A Remarkable Panoramic Space Telescope for the 2020'S
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Is the Universe Expanding?: an Historical and Philosophical Perspective for Cosmologists Starting Anew
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 6-1996 Is the Universe Expanding?: An Historical and Philosophical Perspective for Cosmologists Starting Anew David A. Vlosak Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Cosmology, Relativity, and Gravity Commons Recommended Citation Vlosak, David A., "Is the Universe Expanding?: An Historical and Philosophical Perspective for Cosmologists Starting Anew" (1996). Master's Theses. 3474. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3474 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. IS THEUN IVERSE EXPANDING?: AN HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE FOR COSMOLOGISTS STAR TING ANEW by David A Vlasak A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements forthe Degree of Master of Arts Department of Philosophy Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan June 1996 IS THE UNIVERSE EXPANDING?: AN HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE FOR COSMOLOGISTS STARTING ANEW David A Vlasak, M.A. Western Michigan University, 1996 This study addresses the problem of how scientists ought to go about resolving the current crisis in big bang cosmology. Although this problem can be addressed by scientists themselves at the level of their own practice, this study addresses it at the meta level by using the resources offered by philosophy of science. There are two ways to resolve the current crisis. -
AAS NEWSLETTER Issue 127 a Publication for the Members of the American Astronomical Society
October 2005 AAS NEWSLETTER Issue 127 A Publication for the members of the American Astronomical Society PRESIDENT’S COLUMN know that Henrietta Swan Leavitt measured the Cepheid variable stars in the Magellanic Clouds Robert Kirshner, [email protected] to establish the period-luminosity relation, and that Inside this rung on the distance ladder let Hubble reach As I write this, summer is definitely winding down, M31 and other nearby galaxies. And I recognized George Johnson’s name from his thoughtful pieces 3 and the signs of Fall on a college campus are all in the New York Times science pages. Who Served Us Well: around: urgent overtime work on the last licks of John N. Bahcall summer renovations is underway, vast piles of trash and treasure from cleaning out dorm rooms are But I confess, though I walk on the streets where accumulating, with vigorous competitive double- she lived, work in a building connected by a 5 parking of heavily-laden minivans just ahead. With labyrinth to the one she worked in, and stand on Katrina Affected the Galaxy overhead most of the night, and the the distance ladder every day, my cerebral cortex Physics and summer monsoon in progress in Arizona, the pace is a little short on retrievable biographical details Astronomy (KAPA) of supernova studies slackens just a bit (for me, for Henrietta Swan Leavitt. Johnson has plumbed Community Bulletin anyway) and I had time to do a little summer reading. the Harvard archives, local census records, and the correspondence of Harvard College Board There were too many mosquitoes in Maine to read in a hammock, but there was enough light on the Observatory Directors to give us a portrait of screened porch. -
Photometric Study of Two Near-Earth Asteroids in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Moving Objects Catalog
University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects January 2020 Photometric Study Of Two Near-Earth Asteroids In The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Moving Objects Catalog Christopher James Miko Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Recommended Citation Miko, Christopher James, "Photometric Study Of Two Near-Earth Asteroids In The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Moving Objects Catalog" (2020). Theses and Dissertations. 3287. https://commons.und.edu/theses/3287 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PHOTOMETRIC STUDY OF TWO NEAR-EARTH ASTEROIDS IN THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY MOVING OBJECTS CATALOG by Christopher James Miko Bachelor of Science, Valparaiso University, 2013 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Grand Forks, North Dakota August 2020 Copyright 2020 Christopher J. Miko ii Christopher J. Miko Name: Degree: Master of Science This document, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree from the University of North Dakota, has been read by the Faculty Advisory Committee under whom the work has been done and is hereby approved. ____________________________________ Dr. Ronald Fevig ____________________________________ Dr. Michael Gaffey ____________________________________ Dr. Wayne Barkhouse ____________________________________ Dr. Vishnu Reddy ____________________________________ ____________________________________ This document is being submitted by the appointed advisory committee as having met all the requirements of the School of Graduate Studies at the University of North Dakota and is hereby approved. -
1 Introduction
ASTROPHYSICAL RESEARCH CONSORTIUM Principles of Operation for SDSS-V VERSION: v1.1 Approved by the ARC Board of Governors 1 Introduction Over the past 15 years, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey has carried out some of the most influential surveys in the history of astronomy. Through four prior epochs, called SDSS-I, II, III, and IV, the SDSS has provided world-leading data sets for a vast range of astrophysical research, including the study of extragalactic astrophysics, cosmology, the Milky Way, the solar system, and stars. The current SDSS-IV project is funded to operate through June 30, 2020. At that time, the 2.5-m Sloan Foundation Telescope at Apache Point Observatory (APO) and its instruments will remain a world-leading facility for wide-field spectroscopy, ready to pursue further state-of-the-art investigations of the Universe. The APOGEE South spectrograph recently commissioned for use at the 2.5-m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory (LCO) provides a matching state-of-the-art capability in the Southern hemisphere. SDSS-V as currently envisaged is a five-year program to use these facilities at APO and LCO to execute the first-ever all-sky, multi-epoch survey involving both near-infrared and optical spectroscopy, with rapid response target allocation enabled by new fiber-positioning robots. SDSS-V consists of three survey components. The Milky Way Mapper will conduct infrared and optical spectroscopy of millions of stars to chart and interpret our Galaxy’s history, and to understand the astrophysics of stars and their relation to planets. The Black Hole Mapper will monitor quasars and X-ray sources from next-generation X-ray satellites to investigate the physics and evolution of supermassive black holes. -
The History of Star Formation in Galaxies
Astro2010 Science White Paper: The Galactic Neighborhood (GAN) The History of Star Formation in Galaxies Thomas M. Brown ([email protected]) and Marc Postman ([email protected]) Space Telescope Science Institute Daniela Calzetti ([email protected]) Dept. of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts 24 25 26 I 27 28 29 30 0.5 1.0 1.5 V-I Brown et al. The History of Star Formation in Galaxies Abstract If we are to develop a comprehensive and predictive theory of galaxy formation and evolution, it is essential that we obtain an accurate assessment of how and when galaxies assemble their stel- lar populations, and how this assembly varies with environment. There is strong observational support for the hierarchical assembly of galaxies, but by definition the dwarf galaxies we see to- day are not the same as the dwarf galaxies and proto-galaxies that were disrupted during the as- sembly. Our only insight into those disrupted building blocks comes from sifting through the re- solved field populations of the surviving giant galaxies to reconstruct the star formation history, chemical evolution, and kinematics of their various structures. To obtain the detailed distribution of stellar ages and metallicities over the entire life of a galaxy, one needs multi-band photometry reaching solar-luminosity main sequence stars. The Hubble Space Telescope can obtain such data in the outskirts of Local Group galaxies. To perform these essential studies for a fair sample of the Local Universe will require observational capabilities that allow us to extend the study of resolved stellar populations to much larger galaxy samples that span the full range of galaxy morphologies, while also enabling the study of the more crowded regions of relatively nearby galaxies. -
Measuring the Masses of Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Measuring the Masses of Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Rich Kron ARCS Institute, 14 June 2005, Yerkes Observatory images & spectra of NGC 2798/2799 physical size, orbital velocity, mass, and luminosity how to get data 2.5-meter telescope, Apache Point, New Mexico secondary mirror focal ratio = f/5 field-of-view = 3 degrees 2.5-m primary mirror camera or plate at focus five rows = five filters six columns = 6 scan lines plugging 640 optical fibers into a drilled aluminum plate telescope pointing sideways to left; spectrographs are the green boxes nighttime operations in observing room at Apache Point Observatory A: NGC 2798 B: NGC 2799 SDSS “field:” 2048 pixels wide = 13.6 arc minute 1489 pixels high = 9.8 arc minute 1 pixel = 0.4 arc second what can we learn about the galaxies? physical size R orbital velocity v mass M luminosity L index of dark matter M / L the first step is to determine the distance to the galaxies we need spectra for the galaxies, from which we derive redshifts spectrum ⇒ redshift ⇒ distance ⇒ physical size ⇒ etc. A SDSS spectrum (gif): area sampled is 3 arcsec diameter 4096 pixels wide: 3800 - 9200 Å y-axis is the flux per Ångstrom gif image is smoothed/compressed B The redshift z is an observed property of a galaxy (or quasar). It tells us the relative size of the Universe now with respect to the size of the Universe when light left the galaxy (or quasar). (1 + z) = (size now) / (size then) the redshift is measured from the observed positions of atomic lines in the spectra of galaxies and quasars for example, the -
Cluster Lensing and Supernova Survey with Hubble
Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble Marc Postman, STScI LBL Physics Division RPM, May 20, 2014 Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble CLASH Team at RAS, London, Sept 2013 A HST Multi-Cycle Treasury Program designed to place new constraints on the fundamental components of the cosmos: dark matter, dark energy, and baryons. To accomplish this, we are using galaxy clusters as cosmic lenses to probe dark matter and magnify distant galaxies. Multiple observation epochs enable a z > 1 SN search in the surrounding field (where lensing magnification is low). The CLASH Science Team: ~60 researchers, 30 institutions, 12 countries Marc Postman, P.I. Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) Ofer Lahav UCL Begona Ascaso UC Davis Ruth Lazkoz Univ. of the Basque Country Italo Balestra Max Plank Institute (MPE) Doron Lemze JHU Matthias Bartelmann Universität Heidelberg Dan Maoz Tel Aviv University Narciso “Txitxo” Benitez Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) Curtis McCully Rutgers University Andrea Biviano INAF - OATS Elinor Medezinski JHU Rychard Bouwens Leiden University Peter Melchior The Ohio State University Larry Bradley STScI Massimo Meneghetti INAF / Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna Thomas Broadhurst Univ. of the Basque Country Amata Mercurio INAF / OAC Dan Coe STScI Julian Merten JPL / Caltech Thomas Connor Michigan State University Anna Monna Univ. Sternwarte Munchen / MPE Mauricio Carrasco Universidad Catolica de Chile Alberto Molino IAA Nicole Czakon California Institute of Technology / ASIAA John Moustakas -
Mission & Instrument Overview
Mission & Instrument Overview 1. ABSTRACT 2. Science OVERVIEW 3. MISSION 4. INSTRUMENT 4.1. Optical Design 4.2. Telescope 4.3. Window and Grism 4.4. Dichroic Beam Splitter 4.5. Filters 4.6. Detectors and Front-End Electronics 4.7. Instrument Ground Calibration and Performance 5. MISSION AND SCIENCE OPERATIONS AND DATA ANALYSIS 6. REFERENCES Based upon Martin et al. 2003, “The Galaxy Evolution Explorer”, SPIE Conf. 4854, Future EUV-UV and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation. 1.ABSTRACT The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) is a NASA Small Explorer Mission launched April 28, 2003. GALEX is will performing the first Space Ultraviolet sky survey. Five imaging surveys in each of two bands (1350-1750Å and 1750-2800Å) range from an all- sky survey (limit mAB~20-21) to an ultra-deep survey of 4 square degrees (limit mAB~26). Three spectroscopic grism surveys (R=100-300) are underway with various depths (mAB~20-25) and sky coverage (100 to 2 square degrees) over the 1350-2800Å band. The instrument includes a 50 cm modified Ritchey-Chrétien telescope, a dichroic beam splitter and astigmatism corrector, two large sealed tube microchannel plate detectors to simultaneously cover the two bands and the 1.2 degree field of view. A rotating wheel provides either imaging or grism spectroscopy with transmitting optics. We will use the measured UV properties of local galaxies, along with corollary observations, to calibrate the UV-global star formation rate relationship in galaxies. We will apply this calibration to distant galaxies discovered in the deep imaging and spectroscopic surveys to map the history of star formation in the universe over the red shift range zero to two. -
Exoplanet Exploration Collaboration Initiative TP Exoplanets Final Report
EXO Exoplanet Exploration Collaboration Initiative TP Exoplanets Final Report Ca Ca Ca H Ca Fe Fe Fe H Fe Mg Fe Na O2 H O2 The cover shows the transit of an Earth like planet passing in front of a Sun like star. When a planet transits its star in this way, it is possible to see through its thin layer of atmosphere and measure its spectrum. The lines at the bottom of the page show the absorption spectrum of the Earth in front of the Sun, the signature of life as we know it. Seeing our Earth as just one possibly habitable planet among many billions fundamentally changes the perception of our place among the stars. "The 2014 Space Studies Program of the International Space University was hosted by the École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS) and the École des Hautes études commerciales (HEC), Montréal, Québec, Canada." While all care has been taken in the preparation of this report, ISU does not take any responsibility for the accuracy of its content. Electronic copies of the Final Report and the Executive Summary can be downloaded from the ISU Library website at http://isulibrary.isunet.edu/ International Space University Strasbourg Central Campus Parc d’Innovation 1 rue Jean-Dominique Cassini 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden Tel +33 (0)3 88 65 54 30 Fax +33 (0)3 88 65 54 47 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.isunet.edu France Unless otherwise credited, figures and images were created by TP Exoplanets. Exoplanets Final Report Page i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The International Space University Summer Session Program 2014 and the work on the -
Meeting Program
A A S MEETING PROGRAM 211TH MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY WITH THE HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS DIVISION (HEAD) AND THE HISTORICAL ASTRONOMY DIVISION (HAD) 7-11 JANUARY 2008 AUSTIN, TX All scientific session will be held at the: Austin Convention Center COUNCIL .......................... 2 500 East Cesar Chavez St. Austin, TX 78701 EXHIBITS ........................... 4 FURTHER IN GRATITUDE INFORMATION ............... 6 AAS Paper Sorters SCHEDULE ....................... 7 Rachel Akeson, David Bartlett, Elizabeth Barton, SUNDAY ........................17 Joan Centrella, Jun Cui, Susana Deustua, Tapasi Ghosh, Jennifer Grier, Joe Hahn, Hugh Harris, MONDAY .......................21 Chryssa Kouveliotou, John Martin, Kevin Marvel, Kristen Menou, Brian Patten, Robert Quimby, Chris Springob, Joe Tenn, Dirk Terrell, Dave TUESDAY .......................25 Thompson, Liese van Zee, and Amy Winebarger WEDNESDAY ................77 We would like to thank the THURSDAY ................. 143 following sponsors: FRIDAY ......................... 203 Elsevier Northrop Grumman SATURDAY .................. 241 Lockheed Martin The TABASGO Foundation AUTHOR INDEX ........ 242 AAS COUNCIL J. Craig Wheeler Univ. of Texas President (6/2006-6/2008) John P. Huchra Harvard-Smithsonian, President-Elect CfA (6/2007-6/2008) Paul Vanden Bout NRAO Vice-President (6/2005-6/2008) Robert W. O’Connell Univ. of Virginia Vice-President (6/2006-6/2009) Lee W. Hartman Univ. of Michigan Vice-President (6/2007-6/2010) John Graham CIW Secretary (6/2004-6/2010) OFFICERS Hervey (Peter) STScI Treasurer Stockman (6/2005-6/2008) Timothy F. Slater Univ. of Arizona Education Officer (6/2006-6/2009) Mike A’Hearn Univ. of Maryland Pub. Board Chair (6/2005-6/2008) Kevin Marvel AAS Executive Officer (6/2006-Present) Gary J. Ferland Univ. of Kentucky (6/2007-6/2008) Suzanne Hawley Univ. -
Charged-Coupled Detector Sky Surveys DONALD P
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 90, pp. 9751-9753, November 1993 Colloquium Paper This paper was presented at a colloquium entitled "Images of Science: Science ofImages," organized by Albert V. Crewe, held January 13 and 14, 1992, at the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC. Charged-coupled detector sky surveys DONALD P. SCHNEIDER Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 ABSTRACT Sky surveys have played a fundamental role in years to prepare the equipment, years to acquire and cali- advancing our understanding of the cosmos. The current pic- brate the observations, and years to analyze the results-an tures of stellar evolution and structure and kinematics of our image that is in fact not far from the truth. This type of Galaxy were made possible by the extensive photographic and research rarely generates the excitement (professional or spectrographic programs performed in the early part ofthe 20th public) that accompanies many of the heralded discoveries century. The Palomar Sky Survey, completed in the 1950s, is still (e.g., pulsars or gravitational lenses), but it is unusual indeed the principal source for many investigations. In the past few for these breakthroughs not to have been based, at least in decades surveys have been undertaken at radio, millimeter, part, on the data base provided by previous surveys. It should infrared, and x-ray wavelengths; each has provided insights into also be noted that every time an astronomical survey has new astronomical phenomena (e.g., quasars, pulsars, and the 3° been undertaken in an unexplored wavelength band (e.g., cosmic background radiation). The advent of high quantum radio, x-ray), startling discoveries have followed. -
Keiichi Umetsu — CURRICULUM VITAE (Updated on July 8, 2021)
Keiichi Umetsu —CURRICULUM VITAE (Updated on September 8, 2021) Contact and Personal Information Work Address: Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica (ASIAA), 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, National Taiwan University (NTU), No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Email: [email protected] Web: http://idv.sinica.edu.tw/keiichi/index.php ORCID: 0000-0002-7196-4822 WOS ResearcherID: AAZ-7589-2020 Academic Appointments Full Research Fellow [rank equivalent to Full Professor], ASIAA (01/2014 – present) Kavli Visiting Scholar, Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, China (2016) Associate Research Fellow [tenured], ASIAA (01/2010 – 12/2013) Adjunct Research Fellow, Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, NTU (01/2008 – 12/2012) Assistant Research Fellow [tenure track], ASIAA (06/2006 – 12/2009) Science Lead for the Yuan Tseh Lee Array: AMiBA, Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA (08/2005 – 07/2011) Faculty Staff Scientist, ASIAA (07/2005 – 05/2006) Postdoctoral Research Fellow, ASIAA (06/2001 – 06/2005) Education Ph.D. in Astronomy, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1998 – 03/2001) M.Sc. in Astronomy, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1996 – 03/1998) B.Sc. in Physics, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1992 – 03/1996) Publication Summary According to the NASA Astrophysics Data System, I have • 181 research papers published or in press in peer-reviewed journals, with a total h-index of 53 • 21 lead (first or corresponding*) author publications with a total of over 1400 citations • Lead author publications: 1 paper cited at least 200 times (Umetsu* et al. 2014), 6 cited at least 100 times and +1 cited 99 times (Umetsu* et al.