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Decent Work and Economic Growth Transitioning to DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH Philipp Aerni, Marianthe Stavridou and Isabelle Schluep (Eds.) Transitioning to Decent Work and Economic Growth Transitioning to Sustainability Series: Volume 8 Series Editor: Manfred Max Bergman Volumes in the series: Volume 1: Transitioning to No Poverty Volume 10: Transitioning to Reduced ISBN 978-3-03897-860-2 (Hbk); Inequalities ISBN 978-3-03897-861-9 (PDF) ISBN 978-3-03921-160-9 (Hbk); ISBN 978-3-03921-161-6 (PDF) Volume 2: Transitioning to Zero Hunger ISBN 978-3-03897-862-6 (Hbk); Volume 11: Transitioning to Sustainable ISBN 978-3-03897-863-3 (PDF) Cities and Communities ISBN 978-3-03897-870-1 (Hbk); Volume 3: Transitioning to Good Health ISBN 978-3-03897-871-8 (PDF) and Well-Being ISBN 978-3-03897-864-0 (Hbk); Volume 12: Transitioning to Responsible ISBN 978-3-03897-865-7 (PDF) Consumption and Production ISBN 978-3-03897-872-5 (Hbk); Volume 4: Transitioning to Quality ISBN 978-3-03897-873-2 (PDF) Education ISBN 978-3-03897-892-3 (Hbk); Volume 13: Transitioning to Climate Action ISBN 978-3-03897-893-0 (PDF) ISBN 978-3-03897-874-9 (Hbk); ISBN 978-3-03897-875-6 (PDF) Volume 5: Transitioning to Gender Equality ISBN 978-3-03897-866-4 (Hbk); Volume 14: Transitioning to Sustainable ISBN 978-3-03897-867-1 (PDF) Life below Water ISBN 978-3-03897-876-3 (Hbk); Volume 6: Transitioning to Clean Water ISBN 978-3-03897-877-0 (PDF) and Sanitation ISBN 978-3-03897-774-2 (Hbk); Volume 15: Transitioning to Sustainable ISBN 978-3-03897-775-9 (PDF) Life on Land ISBN 978-3-03897-878-7 (Hbk); Volume 7: Transitioning to Affordable and ISBN 978-3-03897-879-4 (PDF) Clean Energy ISBN 978-3-03897-776-6 (Hbk); Volume 16: Transitioning to Peace, Justice ISBN 978-3-03897-777-3 (PDF) and Strong Institutions ISBN 978-3-03897-880-0 (Hbk); Volume 8: Transitioning to Decent Work ISBN 978-3-03897-881-7 (PDF) and Economic Growth ISBN 978-3-03897-778-0 (Hbk); Volume 17: Transitioning to Strong ISBN 978-3-03897-779-7 (PDF) Partnerships for the Sustainable Development Goals Volume 9: Transitioning to Sustainable ISBN 978-3-03897-882-4 (Hbk); Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure ISBN 978-3-03897-883-1 (PDF) ISBN 978-3-03897-868-8 (Hbk); ISBN 978-3-03897-869-5 (PDF) Philipp Aerni, Marianthe Stavridou and Isabelle Schluep (Eds.) Transitioning to Decent Work and Economic Growth Transitioning to Sustainability Series MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tianjin •Tokyo • Cluj EDITORS EDITORIAL OFFICE Philipp Aerni, Marianthe Stavridou MDPI and Isabelle Schluep St. Alban-Anlage 66 Center for Corporate Responsibility and 4052 Basel Sustainability (CCRS); Switzerland University of Zurich, Switzerland For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated below: Author 1, and Author 2. 2021. Chapter Title. In Transitioning to Decent Work and Economic Growth. Edited by Philipp Aerni, Marianthe Stavridou and Isabelle Schluep. Transitioning to Sustainability Series 8. Basel: MDPI, Page Range. Published with the generous support of the Swiss National Science Foundation. © 2021 by the authors. Chapters in this volume are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider ISBN 978-3-03897-778-0 (Hbk) impact of our publications. ISBN 978-3-03897-779-7 (PDF) The book taken as a whole is © 2021 MDPI ISSN: 2624-9324 (Print) under the terms and conditions of the ISSN: 2624-9332 (Online) Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. doi:10.3390/books978-3-03897-779-7 Contents About the Editor vi Contributors viii Abstracts x 1 Preface to Transitioning to Decent Work and Economic Growth 1 ISABELLE SCHLUEP, PHILIPP AERNI AND MARIANTHE STAVRIDOU 2 Economic Development and Cultural Change: 9 The Role of Multinational Enterprises in Mexico’s Emerging Dual Economy (1970s to 2000s) ALEX GERTSCHEN 3 Challenges for the Host Society—Human Trafficking, Slavery and 39 Abuse in the Work Context MARIA ELO AND ARLA JUNTUNEN 4 “Business as Part of the Solution”: 67 SDG 8 Challenges Popular Views in the Global Sustainability Discourse PHILIPP AERNI 5 Memories of a Practitioner: 103 Ciba-Geigy Crop Protection Activities in Indonesia in the 1980s, an Example of Local Embeddedness DINO SOZZI 6 Multilevel Sustainability Tensions of MNEs in Developing Countries 123 LIA FERRINI 7 Agriculture in the Face of Climate Change: 147 Sustained and Inclusive Economic Growth as a Prerequisite for Sustainable Development ROMANO DE VIVO, ETTORE CAPRI, HENRI RUEFF, ANTONIO GAUDIOSO, ALEXANDRU MARCHIS, AND GIANPIERO MENZA 8 Employment Gender Gap in the Renewable Energy Sector 169 SUMON VANGCHUAY AND AMANDA NIKLAUS 9 “Me muess d’Lüt neh wie si sy—Anderi gits e keini”. 205 Decent Work and Sustainable Development for the 21st Century. The Case of Wyon AG in Switzerland MARIANTHE STAVRIDOU iv v About the Editors Philipp Aerni is Director of the Center for Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability (CCRS) at the University of Zurich. He is an interdisciplinary social scientist with a Master’s Degree in Geography and a PhD in Agricultural Economics. During his postdoctoral research in public policy, he focused on the role of science, technology, and innovation for sustainable development, with a particular interest in the institutional framework conditions that enable effective public–private partnerships to become drivers of sustainable change. Prior to his position at CCRS, Dr. Aerni worked at Harvard University, ETH Zurich, and the University of Berne, as well as the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO). He currently teaches at ETH Zurich, the University of Zurich and the University of Basel. His team at CCRS closely works with partners in academia, government, civil society and business in Switzerland and abroad on practice- oriented and interdisciplinary research projects related to sustainable change in business and society. Marianthe Stavridou is Head of Business Ethics at CCRS. She studied Linguistics and History at the University of Bern (Switzerland), Sociology and Law in Milan and Rome (Italy) and Corporate Communications and Sustainable Finance at the University of Zurich (Switzerland). Prior to CCRS, she worked in different institutes, think tanks and the private sector. Her research interests include social resilience, migration, entrepreneurship, inclusive growth, SMEs, the SDGs, and business ethics. Isabelle Schluep is head of the sustainable impact research group at the Center for Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability (CCRS) at the University of Zurich. Her areas of expertise include international trade, public policy, development, food and agriculture. Isabelle conducts interdisciplinary research and develops tools together with industry partners to measure the sustainability performance of companies. vi vii Contributors ALEX GERTSCHEN ISABELLE SCHLUEP Dr., Center for Global Studies, University of Center for Corporate Responsibility and Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Sustainability (CCRS) at the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ALEXANDRU MARCHIS Dr., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore LIA FERRINI (UCSC), Piacenza, Italy. University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. AMANDA NIKLAUS MARIA ELO Renewable Energy Risk Management Professor Dr., Department of Marketing Advisory, PEXAPARK, Schlieren, and Management, University of Southern Switzerland. Denmark Odense, Denmark; Belt and Road Institute of International Business, ANTONIO GAUDIOSO School of Economics, Shanghai University, Cittadinanzattiva, Rome, Italy. Shanghai, China; Turku School of Economics, University of Turku, Turku, ARLA JUNTUNEN Finland. Dr., Independent researcher. MARIANTHE STAVRIDOU DINO SOZZI Center for Corporate Responsibility and Dr., No affiliation. Sustainability (CCRS) at the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ETTORE CAPRI Dr., European Observatory on Sustainable PHILIPP AERNI Development (OPERA), UCSC, Piacenza, Dr., Center for Corporate Responsibility Italy. and Sustainability (CCRS), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. GIANPIERO MENZA Dr., Alliance Bioversity International – ROMANO DE VIVO CIAT (CGIAR), Maccarese, Italy. Center for Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability (CCRS) at the University of HENRI RUEFF Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland. Centre for Development and Environment (CDE) at the University of Bern, Yangon, SUMON VANGCHUAY Myanmar. Dr., UN Representative (Geneva, Switzerland), Pan Pacific and Southeast Asia Women’s Association (PPSEAWA), Bangkok, Thailand. viii ix Abstracts Preface to Transitioning to Decent Work and Economic Growth by Isabelle Schluep, Philipp Aerni and Marianthe Stavridou In the preface of the book on SDG 8, Isabelle Schluep, Philipp Aerni and Marianthe Stavridou introduce the reader to decent work and economic growth by discussing the development of the Sustainable Development Goals in the aftermath of the Millennium Development Goals and the efforts made by the international community to provide the economy with a more equal and inclusive perspective. In the second part of the preface, the authors present the chapters of the book. Economic Development and Cultural Change: The Role of Multinational Enterprises in Mexico’s Emerging Dual Economy (1970s to 2000s) by Alex Gertschen This article focuses on multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Mexico between the 1970s and the 2000s. From a business and economic history perspective, it depicts the MNEs’
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