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East Hills Project DRAFT Environmental Impact Statement

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East Hills Project DRAFT Environmental Impact Statement United States Department of Agriculture East Hills Project DRAFT Environmental Impact Statement View from Calimus Butte Lookout towards the northwest portion of the East Hills project area (1933) Bly and Fremont-Winema Chiloquin Forest Service National Forest Ranger Districts February 2018 In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html (or by following this hyperlink) or at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: [email protected]. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer and lender. EAST HILLS PROJECT DRAFT Environmental Impact Statement Klamath and Lake County, Oregon Lead Agency: USDA Forest Service Responsible Official: Barry Imler, Forest Supervisor Fremont-Winema National Forest 1301 South G Street Lakeview, Oregon 97630 For Information Contact: Shawn Martin, District Ranger (Detailed) Bly Ranger District PO Box 25 Bly, Oregon 97622 (541) 947-6328 Abstract: This Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) is being prepared to analyze and describes the effects of conducting restoration management activities to improve forest resiliency and sustainability, manage the road system and restore hydrologic functioning in the East Hills Project area. The project area is located on the Bly and Chiloquin Ranger Districts of the Fremont-Winema National Forest approximately 10 miles northwest of the town of Bly, in southeast Oregon. Based upon current conditions and best available science, it is believed that taking no action in the area proposed would result in further departure of desired resource conditions, and that therefore some type of action is necessary. An EIS was chosen to analyze potential effects in the area of proposed actions because the size and scope of the project area and the involvement of a number of stakeholders. Currently the effects of the proposed action are not considered to have significant adverse effects, but are only significant in scope and scale of action. This DEIS assesses the effects of three different alternatives: Alternative 1 No Action; Alternative 2 Proposed Action, and Alternative 3 No Amendments. Both action alternatives would treat vegetation and fuels through mechanized and hand or chainsaw thinning and prescribed fire, however with different intensities and spatial arrangements. Alternative 2 includes project specific Forest Plan amendments, while Alternative 3 excludes any Forest Plan amendments. Both action alternatives include changes to the National Forest Road System in the project area. The Responsible Official has identified Alternative 2 as the preferred alternative. It is important that reviewers provide their comments at such times and in such a way that they are useful to the Agency’s preparation of the EIS. Therefore, comments should be provided prior to the close of the comment period and should clearly articulate the reviewer’s concerns or issues. The submission of timely and specific comments can affect a reviewer’s ability to participate in subsequent administrative review or judicial review. Comments received in response to this solicitation, including names and addresses of those who comment, will be part of the public record for this proposed action. Comments submitted anonymously will be accepted and considered; however, anonymous comments will not provide the respondent with standing to participate in subsequent administrative or judicial reviews. i Send Comments to: Bly Ranger District c/o Jody Perozzi PO Box 25 Bly, OR 97622 Date Comments Must Be Received: April 9, 2018 ii East Hills Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement SUMMARY The Fremont-Winema National Forest proposes vegetation management, fuel reduction, road management, and watershed restoration to meet landscape restoration goals in the East Hills Project. This landscape restoration is a long-term collaborative effort with the Klamath Tribes and The Nature Conservancy (TNC) to improve the resilience and function of ecosystems in the East Hills Project area. The majority of the project is within the Klamath Tribes’ former 1954 reservation. The project area encompasses approximately 169,000 acres, including 138,733 acres of National Forest System (NFS) lands managed by the Forest Service, and approximately 30,500 acres of the Sycan Marsh Preserve owned and managed by TNC. The Sycan Marsh is included in the planning boundary because TNC has been implementing restoration projects similar to those proposed by this project and often in partnership with the Forest Service. This could allow for partnering with TNC, NRCS, ODF, and the Klamath Tribes in an “all lands approach”. The project area crosses two Ranger District boundaries: Bly (38%) and Chiloquin (62%), and is managed under two National Forest Land and Resource Management Plans (LRMP) as amended: the 1990 Winema LRMP and the 1989 Fremont LRMP. The project area is identified as a high priority for restoration on the Forest in the Accelerated Restoration and Priority Landscape Plan (ALR) for the Fremont-Winema National Forest (USDA Forest Service, 2014, updated April 2015). In identifying the area as high priority for restoration the Forest considered variables such as Watershed Condition Framework (WCF) ratings, past management actions, Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) designation, current stand structures, crown fire potential, and opportunities for landscape prescribed fire. Conditions of the Area The dominant vegetation in the project area is reflective of dry coniferous forest. Prior to European settlement in the late 1800’s, the primary disturbance that shaped vegetation in the project area was wildfire. Other common disturbance agents included insects, such as bark beetles, dwarf mistletoe, and root diseases. Ponderosa pine forest occurs on the lower slopes of the project area and consists of nearly pure stands. Dry mixed conifer forest is found on the mid to upper slopes and typically includes a mix of ponderosa pine, white fir, and sugar pine. Historically both of these forest types were characterized by frequent, low-intensity fire regimes that burned with an average return interval of less than 35 years and maintained open, generally uneven-aged stands of large fire-tolerant trees (Fitzgerald, 2005; Heyerdahl et al., in press; Agee, 1994). Although low intensity fires burned over large areas, disturbance patches resulting from fire, insects, and disease were typically small, creating a fine-scale spatial mosaic (Larson and Churchill, 2012). Frequent fires maintained light and patchy ground fuels and a low and patchy cover of associated fire-tolerant shrubs and herbs (Hessburg et al., 2005). Young white fir trees are susceptible to fire (Miller, 2000). As a result, white fir was likely less abundant on the landscape than today, becoming at most codominant with ponderosa pine on moist mixed conifer sites (Hagmann et al., 2013; Simpson, 2007; Agee, 1994). Frequent fires also kept thin barked tree species such as lodgepole pine in low numbers, or limited to areas where fires occurred less frequently (Fitzgerald, 2005; Simpson, 2007). Hagmann et al., 2013 summarized the structure and composition of dry forests from a 90-year-old timber inventory collected by the Bureau of Indian Affairs on the former Klamath Indian Reservation, now part of the Fremont-Winema National Forest. With these data they concluded that historical fire regimes maintained a predominantly low-density forest dominated by large, fire- and drought-tolerant ponderosa pines across a significant moisture and productivity gradient from the driest ponderosa pine sites to the mixed-conifer habitat types iii East Hills Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement (Hagmann et al., 2013). This result was confirmed for the East Hills Project area in a similar analysis utilizing data from the area (Hagmann et al, 2016). Lodgepole pine dominated forests in the project area occur on harsher sites such as cold air basins and
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