DOCSLIB.ORG

Nectar and Pollen Sources of New Zealand I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nectar and Pollen Sources of New Zealand I Nectar and Pollen Sources of New Zealand I. .,,'"\' ~ /({JUJ,; by R.S. Walsh(N.D. Ap. N.Z.) together with a list of suitable source trees for planting in various districts and a chapter on the function of the flower. CONTENTS Introduction.. .. 3 .. WinterSourcesof Nectarand Pollen. .. 5 Tree Sources of Spring Pollen . .. 9 ~M."' 'Y' .." '~._'\:;"-","" , .~ { Spring & Summer Nectar Sources. 11 . " -.:. '\~.."~ "('. r I. ,"" , " Lite Summer & Autumn Sources of Nectar and Pollen. .37 'h , r Ii.: 1/.,' FlightRangeof Bees. .43 I \~ ............. Acknowledgements.. .45 N(~(~tar and Pollen The Flower. .47 Sources of Ne\V Zealand Plantingfor Production. .49 by R.S. Walsh First published 1967 This edition fully revised and published by National Beekeepers Association of New Zealand (lnc) P.O. Box 4048 Wellington, N.Z. February 1978 Printed by David F. Jones Ltd Home Street, Wellington Typesetting, layout and editing by Agricultural Press Company Ltd P.O. Box 176, Carterton, N.Z. /{oWII!;/ Editor: Trevor Walton with assistance from David Williams, Rotorua INTRODUCTION Illustrations by This appeared as a preface to the first edition of "Nectar and Pollen Sources of Paul Nicolai, Tuturumur.i NewZealand." So numerous are the sources of nectar they are of little economic importance, and pollen to be found in NewZealand while plants that would yield appre- that it would be an almost impossible ciable quantities of nectar if sufficiently task to give a description of all of them. numerous are in many cases now so However, to compile such a list would scattered and decimated by the en- serve no useful purpose as the yields croachment of civilisation, the ravages from some sources are so slight that of disease, fire and drought that they 3 contribute little to the beekeeper of ahead of inland districts and some inland today. There are a number of great locations well south are more forward forest trees that at one time must have than northern districts that have every been valuablesources of nectar had bees appearance of being more favourably been kept within flight range. situated. The writer has no knowledge of the As a result of observation and the com- honey yielded by the flowers of many piling of records over a period of years of these trees but has, on rare occasions the writer believes the ideal conditions when a convenient vantage point has necessary for a really good honey season allowed the opportunity of looking into in Auckland and North Auckland re- their foliage high above the ground ob- quires heavy winter rains until late served the bees freely working the nec- September. The next two months taries of the flowers. Muchof the pollen should be without wind as wind almost collected by bees kept in apiaries near entirely curtails nectar secretion. bush areas is very difficult to identify. Warm weather is, of course, necessary as Were it possible to index the variety of are some periods of rain which should pollen in one colour range alone - that not, however, be accompanied by ex- between white and deep yellow - it tremes in temperature. If the above would present an imposing list. Out- conditions prevail up until the middle' standing colours observed in the corbi- of November a prolonged drought will cula of the pollen gatherers are snow have no effect on crop returns. I am white, black, bright red, bright blue, inclined to believe that drought condi- green, wine, orange, mauve, purple and tions following ideal spring and early brown. The pollen colours recorded summer weather favour long and here are as observed in the pollen copious nectar secretion from all baskets of the bee. sources in this district. Unseasonal The principal nectar sources of the weather and a light honey flow will pro- Auckland Province are today mainly duce more delicate flavoured honies of the same as those relied upon by bee- lighter colour. With a few notable keepers elsewhere in New Zealand. exceptions, honey gathered from tree However, the presence of manuka and sources is denser than that of ground bush honies may be detected in the flora and takes longer to granulate. greater proportion of crops produced There are a few areas in Northland and in North Auckland, the district with elsewhere where a pollen dearth exists which the writer has been most closely for a short period. This is overcome by associated. He has, however in addition, professional apiaries bringing combs of been associated with beekeeping in pollen from hives situated in more Canterbury, Taranaki, Poverty Bay, favoured areas, or by feeding a pollen Waikato and Thames districts and has supplement. Garden flowers are usually also been a honey grader for 13 years. despised as being valuelessto largescale This experience has enabled the writer producers, but as a source of pollen to familiarise himself with the major supply the writer is of the opinion it 1?R7l1 and minor nectar sources of the Domin- would be well worthwhile to sow half hll[ ion. an acre or so in flowers adjacent to I' The periods stated in which native apiaries in pollen deficient areas. Peony I. fN' plants flower yield nectar can only be Roses {Paeoniaspp. Ranunculaceae}and given approximately for any named wallflowers {Cheiranthus spp. Crucife- area as there isa considerable fluctuation rae} are two kinds of flowers that are WINTER SOURCES between seasons and locations. heavy pollen producers and very attract- Coastal areas are always some weeks ive to bees over a long period. OF NECTAR AND POLLEN 4 5 III! Strawberry Clover (Trifolium fragifer- given to soft granulation. Grows to Parapara (Heimerliodendron brunonian- a slight amount of grey plasticine-like um). 8 m. um). pollen of poor quality. This is another late flowering clover that A small tree up to 10m in height. The As an experiment, the rearing of queens assists colonies in this district. It is in Brush Wattle (Albizzia lophantha). leaves are opposite and 10 to 40 cm was attempted on one occasion and 60 full bloom in April and favours swampy A small tree with spreading branches. long. The flower panicles are hairy, 4 per cent of the cells grafted were accept- locations and saline soils. The flowers The young branchlets and leaves are cm to 10 cm across, green in colour. ed and the virgins successfully mated. are pale pink and the seed heads have covered closely with soft hairs or down The flowers appear to be present The queens proved themselves the fol- a strawberry appearance, hence the (pubescent), the flowers are yellow and throughout the year in this district. Bees lowing summer to be the equal of those name strawberry clover. The honey is in axillary racemes. Found in waste are sometimes found adhering to the raised in the spring, but the hives in sticky fruit of the tree. They collect a which they were reared were completely white and of delicate flavour, but is places and forest margins in the Auck- ruined. rather light bodied. land Province, in areas where the plant pale yellow pollen from this source. is plentiful surplus honey can be taken Confined to the North Island. Heath honey is medium amber in colour Houhere (Hoheriapopulnea). from hives. It yields from fate May until and has a flavour suggestive of well early August. The honey is water-white MaireTawake (Eugeniamaire). cooked marmalade. It is easily extracted A smallforesttree,up to 12 mhigh,also and remainsliquidfor a longperiod.Its known as lacebark, yielding abundance in colour and of excellent body. The This Maire reaches a height of 15 m flavour is reminiscent of rape honey. in favourable damp localities. This tree keeping qualities are excellent. Hives of nectar mainly in May. The flowers expertly prepar~d average a 25 kg sur- are whiteand star shapedand bloomin is conspicious because of its smooth Spiny Hakea (Hakeaacicularis). white bark. It flowers in terminal, many plus. A limited quantity of heath honey such profusion that the leaves are fre- has reached the market and has been Originally a hedge plant that has thrived flowered, short, flat topped panicles. quently concealed. Infavourableseasons, favourably received. and May is generally a good month for to such goodpurposein Aucklandthat The flowers are white and the fruit large red edible berries. The blooming period nectar gathering in Auckland, the bees it grows profusely on wasteland over Spanish Heath (Ericalusitanica). obtain a surplusfrom this source. Flower- a wide area. It is also found in South extends from June until August and Auckland where it appears to do as well bees eagerly visit the blossoms during Similar to tree heath (E. arboreal, but ing period extends from March until suitable weather. The nectar is clear and May. The honey is medium amber in as in the north ifallowedthe opportunity. more strictly erect in habit. The leaves colour with a strong but not unpleasant Spiny hakea flowers from June until very light in colour. The pollen is a dirty are rather irregularly arranged. The dull white. Found throughout the North flowers, corolla white to rosy, stamens flavour. It is light bodied and if the cap- September. Its flowers are very minute, Island and north of the South Island. pings are bruised runs very freely. but are worked freely by the bees for and stigmas d.eeppink, are in clusters at both nectar and pollen which is light the ends of the twigs. Found in both Pinl<Heath (Ericabaccans). islands. Spanish Heath flowers most of Mountain Ribbon Wood (Hoheria Iyal- yellow or mustard in colour. Northern Iii). apiarists who extract early in the season A native of South Africa - is found in the winter and is a useful source of are harveting increasing quantities of small isolated patches in a number of nectar.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Elaeocarpus Dentatus Var. Dentatus
    Elaeocarpus dentatus var. dentatus COMMON NAME Hinau SYNONYMS Dicera dentata J.R.Forst. et G.Forst., Elaeocarpus hinau A.Cunn., Elaeocarpus cunninghamii Raoul FAMILY Elaeocarpaceae AUTHORITY Elaeocarpus dentatus (J.R.Forst. et G.Forst.) Vahl var. dentatus FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native ENDEMIC TAXON Yes ENDEMIC GENUS No ENDEMIC FAMILY No STRUCTURAL CLASS Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons NVS CODE Reikorangi Valley. Mar 1986. Photographer: ELADEN Jeremy Rolfe CHROMOSOME NUMBER 2n = 30 CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS 2012 | Not Threatened PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | Not Threatened 2004 | Not Threatened BRIEF DESCRIPTION An image of hinau flowers. Photographer: DoC Canopy tree bearing harsh thin leaves that have obvious pits on the underside and with small teeth along margins. Twigs with small hairs. Adult leaves 10-12cm long by 2-3cm wide, with a sharp tip, Juvenile leaves narrower. Flowers white, lacy, in conspicuous sprays. Fruit purple, oval, 12-15mm long. DISTRIBUTION Endemic. North, and South Island as far South Westland in the west and Christchurch in the east. HABITAT Common tree of mainly coastal and lowland forest though occasionally extending into montane forest. FEATURES Tree up to 20 m tall (usually less), with broad spreading crown. Trunk 1 m diam., bark grey. Branches erect then spreading, branchlets silky hairy when young. Petioles stout, 20-25 mm long. Leaves leathery, (50-)100-120 x 20-30 mm, narrow- to obovate-oblong, broad-obovate, oblanceolate, apex obtuse or abruptly acuminate, dark green and glabrescent above, off-white, silky-hairy below; margins somewhat sinuate, recurved, serrate to subentire. Inflorescence a raceme 100-180 mm long, 8-12(-20)-flowered.
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinking Arboreal Heritage for Twenty-First-Century Aotearoa New Zealand
    NATURAL MONUMENTS: RETHINKING ARBOREAL HERITAGE FOR TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND Susette Goldsmith A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington 2018 ABSTRACT The twenty-first century is imposing significant challenges on nature in general with the arrival of climate change, and on arboreal heritage in particular through pressures for building expansion. This thesis examines the notion of tree heritage in Aotearoa New Zealand at this current point in time and questions what it is, how it comes about, and what values, meanings and understandings and human and non-human forces are at its heart. While the acknowledgement of arboreal heritage can be regarded as the duty of all New Zealanders, its maintenance and protection are most often perceived to be the responsibility of local authorities and heritage practitioners. This study questions the validity of the evaluation methods currently employed in the tree heritage listing process, tree listing itself, and the efficacy of tree protection provisions. The thesis presents a multiple case study of discrete sites of arboreal heritage that are all associated with a single native tree species—karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatus). The focus of the case studies is not on the trees themselves, however, but on the ways in which the tree sites fill the heritage roles required of them entailing an examination of the complicated networks of trees, people, events, organisations, policies and politics situated within the case studies, and within arboreal heritage itself. Accordingly, the thesis adopts a critical theoretical perspective, informed by various interpretations of Actor Network Theory and Assemblage Theory, and takes a ‘counter-’approach to the authorised heritage discourse introducing a new notion of an ‘unauthorised arboreal heritage discourse’.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant List ~ 28Th Edition
    Plant List ~ 28th Edition Key to Plant Characteristics This plant list is purely a guide to species cultivated and does not indicate the A Australian native availability of plants at any one time. a West Australian native B Tree Plant heights and widths are based on C Shrub average Perth growing conditions and may D Dense foliage vary based on soil conditions and aspect. E Ground cover F Climber Nursery Trading Hours G Suitable for pots or baskets Everyday 9am to 5.30pm H Low water requirements Closed Christmas Day I Attracts birds J Fast growing 155 Watsonia Road K Fragrant Maida Vale, WA 6057 L Grows in sandy soils Australia M Will grow in heavy clay soils N Some shade required Phone: (08) 9454 6260 O Suitable for damp conditions Fax: (08) 9454 4540 P Will tolerate some salt in soil Q Tolerates coastal alkaline soils www.zanthorrea.com R Will grow in shade S Can be difficult to grow T Local plant to the Perth region Rewarding, reliable, recommended! ß Butterfly attracting © Cockatoo feeding ƒ Frog feed and habitat Bush Tucker Plant Name Code Height Flower Flower Other information & Width Colour Time & common names Acacia “Wattle” acuminata aBHLMß 5m Yellow Aug.-Sept. Jam wattle alata aCHLMRT 1m Pale yellow May.-Sept. Winged wattle aphylla aCHJM 1.5m Yellow Aug.-Sept. Rock wattle cardiophylla ACDJLMR 2-3m Yellow Aug.-Oct. Wyalong wattle celastrifolia aCDHJLMR 3-4m Yellow June-Nov. cognata ACDJLMOR 5m Light yellow Aug.-Dec. River wattle coriacea aBHLM 5m Lemon June-July cyclops aCDHLPQß 2-3m Yellow Oct.-Nov.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of a Proposed Significant Natural Area at Mt Iron, Wanaka
    EVALUATION OF A PROPOSED SIGNIFICANT NATURAL AREA AT MT IRON, WANAKA R3762 EVALUATION OF A PROPOSED SIGNIFICANT NATURAL AREA AT MT IRON, WANAKA Coprosma shrubland on the southwest faces at the Allenby Farms site, Mt Iron. Contract Report No. 3762 March 2017 (Revised and updated) Project Team: Kelvin Lloyd - Report author: vegetation and flora Mandy Tocher - Report author: herpetofauna Brian Patrick - Report author: invertebrates Prepared for: Allenby Farms Ltd P.O. Box 196 Wanaka 9343 DUNEDIN OFFICE: 764 CUMBERLAND STREET, DUNEDIN 9016 Ph 03-477-2096, 03-477-2095 HEAD OFFICE: 99 SALA STREET, P.O. BOX 7137, TE NGAE, ROTORUA Ph 07-343-9017, 07-343-9018; email [email protected], www.wildlands.co.nz CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. SITE CONTEXT 1 3. METHODS 1 4. ECOLOGICAL CONTEXT 4 5. INDIGENOUS VEGETATION AND HABITATS 5 5.1 Kānuka scrub and shrubland 5 5.2 Coprosma scrub and shrubland 6 5.3 Exotic grassland and herbfield 7 5.4 Swale turf 8 5.5 Cushionfield 8 6. FLORA 8 6.1 Species richness 8 6.2 Threatened and At Risk plant species 12 6.3 Pest plants 12 7. BIRDS 13 8. LIZARDS 14 8.1 Overview 14 8.2 “Remove from SNA” zone 14 8.3 Alternate SNA 18 9. INVERTEBRATES 18 9.1 Overview 18 9.2 Mixed Coprosma-dominant shrubland 18 9.3 Kānuka scrub and shrubland 19 9.4 Rock outcrop habitats 19 9.5 Open grassland and turf 19 10. PEST ANIMALS 20 11. ECOLOGICAL VALUES 20 11.1 District Plan (2009) - Section 6c Significance 20 11.2 Proposed District Plan - Section 6c Significance from Policy 33.2.1.9 22 11.3 Significance summary 23 12.
    [Show full text]
  • And Taewa Māori (Solanum Tuberosum) to Aotearoa/New Zealand
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Traditional Knowledge Systems and Crops: Case Studies on the Introduction of Kūmara (Ipomoea batatas) and Taewa Māori (Solanum tuberosum) to Aotearoa/New Zealand A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of AgriScience in Horticultural Science at Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand Rodrigo Estrada de la Cerda 2015 Kūmara and Taewa Māori, Ōhakea, New Zealand i Abstract Kūmara (Ipomoea batatas) and taewa Māori, or Māori potato (Solanum tuberosum), are arguably the most important Māori traditional crops. Over many centuries, Māori have developed a very intimate relationship to kūmara, and later with taewa, in order to ensure the survival of their people. There are extensive examples of traditional knowledge aligned to kūmara and taewa that strengthen the relationship to the people and acknowledge that relationship as central to the human and crop dispersal from different locations, eventually to Aotearoa / New Zealand. This project looked at the diverse knowledge systems that exist relative to the relationship of Māori to these two food crops; kūmara and taewa. A mixed methodology was applied and information gained from diverse sources including scientific publications, literature in Spanish and English, and Andean, Pacific and Māori traditional knowledge. The evidence on the introduction of kūmara to Aotearoa/New Zealand by Māori is indisputable. Mātauranga Māori confirms the association of kūmara as important cargo for the tribes involved, even detailing the purpose for some of the voyages.
    [Show full text]
  • Honey and Pollen Flora Suitable for Planting in SE
    Honey & pollen flora suitable for planting in south-eastern NSW Agnote DAI-115 Second edition, Revised April 2002 Doug Somerville District Livestock Officer (Apiculture) Goulburn Trees and shrubs are planted for a number of species that have a flowering time different from reasons — as windbreaks, for shade or shelter, and that of the crops. for aesthetic reasons. By carefully selecting the • Avoid selecting winter flowering species for the species you may also produce an environment Tablelands. The temperature is often too low for attractive to native birds and bees. bees to work these sources efficiently. If they It is doubtful whether enough flowering shrubs do, health problems in the bee colony may and trees can be planted on a farm or recreational result. activity area to be a major benefit to commercial • When planting near drains, sewers and beekeeping. But there is good reason to believe buildings, consider whether the plantings may they can benefit small static apiaries. A cause damage in the future. commercial stocking rate for beehives is about one • Select salt tolerant species in areas where this hive per 4–12 ha. This figure varies with the honey is, or may be, a problem. and pollen yielding capacity of the flora. • Windbreaks should be planted three to four Consider these points before selecting species plants wide. Consider an extra one or two rows on the basis of honey and pollen yielding capacity: chosen for honey and pollen production, and to • Multiple plantings of a range of species are increase the aesthetic appeal of the plantings. more desirable than two or three plants of many species.
    [Show full text]
  • Species-Specific Basic Stem-Wood Densities for Twelve Indigenous Forest and Shrubland Species of Known Age, New Zealand
    Marden et al. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science (2021) 51:1 https://doi.org/10.33494/nzjfs512021x121x E-ISSN: 1179-5395 published on-line: 15/02/2021 Research Article Open Access New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science Species-specific basic stem-wood densities for twelve indigenous forest and shrubland species of known age, New Zealand Michael Marden1,*, Suzanne Lambie2 and Larry Burrows3 1 31 Haronga Road, Gisborne 4010, New Zealand 2 Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand 3 Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, PO Box 69041, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Received for publication 19 July 2019; accepted in revised form 26 January 2021) Abstract Background: Tree carbon estimates for New Zealand indigenous tree and shrub species are largely based on mean of sites throughout New Zealand. Yet stem-wood density values feed directly into New Zealand’s international and nationalbasic stem-wood greenhouse densities gas accounting. derived from We a limitedaugment number existing of publishedtrees, often basic of unspecified stem-wood age density and from data a limited with new number age- old, across 21 widely-distributed sites between latitudes 35° tospecific estimate values carbon for 12stocks. indigenous forest and shrubland species, including rarely obtained values for trees <6-years and 46° S, and explore relationships commonly used Methods: The volume of 478 whole stem-wood discs collected at breast height (BH) was determined by water displacement, oven dried, and weighed. Regression analyses were used to determine possible relationships between basic stem-wood density, and tree height, root collar diameter (RCD), and diameter at breast height (DBH).
    [Show full text]
  • Tabebuia Roseo-Alba
    Tabebuia roseo-alba Tabebuia roseo-alba, known as white ipê, ipê-branco or lapacho blanco, is a Tabebuia roseo-alba tree native to Cerrado and Pantanal vegetation in Brazil, but also appears in Argentina (especially in the "Esteros del Ibera" wetlands) and more rarely in Paraguay. This plant is frequently used as an ornamental plant and honey plant in Brazil and Argentina.[2] On the other hand, its flowers seem to be less popular with many hummingbirds than those of other Tabebuia, being visited mostly by the occasional generalist species like the Gilded Sapphire (Hylocharis chrysura).[3] See also List of honey plants List of plants of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil List of plants of Pantanal vegetation of Brazil Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae References Clade: Tracheophytes 1. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species" (http://www.th Clade: Angiosperms eplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-319304). Retrieved June 3, 2014. 2. Pott & Pott (1994) Clade: Eudicots 3. Baza Mendonça & dos Anjos (2005) Clade: Asterids BAZA MENDONÇA, LUCIANA & DOS ANJOS, LUIZ (2005): Beija-flores Order: Lamiales (Aves, Trochilidae) e seus recursos florais em uma área urbana do Sul do Brasil [Hummingbirds (Aves, Trochilidae) and their Family: Bignoniaceae flowers in an urban area of southern Brazil]. [Portuguese with English abstract] Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 22(1): 51–59. Genus: Tabebuia doi:10.1590/S0101-81752005000100007 (https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS0101-8 1752005000100007) PDF fulltext (http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbzool/v22 Species: T. roseo-alba n1/a07v22n1.pdf) Binomial name POTT, A. & POTT, V.J. (1994): Plantas do Pantanal [Plants of Pantanal].
    [Show full text]
  • Nzbotsoc No 41 Sept 1995
    NEW ZEALAND BOTANICAL SOCIETY NEWSLETTER NUMBER 41 SEPTEMBER 1995 NEW ZEALAND BOTANICAL SOCIETY NEWSLETTER NUMBER 41 SEPTEMBER 1995 CONTENTS News New Zealand Botanical Society News From the Committee . 3 Call for nominations 3 Regional Botanical Society News Manawatu Botanical Society 3 Nelson Botanical Society 5 Waikato Botanical Society 6 Wellington Botanical Society 7 Notes and Reports Plant Records Urtica linearifolia (Hook. f.) Cockayne - a new northern limit 7 Pittosporum obcordatum in the Catlins Forest Park . .8 Research Reports A story about grass skirts 9 Some observations on cold damage to native plants on Hinewai Reserve, Banks Peninsula 11 Comment Plant succession and the problem of orchid conservation . ... 15 Biography/Bibliography Ellen Blackwell, the mystery lady of New Zealand botany, and "Plants of New Zealand" . 15 Biographical Notes (19): William Alexander Thomson (1876-1950) .. 18 Sex and Elingamita: A Cautionary Tale 20 Publications Journals received 22 Threatened plant poster 22 Desiderata Nothofagus collection at Royal Botanic Garden, Wakehurst Place 23 Nikau seed and seedlings wanted 23 Book Review Index Kewensis on CD-ROM 23 Cover illustration Elingamita johnsonii a small tree up to 4 m tall belonging to the Myrsinaceae is confined to two islands of the Three Kings group (see article page 20). The cover illustration is one of 25 illustrations by Sabrina Malcolm featured on the just published Manaaki Whenua Press Threatened Plants poster (see page 22). New Zealand Botanical Society President: Dr Eric Godley Secretary/Treasurer: Anthony Wright Committee: Sarah Beadel, Colin Webb, Carol West, Beverley Clarkson, Bruce Clarkson Address: C/- Auckland Institute & Museum Private Bag 92018 AUCKLAND Subscriptions The 1995 ordinary and institutional subs are $14 (reduced to $10 if paid by the due date on the subscription invoice).
    [Show full text]
  • Germination Behaviour of Seeds of the New Zealand Woody Species Alectryon Excelsus, Corynocarpus Laevigatus, and Kunzea Ericoides
    New Zealand Journal of Botany ISSN: 0028-825X (Print) 1175-8643 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tnzb20 Germination behaviour of seeds of the New Zealand woody species Alectryon excelsus, Corynocarpus laevigatus, and Kunzea ericoides C. J. Burrows To cite this article: C. J. Burrows (1996) Germination behaviour of seeds of the New Zealand woody species Alectryon excelsus, Corynocarpus laevigatus, and Kunzea ericoides , New Zealand Journal of Botany, 34:4, 489-498, DOI: 10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410129 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410129 Published online: 31 Jan 2012. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 161 View related articles Citing articles: 14 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tnzb20 Download by: [125.239.173.16] Date: 29 August 2017, At: 22:53 New Zealand Journal of Botany, 1996, Vol. 34:489--498 489 0028-825X/96/3404-4)489 $2.50/0 9The Royal Society of New Zealand 1996 Germination behaviour of seeds of the New Zealand woody species Alectryon excelsus, Corynocarpus laevigatus, and Kunzea ericoides C. J. BURROWS INTRODUCTION Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences This is a further contribution to a series of papers University of Canterbury describing the germination behaviour of seeds of Private Bag 4800 woody plant species in New Zealand lowland for- Christchurch, New Zealand ests in conditions similar to those that the seeds could experience in nature (cf. Burrows 1995a, 1995b). The aim of the study was to examine the germina- Abstract Germination rates, percentage germina- tion rates, numbers of seeds which germinate, and tion success, and phenomena related to germination features of the germination delay systems for freshly delay were determined for seeds of Alectryon collected seeds from wild parents.
    [Show full text]
  • Priority Band Table
    Priority band 1 Annual cost of securing all species in band: $338,515. Average cost per species: $4,231 Flora Scientific name Common name Species type Acacia atrox Myall Creek wattle Shrub Acacia constablei Narrabarba wattle Shrub Acacia dangarensis Acacia dangarensis Tree Allocasuarina defungens Dwarf heath casuarina Shrub Asperula asthenes Trailing woodruff Forb Asterolasia buxifolia Asterolasia buxifolia Shrub Astrotricha sp. Wallagaraugh (R.O. Makinson 1228) Tura star-hair Shrub Baeckea kandos Baeckea kandos Shrub Bertya opponens Coolabah bertya Shrub Bertya sp. (Chambigne NR, Bertya sp. (Chambigne NR, M. Fatemi M. Fatemi 24) 24) Shrub Boronia boliviensis Bolivia Hill boronia Shrub Caladenia tessellata Tessellated spider orchid Orchid Calochilus pulchellus Pretty beard orchid Orchid Carex klaphakei Klaphake's sedge Forb Corchorus cunninghamii Native jute Shrub Corynocarpus rupestris subsp. rupestris Glenugie karaka Shrub Cryptocarya foetida Stinking cryptocarya Tree Desmodium acanthocladum Thorny pea Shrub Diuris sp. (Oaklands, D.L. Jones 5380) Oaklands diuris Orchid Diuris sp. aff. chrysantha Byron Bay diuris Orchid Eidothea hardeniana Nightcap oak Tree Eucalyptus boliviana Bolivia stringybark Tree Eucalyptus camphora subsp. relicta Warra broad-leaved sally Tree Eucalyptus canobolensis Silver-leaf candlebark Tree Eucalyptus castrensis Singleton mallee Tree Eucalyptus fracta Broken back ironbark Tree Eucalyptus microcodon Border mallee Tree Eucalyptus oresbia Small-fruited mountain gum Tree Gaultheria viridicarpa subsp. merinoensis Mt Merino waxberry Shrub Genoplesium baueri Bauer's midge orchid Orchid Genoplesium superbum Superb midge orchid Orchid Gentiana wissmannii New England gentian Forb Gossia fragrantissima Sweet myrtle Shrub Grevillea obtusiflora Grevillea obtusiflora Shrub Grevillea renwickiana Nerriga grevillea Shrub Grevillea rhizomatosa Gibraltar grevillea Shrub Hakea pulvinifera Lake Keepit hakea Shrub Hibbertia glabrescens Hibbertia glabrescens Shrub Hibbertia sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Novel Habitats, Rare Plants and Root Traits
    Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Novel Habitats, Rare Plants and Roots Traits A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science at Lincoln University by Paula Ann Greer Lincoln University 2017 Abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science. Abstract Novel habitats, rare plants and root traits. by Paula Ann Greer The loss of native plant species through habitat loss has been happening in NZ since the arrival of humans. This is especially true in Canterbury where less than 1% of the lowland plains are believed to be covered in remnant native vegetation. Rural land uses are changing and farm intensification is creating novel habitats, including farm irrigation earth dams. Dam engineers prefer not to have plants growing on dams. Earth dams are consented for 100 years, they could be used to support threatened native plants. Within the farm conversion of the present study dams have created an average of 1.7 hectares of ‘new land’ on their outside slope alone, which is the area of my research.
    [Show full text]