DOCSLIB.ORG

Downloaded from Brill.Com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM Via Free Access GLOSSARY of INDIAN ARCHITECTURAL TERMS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Downloaded from Brill.Com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM Via Free Access GLOSSARY of INDIAN ARCHITECTURAL TERMS DOCUMENTATION J. Burton-Page and G. Michell - 9789047423652 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM via free access GLOSSARY OF INDIAN ARCHITECTURAL TERMS bshr water chute malaka ridged, gourd-like element crowning a dome or spire shr-khna building housing the alams used in Shia ceremo- nies at Muharram aywn arched portal bgh garden bol step-well bradar free-standing pavilion associated with palaces and gardens bhdar citadel burj forti ed tower chabtra raised platform chr-bgh (chahr-bgh) four-square garden chau-chal Bengali hut-shaped roof with curved ridges and cornice chhajj angled overhang; eaves chhatr lit. umbrella (Sanskrit chhattra), domed pavilion chihil sutn forty-pillared hall chilla khna house of meditation chirgdhn lamp-stand chunam polished plaster dd ma4all palace of justice dargh tomb or shrine of a saint darwza gate or doorway d wn-i mm hall of public audience d wn-i kh hall of private audience durga, durg fort ght steps leading down to water guldasta slender, minaret-like element, rising above the roof line gunbad dome; domed tomb 4ammm steam bath 4auz ablution pool in a mosque courtyard havl urban mansion J. Burton-Page and G. Michell - 9789047423652 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM via free access 180 documentation dgh outdoor prayer area used at ]d immbr hall used during Shia celebration during Muharram jal maT ir water pavilion jl perforated screen, often of stone jam at-khana community hall jawb “answer”; identical structure, as in the building imitating the mosque in the Taj Mahall jharn water cascade ka3ssana sloping back-rest in a porch or balcony kalaa pot-like nial of a dome or spire kangura battlement, crenellation karbala Shia burial ground, named in remembrance of the battle of Kerbala where Hussayn, the son of Al , was killed khnqh monastery, residential complex of a saint and his followers k tl citadel kund tank ll qila red fort l wn prayer hall of a mosque madrasa theological college ma4all hall or chamber ma4alla urban quarter maidn parade ground majlis-khna assembly hall maqbara tomb maT apa columned hall of a temple maT ir temple or pavilion manzil palace, mansion maqbara graveyard; tomb maqra screened area of a prayer hall of a mosque, generally at mezzanine level, intended for the ruler or other promi- nent \ gure and his entourage to pray in private masjid mosque mazr small wayside shrine merlon ornamental battlement midhana place for the call of prayer, minaret mihmn-khna guest house mi4rb niche in a prayer hall of a mosque, indicating the direction of Mecca J. Burton-Page and G. Michell - 9789047423652 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM via free access glossary 181 m nr minaret minbar stepped pulpit in the prayer hall of a mosque m r-i farsh ornamental weight to secure a cloth covering a tomb muqarnas stalactite vaulting or detail muall ] oor compartment in a mosque resembling a prayer- mat nahr canal namzgh place of prayer naubat-khna drum-house, usually above a gateway opus sectile inlaid stonework pietra dura technique of Italian origin of inlaying semiprecious stones into marble qabaristn graveyard qaisariyya market qnt mosque a mosque consisting of a qibla wall only qar fort, palace, residence qila fort qibla direction of Mecca; in India this is often due west rahat Persian wheel, used to raise water from a well rauza monumental tomb within an enclosure riwq side colonnades of a mosque sar caravanserai a4n courtyard of a mosque ikhara curved temple tower tahkhna underground chamber takht seat, throne tl, tl tank, lake taw dh gravestone thulth monumental calligraphic style, often used for Qurnic passages toraTa free-standing portal in temple architecture; adopted as a decorative feature in mosques and tombs vv step-well vihra Buddhist monastery zanna women’s apartment ziyrat tomb-shrine J. Burton-Page and G. Michell - 9789047423652 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM via free access ABBREVIATIONS OF JOURNALS AND MONOGRAPHIC SERIES AARP Art and Archaeology Research Papers AB Art Bulletin AI Ancient India AR Asiatick Researches Ar A Artibus Asiae Ars I Ars Islamica AR IE Annual Report, Indian Epigraphy ARADHS Annual Report, Archaeological Department, Hyderabad State ASBC Archaeological Survey, Bengal Circle ASI Archaeological Survey of India ASIR Archaeological Survey of India Reports ASI AR Archaeological Survey of India Annual Reports ASI NIS Archaeological Survey of India New Imperial Series ASWI Archaeological Survey of Western India BDC Bulletin of the Deccan College BSOAS Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies CHI Cambridge History of India EI Epigraphia Indica EI APS Epigraphia India, Arabic and Persian Supplement EIM Eipgraphia Indo Moslemica IA Indian Antiquary IC Islamic Culture IHQ Indian Historical Quarterly JA Journal of Antiquarians JAHS Journal of the Andhra Historical Society JASB (NS) Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (New Series) JASD Journal of the Archaeological Society of Delhi JBBRAS Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society JBORS Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Research Society JIA Journal of Indian Art JPHS Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society JPSI Journal of the Photographic Society of India JRAS Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society JUPHS Journal of the United Provinces Historical Society J. Burton-Page and G. Michell - 9789047423652 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM via free access 184 documentation KO Kunst des Orients MASI Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India NCHI New Cambridge History of India OA Oriental Art, New Series PA Pakistan Archaeology PQ Pakistan Quarterly TRIBA Transactions of the Royal Institute of British Architects J. Burton-Page and G. Michell - 9789047423652 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM via free access BIBLIOGRAPHY The following list has been complied from the individual bibliographies given for the different articles reproduced in this volume. A selection of monographs and reports published after John Burton-Page authored his various articles is included here so as to bring the bibliography up to date; these works are indicated by an asterisk. General Works Islamic Architecture in India Ahmad Khan, Sayyid, Athar al-Sanadid, Delhi 1847, 2nd ed. Delhi 1854, later liths. Lucknow 1876 and 1900, and Cawnpore 1904. *Al eri, B.M., Islamic architecture of the Indian subcontinent, London 2000. *Blair, S.S. and J.M. Bloom, The art and architecture of Islam, 1250–1800, Chapters 11 and 18, New Haven and London 1994. Briggs, M. S., M.S., “Muslim architecture in India,” in G.T. Garratt, ed., The legacy of India, Oxford 1937, 223–55. Brown, Percy, Monuments of the Mughal period, in CHI, Cambridge 1937, iv, 523–76. ——, Indian architecture (Islamic period), Bombay n.d. (1943?). Burton-Page, J., “A study of forti cation in the Indian subcontinent from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century A.D.,” BSOAS, 23 (1960), 516–22. ——, “Indo-Islamic architecture: a commentary on some false assumptions,” AARP, 6 (1974), 14–21. Cole, H.H., Preservation of national monuments. Report for . 1882–3, Calcutta 1883. Creswell, K.A.C., A bibliography of the architecture, arts and crafts of Islam to 1st Jan. 1960, Cairo 1961, 97–191 ——, *Supplement, Jan. 1960 to Jan. 1972, Cairo 1973, 23–34. ——, *Second supplement, Jan. 1972 to Dec. 1980, Cairo 1084, 53–63. Desai, Z.A., Indo-Islamic architecture, New Delhi 1970. ——, The mosques of India, New Delhi, 1971. *Dhama, B.L., Indian architecture, Jaipur n.d. Fergusson, J., History of Indian and eastern architecture, London 1876, revised and ed. by J. Burgess and R.P. Spiers, 2 vols., London 1910 (esp. ii, 186–335). Goetz, H., Arte dell’ India musulmana e correnti moderne, in Le civiltà dell’ Oriente, Rome 1962, 4, 780–882. Havell, E. B., Indian architecture its psychology, structure and history from the \ rst Muhammadan invasion . ., London 1913. *Hegewald, J., Water architecture in South Asia, Leiden 2002. Hoag, J.D., Islamic architecture, New York 1977, 280–307, 364–88. Jairazbhoy, R.A., An outline of Islamic architecture, London 1961. *Juneja, M., ed., Architecture in medieval India: Forms, contetxs, histories, Delhi 2001. *Khan, A.N., Islamic architecture in South Asia: Pakistan-India-Bangladesh, Karachi 2003. Kittoe, Markham, Illustrations of Indian architecture from the Muhammadan conquest down- wards . ., Calcutta 1838. La Roche, E., Indische baukunst, II. Teil, Moscheen und Grabmaker, Munich 1921. *Lambah, A.N. and A. Patel, eds., The architecture of the Indian Sultanates, Mumbai 2006. J. Burton-Page and G. Michell - 9789047423652 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 02:42:23PM via free access 186 documentation Marshall, J.H., The monuments of Muslim India, in CHI, Cambridge 1937, iii, 568–640. *Nath, R., History of sultanate architecture, New Delhi 1978. ——, *Islamic architecture and culture in India, New Delhi 1982. Piggott, S., Some ancient cities of India, Bombay 1945. Quraishi, M.H., List of ancient monuments protected . in Bihar and Orissa (= ASI NS, li), Calcutta 1931. Sharma, Y.D., “Islamic monuments,” in A. Ghosh, ed., Archaeological remains: monuments and museums, XXVI International Congress of Orientalists, Delhi 1964, ii, 241–328. *Shokoohy, M., “11th–16th centuries, Indo-Islamic architecture,” in The Dictionary of Art, J. Turner, ed., London and New York 1996, xv, 337–57. Smith, V.A., History of ne art in India and Ceylon . ., Oxford 1911, 391–420. *Merklinger, E.S., Sultanate architecture of pre-Mughal India, New Delhi 2005. Soundara Rajan, K.V., Islam builds in India (cultural study of Islamic architecture), Delhi 1983. *Tadgell, C., The History of Architecture in India, London 1990. Toy, S., The strongholds of India, London 1957. *Volwahsen, A., Living architecture: Islamic India, London 1970. Wheeler, Wheeler, R.E.M., Five thousand years of Pakistan, London 1950. ——, Splendours of the east, London 1965, 68–71.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lodi Garden-A Historical Detour
    Aditya Singh Rathod Subject: Soicial Science] [I.F. 5.761] Vol. 8, Issue: 6, June: 2020 International Journal of Research in Humanities & Soc. Sciences ISSN:(P) 2347-5404 ISSN:(O)2320 771X Lodi Garden-A Historical Detour ADITYA SINGH RATHOD Department of History University of Delhi, Delhi Lodi Garden, as a closed complex comprises of several architectural accomplishments such as tombs of Muhammad Shah and Sikandar Lodi, Bara Gumbad, Shish Gumbad (which is actually tomb of Bahlul Lodi), Athpula and many nameless mosque, however my field work primarily focuses upon the monuments constructed during the Lodi period. This term paper attempts to situate these monuments in the context of their socio-economic and political scenario through assistance of Waqiat-i-Mushtaqui and tries to traverse beyond the debate of sovereignty, which they have been confined within all these years. Village of Khairpur was the location of some of the tombs, mosques and other structures associated with the Lodi period, however in 1936; villagers were deported out of this space to lay the foundation of a closed campus named as Lady Willingdon Park, in the commemoration of erstwhile viceroy’s wife; later which was redesigned by eminent architect, J A Stein and was renamed as Lodi Garden in 1968. Its proximity to the Dargah of Shaykh Nizamuddin Auliya delineated Sufi jurisdiction over this space however, in due course of time it came under the Shia influence as Aliganj located nearby to it, houses monuments subscribing to this sect, such as Gateway of Old Karbala and Imambara; even the tomb of a powerful Shia Mughal governor i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Hindu Rock Monuments
    ISSN: 2455-2631 © November 2020 IJSDR | Volume 5, Issue 11 ANCIENT HINDU ROCK MONUMENTS, CONFIGURATION AND ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES OF AHILYA DEVI FORT OF HOLKAR DYNASTY, MAHISMATI REGION, MAHESHWAR, NARMADA VALLEY, CENTRAL INDIA Dr. H.D. DIWAN*, APARAJITA SHARMA**, Dr. S.S. BHADAURIA***, Dr. PRAVEEN KADWE***, Dr. D. SANYAL****, Dr. JYOTSANA SHARMA***** *Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur C.G. India. **Gurukul Mahila Mahavidyalaya Raipur, Pt. R.S.U. Raipur C.G. ***Govt. NPG College of Science, Raipur C.G. ****Architectural Dept., NIT, Raipur C.G. *****Gov. J. Yoganandam Chhattisgarh College, Raipur C.G. Abstract: Holkar Dynasty was established by Malhar Rao on 29th July 1732. Holkar belonging to Maratha clan of Dhangar origin. The Maheshwar lies in the North bank of Narmada river valley and well known Ancient town of Mahismati region. It had been capital of Maratha State. The fort was built by Great Maratha Queen Rajmata Ahilya Devi Holkar and her named in 1767 AD. Rani Ahliya Devi was a prolific builder and patron of Hindu Temple, monuments, Palaces in Maheshwar and Indore and throughout the Indian territory pilgrimages. Ahliya Devi Holkar ruled on the Indore State of Malwa Region, and changed the capital to Maheshwar in Narmada river bank. The study indicates that the Narmada river flows from East to west in a straight course through / lineament zone. The Fort had been constructed on the right bank (North Wards) of River. Geologically, the region is occupied by Basaltic Deccan lava flow rocks of multiple layers, belonging to Cretaceous in age. The river Narmada flows between Northwards Vindhyan hillocks and southwards Satpura hills.
    [Show full text]
  • Caravanserai
    THE CARAVANSERAI This game has been designed as an extension kit to the OUTREMER/CROISADES sister games. The kit includes a new map (The Caravanserai), new counters for camels, this set of rules and additional scenarios. When not specified, the default rules of CROISADES apply (movement point allowance, charge rules, etc.). Many thanks to Bob Gingell for proofing these rules and suggesting many valuable enhancements. The Caravanserai – version 1.0 - 1992/2004 1 Table of Contents 1 The Caravanserai Map ........................................................................................................3 1.1 Description ..................................................................................................................................................3 1.2 Flat roofs......................................................................................................................................................3 1.3 The Alep gate...............................................................................................................................................4 1.4 The walls......................................................................................................................................................4 1.5 Terrain Type Summary...............................................................................................................................5 2 Camels....................................................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study
    The Silk Roads: an ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 The Silk Roads An ICOMOS Thematic Study by Tim Williams on behalf of ICOMOS 2014 International Council of Monuments and Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94220 Charenton-le-Pont FRANCE ISBN 978-2-918086-12-3 © ICOMOS All rights reserved Contents STATES PARTIES COVERED BY THIS STUDY ......................................................................... X ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... XI 1 CONTEXT FOR THIS THEMATIC STUDY ........................................................................ 1 1.1 The purpose of the study ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to this study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Global Strategy ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Cultural routes ................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.3 Serial transnational World Heritage nominations of the Silk Roads .................................................. 3 1.2.4 Ittingen expert meeting 2010 ........................................................................................................... 3 2 THE SILK ROADS: BACKGROUND, DEFINITIONS
    [Show full text]
  • 21 Aug 2019 174051563XWO
    CONTENT LIST S. NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO. 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 2 2.0 INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT/ BACKGROUND INFORMATION 3-5 (i) IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT 3 (ii) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE OF THE PROJECT 4 (iii) NEED FOR THE PROJECT & ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY /REGION 4 (iv) DEMAND -SUPPLY 5 (v) DEMAND - SUPPLY GAP 5 (vi) EXPORT POSSIBILITY 5 (vii) DOMESTIC/EXPORT MARKETS 5 (viii) EMPLOYMENT GENERATION (DIRECT AND INDIRECT) DUE TO THE PROJECT 5 3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 6-15 TYPE OF PROJECT INCLUDING INTERLINKED AND INDEPENDENT PROJECTS, 6 (i) IF ANY LOCATION (MAP SHOWING GENERAL LOCATION, SPECIFIC LOCATION, AND 7 (ii) PROJECT BOUNDARY & PROJECT SITE LAYOUT) WITH COORDINATES (iii) DETAILS OF ALTERNATIVE SITE CONSIDERED 9 (iv) SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION 9 (v) PROJECT DESCRIPTION WITH PROCESS DETAILS 9 RAW MATERIAL REQUIRED ALONG WITH ESTIMATED QUANTITY, LIKELY 14 (vi) SOURCE, MARKETING AREA OF FINAL PRODUCTS, MODE OF TRANSPORT OF RAW MATERIAL AND FINISHED PRODUCT RESOURCES OPTIMIZATION/ RECYCLING AND REUSE ENVISAGED IN THE 14 (vii) PROJECT, IF ANY, SHOULD BE BRIEFLY OUTLINED AVAILABILITY OF WATER ITS SOURCE, ENERGY /POWER REQUIREMENT AND 14 (viii) SOURCE QUANTITY OF WASTE TO BE GENERATED (LIQUID AND SOLID) AND SCHEME 15 (ix) FOR THEIR MANAGEMENT/DISPOSAL 4.0 SITE ANALYSIS 15 -19 (i) CONNECTIVITY 15 (ii) LAND FORM, LAND USE AND LAND OWNERSHIP 16 (iii) TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 16 EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN {AGRICULTURE, NON -AGRICULTURE, FOREST, 16 WATER BODIES (INCLUDING AREA UNDER CRZ)}, SHORTEST DISTANCES (iv) FROM THE PERIPHERY OF THE PROJECT TO PERIPHERY OF THE FORESTS, NATIONAL PARK, WILD LIFE SANCTUARY, ECO SENSITIVE AREAS, WATER i S.
    [Show full text]
  • Zero Carbon & Low Energy Housing; Comparative Analysis of Two
    World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Civil, Structural, Construction and Architectural Engineering Vol:8, No:7, 2014 Zero Carbon & Low Energy Housing; Comparative Analysis of Two Persian Vernacular Architectural Solutions to Increase Energy Efficiency N. Poorang II. CLIMATE OF IRAN Abstract—In order to respond the human needs, all regional, As it was mentioned the climate of Iran is varied according social, and economical factors are available to gain residents’ comfort to the vast geographical locations, Fig. 1. Iran is basically and ideal architecture. There is no doubt the thermal comfort has to satisfy people not only for daily and physical activities but also divided into four climatic regions: creating pleasant area for mental activities and relaxing. It costs • Mild – Humid Climate energy and increases greenhouse gas emissions. • Cold Climate Reducing energy use in buildings is a critical component of • Hot – Humid Climate meeting carbon reduction commitments. Hence housing design • Hot – Arid Climate [1]. represents a major opportunity to cut energy use and CO2 emissions. In terms of energy efficiency, it is vital to propose and research Hot-arid Climate prevails in most parts of the central modern design methods for buildings however vernacular Iranian plateau, it receives almost no rain for at least six architecture techniques are proven empirical existing practices which month of a year, and hence it is very dry and hot. In this have to be considered. This research tries to compare two climate, summer is very hot and dry and winter is very cold architectural solution were proposed by Persian vernacular and hard.
    [Show full text]
  • Sacralizing the City: the Begums of Bhopal and Their Mosques
    DOI: 10.15415/cs.2014.12007 Sacralizing the City: The Begums of Bhopal and their Mosques Jyoti Pandey Sharma Abstract Princely building ventures in post 1857 colonial India included, among others, construction of religious buildings, even as their patrons enthusiastically pursued the colonial modernist agenda. This paper examines the architectural patronage of the Bhopal Begums, the women rulers of Bhopal State, who raised three grand mosques in their capital, Bhopal, in the 19th and early 20th century. As Bhopal marched on the road to progress under the Begums’ patronage, the mosques heralded the presence of Islam in the city in the post uprising scenario where both Muslims and mosques were subjected to retribution for fomenting the 1857 insurrection. Bhopal’s mosques were not only sacred sites for the devout but also impacted the public realm of the city. Their construction drew significantly on the Mughal architectural archetype, thus affording the Begums an opportunity to assert themselves, via their mosques, as legitimate inheritors of the Mughal legacy, including taking charge of the latter’s legacy of stewardship of Islam. Today, the Bhopal mosques constitute an integral part of the city’s built heritage corpus. It is worth underscoring that they are not only important symbols of the Muslim faith but also markers of their patrons’ endeavour to position themselves at the forefront in the complex political and cultural scenario of post uprising colonial India. Keywords Bhopal Begums; Modernity; Mosques; Mughal legacy; Uprising INTRODUCTION The architecture of British ruled Indian Subcontinent has been a popular subject of scholarship from the colonial perspective with the architectural patronage of princely India also receiving due academic attention1.
    [Show full text]
  • I. Mehrauli 1
    List of Masjids in Delhi which was built by destroying Hindu temples LIST OF HINDU TEMPLES DESTROYED AND CONVERTED TO MOSQUES IN DELHI BY MUSLIMS We give below, state-wise and district-wise, the particulars of Muslim monuments which stand on the sites and/or have been built with the materials of Hindu temples, and which we wish to recall as witnesses to the role of Islam as a religion and the character of Muslim rule in medieval India. The list is the result of a preliminary survey. Many more Muslim monuments await examination. Local traditions which have so far been ignored or neglected have to be tapped on a large scale. We have tried our best to be exact in respect of locations, names and dates of the monuments mentioned. Even so, some mistakes and confusions may have remained. It is not unoften that different sources provide different dates and names for the same monument. Many Muslim saints are known by several names, which create confusion in identifying their mazars or dargahs. Some districts have been renamed or newly, created and a place which was earlier under one district may have been included in another. We shall be grateful to readers who point out these mistakes so that they can be corrected in our major study. This is only a brief summary. Sita Ram Goel It should be kept in mind that the list below doesn’t include all the temples destroyed by Muslims and which were converted to mosques. The below is the list of mosques and Darghas where evidences exists of having been made after destroying the temples at these locations.
    [Show full text]
  • Download List of Famous Mosques in India
    Famous Palaces in India Revised on 16-May-2018 ` Railways RRB Study Material (Download PDF) Mosque Location Jama Masjid (Bhilai) Bhilai, Chhattisgarh Jama Masjid Delhi Quwwatul Islam Masjid Delhi Moti Masjid (Red Fort) Delhi Quwwatul Islam Masjid Delhi Jamali Kamali Mosque and Tomb Delhi Sidi Sayyid Mosque Ahmedabad, Gujarat Sidi Bashir Mosque Ahmedabad, Gujarat Jamia Masjid Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir Hazratbal Shrine Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir Download Fathers of various fields in Science and Technology PDF Taj-ul-Masajid Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh Haji Ali Dargah Mumbai, Maharashtra Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra Ajmer, Rajasthan Ajmer Sharif Dargah Ajmer, Rajasthan Makkah Masjid Hyderabad, Telangana Gyanvapi Mosque Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh Moti Masjid (Agra Fort) Agra, Uttar Pradesh Nagina Masjid Agra, Uttar Pradesh (Gem Mosque or the Jewel Mosque) Jama Mosque (Fatehpur Sikri) Agra, Uttar Pradesh IBPS PO Free Mock Test 2 / 6 Railways RRB Study Material (Download PDF) Mosque Location Tomb of Salim Chishti Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh Bara Imambara Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Chota Imambara Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Beemapally Mosque Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala Cheraman Juma Mosque Thrissur, Kerala Other Places of Interest Tombs/ Mausoleums Location Taj Mahal Agra, Uttar Pradesh Tomb of Mariam-uz-Zamani Sikandra, Agra, Uttar Pradesh Tomb of Adam Khan Qutub Minar, Mehrauli, Delhi Bibi Ka Maqbara (Taj of Deccan) Aurangabad, Maharashtra *Humayun’s Tomb Delhi Download Modern India History Notes PDF Tomb of I'timād-ud-Daulah Agra, Uttar Pradesh (Baby Taj) Tomb of
    [Show full text]
  • UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Texts, Tombs and Memory: The Migration, Settlement and Formation of a Learned Muslim Community in Fifteenth-Century Gujarat Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89q3t1s0 Author Balachandran, Jyoti Gulati Publication Date 2012 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Texts, Tombs and Memory: The Migration, Settlement, and Formation of a Learned Muslim Community in Fifteenth-Century Gujarat A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Jyoti Gulati Balachandran 2012 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Texts, Tombs and Memory: The Migration, Settlement, and Formation of a Learned Muslim Community in Fifteenth-Century Gujarat by Jyoti Gulati Balachandran Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2012 Professor Sanjay Subrahmanyam, Chair This dissertation examines the processes through which a regional community of learned Muslim men – religious scholars, teachers, spiritual masters and others involved in the transmission of religious knowledge – emerged in the central plains of eastern Gujarat in the fifteenth century, a period marked by the formation and expansion of the Gujarat sultanate (c. 1407-1572). Many members of this community shared a history of migration into Gujarat from the southern Arabian Peninsula, north Africa, Iran, Central Asia and the neighboring territories of the Indian subcontinent. I analyze two key aspects related to the making of a community of ii learned Muslim men in the fifteenth century - the production of a variety of texts in Persian and Arabic by learned Muslims and the construction of tomb shrines sponsored by the sultans of Gujarat.
    [Show full text]
  • Sayyid Dynasty
    SAYYID DYNASTY The Sayyid dynasty was the fourth dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, with four rulers ruling from 1414 to 1451. Founded by Khizr Khan, a former governor of Multan, they succeeded the Tughlaq dynasty and ruled the sultanate until they were displaced by the Lodi dynasty. Khizr Khan (1414- 1421 A.D.) He was the founder of Sayyid Dynasty He did not swear any royal title. He was the Governor of Multan. He took advantage of the disordered situation in India after Timur’s invasion. In 1414 A.D. he occupied the throne of Delhi. He brought parts of Surat, Dilapur, and Punjab under his control. But he lost Bengal, Deccan, Gujarat, Jaunpur, Khandesh and Malwa. In 1421 he died. Mubarak Shah, Khizr Khan’s son succeeded him. Mubarak Shah (1421-1434 A.D.) He was the son of Khizr Khan who got Khutba read on his name and issued his own coins. He did not accept the suzerainty of any foreign power. He was the ablest ruler of the dynasty. He subdued the rebellion at Bhatinda and Daob and the revolt by Khokhars Chief Jasrat. He patronised Vahiya Bin Ahmad Sarhind, author of Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi. Mubarak Shah was succeeded by two incompetent rulers, Muhammad Shah (AD 1434- 1445) and Alauddin Alam Shah (AD 1445-1450). Most of the provincial kingdoms declared their independence. Hence, Alam Shah surrendered the throne and retired in an inglorious manner to Baduan. Finally Bahlol Lodhi captured the throne of Delhi with the support of Wazir Khan. Muhammad Shah (1434-1445 A.D.) He defeated the ruler of Malwa with the help of Bahlul Lodi, the Governor of Lahore.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fractal Shapes in Islamic Design & Its Effects on the Occupiers of The
    مجلة العمارة والفنون والعلوم اﻻنسانية – عدد خاص اكتوبر 2020 The Fractal shapes in Islamic design & its effects on the occupiers of the interior environment (case study: El Sultan Hassan mosque in Cairo) Assist. Prof. Dr. Doaa Ismail Ismail Attia Assistant Professor of Interior Design and Furniture, Faculty of Applied Art, Benha University, Benha, Egypt. [email protected] Abstract: The Islamic civilization are distinct for using the art of geometry in their creative designs. In the early Islamic period, designs used simple forms like square shape, gradually more geometrical transformations are applied such as; shapes subtraction, addition, subdivisions, branching and rotation. The aim of this study is to show that the fractal geometrical shape, with the feature “self-similarity, infinite number of iterations for shapes with reducing scale, in finite region ”is one of the most influential elements in the Islamic design and consequently has its beneficial effects on the occupiers of Islamic interior environment. This study analyzed the existence of fractal shapes in the Islamic design with finite number of iterations since the old centuries through analyzing El Sultan Hassan mosque in Cairo, Egypt (1356-1362) as a case study. The fractal shapes are used in the Islamic design of the walls, ceiling, doors, domes and floors. The study also suggested a new contemporary Islamic golden and non-golden fractal shapes with large number of iterations to be generated by using the computer technology that can be used in the interior design. The Islamic fractal design acts as a strong stimulus to the brain generating strong emotions in very short time.
    [Show full text]