Draft Landscape Character Assessment of Tipperary
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DRAFT LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT OF TIPPERARY for: Tipperary County Council Civic Offices, Nenagh, County Tipperary by: CAAS Ltd. 2nd Floor, The Courtyard, 25 Great Strand Street, Dublin 1 APRIL 2016 Includes Ordnance Survey Ireland data reproduced under OSi Licence Number AR 0001606 Tipperary County Council. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Ordnance Survey Ireland and Government of Ireland copyright. © Ordnance Survey Ireland Table of Contents 1. TERMS OF REFERENCE 0 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.2 LCA OUTPUTS TO BE PRODUCED 1 1.3 OUTPUTS SUPPLIED TO MEET TERMS OF REFERENCE PROVIDED 2 1.4 BACKGROUND 2 1.5 LAYOUT OF THE LCA 3 1.6 RELATIONSHIP WITH THE COUNTY DEVELOPMENT PLAN 3 2. THE LANDSCAPE OF TIPPERARY 4 2.1 INTRODUCTION 5 2.2 CHANGING LANDSCAPES -HISTORY AND THE FORCES OF CHANGE 6 2.3 CHANGING LANDSCAPES - HISTORIC LANDSCAPES 8 2.4 CHANGING LANDSCAPES- DRIVERS OF CHANGE 9 2.4 AGRICULTURAL DRIVERS OF CHANGE 10 2.5 OTHER USES DRIVING CHANGE 11 3. LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT 13 3.1 METHODOLOGY 14 3.2 THE LANDSCAPE ARCHITYPES 15 3.3 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER TYPES 18 3.4 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS 19 4. GENERALISED DESCRIPTIONS OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS 21 4.1 INTRODUCTION 22 4.1 THE PLAINS 27 4.2 THE LAKELANDS ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 4.3 THE LAKELANDS 29 4.4 THE FARMED AND FORESTED FOOTHILLS 30 4.5 THE UPLANDS 31 5. LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITY 32 5.1 INTRODUCTION TO LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITY 33 5.2 LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITY RATING 34 5.3 GENERALISED OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES FOR TYPES OF LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITIES 35 5.4 GENERALISED SENSITIVITY MAPPING 36 5.5 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREA SENSITIVITY MAPPING 37 5.6 SENSITIVITY RATING OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS 38 6. OBJECTIVES AND GUIDELINES 39 6.1 OBJECTIVES AND GUIDELINES 40 6.2 LAND-USE COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN LCAS AND LAND-USE TYPES 41 6.3 LAND-USE COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITY FACTORS AND LAND-USE TYPES 42 7. OTHER DOCUMENTS 43 Table of Figures FIGURE 2.1 TIPPERARY’S LANDSCAPES. ........................................................................................................................... 5 FIGURE 2.2 TIPPERARY IS A LARGE FERTILE PLAIN ............................................................................................................... 5 FIGURE 2.3 NEOLITHIC LANDSCAPE ................................................................................................................................ 6 FIGURE 2.4 EARLY CHRISTIAN LANDSCAPE ....................................................................................................................... 6 FIGURE 2.5 ANGLO-NORMAN LANDSCAPE ....................................................................................................................... 6 FIGURE 2.6 MODERN LANDSCAPE .................................................................................................................................. 7 FIGURE 2.7 EMERGING LANDSCAPES .............................................................................................................................. 7 FIGURE 2.8 HISTORIC SITES .......................................................................................................................................... 8 FIGURE 3.1 THE HIERARCHY OF LANDSCAPES FROM THE UNIVERSAL TO THE LOCAL. ................................................................. 14 FIGURE 3.2 GENERALISED LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS................................................................................................. 15 FIGURE 3.3 THE PLAINS ............................................................................................................................................. 16 FIGURE 3.4 THE LAKELANDS ....................................................................................................................................... 16 FIGURE 3.5 THE FOOTHILLS ............................................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. FIGURE 3.6 THE UPLANDS ......................................................................................................................................... 16 FIGURE 3.7 MAP OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS OF TIPPERARY FROM EXISTING LCA PROCESSES .......................................... 20 FIGURE 4.1 THE LEVEL LOWLAND PLAINS . ...................................................................................................................... 27 FIGURE 4.2 THE PLAINS. ............................................................................................................................................ 28 FIGURE 4.3 THE LAKELANDS. ...................................................................................................................................... 29 FIGURE 4.4 THE FOOTHILLS ........................................................................................................................................ 30 FIGURE 4.5 THE UPLANDS.......................................................................................................................................... 31 FIGURE 5.1 LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITY CLASSIFICATION . ..................................................................................................... 33 FIGURE 5.2 LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITY DERIVED FROM FOUR FACTORS .................................................................................... 34 FIGURE 5.3 GENERALISED SENSITIVITY MAPPING ............................................................................................................ 36 FIGURE 5.4 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREA SENSITIVITY MAPPING ....................................................................................... 37 List of Tables TABLE 1.1 OUTPUTS SUPPLIED .................................................................................................................. 2 TABLE 2.1 LIKELY DRIVERS OF CHANGE AND LIKELY LANDSCAPE EFFECTS .............................................................. 9 TABLE 3.1 DERIVATION OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS FROM LANDSCAPE TYPES AND ARCHITYPES .................... 18 TABLE 3.2 DERIVATION OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS ........................................................................... 19 TABLE 4.1 GENERALISED DESCRIPTIONS OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS OF TIPPERARY .................................... 26 TABLE 5.1 OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES FOR TYPES OF LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITIES ................................................... 35 TABLE 5.2 SENSITIVITY RATING OF LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREAS ................................................................. 38 TABLE 6.1 LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREA OBJECTIVES AND GUIDELINES ........................................................... 40 TABLE 6.2 LAND-USE COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN LCAS AND LAND-USE TYPES ..................................................... 41 TABLE 6.3 PRINCIPLE LANDSCAPE SENSITIVITY FACTORS COMPATIBILITY WITH PRINCIPLE LAND USE TYPES ............... 42 CAAS Ltd. for Tipperary County Council 1 1. TERMS OF REFERENCE 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION CAAS have undertaken to provide Tipperary County Council with A Landscape Character Assessment of County Tipperary using the methodology set out below, and having full regard to the existing LCAs for North and South Tipperary. The purpose of the LCA is to develop a tool for identifying the landscape features of the County and establishing a basis for policies for the protection, management and planning of the landscapes having regard to those landscape features that give Tipperary its unique ‘sense of place’. Elements of the LCA Process Elements of the LCA Processes have included: Familiarisation with the existing LCAs for North and South Tipperary; Landscape Character Assessment consisting of the analysis, description and delineation of: Identification of preliminary landscape character units within the County Classification of landscape value and quality Classification of landscape character of areas and features, categorised by degrees of landscape sensitivity 1 and capacity for change Preparation of GIS based Landscape Character Maps to accompany text which details those items above, showing: Preliminary landscape units within County Tipperary Areas and features, categorised by degrees of sensitivity [Visual Absorption capacity Scenic Views Scenic Drives 1.2 LCA OUTPUTS TO BE PRODUCED Outputs include the following: Landscape Character Assessment comprising text and all supporting maps and images. Review of the terminology used in the existing LCAs – with respect to LCA types, character areas, etc. with recommendations as to a standardised terminology for the new LCA covering the entire County; Identification of data gaps; Identification and classification of all relevant documentation/information of landscape images, values and descriptions of valued landscapes in Tipperary; Identification and classification of all relevant documentation/information about land uses [tourism, recreation, hotels, walks, drives etc. that depend upon landscape/scenic resources]; ‘Windshield Surveys’ of all areas of parts of the County as required – having regard to survey work undertaken in compilation of the existing LCAs and likely focussing on transitional areas between the two existing assessments; Examination of all existing Views and Scenic Drives 1 Visual Absorption Capacity CAAS Ltd. for Tipperary County Council 1 1.3 OUTPUTS SUPPLIED TO MEET TERMS OF REFERENCE PROVIDED No Item, Requested See Report Item number 1 Landscape Character 3. Landscape character assessment Assessment consisting of 3.1 Methodology