DOCSLIB.ORG

Exploring the Lives of Women Who Lead Susan Cloninger Antioch University - Phd Program in Leadership and Change

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Exploring the Lives of Women Who Lead Susan Cloninger Antioch University - Phd Program in Leadership and Change Antioch University AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive Student & Alumni Scholarship, including Dissertations & Theses Dissertations & Theses 2017 Exploring the Lives of Women Who Lead Susan Cloninger Antioch University - PhD Program in Leadership and Change Follow this and additional works at: http://aura.antioch.edu/etds Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, Inequality and Stratification Commons, Leadership Studies Commons, Organizational Behavior and Theory Commons, Organization Development Commons, and the Work, Economy and Organizations Commons Recommended Citation Cloninger, Susan, "Exploring the Lives of Women Who Lead" (2017). Dissertations & Theses. 370. http://aura.antioch.edu/etds/370 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student & Alumni Scholarship, including Dissertations & Theses at AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations & Theses by an authorized administrator of AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. EXPLORING THE LIVES OF WOMEN WHO LEAD SUSAN CLONINGER A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Ph.D. in Leadership and Change Program of Antioch University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June, 2017 This is to certify that the Dissertation entitled: EXPLORING THE LIVES OF WOMEN WHO LEAD prepared by Susan Cloninger is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Leadership and Change. Approved by: _____________________________________________________________________ Elizabeth Holloway, Ph.D., Committee Chair date _____________________________________________________________________ Lize Booysen, DBL., Committee Member date _____________________________________________________________________ Harriet Schwartz, Ph.D., Committee Member date ____________________________________________________________________ Susan Adams, Ph.D., External Reader date Copyright 2017 Susan Cloninger All rights reserved Acknowledgements “People want to know how to live in this world as feminists, not just think feminism” (bell hooks, as quoted in Jennifer Williams, 2011, p. 42). My life has been spent thinking like a feminist instead of living like a feminist as I found myself boxed in by structural impediments. While the analyst in me would have liked to conclude the dissertation with a simple “problem solved,” my lived experience of feminism has served to foster a deep appreciation for its complexity. So, it is with that respect for complexity that I keep the faith that this study will move women just a little closer to a day when they can truly do all that they value. I want to thank Susan Summers for being a constant companion on this long journey. She has not only offered moral support, but countless strategies, outlines and information for finishing the dissertation even when I am quite sure she could not comprehend my need to locate every ounce of available knowledge on my topic. Her favorite phrase during this process was “stop reading.” I am extremely indebted to my chair, Dr. Elizabeth Holloway, who continues to have an uncanny ability for understanding my unfocused way of metabolizing information. Instead of only allowing me to drive one car in the parking lot, she allowed me to drive them all simultaneously with success. I am also greatly appreciative of my committee members. Dr. Harriet Schwartz who, true to her calling of understanding and fostering learning relationships, provided an open door for me throughout the dissertation process. She created a space for expansive personal growth in relationship. I am incredibly appreciative to Dr. A. E. Lize Booysen for her comments at the proposal hearing and the information she shared. Her insights created an awareness in this study of the power of standpoint, perspective and whose experience merits study. I am also i appreciative of the time my external reader, Dr. Susan Adams, has taken to share information with me during this process and practice the living of feminism by leading the Center for Women and Business at Bentley University. I am forever indebted to my two children, Madison and Miles, my partner, Neil, my parents and my friends who suffered through all my dissertation deliberations and are eternally grateful that I ended the dissertation with Chapter VI. ii Abstract Scholars have identified various reasons for the underrepresentation of women in the upper echelons of organizations. This study used grounded theory methodology enhanced by situational analysis to explore how American women at senior levels in large organizational contexts engage and negotiate the totality of their situation. Utilizing a predominately White, married, middle to upper class, heterosexual sample, this study sought to understand how women create and consign meaning around their experiences; how they experience the fluidity and boundaries of multiple identities; and how they experience the entanglement of macro, meso, and micro societal forces. It explores relationships among factors participants named as influential in experience in leading. Most importantly, this study sought to elevate not just one component as problematic, but to elucidate all interconnecting complexities that are problematic. Five key contexts were identified in the situational analysis as spaces of influence, related to the conditions of the dimensional analysis. Five emergent dimensions were rendered in the dimensional analysis: Growing in Leadership, Solving for Having It All; Stalking the Unknown, Leading in a Glass Box and Negotiating Equality. A grounded theory model was developed of the experience of women who lead, providing an interactive model of how women interpret and engage with the totality of their situation. Four theoretical propositions were extrapolated from the study. The study combined a commanding view of the situation in which women lead, with an interactive theoretical model, mapping places of entry toward resolution of gender leadership parity. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA, http://aura.antioch.edu/ and OhioLINK ETD Center, https://etd.ohiolink.edu iii Table of Contents Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................... i Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. ix List of Figures ................................................................................................................................. x Chapter I: Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 Research Questions ..................................................................................................................... 3 Rationale for the Study ............................................................................................................... 4 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................................................. 11 Situating the Topic .................................................................................................................... 12 The Historical Debate ........................................................................................................... 13 Situating the Current Debate ................................................................................................. 18 Socioeconomic Complexity .............................................................................................. 18 Family Complexity/Conflict ............................................................................................. 23 Identity Formation ............................................................................................................ 25 Gender and Feminism ....................................................................................................... 30 Political Complexity ......................................................................................................... 32 Sensitizing Concepts ................................................................................................................. 34 Sen’s Framework of Capabilities .......................................................................................... 34 Social Identity Theory and Self-Concepts ............................................................................ 35 Intersectionality ..................................................................................................................... 37 Scope and Limitations of the Study .......................................................................................... 38 Summary and Organization of the Dissertation ........................................................................ 40 Chapter II: Literature Review ....................................................................................................... 42 Is a Grounded Theory Literature Review Warranted? .............................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Glaadawards March 16, 2013 New York New York Marriott Marquis
    #glaadawards MARCH 16, 2013 NEW YORK NEW YORK MARRIOTT MARQUIS APRIL 20, 2013 LOS AnGELES JW MARRIOTT LOS AnGELES MAY 11, 2013 SAN FRANCISCO HILTON SAN FRANCISCO - UnION SQUARE CONNECT WITH US CORPORATE PARTNERS PRESIDENT’S LETTer NOMINEE SELECTION PROCESS speCIAL HONOrees NOMINees SUPPORT FROM THE PRESIDENT Welcome to the 24th Annual GLAAD Media Awards. Thank you for joining us to celebrate fair, accurate and inclusive representations of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community in the media. Tonight, as we recognize outstanding achievements and bold visions, we also take pause to remember the impact of our most powerful tool: our voice. The past year in news, entertainment and online media reminds us that our stories are what continue to drive equality forward. When four states brought marriage equality to the election FROM THE PRESIDENT ballot last year, GLAAD stepped forward to help couples across the nation to share messages of love and commitment that lit the way for landmark victories in Maine, Maryland, Minnesota and Washington. Now, the U.S. Supreme Court will weigh in on whether same- sex couples should receive the same federal protections as straight married couples, and GLAAD is leading the media narrative and reshaping the way Americans view marriage equality. Because of GLAAD’s work, the Boy Scouts of America is closer than ever before to ending its discriminatory ban on gay scouts and leaders. GLAAD is empowering people like Jennifer Tyrrell – an Ohio mom who was ousted as leader of her son’s Cub Scouts pack – to share their stories with top-tier national news outlets, helping Americans understand the harm this ban inflicts on gay youth and families.
    [Show full text]
  • Open-And-Shut: Senate Impeachment Deliberations Must Be Public Marjorie Cohn
    Hastings Law Journal Volume 51 | Issue 2 Article 3 1-2000 Open-and-Shut: Senate Impeachment Deliberations Must Be Public Marjorie Cohn Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Marjorie Cohn, Open-and-Shut: Senate Impeachment Deliberations Must Be Public, 51 Hastings L.J. 365 (2000). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal/vol51/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings Law Journal by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Open-and-Shut: Senate Impeachment Deliberations Must Be Public by MARJORIE COHN* Table of Contents I. Impeachment Rules and Precedents ................................................ 368 A. Current Impeachment Rules ............................................... 368 B. A Tradition of Senate Secrecy ............................................ 370 (1) Congressional Rule-Making Authority ........................ 370 (2) The "Closed-Door Policy"............................................. 370 (3) The Twentieth Century: The Door Opens Wider ...... 374 (4) When the Doors Are Closed ......................................... 376 C. Historical Impeachment Rules ............................................ 377 D. Why Did the Presumption of Openness Change in .. 1868 with the Andrew Johnson Impeachment?
    [Show full text]
  • Aristotle Meets Apple: Rhetoric in the Podcast”
    “Aristotle Meets Apple: Rhetoric in the Podcast” By Anna Butrico An Undergraduate Honors Thesis presented to the faculty of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF ARTS in ENGLISH April 24, 2016 Thesis Advisor: John Clayton Second Reader: Haerin Shin Program Director: Teresa Goddu Instructions for Reading and Listening: This thesis is a multimedia project that has both written and audio components. The introduction and conclusion to the thesis are podcasts themselves, and there are sound bites within the thesis that showcase the podcasts discussed. Refer to the “Butrico Introduction Podcast” MP3 file to hear the introductory podcast, work through the “Sound Bites for Chapter 1 – 3” folders to listen to the bites embedded within the piece, and refer to the “Butrico Conclusion Podcast” file to hear the conclusion. 1 Introduction: Listen to “Butrico Intro Podcast” Chapter I Engaging Listeners in Problem Solving: Deliberative Rhetoric in the Podcast Mrs. Thompson stands on stage at a University of Michigan conference in 2004, holding a letter in her hands. Her shaky voice belies her strength and focused intentions, as she leans her sixty-year old body over the microphone to speak. “Dear Miss Buchanan,” her voice rings out, slowly reading a letter that fired an African American teacher from the local school system. Mrs. Thompson’s words unroll a profound social paradox: the integration of White students into Black schools after the Brown v. Topeka Board of Education verdict illogically caused an increased segregation of Black teachers. This policy (that had large and lasting unintended consequences) is one of the many examples of deliberative rhetoric that the podcast Revisionist History addresses.
    [Show full text]
  • How Taking School Demographics Into Account in College Admissions
    YALE LAW & POLICY REVIEW Shifting the Scope: How Taking School Demographics Into Account in College Admissions Could Reduce K-12 Segregation Nationwide by Thomas Scott-Railton* Deepening racial and socioeconomic segregation is producing unequal educa- tional outcomes at the K-12 level, outcomes that are then reproduced in higher education. This is particularlytrue as rising competition among colleges has led many of them to focus increasingly on measures of merit that correlate with in- come and as parents and students adjust their behavior in light of those metrics. While existing affirmative action programs at colleges provide some counterweight to this dynamic, they are limited by institutional (and constitutional) constraints. Out of concern for revenue and rankings, many colleges are constrained in the number of students from low-income backgrounds they are willing to admit. Such a limited scope is not inevitable, however. If colleges were to give a substantial admissions bonus to applicants who had attended K-12 schools with at least a certain percentage of low-income students, higher education could become a force for countering inequality at the K-12 level, instead of reproducing it. College admissions policies serve as a crucial reference point for parents, students, and educators on down through K-12. By rewarding applicantsfor attending socioeconomically integrated schools, colleges would mo- bilize the resources of private actors across the country towards integration. The benefits of this would be significant, especiallyfor students from low-income fami- lies who would have an increased chance of attendingintegrated K-12 schools as a result. Such a policy would also help colleges better foster diversity on campuses, as more students would have had priorexperience in integrated settings.
    [Show full text]
  • ''What Lips These Lips Have Kissed'': Refiguring the Politics of Queer Public Kissing
    Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies Vol. 3, No. 1, March 2006, pp. 1Á/26 ‘‘What Lips These Lips Have Kissed’’: Refiguring the Politics of Queer Public Kissing Charles E. Morris III & John M. Sloop In this essay, we argue that man-on-man kissing, and its representations, have been insufficiently mobilized within apolitical, incremental, and assimilationist pro-gay logics of visibility. In response, we call for a perspective that understands man-on-man kissing as a political imperative and kairotic. After a critical analysis of man-on-man kissing’s relation to such politics, we discuss how it can be utilized as a juggernaut in a broader project of queer world making, and investigate ideological, political, and economic barriers to the creation of this queer kissing ‘‘visual mass.’’ We conclude with relevant implications regarding same-sex kissing and the politics of visible pleasure. Keywords: Same-Sex Kissing; Queer Politics; Public Sex; Gay Representation In general, one may pronounce kissing dangerous. A spark of fire has often been struck out of the collision of lips that has blown up the whole magazine of 1 virtue.*/Anonymous, 1803 Kissing, in certain figurations, has lost none of its hot promise since our epigraph was penned two centuries ago. Its ongoing transformative combustion may be witnessed in two extraordinarily divergent perspectives on its cultural representation and political implications. In 2001, queer filmmaker Bruce LaBruce offered in Toronto’s Eye Weekly a noteworthy rave of the sophomoric buddy film Dude, Where’s My Car? One scene in particular inspired LaBruce, in which we find our stoned protagonists Jesse (Ashton Kutcher) and Chester (Seann William Scott) idling at a stoplight next to superhunk Fabio and his equally alluring female passenger.
    [Show full text]
  • WTH Is Going on with the Retreat from Afghanistan? Amb. Ryan Crocker On
    WTH is going on with the retreat from Afghanistan? Amb. Ryan Crocker on withdrawal, and the consequences for US national security Episode #115 | September 1, 2021 | Danielle Pletka, Marc Thiessen, and Amb. Ryan Crocker Danielle Pletka: Hi, I'm Danielle Pletka. Marc Thiessen: I'm Marc Thiessen. Danielle Pletka: Welcome to our podcast, What the Hell Is Going On? Marc, what the hell is going on? Marc Thiessen: I've never been more disgusted in my life with what's happening with what America is doing than I am right now watching the last planes leaving Kabul, leaving behind American citizens, thousands of Afghans who risked their lives to help us, the blood of 13 dead Americans and hundreds of Afghan civilians. It is the most shameful thing I have witnessed in my entire career in Washington. I'm shifting between absolute abject pain and rage as I watch this happen. Dany, what are your thoughts? Danielle Pletka: It is the worst thing in the world that a country like ours, we've suffered defeats, we've made mistakes, we've done terrible things. Never, I hope willfully, but by mistake, we've done terrible things. And we have betrayed allies before. We've not done enough for people who need us. We've let down the Kurds in Iraq, we've let down the Syrian people, but we have never actually gone in and rescued a group of people who in turn sacrificed all for us and for our security as Afghans did, because make no mistake, we were not in Afghanistan for the Afghan people.
    [Show full text]
  • Betsy Wade Drinks: 6 P.M
    Society of the Silurians LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARD BANQUET The National Arts Club 15 Gramercy Park South Wednesday, November 16, 2016 Honoring Betsy Wade Drinks: 6 P.M. • Dinner: 7:15 P.M. Meet old friends and award winners Published by The Society of The Silurians, Inc., an organization (212) 532-0887 Members and One Guest $100 each of veteran New York City journalists founded in 1924 Non-Members $120 NOVEMBER 2016 Betsy Wade: Game Changer BY MYRON KANDEL ot many people can be cred- ited with helping change the Ncourse of journalistic history, but we Silurians can be proud that one of them is our own long-time devoted mem- ber Betsy Wade, the worthy recipient of this year’s Lifetime Achievement Award. In addition to a distinguished news- paper career, which itself merits this award, Betsy is enshrined in history as a leading member of the group of brave and intrepid women who challenged The New York Times for its treatment of female employees. That effort, which developed into a precedent-setting 1974 class action suit, Elizabeth Boylan, et. al. vs. The New York Times, reverberated far beyond the confines of the paper’s offices, then lo- cated on West 43rd Street. Publishers and editors around the country began thinking that if the august Times could be accused of treating its women staffers improperly, perhaps they had better re-evaluate their own behavior. Slowly, and sometimes painfully, the tide began to turn toward greater equality, a movement that still hasn’t been fully achieved. Betsy and her six other named plaintiffs deserve appre- ciation from the generations of women journalists past, present and future, who have benefited, and will benefit, from their courageous action.
    [Show full text]
  • Contempt of Courts? President Trump's
    CONTEMPT OF COURTS? PRESIDENT TRUMP’S TRANSFORMATION OF THE JUDICIARY Brendan Williams* Faced with a letter from the American Bar Association (ABA) assessing him as “arrogant, lazy, an ideologue, and lacking in knowledge of the day-to-day practice,” Lawrence VanDyke, nominated by President Trump to serve on the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, cried during an October 2019 confirmation hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee.1 Republican senators dutifully attacked the ABA as liberally-biased.2 In a Wall Street Journal column, a defender of VanDyke assailed what he called a “smear campaign” and wrote that “[t]he ABA’s aggressive politicization is especially frustrating for someone like me, an active member of the ABA[.]”3 VanDyke was confirmed anyway.4 Contrary to Republican protestations, the ABA has deemed 97% of President Trump’s nominees to be “well qualified” or “qualified.”5 Indeed, in the most polarizing judicial nomination of the Trump Administration, Justice Brett Kavanaugh, Kavanaugh’s defenders pointed to the ABA having rated him “well qualified” despite the association having once, in 2006, dropped his rating to “qualified” due to concerns about his temperament.6 *Attorney Brendan Williams is the author of over 30 law review articles, predominantly on civil rights and health care issues. A former Washington Supreme Court judicial clerk, Brendan is a New Hampshire long-term care advocate. This article is dedicated to his father Wayne Williams, admitted to the Washington bar in 1970. 1Hannah Knowles, Trump Judicial Nominee Cries over Scathing Letter from the American Bar Association, WASH. POST (Oct. 30, 2015). 2Id.
    [Show full text]
  • Unbound, a Book Launch Series Co-Presented by BAM and Greenlight Bookstore, Returns This Spring with Morgan Parker in Conversation with Jenna Wortham—Feb 15
    Unbound, a book launch series co-presented by BAM and Greenlight Bookstore, returns this spring with Morgan Parker in conversation with Jenna Wortham—Feb 15 Unbound: Morgan Parker In conversation with Jenna Wortham Moderated by Rujeko Hockley Launch of There Are More Beautiful Things Than Beyoncé Feb 15 at 7:30 pm BAM Fisher (Fishman Space), 321 Ashland Pl $25 (ticket only); $35 (includes book) January 10, 2017 / Brooklyn, NY—Unbound: A Book Launch Series with BAM and Greenlight Bookstore returns this spring with nationally acclaimed poet Morgan Parker for the release of There Are More Beautiful Things Than Beyoncé. On February 15, Parker will discuss the book with writer and journalist Jenna Wortham, moderated by Rujeko Hockley, assistant curator of contemporary art at the Brooklyn Museum. Morgan Parker uses political and pop-cultural references as a framework to explore 21st- century black American womanhood. Equally confessional and performative, her poems and essays mine the complexities of depression, sexuality, and race to create an archive of experiences and representations. Writer Jenna Wortham also explores black femininity and imagery, focusing on technology, wellness, and community. Her work investigates methods of collective healing and sharply challenges stereotypes. With moderator Rujeko Hockley, Parker and Wortham will discuss Parker's new collection of poems, using visual art, media, and American history as lenses for understanding the multiplicity of black womanhood. The event will include a reading from There Are More Beautiful Things Than Beyoncé, a discussion, an audience Q&A, and a book signing with Morgan Parker. About the Artists Morgan Parker is the author of Other People’s Comfort Keeps Me Up At Night (Switchback Books 2015) and There Are More Beautiful Things Than Beyoncé (Tin House 2017).
    [Show full text]
  • Manhattan's Rooftop Bars
    The Tipsy Diaries - Manhattan’s Rooftop Bars - Heaven’s Gates - NYTimes.com 10/4/10 7:04 PM TimesPeople HOME PAGE TODAY'S PAPER VIDEO MOST POPULAR TIMES TOPICS Subscribe to The Times Log In Register Now TimesPeople Search All NYTimes.com Dining & Wine WORLD U.S. N.Y. / REGION BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE HEALTH SPORTS OPINION ARTS STYLE TRAVEL JOBS REAL ESTATE AUTOS FASHION & STYLE DINING & WINE HOME & GARDEN WEDDINGS/CELEBRATIONS T MAGAZINE THE TIPSY DIARIES Log in to see what your friends Log In With Facebook Manhattan’s Rooftop Bars: Heaven’s Gates are sharing on nytimes.com. Privacy Policy | What’s This? What’s Popular Now Pioneer of In Fear and Favor Vitro Fertilization Wins Nobel Prize Log in to see what your friends Log In With Facebook are sharing on nytimes.com. Privacy Policy | What’s This? What’s Popular Now Pioneer of In Fear and Favor Vitro Fertilization Wins Nobel Prize Andrew Sullivan for The New York Times Tech Update The scene at Press, the rooftop bar of the new Ink48 hotel. Sign up for Tech Update: an afternoon e-mail newsletter By FRANK BRUNI with the latest tech news spanning the Web. Published: July 22, 2010 See Sample | Privacy Policy Shaken or stirred? Red or white? Draft or bottled? For most of the RECOMMEND year these are the biggest questions confronting the thirsty New TWITTER Yorker. And no answer is wrong. RECOMMEND TWITTER Enlarge This Image But when the sun is strong and the days are long, an additional, equally COMMENTS (82) important pair of options crops up, SIGN IN TO E- MAIL and the choice between them can PRINT make or break a good night.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bush Revolution: the Remaking of America's Foreign Policy
    The Bush Revolution: The Remaking of America’s Foreign Policy Ivo H. Daalder and James M. Lindsay The Brookings Institution April 2003 George W. Bush campaigned for the presidency on the promise of a “humble” foreign policy that would avoid his predecessor’s mistake in “overcommitting our military around the world.”1 During his first seven months as president he focused his attention primarily on domestic affairs. That all changed over the succeeding twenty months. The United States waged wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. U.S. troops went to Georgia, the Philippines, and Yemen to help those governments defeat terrorist groups operating on their soil. Rather than cheering American humility, people and governments around the world denounced American arrogance. Critics complained that the motto of the United States had become oderint dum metuant—Let them hate as long as they fear. September 11 explains why foreign policy became the consuming passion of Bush’s presidency. Once commercial jetliners plowed into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, it is unimaginable that foreign policy wouldn’t have become the overriding priority of any American president. Still, the terrorist attacks by themselves don’t explain why Bush chose to respond as he did. Few Americans and even fewer foreigners thought in the fall of 2001 that attacks organized by Islamic extremists seeking to restore the caliphate would culminate in a war to overthrow the secular tyrant Saddam Hussein in Iraq. Yet the path from the smoking ruins in New York City and Northern Virginia to the battle of Baghdad was not the case of a White House cynically manipulating a historic catastrophe to carry out a pre-planned agenda.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT POLITICAL (IN)DISCRETION: HILLARY CLINTON's RESPONSE to the LEWINSKY SCANDAL by Kelsey Snyder Through an Examination
    ABSTRACT POLITICAL (IN)DISCRETION: HILLARY CLINTON’S RESPONSE TO THE LEWINSKY SCANDAL by Kelsey Snyder Through an examination of gender, politics, and media during the time of the Lewinsky scandal, this project shows that conversations about the first lady shifted throughout 1998. Just after the allegations were made public, the press and American people fought against the forthright position that Hillary took; the expectations of traditional first ladies they had known before were not met. After facing backlash via the press, the first lady receded to more acceptably defined notions of her actions, based largely in late 20th century conservative definitions of appropriate gender roles. By the end of 1998, consideration of a run for the Senate and increased public support for her more traditional image provided a compromise for Hillary Rodham Clinton’s public image. Having finally met the expectations of the nation, the press spoke less of the first lady in comparison to family values and almost exclusively by means of her political abilities. POLITICAL (IN)DISCRETION: HILLARY CLINTON’S RESPONSE TO THE LEWINSKY SCANDAL A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts Department of History by Kelsey Snyder Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2015 Advisor __________________________________________ Kimberly Hamlin Reader ___________________________________________ Marguerite Shaffer Reader ___________________________________________ Monica Schneider TABLE OF CONTENTS
    [Show full text]