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Andrew Stepp | OT Prophets Andrew Stepp | OT Prophets Pre-Exilic Pre-Exilic Exilic Post Exilic (Israel) (Judah) Jonah Isaiah Lamentations Haggai Amos Micah Ezekiel Joel (?) Hosea Nahum Daniel Zechariah Habakkuk Obadiah (?) Malachi Zephaniah Jeremiah Judah had a big good luck charm! (Jer. 7:2-11) . 2 Ki 21:1-18 King Mannasseh (55 years) . 21:19-26 King Amon (2 years) . 22-32:30 King Josiah (31 years) Prophesied . 23: 31-35 King Jehoahaz (3 months!!) Jeremiah . 23:36-24: 7 King Jehoiakim (11 years) . 24:8-17 King Jehoiachin (3 months & 10 days!) . 24:18-20 King Zedekiah (11 years) . 25:1-26 Jerusalem Falls (586 BC) . Jeremiah begins prophesying 5 years before Josiah’s reform in 627 . Josiah’s reform (622) . Nineveh and Assyria's fall to Babylon (612) . Josiah is killed by Neco of Egypt (609) . Jehoahaz replaced by Jehoiakim per Pharaoh Neco (609) . Nebuchadnezzar defeats Egypt and Assyria; first wave of Jews deported to Babylon, including Daniel. (605) . Jehoiakim rebels against Babylon (601) . 2nd deportation by Babylon; Ezekiel and 10,000 others taken (598) . Fall of Jerusalem; Gedaliah appointed as governor and assassinated; refugees flee to Egypt, including Jeremiah. 3rd deportation (586) Obadiah writes as a result of this. Born right before Josiah’s reforms, is exiled around 25 years old. Deported with King Jehoiachin in 597 BC with the second wave of captives . His call comes 5 years later . Prophecies from 593-571 – the most turbulent years in Jerusalem’s history . A younger contemporary of Jeremiah . Notice he speak in prose instead of poetry. “Reading Ezekiel is like entering a verbal picture book” I. Ch. 1-24: Oracles from the 5 years leading up to the siege of Jerusalem that began in 588 II. Ch. 25-32: Oracles against the surrounding nations (…except Babylon!) III. Ch. 33-48: Oracles of hope for the future I. God’s wrath against Israel for their idolatry II. His sovereignty over the nations bringing them to justice III. His mercy and compassion on his people . Arresting Imagery and Performance Artistry . Ch. 4-5 – Siege of Jerusalem Demonstration . Ch. 12 – The Exile Demonstration . Ch. 15 – Jerusalem is a useless vine . Ch. 16 – Unfaithful like a prostitute . Ch. 22 – Jerusalem, the City of Bloodshed . Ch. 23 – A Tale of Two Prostitutes (Samaria and Jerusalem) . Ch. 24 – The Cooking Pot . Idolatry, idolatry, idolatry!!! (Ch. 6,8,9,14,20) . False Prophets (Ch. 13) . The Glory Departs from the Temple (Ch. 10) “Thus says the Lord God: I will profane my sanctuary, the pride of your power, the delight of your eyes, and your heart’s desire; and your sons and your daughters whom you left behind shall fall by the sword…” 24:21 . A Demonstration of God’s sovereignty not just over Israel but over ALL the nations, ALL creation. Ammonites, Moabites, Edomites, Philistines, Tyre, Sidon, Egyptians “Because you have clapped your hands and stamped your feet and rejoiced with all the malice within you against the land of Israel, 7 therefore I have stretched out my hand against you, and will hand you over as plunder to the nations. I will cut you off from the peoples and will make you perish out of the countries... Then you shall know that I am the LORD.” (25:6-7) The Good Shepherd (Ch. 34) . For thus says the Lord God: I myself will search for my sheep, and will seek them out. 12 As shepherds seek out their flocks when they are among their scattered sheep, so I will seek out my sheep. I will rescue them from all the places to which they have been scattered… (34:11-12) The Valley of Dry Bones (Ch. 37) . “Son of man, can these bones live?” (37:33) . “…as I prophesied, suddenly there was a noise, a rattling, and the bones came together, bone to its bone. I looked, and there were sinews on them, and flesh had come upon them, and skin had covered them; but there was no breath in them.” (37:7-8) Ch. 40-48 – The Temple Restored! And there, the glory of the God of Israel was coming from the east; the sound was like the sound of mighty waters; and the earth shone with his glory. 3 The vision I saw was like the vision that I had seen when he came to destroy the city, and like the vision that I had seen by the river Chebar; and I fell upon my face. 4 As the glory of the Lord entered the temple by the gate facing east, 5 the spirit lifted me up, and brought me into the inner court; and the glory of the Lord filled the temple. (43:2-5) The last verse in the book! “And the name of the city from that time on shall be, ‘The Lord is There!’” . “a doom oracle against Edom for taking advantage of the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem in 586BC” (…probably!) . What is a ”doom oracle?” . The Announcement of doom (v. 1-9) . The Reasons for doom (v. 10-14) . The Promised Future for Jacob/Israel (15-21) . Why Edom? (Remember Psalm137 from last week’s sermon) . From whom did the Edomites descend? (See Gen. 25:19-34. Historic Enemies!!!) . Edom is the subject of more prophetic oracles than any other foreign nation (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Amos Joel, Malachi, Obadiah) . Shortest book in the OT . This would have been read to the Judeans, not the Edomites. Why? . An Israelite of noble or royal descent . Taken captive by Nebuchadnezzar . Successfully served in Babylonian and Persian governments . Interpreted dreams and had apocalyptic vision . Does it belong in the Prophets or Writings? . Contains stories about a prophet, not by a prophet . Contains apocalyptic visions, not prophetic oracles . It is written during a time of distress to encourage and inspire God’s people, not call them to repentance in light of coming judgments. Note: Ch. 1, 7-12 are in Hebrew; Ch. 2-6 are in Aramaic. Part One: Court stories of Daniel and his three friends . Daniel and his determination to be pure though in exile (1:1-21) . Nebuchadnezzar's dream and Daniel's promotion (2:1-49) . Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego & the fiery furnace (3:1-30) . Nebuchadnezzar's second dream and temporary insanity (4:1-37) . The writing on the wall and fall of Belshazzar (5:1-31) . Darius and his den of lions (6:1-28) Part Two: Apocalyptic Visions . Daniel's dream of the four beasts (7:1-28) . Daniel's dream of the ram and the goat (8:1-27) . Daniel's prayer, and the vision of the seventy weeks (9:1-27) . Daniel's vision of the time of the end (10:1-12:13) . The Big Takeaway: God will judge his enemies and God’s kingdom has a glorious future. It was born in a time of oppression. Ezekiel 11:16-25 . Jeremiah 29:4-14 . The nations will be conquered and destroyed. There will be a “Day of the Lord” for all the nations. Plan 1: Plan 2: Ezekiel = 48 ch. Day One: 4-5,6,8,9 Daniel = 12 Day Two: 12,14,15,16, Obadiah = 1! Day Three: 22,23,24 12ch/day +1 Day Four: 34,37, Obadiah Day Five: Daniel 1-6 .
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