12Th Grade Ela

12TH GRADE ELA

Week of: APRIL 20TH

WICHITA PUBLIC SCHOOLS 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Grades Your child should spend up to 90 minutes over the course of each day on this packet. Consider other family-friendly activities during the day such as:

Review your learning or Have a time each day to Make a stop motion movie Problem solve something by learn something new from have a family meeting to with a free stop motion app. fixing or organizing. Khan Academy discuss concerns and notice each other's kindness. Play and make music just Mindful Minute: Take 3 deep Read a historical document Reflect and discuss What search for Chrome Music breathes and focus on the at archives.gov/historical- choices have been made by Lab sounds in the room. docs others that have changed your life since spring break?

*All activities are optional. Parents/Guardians please practice responsibility, safety, and supervision.

For students with an Individualized Education Program (IEP) who need additional support, Parents/Guardians can refer to the Specialized Instruction and Supports webpage, contact their child’s IEP manager, and/or speak to the special education provider when you are contacted by them. Contact the IEP manager by emailing them directly or by contacting the school. The Specialized Instruction and Supports webpage can be accessed by clicking HERE or by navigating in a web browser to https://www.usd259.org/Page/17540

WICHITA PUBLIC SCHOOLS CONTINUOUS LEARNING HOTLINE AVAILABLE 316-973-4443 MARCH 30 – MAY 21, 2020 MONDAY – FRIDAY 11:00 AM – 1:00 PM ONLY

For Multilingual Education Services (MES) support, please call (316) 866-8000 (Spanish and Proprio) or (316) 866-8003 (Vietnamese).

The Wichita Public Schools does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, disability, age, veteran status or other legally protected classifications in its programs and activities. Grade 12 English Language Arts: April 20-April 24, 2020

Hello Parents and 12th Graders, Here is a review of content previously taught this school year. This learning opportunity will strengthen your language arts skills. There are several opportunities for students to read, write and think about text within the following work provided.

Week 4: April 20-April 24 Pages 726-737

Day 1: 726-727 Day 2: 728-729 Day 3: 730-733 Day 4: 734-735 Day 5: 736-737

Word Definition Promontories (pg 731) -a point of high land that juts out into a large body Noun- plural noun: promontories of water; a headland.

Inhabitants (pg 732) Noun-plural noun: inhabitants -a person or animal that lives in or occupies a place.

Migrated (pg 732) -(of an animal) move from one region or habitat to Verb-past tense: migrated another according to the seasons.

Steeped (pg 733) -soak (food or tea) in water or other liquid so as to Verb past tense: steeped extract its flavor or to soften it.

● Read Aloud Accommodations and Accessible Level Texts are available via the specialized instruction and supports website referenced at the beginning of this packet. 726 TAEYACTION PLAN Prepare STRATEGY &ODULI\ 6XSSRUWRWKHUV 3DUWLFLSDWHIXOO\ 70+6r(+0&+0)#*1/' OVERVIEW: SMALL-GROUP LEARNING 5OCNN)TQWR.GCTPKPI#FFKFGCUQH[QWTQYPCVGCEJUVGR EQPVKPWGVQFGXGNQRUVTCVGIKGUY 6JTQWIJQWV[QWTNKHGKPUEJQQNKP[QWTEQOOWPKV[CPFKP[QWT LearningSmall-Group Strategies From Text toTopic #U[QWTGCFVJGUGUGNGEVKQPUYQTMYKVJ[QWTITQWRVQGZRNQTGV a place home? What doesitmean to call QUESTION: ESSENTIAL FKHHGTGPVKFGCUQHJQOGGCEJUGNGEVKQPEQPXG[U HGGNKPIU!+UJQOGCITQWRQHRGQRNGQTKUKVCRNCEG!#U[QWT JQWUGQTCPCRCTVOGPVQTGXGPCUKPINGTQQOVJCVKUENGCTGUVK ō ō r r ō ō r ō ō ō ō ō 7DNHQRWHVRQ\RXUUHDGLQJVR\RXFDQFRQWULEXWHWR\RXUJURXSł &RPSOHWH\RXUDVVLJQPHQWVVRWKDW\RXDUHSUHSDUHGIRUJURXSZR $VNIROORZXSTXHVWLRQV 3DUDSKUDVHWKHLGHDVRIRWKHUVWRHQVXUHWKDW\RXUXQGHUVWDQGLQ GLUHFWLRQ VXSSRUWLQJVRPHRQHłVSRLQWUHIXWLQJLWRUWDNLQJWKHFRQYHUVD 6WDWHWKHUHODWLRQVKLSRI\RXUSRLQWVWRWKHSRLQWVRIRWKHUVŌZ %XLOGRIILGHDVIURPRWKHUVLQ\RXUJURXS 8VHWH[WHYLGHQFHZKHQPDNLQJDSRLQW 0DNHH\HFRQWDFWWRVLJQDOWKDW\RXDUHOLVWHQLQJDQGWDNLQJLQ 9JGPYGVJKPMQHJQOGKUKVCEQWPVT[CEKV[QTVQYPC JGP[QWYQTMKPVGCOU7UGVJGU GCFEQPUKFGTVJG PQWTOKPFUCPF ECTGGT[QWYKNN JGKFGCQHJQOG GUVTCVGIKGUFWTKPI ZKDWLVEHLQJVDLG WLRQLQDQHZ KHWKHU\RXDUH JLVFRUUHFW VGLVFXVVLRQV UN MULTIMEDIA SCAN FOR

© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. The world can be a lonely place for travelers far from home. from far travelers for place alonely be can world The Dover Beach Seafarer The POETRY COLLECTION 1 Escape From the Old Country From Country theEscape Old PERFORMANCE TASK PERFORMANCE Present aPanelPresent Discussion Is royalty the peak of freedom or aprison? or offreedom peak the Is royalty From Lucy: Englan’ Lady From Englan’ Lady Lucy: Windsor Widowat The POETRY COLLECTION 2 about thequalities thatmakeaplaceimportant toacommunityor anindividual. a stateofmind.Afterreading, your group willplananddeliverapaneldiscussion The Small-Group readings feature peoplewritingabouthomeasboth aplaceand SPEAKING ANDLISTENINGFOCUS

COMPARE MEDIA CONNECTION: now a country, is full ofdrama. isfull now acountry, colony and aBritish once ofJamaica, story The Encyclopaedia Britannica from MEDIA: WEBSITE identity. anational tocreate England—helped wenowcall land ofAlbion—the history early This byLeo Sherley-Price translated Bede, from HISTORY and People History ofJamaica History A History ofthe EnglishChurch A History Matthew Arnold Matthew translated by Burton Raffel byBurton translated

The Seafarer The Rudyard Kipling James Berry James Adrienne Su Overview: Small-Group Learning CONTENTS 727 728 70+6r(+0&+0)#*1/' OVERVIEW: SMALL-GROUP LEARNING 5. 3. 2. 1. Working asaTeam 4. may addorrevise rulesbasedonyourexperiencetogether. you worktogether. Samplesare provided; addtwomore ofyourown.You Our group’s decision: email, orinstantmessaging. with oneanother. Forexample,youmightuseonlinecollaborationtools, ō ō ō ō List Your Rules QH|JQOG sense personal attributesthatmighthelpsomeonedevelopaninternal your choice.Afterallgroup membershaveshared, discusssomeofthe sharingyourpositions,besureAs youtaketurns toprovide reasons for Take aPosition Create aCommunication Plan Name Your Group Apply theRules that youheard from anothermemberofyourgroup. contributes. Take notesandbeprepared toshare withtheclassonething aboutwhatdefinesahome.Makesurelearned eachpersoninthegroup Our group’s name: 3HRSOHVKRXOGQRWLQWHUUXSW (YHU\RQHVKRXOGSDUWLFLSDWHLQJURXSGLVFXVVLRQV sense ofhome?sense internal an or home external an important: ismore Which As agroup, decideonthe rules thatyouwillfollowas In yourgroup, discussthe following question: Practice workingasagroup. Share whatyouhave Choose anamethatreflects theunittopic. Decide howyouwanttocommunicate

© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Here are some possible roles; possible areHere some add your ideas. own onefor roles, each andchoose group member. thenecessary discuss project, require role.a specific different roles. Different Before projects beginning a together, your group works As has you’ll ifeach person find itmore effective Working onGroup Projects the tasks. withyour group, andactivities andmaketexts aschedule for completing preview Then, find the outtheduedatesFirst, for activities. thesmall-group aSchedule Making From Lucy: Englan’ Lady Englan’ Lucy: From Windsor at Widow The Country Old the From Escape Beach Dover The Seafarer and People EETO CIIISDUE DATE ACTIVITIES from from SELECTION Recorder: Researcher: Project Manager: History of Jamaica of History Church English the of AHistory MULTIMEDIA SCAN FOR takes notesduringgroup meetings organizes research activities monitors thescheduleandkeepseveryoneontask ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Whatdoesitmeantocallaplacehome? Overview: Small-Group Learning 729 730 OGCPKPIUQTRCTVUQHURGGEJ YQTFEJCPIGUVJCVKPFKECVGFKHHGTGPV +FGPVKH[CPFEQTTGEVN[WUGRCVVGTPUQH Language RTQHKEKGPVN[ EQORNGZKV[DCPFKPFGRGPFGPVN[CPF JKIJGPFQHVJGITCFGUs%%4VGZV EQORTGJGPFNKVGTCT[PQPHKEVKQPCVVJG $[VJGGPFQHITCFGTGCFCPF Reading Informational Text to thecurrent day. most ofwhichhavesurvived religious andscientific topics, more than60bookson his lifetime, hecompleted teaching, andwriting.During schedule ofprayer, study, and followedastrictdaily rarely leftthemonastery a priestatthirty.Bede nineteen, andbecame ordained adeaconat at theageofseven,was sent toliveinthemonastery northeast England.Hewas Jarrow inNorthumbria,now St. PeterandPaulat near theMonasteryof Bede About the Author STANDARDS (673–735) was born (673–735)wasborn 70+6r(+0&+0)#*1/' MAKING MEANING AND PEOPLE ENGLISH CHURCH from A HISTORY OF THE OF THE AHISTORY title willhelpprepare youforthecomparingtask. and People for theexcerptfrom you willcompletethefirst-read andclose-read activities encyclopediaentry.First, history withamodern-day In thislesson,youwillcompare aneighth-century Comparing Text to Media opportunity tocompleteacloseread afteryourfirstread. Apply thesestrategiesasyouconductyourfirstread. You willhavean First ReadNONFICTION first read. to determinethemeaningsofunfamiliarwords youencounterduringyour Apply yourknowledgeoffamiliarword partsandothervocabularystrategies Familiar Word Parts As youperformyourfirstread, youwillencounterthesewords. Concept Vocabulary Church and People from familiar word parts,suchasroots, prefixes, orsuffixes. Possible Meaning: “forward.” Theroot - mount jut forward insomeway. Familiar Word Parts: number of Unfamiliar Word: innumerable abounding breadth Who the text. NOTICE you’ve already read. already knowandwhat the selectiontowhatyou CONNECT and . Theworkyoudowithyourgroup onthis isinvolved? A History of the English promontories mountain the generalideasof What ideas within A History of the English Church oftheEnglishChurch A History Itextends800milesnorthward .exceptwhere a isitabout?

Promontories, . mont Theprefix To findthemeaningofanunfamiliarword, lookfor stretch farther. . - looksasthoughitisrelated tothewords pro- then, maybetalllandformationsthat , asin propel you wanttorevisit. vocabulary andkeypassages ANNOTATE the Comprehension Check. RESPOND and project from by marking by completing HISTORY OF JAMAICA , oftenmeans

© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1 furlongs. the nearest coastoftheMorini,is50milesor, assomewriteit,450 lies BelgicGaul, farther, thecoastlineround whichextendsto3,675miles.To thesouth is 200in the greater partofEurope. Itextends800miles northwards, and from thecoastsofGermany, Gaul,andSpain,whichtogether form Britain forsuchreaders, startingwiththebasics. the Romancivilizationinwhichitparticipated.Bedewrote hisaccountof larger worldofreaders forhiswork—theChurch towhichhebelongedand sources, hewasabletowriteahistoryofBritain.Bedehopedreach a monks,throughas contactwithotherlearned hismonastery.Usingthese TGEQTFUYGTGUECTEG$GFGJCFCEEGUUVQDQQMUCPFFQEWOGPVUCU Although themajorityofpeopleinBede’s daywere illiterate,andwritten BACKGROUND 4. 3. 2. 1. B Inhabitants Their Earliest Ireland: and ofBritain Situation The 5. Reptacestir. city knownasRutubiPortus,whichtheEnglishhave corrupted to boundless ocean,lietheisles oftheOrcades. furlongs Gessoriacum Reptacestir Belgic Gaul Orcades between northandwest,lyingataconsiderabledistance ritain, formerlyknownas Albion, isanislandintheocean,facing breadth 4 OntheoppositesideofBritain,whichliesopento the Orkney Isles. n . units for measuring distance; a furlong is equal to one eighth ofamile. eighth toone is equal afurlong distance; measuring for . units 2 France. Thedistancefrom there across theseatoGessoriacum, Richborough, part of the city ofSandwich. city ofthe part Richborough, Boulogne, France. Boulogne, 1 from thenearest shore ofwhichtravelerscanseethe , exceptwhere anumberof promontories stretch 5 Britainisrichingrain from from English Church English Church and A History AHistory oftheEnglish Church and People |YGNN People

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3 2 and were drivenbystorms around thecoastsofBritain,arrivingat is saidthatsomePictsfrom Scythia spread northwards andpossessedthegreater partoftheislands,it and timber;ithasgoodpasturageforcattledraftanimals, 10. but mainlywhite.Cockles found excellentpearlsofseveralcolors:red, purple,violet,andgreen, also manyvarietiesofshellfish, suchasmussels,inwhichare often while seals,dolphins,andsometimeswhalesare caught.There are and rivers birds ofvariousspecies,anditiswellknownforitsplentiful springs vines are cultivatedinvariouslocalities.There are manylandandsea innumerable to it.Inoldtimes,thecountryhadtwenty-eightnoblecities,and amber, whenitiswarmedbyfriction,clingstowhatever isapplied sparkles infirelight. Whenburned,itdrivesaway snakes,and,like last eighteenhours.In Armenia, long, andwhenthesunwithdrawssouthwards, thewinternights at night.Consequentlybothsummerdaysandwinternightsare northern latitudesthesundoesnotremain longbelowthehorizon twilight stilllingersorwhetherdawnisapproaching; forinthese in summer, andatmidnightitishard totellwhethertheevening barred gates. from Armorica, takes itsname,andwho,according totradition,crossed intoBritain The originalinhabitantsoftheislandwere the Britons,from whomit has becomeacommonmediumthrough the studyofthescriptures. all are unitedintheirstudyofGod’struth bythefifth, Latin,which British, Scots,andPicts.Eachofthesehavetheirownlanguage,but books ofthedivinelaw, fivelanguagesandfournations—English, the shortestnine. countries ofthatlatitude,thelongestdaylastsonlyfifteen hoursand lead, andsilver. There isalsomuchblackjet The landhasrichveinsofmanymetals,includingcopper, iron, flows across certainmetals,andbecomeshot,evenscalding.” to ageandsex. As SaintBasilsays:“Water receives itsheatwhenit provide hotbaths,inwhichthepeoplebatheseparatelyaccording has bothsaltandhotsprings,thewatersflowingfrom them indeed, theoldercloth,more beautiful itscolor. Thecountry is extractedfrom them,whichremains unfadedbysunshineorrain; 12. 11. 7. 9. 8. 6. At thepresent timethere are inBritain,harmonywiththefive Since Britainliesfarnorthtoward thepole,nights are short jet draft animals draft Cockles nations of Armenia and Turkey. and ofArmenia nations Armenia Scythia Armorica ofMacedonia. Republic the and Kosovo, Serbia, Albania, Macedonia n . type ofcoal. . type ancient region in Europe. southeastern n abounding region between the Black and the Caspian seas, now divided between the the between divided now seas, Caspian the and Black the between region . edible shellfish with two heart-shaped shells. heart-shaped two with shellfish . edible Brittany, France. Brittany, region in the eastern Mediterranean, now divided among Greece, Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Greece, among divided now Mediterranean, eastern inthe region castles,allofwhichwere guarded bywalls,towers,and animals used for pulling loads. for pulling used animals 11 andoccupiedthesouthernparts.Whentheyhad infish.There are salmonandeelfisheries, 7 are abundant,andabeautiful scarletdye 9 Macedonia, 12 puttoseainafewlongships 8 offinequality, which 10 andItaly, andother 6 and

© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4 14. northern shores ofthisfirth their newhomeland. as farthestrongly fortified Britishcityof Alcuith. and thePicts.Thisruns inlandfrom thewestforagreat distance of thesea,whichoriginallyformedboundarybetween theBritons joined theBritonsandPictsinBritain.There isaveryextensivearm home oftheScots,who,asalready mentioned,latermigratedand and birds, whiledeerandgoatsare widelyhunted.Itistheoriginal island aboundsinmilkandhoney, andthere isnolackofvines,fish, remedy checkedthespreading poisonandreduced theswelling.The the leavesofbooksfrom Ireland hadbeensteeped,andthatthis suffering from snakebitehavedrunk waterinwhichscrapingsfrom in thisisleenjoysimmunitytopoison,andIhaveheard thatfolk land, theybreathe itsscentedairanddie.Infact,almosteverything although oftenbrought overfrom Britain,assoontheshipnears for beasts.There are noreptiles, andnosnakecanexistthere, for no needtostore hayinsummerforwinteruseor tobuildstables is superior. Snowrarely lieslongerthanthree days,sothatthere is division. they are stillknownasDalreudians, forintheirtongue the settlementsthattheystillhold.From thenameofthischieftain, and byacombinationofforce andtreaty, obtainedfrom thePicts of theScots,whomigratedfrom Ireland undertheirchieftainReuda, Picts tothisday. As timewenton,Britainreceived athird nation,that royal lineratherthanthemale.Thiscustomcontinuesamong when anydisputearose, theyshouldchooseakingfrom thefemale Picts askedwivesoftheScots,whoconsentedonconditionthat, were inpossessionofthesouth.Havingnowomenwiththem,these Britain, andbegantosettleinthenorthofisland,sinceBritons meet resistance, wewillcometoyourhelp.”SothePictscrossed into distance oncleardays.Goandsettlethere if youwish;should There isanotherislandnotfartotheeast,whichweoftenseein not room forthemboth,butsaid:“We cangiveyougoodadvice. a grantoflandtomakesettlement.TheScotsreplied thatthere was sea separatesthem.ThesePictishseafarers, asIhavesaid,askedfor to thesouthtowards thenortherncoastsofSpain,althoughawide west. ItisshorterthanBritaintothenorth,butextendsfarbeyondit was refused. Ireland isthelargest islandafterBritain,andliestothe Scots, from whomtheyaskedpermissiontosettle,buttheirrequest length onthenorthcoastofIreland. Here theyfoundthenationof 13. Ireland isbroader thanBritain,anditsmildhealthy climate firth Alcuith n. narrow arm of the sea. ofthe arm narrow Dumbarton, Scotland. Dumbarton, v 14 thattheScotscameandestablished from 13 Itwastothe AHistory oftheEnglish Church and People dal meansa NOTES 733 details withyourgroup. Complete thefollowingitemsafteryoufinishyourfirstread.Reviewandclarify Comprehension Check 734 Research to Explore to Explore Research toClarify Research RESEARCH 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. $GFGoU|JKUVQT[! that detail. what In way theinformation does of you learnedshedlight onanaspect a research Write question. your here. question 70+6r(+0&+0)#*1/' characteristics ofBritainthatBededescribes. What claimdoesBedemakeaboutreptiles in Ireland? According toBede,howdoesLatinuniteBritain? Into whatnationsisBritaindividedatthetimeBedewritinghishistory? nights throughout theyear? How doesBritain’s latitude,ordistancefrom theequator, affect thelengthsofdaysand

Notebook Summarize thehistorybywritingalistofmostimportant Choose oneunfamiliar at least Brieflyresearch from detail thetext. Choose something that interested and formulate you from thetext,

Close Read the Text With your group, revisit sections of the text you marked during your first read. Annotate details that you notice. What questions do you have? What can you conclude?

from A HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH CHURCH AND PEOPLE Analyze the Text Notebook Complete the activities. 1. Review and Clarify With your group, reread paragraph 3. What GROUP DISCUSSION techniques does Bede use to present information? Discuss the effect that When talking about each technique has on readers. selections with long paragraphs, it can be helpful 2. Present and Discuss Now, work with your group to share passages from to mark key words or the text that you found especially important. Take turns presenting your phrases as a group. You can examples. Discuss what details you noticed, what questions you asked, then refer to these marks and what conclusions you reached. to quickly locate details you wish to discuss in depth. 3. Essential Question: What does it mean to call a place home? 9JCV|JCUVJKUVGZVVCWIJV[QWCDQWVVJGOGCPKPIQHJQOG!&KUEWUU

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Concept Vocabulary

breadth abounding innumerable

Why These Words? 6JGVJTGGEQPEGRVXQECDWNCT[YQTFUCTG|TGNCVGF9KVJ WORD NETWORK your group, determine what the words have in common. Discuss your ideas, Add interesting words and add another word that fits this category. related to finding a home from the text to your Practice Word Network. Notebook Confirm your understanding of the concept vocabulary words by using them to write a short paragraph about a place you once visited. Make sure to use each word at least once. If you are unsure about the exact meaning of a word, look it up in a college-level dictionary. Word Study Anglo-Saxon Suffix: -th The Anglo-Saxon suffix -th is used to form nouns from adjectives. Sometimes, the length or quality of the vowel in the base word changes when -th is added. For example, consider these STANDARDS pairs: wide/width, long/length, broad/breadth. In other cases, the vowel is Language rIdentify and correctly use patterns unaffected, as in warm/warmth. of word changes that indicate different meanings or parts of 1. Using this knowledge, infer the most notable characteristic of the animal speech. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. or its affiliates. Inc., Education, © Pearson known as the sloth. rConsult general and specialized reference materials, both print and 2. What adjective is the base of the noun health? Use a dictionary to verify digital, to find the pronunciation of your deduction. a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning, its part of speech, its etymology, or its standard usage.

from A History of the English Church and People 735 736 spelling whenwriting. capitalization, punctuation, and conventions ofstandardEnglish r references asneeded. or contestedusage, consulting r contested. change overtime, andissometimes usage isamatterofconvention, can r Language convincing, andengaging. the structuremakes pointsclear, or argument, includingwhether author usesinhisorherexposition effectiveness ofthestructurean r leaves mattersuncertain. including determiningwherethetext as inferencesdrawn fromthetext, what thetextsaysexplicitlyaswell evidence tosupportanalysisof r Reading informational Text Demonstrate commandofthe Resolve issuesofcomplex Apply theunderstandingthat Analyze andevaluate the Cite strongandthoroughtextual ENGLISH CHURCH AND PEOPLE AND CHURCH ENGLISH STANDARDS 70+6r(+0&+0)#*1/' MAKING MEANING MAKING from A HISTORY OF THE THE OF AHISTORY 3. 2. (a) 1. Analyze CraftandStructure and People. to historicalwritingintheexcerptfrom As agroup, completethischarttonoteexamplesofBede’s approach Practice Writing ofHistorical Elements therefore, youwillalsofindthefollowingelements: era, hisbiasesandbeliefsaffected hisaccounts. InBede’s historicalwriting, superstitious andlessinformedthantheyare today.Also,asoccursinany Bede, however, livedatatimewheneveneducatedpeoplewere more various techniques to present information clearly. historicalBecause writing aims to inform historians readers, such asBedeuse usingevents reliable anddocuments. evidence, such reports aseyewitness LMN EXAMPLES personal beliefs superstitions facts ELEMENT What aspects of Bede’sWhat writing aspects reinforce impression apositive of What central Britain’s ideaabout geography Bedeemphasize does r r r r r r Britain? through of theuse hierarchical structures? of theselection? Notebook Notebook Statements ofpersonalreligious belief Statements thatreflect superstition,rumor, orincorrect information Repetition ofmainideastoemphasizekeypoints. Bede’s descriptionofthenationswithinBritain. a Hierarchical structures thatshowhoweachpartrelates toalargerwhole; chronological listingsofevents, tailored toclarify complextopics Varying oforganization,suchasdescriptionsgeographyor patterns Statements offact hierarchy What patterns of organization paragraph in Bedeuse thefirst does istheformalrankingofelementswithinagroup, suchas Respond to these questions. tothese Respond (b) What topics are using What described, topics each pattern? Historical writing tells the story of past of Historical writingpast tells thestory A History oftheEnglishChurch A History to supportyouranswers. CITE TEXTUALEVIDENCE

© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. use serialuse commas. recommended by your orteacher school to determine whetherornot to of items in sets Consult aseries. Include two at least areference source interesting details by you Britain reading learnedabout Bede’s history. Write It preferred style. publishers forwhomyouare writingwillprovide informationabouttheir whether ornottouseserialcommasinyourwriting.Teachers, editors,or You mayneedtoconsultastyleguideorotherreference whendeciding People This sentencefrom theexcerpt from do notrequire theuseofserialcommas. universal ruleofEnglishpunctuation.Somenewspapersandothersources a seriesofthree ormore terms.Theserialcommaisamatterofstyle,not immediately before thecoordinating conjunction(usually Many writersusethe Commas are to used also separate items in aseries. commas are alongwitha conjunction used independent to join clauses. two wordsrelationships andphrases within asentence. between example, For additional examplesofserialcommasinBede’s writing. commas inthefirsttwoexamples.Then,fillrest ofthechartwithtwo Work individually.Usethischarttoidentify thewords separatedbyserial Read It inSeries Punctuation Conventions andStyle EXAMPLE WORDS SEPARATED WORDS BY SERIAL COMMA EXAMPLE the shortestnine. that latitude,thelongestdaylastsonlyfifteenhoursand Macedonia,andItaly,othercountriesof In Armenia, iron, lead,andsilver. The landhasrichveinsofmanymetals,includingcopper, Notebook Notebook sometimes whalesare caught. There are salmonandeelfisheries,whileseals,dolphins, LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT LANGUAGE showsanexampleofaseriespunctuatedwithserialcomma. Write aparagraph in which you themost describe (paragraph 2) serial comma (paragraph 1) Writers can use punctuation to clarify the punctuation to use Writers can clarify (alsoknownasthe A History oftheEnglishChurchand A History (paragraph 1) Oxford comma and, or, from AHistory oftheEnglish Church and People or nor ) in ) this ambiguity. comma eliminates the serial people? Consistent of use separate three she interview and atennisplayer? did Or alibrarian to be happens Marcel, person, who one interview reporter a tennisplayer.” Didthe Marcel, alibrarian and interviewed reporter “The comma: aserial without Consider this sentence of yourwriting. the clarity increase commas can Serial CLARIFICATION 737