 12 months to New Orleans and they believed he The lawyers became important members subscription. For at only $1.00 per would yet accept the Baratarians. The of Jackson's New Orleans staff because your personal gift subscriptions to Lafittes kept their hopes up as long they were fluent in both English and friends, relatives and others, the cost weeks in hiding passed. French. Neither the aeneral nor any is just $2.00 per year. On December 2. General Jackson and member of his regular staff spoke At Christmas time, anytime, it's a his oflicers arrived in not the valuable, lasting gift at very low cost. a few of New French, and in the city even For each nonmember gift subscrip- Orleans on horseback. A small force mayor spoke English. tion donated by posts, send $1.00 tO: of frontiersmen followed. Jackson was From the first conference. Grymes The American Legion Magazine, Cir- gaunt and ragged from recent illness and Livingston kept after Jackson to at culation Dep't, P.O. Box 1954, and trials— yet his eyes were bright and least talk to Jean Lafitte. Jackson finally, Indianapolis, Ind., 45206. For gift he somehow exuded strength and cour- reluctantly, agreed. It was evident to subscriptions from individual Legion- age. His presence brought more hope him that the armed strength of the city naires, send $2.00. Write Circulation to the 20,000 people than Jackson felt —even when built up to over 1,000 by Director at above address for all other information. inwardly. fresh militia on the way from Tennessee, Kentucky and the Mississippi Territory —could hardly hold oft' the expected FIND BURIED TREASURE British invasion force of at least 12,000 men. To add to a bad situation, Jackson Find buried gold, silver, coins, treasures with powerful new electronic detector. Most powerful made. Ultra sensitive. was desperately short of guns and am- Penetrates deep in to earth. Works through mud, beach munition. sand, rock, wood, etc. Signals The first meeting between Jackson and when object is detected. Lafitte probably took place in a secret chamber on the second floor of the Old Write for Free Catalog, treasure hunting tips and 5 POWERFUL Absinthe House on Bourbon Street in unusual souvenir coin. MODELS New Orleans. RELCO Dept. D-199 Box 10839, Houston, Tex. 77018 The two liked each other on sight!

58 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 Lafitte immediately offered Jackson On December 23, General Jackson Buy Quality Tables DIRECT From Our Factorjj and the weaponry he had hidden inside and his forces raided the British, killed Barataria— cannon, great numbers of 400 and took many prisoners—with a muskets and pistols, and ammunition. loss of only 24 men. At this same time, SAVE MONEY! Jackson confided that his army was Jean Lafitte at The Temple, leading a You pay no salesman's commission or dealer's without flints, which made his guns company of Baratarians, annihilated a mark up, so naturally you useless. Lafitte offered him 7,500 flints contingent of Britishers pushing north- can buy quality tables, chairs and other equip- at The Temple. Jackson accepted with ward. On Jan. 8, 1815, at Chalmette— ment for less DIRECT iB FROM MONROE! Mail gratitude and relief. He also gladly ac- just outside the city—the two forces met « coupon today for Mon- 'Kt cepted the services of all the Baratarians, head on. In a bloody battle against great roe's new full line the thousand or so Jean had in hiding odds, the defenders nearly demolished catalog. / / and the 80, including Dominique, who the British land forces. That night Jack- 169 were in the Cabildo but whsywould soon, son told his aides he'd "storm the gates Please mail me your current catalog. of Hell" if Captain Dominique were his NAME_ lieutenant. A few days later, the British ORGANIZATION_ collected their survivors and sailed away. ADDRESS CITY On January 23, Jackson returned to the THE MONROE TABLE CO. city a hero. In the parade that followed, 169 Church St., Colfax, IowaJ0054 |_ _ j Jean and Pierre Lafitte rode just behind the general. Dominique You and HYDRAULIC JACK REPAIRS Beluche rolled their cannon through the Earn While You Learn In Your Spare Time Trained and qualified mechanics needed NOW to service streets, and Baratarians paraded with inoperative hydraulic jacks. BIG opportunity for ambitious men. We show you HOW - in your basement or garage to Tennesseans, Kentuckians and the rest. earn spare time cash in an expanding industry. Don't wait, ACT NOW! Get the facts. That night New Orleans held a Victory Write for folder No. A-11 and free bonus offer. Ball, with the governor, the general, Hydraulic Jack Repair Manual Co., Inc. the Lafittes and other privateers, military G.P.O. BOX 3 • STATEN ISLAND, N. Y. 10314 officers and the lawyers in attendance. Jackson told the Secretary of War that: "The brothers Lafitte exhibited FLUSHES UP great courage and fidelity. . . . Captains to sewer or septic tank Dominique and Beluche, lately com- no digging up floors. manding privateers at Barataria, with WRITE , . . McPHERSON, INC, part of their former crews, were sta- BOX 15133 TAMPA, FLA. 33614 tioned at Batteries Nos. 3 and 4. I give "By George, Margaret, they may be just warm approbation of the manner in what this weary old world needs!" which all these gentlemen have uni- REACH OUT THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE formly conducted themselves while un- AMERICA'S FUTURE der my command, and of the gallantry the general promised, be released. Then SIN YOUR HANDS with which they have redeemed the the old Indian fighter and the buccaneer pledge they gave at the opening of the together planned the defense of New campaign to defend the country." Orleans. It was Jackson's aides and naval offi- The next day the 80 were released cers who wrote the detailed reports of from the Cabildo and immediately the battle. They hardly mentioned the joined Jackson's army. During the fol- Baratarians and made no report of arms lowing days, Lafitte's men poured in and ammunition supplied by them. from the bayous and enlisted. Each (Continued on page 60) brought his own weapons—pistols, guns, swords, knives, cutlasses. Jackson sent most of them back into the bayou area they knew so well to prevent British in- filtration there. He put Dominique You Denture and Beluche, experienced artillerists, in CUSHION charge of divisions of artillery and let them choose the Baratarians they wanted Dentur Eze to serve under them. Some of the most QIVC experienced of the privateers were sent I f'g holds dentures to strengthen nearby forts. Jackson kept you a Oetter nt. naturally firm. Jean and Pierre Lafitte with him for a time, then sent them to command the It protects gums as long as it holds, defenses the Baratarians had set up at and lasts longer too. So you can enjoy and near The Temple. the good things in life. On Dec. 10, 1814. British frigates defeated five American gunboats in a For the kind of fit you've always battle below New Orleans. Within ten wanted, get Dentur-Eze today, at your days, the British had put ashore 7,000 men, all veterans of many campaigns, favorite drug counter. just nine miles from New Orleans. Jack- son's entire army, including the Bara- Dentur-Eze' tarians, numbered only about 4,000. Not CUSHION PLASTIC half of them had ever fought before.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 59 LAFITTE THE PIRATE The Last "Complete" Silcer Set! -(Continued from page SSI- President Madison, at Jackson's urging, 1964-P U. S. COIN SET rSSHOPPER fully pardoned the Baratarians for all with the in-demand John F. Kennedy Hal f Dol lar, In ottractive, sparkling lucite display holder. Fine previous offenses. But it was more than memento, important to col lectors and investors. 100 years before old documents were Wonderful gift for Christmas, confirmation, anniversary, birthday and special occasions ... a gift uncovered that revealed their large role that's different and valuable!

MJ».. , in the conflict. Only A notion persists that the battle was $2 95 fought in vain because the peace treaty had been signed in Belgium two weeks 10 Sets — $ 27.50 25 Sets — 65.00 earlier. The Treaty of Ghent was not $ 50 Sets — $122.50 ratified until five weeks after the battle, 100 Sets — $235.00 and did not establish American sov- Also Available: 1965, 1966, $^95 ereignty over Louisiana. Had the British 1967, 1968, 1969 Coin Sets £ HEAVY MAN-SIZED in 10-K or 14-K gold seized the area it would have taken more (10. 25. .50, 100 Srf.s prie d Mime n.9 1964 Sets) from $38 with division No. & insignia than the Treaty of Ghent to dislodge BeautlFully brilliont and uncirculated Coin Sets in campaign. Over 100 gold-encrusted mili- permanent see-ttiru tiolders— fully guaranteed on a tary emblems o.' fraternal, professional & them. money-back basis. service clubs. All wars—choice of birth- stone, gemstone or diamonds. Write for After the war, many of the privateers SILVER SETS SPECIAL CLOSE-OUT ON free catalog. Royal iVIilitary Jewelry, Box lived in Barataria as fishermen, trappers featuring hard-to-get Franklin Halves Y-6081, Apache Junction, Az. 85220 1963 set - $ 4.00 1962 set - $ 4.50

and moss-gatherers. Dominique You set- 1961 set . $ 5.25 1960 set $ 5.35

- set - $10.25 tled in New Orleans, entered politics and 1959 set $ 6.25 1958 1957 set - $10.50 1956 sat - $1 1 .00 was a respected citizen until his death ALL 13 SETS Only 95 in November 1 830. He was buried with (1956 - 1968) '64 honors in the city's St. Louis Cemetery. $75.20 Value, if bought separately

Beluche, bearing a letter of recommen- FREE 1969 coin set with every $64.95 order I | dation from Andrew Jackson, joined CHARGE YOUR DINERS CLUB, Venezuela's navy as a high-ranking of- AMERICAN EXPRESS, MASTER CHARGE ORDER TODAYI Send check or M.O. to: ficer, and died as a Venezuelan hero. SUPERIOR COIN CO. (DeptAU) Louis Chighizola operated a French 34 E. 12th St., N.Y., N.Y. 10003 (212) GR 7-5780 fruit market stand and entertained cus- Add 50Boston, JUMBO TV Mass. 02117 in 1844, and was buried in St. Louis. As to Jean Lafitte's later years, there ANTENNA is disagreement among historians. Some claim he settled in Yucatan, engaged in $1 98 Onlylu plus S0< privateering off the Mexican coast until Now you can bring in every he died of fever in 1826. that and he channel In your area sharp was buried in Yucatan. Down in Bara- ond clear without installing expensive outdoor antenna or taria, the descendants of the privateers unsightly "rabbit ears." This simple little invention does the trick, will tell you that Jean Lafitte is buried You altach it easily and quickly to your TV set, in the cemetery in the village named then plug it into wall outlet. Uses no current at all . . . makes your home wiring a huge an- after him. Others say he changed his tenna for ;uper reception. Great for FM radios. BRILLIANT than Di- too. Instruction included. Send check or MO. No MORE DIAMONDS says Reader's name to John Lafflin and that he lived COD'S. 21-Day Money Back Guarantee. gest, SatEvePost about this new, man-made Dept. 67-M, 170-30 iamaica jewel Titania! For settings of your choice only by his wits under that name in the RARPI AY Ave. DHnULHI Jamaica, N.Y. 11432 ?15 per carat; a 1-ct man's box 14K ring is only American West. Stanley C. Arthur, in $44, m'lady's 1-ct fishtail a mere $36.00. OUR 26TH YEAR! Write for FREE HANDY RING his Jean Lafitte, Gentleman Rover, pub- SIZE CHART Si 120 PAGE FULL COLOR lished in 1952, identified the Baratarian JEWELRY CATALOG. TEN DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE {*^ IJrJJ)Li Lapidary Company Dept. AL-11 Jean Lafitte with a Jean Laffite v/ho in 1000 RETURN ADDRESS LABELS ,511 EAST 2 .^TRERT o NEW YORK 10009 N. Y. 1832 married Emma Mortimore in Charleston, S.C., settled in St. Louis, $|00 Mo., where he manufactured gunpow- der, III., CHINA and finally died in Alton, in USE YOUR 1854. But nobody knows for sure. "ZIP" CODE DOLLAR THE END 100 RICH GOLD TRIM only FREE HANDY BOX Uncirculated nickel silver dollar minted Quick and easy way to put your name and in 1960 to Commemo- return address on letters, checks, books, rec- rate 50th anniversary of the Republic of ords, etc. ANY name, address and Zip code China (Formosa) ...only one to a cus- up to 4 lines, beautifully printed in black on tomer... a beautiful coin and ONLY lOi*. white gummed labels with rich gold trim. 2" SUPPLY LIMITED! SEND TODAY. qJ(D51 long. Free decorative box for purse or desk. You will also receive the most wonder- Set of 1000 labels just $1 postpaid. Money ful catalog of coin offers in America. It back if not pleased. Don't know your Zip code? lists hundreds of coins and collector's The unique non-profit placement agency your more We'll look it up for you. Send for free catalog. accessories to make hobby zip ...specialists in disabled personnel enjoyable. Send name, address & Dollar ^^^''^ Building number and 100 for your China Waltprwaller UraKeDrakp to: LITTLETON COIN CO. 717 111 A.e. N.y.C. YUkon 6-0044 Colorado Springs, Colo. 80901 Dept. C-16 Littleton, N. H. 03561.

60 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 197] 1 1

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 61 ODE TO THE SPRAY CAN PARTING SHOTS On the virtues of the spray can I'm not completely sold : I've set my hair with Windex and Raid, and sprayed my armpits gold. I washed the windows with shaving cream

(It did a pretty good job) ; When I freshened my breath with Solarcaine I couldn't suppress a sob. I scrubbed the rug with Lucky Whip ; Covered the berries with Pledge ; But when I sprayed the flies with Chanel No. 5, it sent me over the edge. Marjorie Karr Hintze WINDY MAESTRO Trumpet teacher: Tooter tutor Shelby Friedman TO A TERMITE (FROM AN EXTERMINATOR)

Reincarnation ? Pray it not be ! Horror you may feel at returning as me. But something more dreadful from ray point of view

Would be m\' prospects of returning as ) ou. Ray Collie INGREDIENTS FOR SUCCESS

If you can't cut the mustard, you'D never ketchup.

Raymond J. Cvikota "You don't know what to do? Have you thought of applying for public assistance?" SEAT OF LEARNING

When I was but a little chap, THE AMEHICAN LEGION ^t.^ G \ 7.IXE I learned some things on Father's lap. I also picked up, frequently. Some pointers, bent across his knee. RECYCLING AT THE SAND BOX G. Sterling Leiby

IT'S . . . .? Little Billv and his "Sand Box Gang"' were busily engaged in making A FACT mud pies in the back yard under the kitchen window. Suddenly all ac- Today, the accent may be on youth, but tivity ceased and Billy's mother went to the window to see what had the stress is still on the parents.

happened. Just then her five-\ ear-old, the "supervisor" of the gang shouted: Lucille J. Goodyear "Wp"ve run out of dirt. men. Everyone take off their shoes and empty them !"' F. G. KliKNAN

PRE-PLANNED ARGUMENTS

A coviple who had been having some m.nrital problems finally decided to con.sult a marriage counselor in the hopes that he could straighten them out. During their first consultation the husband exclaimed: "In my opinion, all of our troubles stem fi-om the fact that my wife always has to have her own way in every matter that comes up." "That's not true," quickly retorted his wife.

"If it isn't," snapped the husband, "how come you write out your diary two weeks ahead of time?" Dax Bk.\.\ett

WHICH IS THE QUARRY?

The members of the hunting party had been asked to bring onh' male hounds. One near-indigent member, however, was down to his last hound, a female, and out of courtesy was permitted to include her. The pack was off in a flash. In seconds they were completely out of sight. The confused hi'nters stopped to question a farmer in a nearby field. "Did you see some " —Now lets take another look at that liounds go bv here? "^Vs," he said. "And it was the first time I ever see warm front I said last evening was ' a fox runtu'n' fiftli ! going to pass through here today." RoBKRT Rich THE AMEHICAN LEGION MACAZINE

B2 THE AM-R'C'N LEGION MAGAZINE • NOVEMBER 1971 JUST ARRIVED FROM PARIS!

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Send them to us and we'll ship free Enclosed are . groups of 500 empty packs. Please send Pall Mall Gold lOO's cartons; cigarettes to servicemen overseas. ( )

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Filter: 20 mg."tar", 1.4 mg. nicoiine Filter Menthol: 18 mg."tar", 1.3 mg. nicotine 8v. per cigarette, FTC Report NOV. 70