Scottish Journal ISSN: 0036 9276 of GEOLOGY

Volume 43, Part 2, pages 89-192

2007

Published by the Geological Society Publishing House for the Geological Societies of Edinburgh and Glasgow The Scottish Journal of Geology continues the Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society and the Transactions of the Geological Society of Glasgow, and is sponsored by the councils of the two societies. It contains two parts per volume. The Journal is sent to members of both societies. Details of membership may be obtained from the secretaries, whose names appear below. Contributions or legacies to assist towards the cost of publication of the Journal would be welcomed by the Editorial Board. EDITORS

COLIN BRAITHWAITE KEN HITCHEN SUE RIGBY ROB DUCK EMRYS PHILLIPS ROB ELLAM TONY PRAVE

PUBLISHING HOUSE STAFF EDITOR

SALLY OBERST (e-mail: [email protected])

Secretaries of Societies

EDINBURGH GLASGOW J. MICHAEL DEAN DR I.ALLISON 6 Corrennie Gardens Faculty of Science Edinburgh University of Glasgow EH10 6DG Glasgow, Gl2 8QQ

Front cover illustration

A 40-45 million year old Tetragnathid spider in Baltic of including the world's oldest air- amber from the Eocene of Palanga, Lithuania. breathing , Pneumodesmus newmani from the Tetragnathids, or long-jawed orb weaving spiders of Cowie Harbour, Stonehaven. Key fossils in commonly build almost horizontal webs between the evolutionary history of scorpions are also of world stands of vegetation in meadows and on woodland importance and highlights of the National Collection. edges. The small stellate tuft of hairs located near the Fossils of spiders preserved in amber may find centre of the image originated from bursting oak tree application in palaeobiogeographic studies. As many buds. As well as demonstrating the authenticity of the of the taxa have living representatives, some amber and the associated fossil inclusion, the presence indication of climate change and species dispersal over of these stellate hairs suggests that the amber flowed the relatively recent geological past can be obtained. and hardened in the spring or early summer of that Eocene year. This image was taken by Mr W. R. B. Crighton, an NMS Volunteer associated with the Department of This fossil is representative of a number of recent Natural Sciences. NMS G.2002.6.22 consequently acquisitions of in amber by National appears courtesy of The Trustees of the National Museums Scotland. NMS holds important collections Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh.

Copyright © Scottish Journal of Geology 2007 Reproduction of authors' summaries is authorized

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Editors

C. J. R. BRAITHWAITE E. PHILLIPS R. W. DUCK A. PRAVE R. ELLAM S. RIGBY K. HlTCHEN

Volume XXXXIII

2007

Published for The Geological Societies of Edinburgh and Glasgow by THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY PUBLISHING HOUSE The Scottish Journal of Geology is a Journal continuing and amalgamating the Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society and the Transactions of the Geological Society of Glasgow, and is sponsored by the Councils of the two societies

Copyright © 2007 Scottish Journal of Geology Reproduction of authors summaries is authorized. Published by the Geological Societies of Edinburgh and Glasgow Printed in the United Kingdom by Henry Ling Limited, at the Dorset Press, Dorchester, DTI 1HD CONTENTS

Volume XXXXIII Part I (Published 19th April 2007)

TETLIE, O. E., ANDERSON, L. I. & POSCHMANN, M. Kiaeropterus (Eurypterida; Stylonurina) recognized from the Silurian of the Pentland Hills 1 BANKS, C. J. Exceptional preservation of sedimentary structures in metamorphic rocks: an example from the upper Grampian Group, Creag Stalcair, Perthshire ... 9 SMALLWOOD, J. R. Maskelyne's 1774 Schiehallion experiment revisited 15 FAITHFULL, J. W. A Scottish 'diamond' specimen rediscovered and re-identified: the first Scottish occurrence of piemontite 33 ANDERSON, L. I., CLARKSON, E. N. K., STEWART, S. E. & MITCHELL, D. An Upper Llandovery Konservat-Lagerstatte in a depositional context: the Pentland Hills Eurypterid Bed, Midlothian 41 MUIR, L. A. & BOTTING, J. P. A Lower sipunculan from the Granton Shrimp Bed, Edinburgh 51 BEARD, A. D. & DRAKE, S. M. A melilite-bearing high-temperature calcic skarn, Camasunary Bay, Isle of Skye 57 FEARNHEAD, F. E. & HARPER, D. A. T. Petalocrinus (Echinodermata, Crinoidea) from the Llandovery (Lower Silurian; Rhudannian) of the Girvan district, SW Scotland 69 SHORT COMMUNICATIONS DONOVAN, S. K. Collectors, curators and the fossil record: a reply to Hope (2004) 75 FEARNHEAD, F. E. & DONOVAN, S. K. A cladid crinoid (Echinodermata) from the Llandovery (Lower Silurian) of the Girvan district, SW Scotland 79 BOOK REVIEWS 83 CONTENTS

Volume XXXXIII Part II (Published 1st November 2007)

CRIGHTON, W. R. B. & CARRIO, V Photography of amber inclusions in the collections of National Museums Scotland 89 HERRINGSHAW, L. G. & RAINE, R. J. The earliest turrilepadid: a machaeridian from the Lower of the Northwest Highlands 97 NEWMAN, M. J. & DEN BLAAUWEN, J. L. The synonymy of the Scottish osteolepid fish Thursius macrolepidotus 101 BALLANTYNE, C. K., HALL, A. M., PHILLIPS, W., BINNIE, S. & KUBIK. P. W. Age and significance of former low-altitude corrie glaciers on Hoy, Orkney Islands 107 TIPPING, R. & ADAMS, J. Structure, composition and significance of Medieval storm beach ridges at Caerlaverock, Dumfries & Galloway 115 FLINN, D. The Dalradian rocks of Shetland and their implications for the plate tectonics of the northern lapetus 125 UPTON, B. G. J., STEPHENSON, D. & ELLAM, R. M. Silica-undersaturated trachytic rocks of central Scotland 143 DROOP, G: T. R. & MOAZZEN, M. Contact metamorphism and partial melting of Dalradian pelites and semipelites in the southern sector of the Etive aureole 155 SHORT COMMUNICATION FEARNHEAD, F. E. & DONOVAN, S. K. A cladid crinoid (Echinodermata) from the Llandovery (Lower Silurian) of the Girvan district, SW Scotland: corrigendum 180 BOOK REVIEWS 181 INDEX AUTHOR 191 SUBJECT 191

ISSN No. 0036 9276