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Alain BERTRAND PALADILHIA JAMBLVSSENIS Docl/mellts MalacologifJlIes (2003) 4: 37-39. PALADILHIA JAMBLUSSENIS (GASTROPODA: MOITESlERllDAE) ESPECE NOUVELLE DU QUERCY (FRANCE) Alain BERTRAND Laboratoire de Moulis. f-09200 MOULIS PALADILHIA JAMBLVSSENIS (GASTROPODA: MOITESIERIIDAE) A NEW SPECIES FOR THE QUERCY (SOUTH-WEST OF FRANCE) Résumé - Pa/adilhia? jamb/lfssellsis sp. nov. est décrite Abstract - Pa/adilhia ? jamb/ussellsis sp. nov. is à partir de spécimens provenant de deux réseaux described from the specimens found in two karstic karstiques des Causses du Quercy. L'appartenance au l1etworks of the Causses du Quercy. TIle affiliation to genre Pa/adi/hia est discutée en comparaison aux genres the gemls Pa/adi/hia is discussed by comparîson to the Pa/acanlhi/iopsis et Pa/aospel/m. genera Pa/acml1hi/iopsis and Pa/aospe1l11l. Mots-clés - Pa/adi/hia? jamb/ussellis sp. nov, KeYIVords Pa/adi/hiajamb/ussenis sp. nov, Moitessieriidae, systématique, Quercy, France. Moitessieriidae, systematic, Quercy, France. INTRODUCTION Les mollusques stygobies de la faune de Frauce appartiellllent à deux familles, les Moitessieriidae BOURGUIGNAT, 1863 et les Hydrobiidae TROSCHEL, 1857, dont les limites sont encore mal cernées et qui font l'objet d'interprétations différeutes voire divergeutes selou les auteurs (voir par exemple Boeters 1998, Boeters 2003 et Wilke el al. 2001). Plus de 70 taxons sont présents en France contiuentales dont plus de la moitié a été décrite au cours des trente demières années. On notera également que près d'une vingtaine des espèces attribuées à l'une ou l'autre de ces deux familles n'ont jamais encore été récoltées vivantes et il convient de ne pas exclure qu'ils s'agissent de formes fossiles. Si les Pyrénées et surtout la bordure snd et sud-est du Massif Central coustituent les principaux centres de spéciation pour ces\espèces, toutes les régions karstiques de France abritent une ou quelques espèces. Les Causses du centre et de l'ouest du Massif Central ont fait l'objet de peu de recherches et seules quelques rares espèces y sont mentionnées: Moifessieria rolandiana BOURGUIGNAT, 1863, M. simoniana (SAINT-SIMON, 1848) et ls/amia? moquiniana (Dupuy, 1851); ce denlÎer nom regroupe plusieurs plusieurs formes dont la signification biologique reste à préciser. Les mentions du Lot de Paladilhia plellrolollla BOURGUIGNAT, 1865 et de Palacanthiliospsis vervieri BERNASCONl 1988, tout connne celles de Herallitiella exilis (PALADILHE, 1867) (Bertrand 1999 et R. Bernasconi in litt.) de l'Aveyron, si l'on est bien certain de l'identification des spécimens, pourrait être le résulats de pollution des échantillons avec du matériel provenant d'autres stations; ce type de désagréments est difficile à éliminer totalement lorsque l'on utilise du matériel come la pompe Bou-Rouch ou des filets de phréatobiologiqnes. Les récentes recherches, bien que peu développées au regard de la taille des régions karstiques concenlées (des grands Causses aveyrOlUlais et lozériens à ceux du Quercy) ont pennis de collecter du matériel plus ou moins abondant, et une nouvelle espèce attribuée provisoirement au genre Paladilhia BOURGUIGNAT, 1865 est décrite. PALADILHIA JAMBLVSSENSIS ESPECE NOUVELLE. MATERIEL TYPE - Holotype: Col. Laboratoire de Moulis, Grotte de Jamblusse, Saillac Tam-et­ GarOlme, 27.01.1985, B. Lebreton leg. exemplaire métallisé. Paratypes : 1 ex. Col. A. Bertrand, Grotte de Jambluse, Tam-et-Garonne, 27.01.1985, B. Lebreton leg.; 4 ex. (3 ad., 1 juv.), Col. A. Bertrand, Résurgence de Crégols, Lot, 16.11.2002, 1. Breil-Monbayed leg. ; 8 ex. (4 métallisés), Col. A. Bertrand, Résurgence de Crégols, Lot, 16.11.2002 ; 3 ex. Col. H. Girardi, Résurgence de Crégols, Lot, 16.11.2002. AUTRE MATERIEL EXAMINE - 29 ex. (28 adultes + 1 juvénile) Col. A. Bertrand, Résurgence de Crégols, 4-10-2003 ; avec P. jamblussensis, ont été récoltées à Crégols les espèces suivantes: Moifessieria rolandiana (BOURGUIGNAT 1863), Bylhinella cf. elllrepha (PALADILHE 1867) et lslalllia sp ; aucune autre espèce ne m'a été conununiquée de la grotte de Jamblusse. DIAGNOSE - (voir figure 1) Coquille conique, 5 y, - 6 Y, tours séparés par une suture profonde; hauteur: 2,4 - 3,6 ll1Il1 ; diamètre: 1,4 - 1,7 mm ; dernier tour: 45 - 55 % de la hauteur totale; spire à sonunet obtu. Ouverture large, plus ou moins pyrifonne, auriculée, à labre sinué, la base nettement projetée vers l'avant. Protoconche lisse avec des striations spirales recoupant des stries transverses © 2003 Etl/de et Conservation des Mollusques COlltinentallx .BertralUl, A. présentes sur toute la coquille (fig. 1 B et H) parfois très atténuées ou absenle (fig. 1G) ; les stries spirales sont au nombre de 10-12 par nuu. La coquille est vitreuse translucide fragile devenant opaque. Description de l'Holotype - Identique à la diagnose de l'espèce, mais hauteur = 2,8 nun et diamètre = 1,4 mm. ANAT01\fiE - Inconnue. OPERCULE - IncolUlU. ETYMOLOGIE - de Jamblusse, localilé de récolte de l'holotype située dans le Tam-el-GarolUle. Bien que cette espèce n'ait pas été récoltée vivante, il est probable qu'il ne s'agisse pas d'une espèce fossile; en effet bon nombre des coquilles étudiées sont translucides et semblent correspondre à des spécimens vivants peu de temps avant la récolte. L'appartenance de P. jamblussensis au genre Paladilhia, comme il a été dit plus haut, reste à confinuer par l'étude de spécimens vivants. Trois genres sont conchyliologiquement proche de J'espèce décrite: Paladilhia, Palacanlhi/iopsis BERNASCONI, 1988 et Palaopselllll BOETERS, 1999. Selon Boeters (1998 et 2003) Paladi/hia et Palaopselllll appartielUlent à la famille des Moitessieriidae et Palacanlhi/iopsis à la famille des Hydrobiidae. Les stries spirales présentes chez P. jamblussenis ne semblent jamais avoir été observées chez les autres espèces du genre Paladilhia. Par contre, elles sont présentes chez Palacantilhiopsis. Bernasconi (1988) base en outre sa description du genre sur l'anatomie des spécimens éhldiés, ainsi que sur la présence d'un crochet caractéristique sur la face interne de l'opercule. Boeters (1999), différencie le genre Palaospelllll - qu'il a créé pour l'espèce du Pays-Basqne français, P. bessoni (BERNASCONI 1999), que Bemasconi avait attribué au genre Paladi/hia - sur les caractères suivants: 1 - biogéographiques (le genre Paladi/Ma esl localisé au bas bassin de Rhône et à ceux des petits fleuves côtiers, Vidourle et Lez) ; 2 - conchyliologiques, la coquille de Paladi/hia a des tours plus convexes et l'ouverture est plus nettement sinuée ; 3 - anatomique avec notamment la présence d'un tentacule paléal chez Paladi/hia absnet chez Palaospelllll (pour une vision plus large du genre Paladi/hia voir également Bodon et Giusti 1991, Boeters 1971, Boeters et Falkner 2003). REl\IERCŒl\ŒNTS - Jean Pierre BESSON m'a transmis les coquilles récoltées par Bemard LEBRETON à Jamblusse ; Joêl BREiL m'a transmis les premiers spécimens récoltés à la résurgence de Crégols; Emile Vial m'a aidé à la traduction de documents en langue allemande. BmLIOGRAPHIE BERNASCONl, R. (1988) : Palacallthilhiopsis vervie,.i; BOETERS, H. D. (1998) : Mollnsc. : G.stropd. : n. gen. ll. sp., et autres Hydrobiidés (Mollusca, Rissoidea. SUBwasserfalUla von Mitteleuropa 5 11-2. Prosobrallchia) des eaux souterraines des Gorges 76 pp. de l'Ardèche (dpt Gard, France). - Rer. suisse BOETERS, H. D. (1999) : Unknown West European Zool., 95 : 289·295. Prosobranchia, 10. Palaospellm n. gen. (Gastropoda: BERNASCONJ. R. (1999) : Paladilhia besson; n. sp. Prosobranchia : Moitessieriidae). - Basteria, 63 : (Gastropada, Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae) des 193-197. eaux souterraines karstiques de la Haute Soule BOETERS, H. D. (2003) : Supplementary notes on (Pyrénées Atlantiques, France). - Rev. SI/isse Moitessieriidae and Hydrobiidae from the Iberian Zool., 106: 385-392. Peninslila (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda). BERTRAND, A. (1999): Les mollusques terrestres et Basteria, 67 : 1-41. aquatiques de Midi-Pyrénées. Répartition - Statut ­ BOETERS, H.D. et FALKNER, G. (2003) : Unbek.nnle Conservation. T.I, 2, 3 et 4. Laboratoire westellrpaische Prosobranchia, 14. Neue und aite Souterrain, Moulis et DIREN Midi-Pyrénées, GnUldewasserscllllecken aus Frallkreich (Gastropoda : Rapport inédit, pagination multiple. Moitessieridae et Hydrobiidae). - Heldia, 5 : 7-18. BODON, M. ET GIUSTI, F. (1991): TIle gelltlS Planche 2-5 ; 6•. Moitessieria in the Island of Sardinia and in Italy. WILKE, T., DAVIS, G.M., FALNlOWSKI, A., GruSTI, F., New data on the systematics of Moitessier;a and BODON, M., SZAROWSKA, M. (2001): Molecul.r Patadi/Ilia (prosobranchia : Hydrobiidae) (Studies systematics of Hydrobiidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: on the Sardinian and Corsican Malacofauna, lX). Rissoidea): Testing monophyly and phylogenetic - Malac%gia, 33 : 1-30. relationships. - Proceedi"g 0/ lhe Academy 0/ BOETERS, H. D. (1971) : Iglica pezzolii n. sp. und ein Naluml Sciences o/Philadelphia, 151 : 1-21. neues Merkmal zur Unterscheidung zwischen BythiospeulII lUld Paladilhia (Prosobranchia, Hydrobiidae). -Arch Moll., 101: 169-173. 38 Documents Malacologiljlles (2003) 4 : 37-39. Pa/at/i1l1ia ? jawb/Ilssellsis sp. nov.. Figure 1 : Paladilhia ? jamblussellis sp. nov. A, B: Holotype ; B: dernier tom de l'holotype ; C-H: paratypes, resurgence de Cregols. Echelle: A, C. D, E, F: 500 Jllll; G. H: 50 Jlrn; B.: 5 ~un. Photographies: A. BERTRAND. Documents Ma/ncologiqlles (2003)": 37-39. 39.
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