El Siglo De La Luz

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El Siglo De La Luz El Siglo de la Luz PRÓLOGO La conclusión del siglo XX proporciona a los bahá’ís una perspectiva privilegiada. Durante los pasados cien años nuestro mundo se ha visto sometido a cambios de una hondura jamás conocida en la historia, cambios que, en su mayor parte, apenas son conocidos por las presentes generaciones. Estos mismos cien años han dado fe de cómo la Causa bahá’í surgía de la oscuridad para demostrar, a escala global, el poder integrador de que le dotaba su origen divino. Al cerrarse el siglo, la confluencia de estos dos acontecimientos históricos resulta aún más patente. El Siglo de la Luz, preparado bajo nuestra supervisión, pasa revista a estos dos procesos y a la relación que los une en el contexto de las Enseñanzas bahá’ís. Lo encomendamos al estudio meditado de los amigos, en la confianza de que las perspectivas que abre se demostrarán espiritualmente fecundas y una ayuda práctica a la hora de compartir con los demás las impresionantes implicaciones de la Revelación que aporta Bahá’u’lláh. LA CASA UNIVERSAL DE JUSTICIA Naw-Rúz, 158 E.B EL SIGLO DE LA LUZ El siglo XX, el más turbulento de la historia humana, ha llegado a su fin. Aturdidos por el agravamiento del caos moral y social que ha identificado su curso, el conjunto de los pueblos del mundo ansían relegar al recuerdo los sufrimientos de todas estas décadas pasadas. No importa cuán frágiles sean los cimientos que sustentan la esperanza en un futuro, ni cuán enormes los peligros que acechan, la humanidad parece creer desesperadamente que, mediante alguna conjunción fortuita de circunstancias, podrá no obstante embridar sus designios para conformarlos a sus propios deseos dominantes. A la luz de las enseñanzas de Bahá’u’lláh tales esperanzas no sólo son ilusorias, sino que pierden de vista por completo la naturaleza y significado del gran punto de inflexión por el que ha atravesado el mundo en estos cien años decisivos. Únicamente en la medida en que la humanidad llegue a comprender los alcances de lo ocurrido durante este período histórico será capaz de hacer frente a los desafíos que se extienden ante ella. El valor de la aportación que como bahá’ís podemos realizar al proceso exige que nosotros mismos comprendamos el significado de la transformación histórica forjada durante el siglo XX. Lo que posibilita esta percepción, en nuestro caso, es la luz derramada por el Sol naciente de la Revelación de Bahá’u’lláh y la influencia que ésta ha llegado a ejercer en los asuntos humanos. Las siguientes páginas responden a esta oportunidad. I Reconozcamos desde un principio la magnitud de la catástrofe que la raza humana ha llegado a infligirse durante el período histórico que examinamos. Incalculables son las pérdidas en vidas humanas. La desintegración de las instituciones fundamentales del orden social; la violación -más aún, el abandono- de las normas de decencia; la traición de las conciencias, subyugadas por ideologías tan raquíticas como huecas; la invención y el despliegue de armas monstruosas de aniquilación masiva; la quiebra de naciones enteras y el sometimiento de grandes muchedumbres a una pobreza desesperanzada; la destrucción temeraria del medio ambiente; tales constituyen tan sólo algunas de las muestras más evidentes del catálogo de horrores desconocidos incluso en las edades más aciagas del pasado. El mero hecho de mencionarlas trae al recuerdo los avisos divinos expresados hace un siglo por boca de Bahá’u’lláh: “¡Oh desatentos! Aunque los portentos de Mi Misericordia abarcan todas las cosas creadas, tanto visibles como invisibles, y aunque las revelaciones de Mi gracia y munificencia han calado en cada átomo del universo, no obstante la vara con la que puedo escarmentar al malvado es aflictiva, y la fiereza de Mi furia contra ellos, terrible”.[1] A fin de evitar que ningún observador de la Causa se viera tentado de desnaturalizar tales avisos tomándolos por simple metáfora, Shoghi Effendi, al extraer algunas de las implicaciones históricas, escribía en 1941: Una tempestad de violencia sin precedentes, de rumbo imprevisible, y de efectos catastróficos inmediatos, de resultados finales inimaginablemente gloriosos, barre en la actualidad la faz de la tierra. La fuerza que la impulsa aumenta inexorablemente en extensión e ímpetu. Su poder de purificación, aunque inadvertido, crece día a día. La humanidad, atrapada en las garras de su fuerza arrolladora, se siente desconcertada ante las pruebas de su irresistible furia. No puede percibir su origen, ni su significación, ni discernir su resultado. Perpleja, angustiada e impotente, ve cómo este grande y poderoso vendaval de Dios invade las más lejanas y más hermosas regiones de la tierra, sacude sus cimientos, trastorna su equilibrio, divide sus naciones, destruye los hogares de sus pueblos, arrasa sus ciudades, envía al exilio a sus reyes, derriba sus baluartes, desarraiga sus instituciones, oscurece su luz y atormenta las almas de sus habitantes.[2] * Desde el punto de vista de la riqueza e influencias, “el mundo” de 1900 lo constituía Europa y, bien que a regañadientes, Estados Unidos. En todo el planeta, el imperialismo occidental iba en pos de lo que consideraba su “misión civilizadora” entre las poblaciones de otros países. En palabras de un historiador, el primer decenio del siglo presentaba visos de ser en esencia una continuación del “dilatado siglo XIX” [3], una era cuya desbordante autocomplacencia iba a hallar su epítome en los actos con que en 1897 se celebraron las bodas de diamante de la Reina Victoria, efeméride que vio cómo las calles de Londres acogían durante horas el mayor desfile y despliegue de panoplia y poderío militares jamás presenciados por civilización alguna. Al iniciarse el siglo, pocos eran, fuera cual fuere su sensibilidad social o moral, los que podían presentir las catástrofes que se avecinaban, y pocos, si es que los hubo, quienes podían concebir su magnitud. Las jefaturas militares de los estados mayores de una mayoría de las naciones europeas daban por sentado que habría algún estallido bélico de uno u otro tipo, pero contemplaban esta perspectiva con ánimo sereno debido a dos firmes convicciones: la contienda sería corta y... la ganarían ellos. En un grado que podía parecer poco menos que milagroso, el movimiento internacional por la paz había conseguido el apoyo de hombres de estado, industriales, eruditos, medios de difusión, y aun de personalidades influyentes y tan insólitas como el propio Zar de Rusia. Aunque el incremento desmesurado de armamentos parecía ominoso, la red laboriosamente entretejida y a menudo imbricada de alianzas parecía garantizar que podría evitarse una conflagración general y que se resolverían las contiendas regionales, tal como había venido sucediendo a lo largo del siglo anterior. Esta ilusión quedaba reforzada por el hecho de que las testas coronadas de Europa, la mayoría de ellas miembros de una misma amplia familia, y muchas de ellas en ejercicio de un poder político en apariencia decisivo, se trataban mutuamente por sus apodos, se cruzaban correspondencia íntima, se daban sus hijas y hermanas en matrimonio, compartían vacaciones durante largos períodos del año en que disfrutaban de los castillos, regatas y cotos de caza de unos y de otros. Más aún, las penosas disparidades en la distribución de la riqueza de las sociedades occidentales habían sido objeto de esmerada atención -si bien no muy sistemática- mediante legislacion destinadas a atajar lo peor de los despidos corporativos, característicos de los decenios anteriores, y a atender las demandas más urgentes de las crecientes poblaciones urbanas. Por ese mismo entonces, la inmensa mayoría de la familia humana, situada fuera de la órbita del mundo occidental, compartía pocas de las bendiciones y apenas algo del optimismo que rezumaban sus hermanos europeos y americanos. China, pese a su antigua civilización y a esa sensación de ser el “reino de en medio”, era ya por entonces infeliz víctima del saqueo perpetrado por las naciones occidentales y por su vecino modernizado, Japón. Las multitudes de la India, cuya economía y vida política habían caído tan completamente bajo el dominio de un único poder imperial que incluso el habitual regateo les era imposible, esquivó varios de los peores abusos que afligieron a otras tierras, pero padeció indefensa la sangría de sus recursos más vitales. El calvario que se avecinaba sobre América Latina quedaba muy claramente prefigurado en el sufrimiento de México, país del que amplios sectores fueron anexionados por su gran vecino del Norte, y cuyos recursos naturales habían atraído la atención de firmas extranjeras. Particularmente embarazoso desde el punto de vista occidental -por lindar con capitales europeas tan rutilantes como Berlín y Viena- era el régimen de opresión medieval bajo el cual los cien millones de siervos rusos, nominalmente manumitidos, llevaban una existencia sombría y desesperanzada. Más trágica, si cabe, era la suerte de los habitantes del continente africano, divididos entre sí por fronteras artificiales creadas de resultas del cínico regateo operado por los poderes europeos. Se calcula que durante el primer decenio del siglo XX más de un millón de personas perecieron en el Congo - muertos de hambre, apaleados, literalmente agotados por el exceso de trabajo realizado a beneficio de sus amos distantes, como preludio del destino que había de arrastrar a más de cien millones de sus congéneres de Europa y Asia antes de que culminase el siglo.[4] Las grandes muchedumbres de la humanidad, expoliadas y burladas, pero representativas de la mayoría de la población mundial, no eran vistas como protagonistas sino esencialmente como objetos del tan pregonado proceso civilizador del nuevo siglo. A pesar de los beneficios que le reportaban a una minoría de entre éstas, los pueblos coloniales existían fundamentalmente para que se actuase en ellos -como objeto de uso, formación, explotación, cristianización, civilización, movilización- al socaire de las mudables prioridades dictadas por las potencias occidentales.
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