Sulaymaniyah
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Overview SULAYMANIYAH GOVERNORATE PROFILE GOVERNORATE OF ORIGIN 13% May-August 2015 Anbar Situated in north-eastern Iraq and bordering Iran, 5,298 IDP individuals 1,818 IDP individuals Babylon Sulaymaniah governorate has a total population of 3% 1% 21% Baghdad 1,893,617 (excluding Syrian refugees and IDPs). Diyala GENDER- AGE BREAKDOWN Together with Erbil and Dahuk, it comprises the Ninewa area administrated by the Kurdistan Regional 7% 4% 55% Government (KRG). 8,688 IDP individuals 0-5 5% 1,170 IDP individuals 354 IDP individuals Since the onset of violence in December 2013, 1% almost 0% MOST COMMON SHELTER TYPE Sulaymaniah received further IDPs in the 6-11 aftermath of three security incidents: the January IDP all s in of i 12-18 Anbar Crisis, the June Mosul Crisis and the August ra 14,496 IDP individuals % q Sinjar offensive. Currently, the governorate is a 5 9% 7,674IDP individuals safe haven for over 163,000 IDPs. 5% 19-49 90,642 IDP individuals Rented Camps Unfinished/ Sulaymaniyah has relatively stable security, this 56% 2,988 IDP individuals 50+ being the main attraction for those who moved 2% housing 89% 7% Abandoned building 1% there; however, the growing population has 0 strained the local economy, services and infrastruc- INTENTIONS 6,000 8,000 ture. As a result, basic services are impaired and 2,000 4,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 the economic capacity of KRG stretched to its 30,006 IDP individuals Notably, 57% of all IDPs assessed in Anbar were under 18. limit. This in turn led in August to host community 18% Chamchamal 100% Additionally, there was nearly as many women as there demonstrations in Darabandikhan. Darbandikhan 100% IDP camps was men. Additionally, IOM staff reported that disagree- Dokan 88% 12% Information based on DTM Master List, RoundTotal XXVII, population: August 11,184 IDP individuals Halabja 90% 10% ment between KRG and the central Iraqi Govern- Displacement trends DISPLACEMENT OVER TIME ment concerning the central budget allocation and Group Assessment, Cycle 2 from 31st August. Kalar 51% 49% impeded trade, business projects and increased IDP individuals in the ISF actions on the ground culminated in liberating numerous areas likely to move first to Baghdad, then to Sulaymaniyah, attracted by Penjwin 4% 96% governorate unemployment. its administrative and international character, as well as camps. The besieged by armed groups earlier this year, fostering hopes of return. Pshdar 100% Exacerbated tensions between Turkey and PKK The number of IDPs in Sulaymaniyah consequently dropped by international airport is also of utmost importance, as many IDPs Rania led to the July and August Turkish airstrikes that almost 10,000 individuals between May and August. Sixty per cent were reported to have fled abroad: youths were the most likely to 88% 12% emigrate. Sharbazher 100% 174,066 174,528 targeted PKK posts in Pshdar district. Reportedly, 168,582 of these went back to Diyala, mainly to Al-Khalis and Al-Muqdadiyah 168,192 162,384 163,134 159,822 there were no casualties. districts. The remainder moved to the Tikrit district of Salah al-Din. All the above factors combined to result in Sulaymaniyah hosting a Sulaymaniya 95% 5% 156,774 The districts neighbouring Kirkuk, Diyala and Salah al-Din, such as variety of IDPs who originate from most of the conflict-affected 125,658 For more information on the governorates please Grand Total 87% 13% 128,118 refer to our previous governorate profiles, Chamchamal, Dokan and Darabandikhan, as well as eastern Sharbaz- governorates in Iraq; however, lack of a common ethnic background 100,968 her, witnessed a significant drop in IDP figures. It is thought that the and the strain caused by the population explosion combined to fuel 97,194 available on IOM website Return to place of origin 88,242 (http://iomiraq.net/allreports). close proximity of areas of displacement and origin influenced the tensions between the host community and IDPs. 78,960 80,130 IDP return movement. Waiting on one or several factors Return to Area of Past The lengthening conflict will presumably attract more IDPs to Displacement Despite these returns, continuing fighting between ISF and armed Sulaymaniyah. The governorate’s capital is most likely to receive the TOP PRIORITY NEEDS 24,402 groups, as well as armed group activities, force IDPs from conflict- biggest influx, while districts adjoining governorates where the 20,028 affected areas to flee to Sulaymaniyah. In the reporting period liberation campaign is implemented are more likely to generate new between May and August, the governorate received an additional return movements. 24,734 IDPs originating from Anbar. Spreading violence in the 27,189 IDPs 163,134 IDPs 57% Access FAMILIES INDIVIDUALS OF ALL IDPS ARE governorates between Anbar and Sulaymaniyah forced many of 83% May-14 July-14 July -15 to work April-14 June-14 April-15May -15June -15 UNDER 18 March-15 those into multiple displacements. Reportedly, the Anbar IDPs were August-14 January-15 August -15 The first priority need October-14 February-15 September-14November-14December-14 Information based on DTM Master List, Round XXVII, August and Group Assessment, Cycle 2 from 3 September. Produced and disseminated by International Organization for Migration IOM Iraq Funded by the Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration PRM Shelters Intentions Needs IOM assists in transportation of IDPs from Arbat camp to Ashty camp. Shelter trends in Sulaymaniyah between May and An IOM field officer registering IDPs who will be transferred to the new As ISF reclaims more areas, IDPs continue to return to The 2014 unemployment rate of 68 per cent combined August were fairly consistent, given that IDPs camp. their governorates of origin, which strengthens this with almost 90 per cent of IDPs in Sulaymaniyah renting assessed in August 2015 were still most likely (89%) intention among those who were hitherto undecided. apartments, makes work the first priority need for 83 to rent apartments. The majority who moved after This was confirmed by IDPs assessed in Sulaymaniyah, per cent of the respondents, to secure their housing and the outbreak of the conflict had no relatives in the who expressed a growing desire to return, especially in provide for their families. governorate, owing to their different ethnic districts bordering the conflict-affected governorates Overall, 43 per cent of those who needed work indicated backgrounds. IDPs were, therefore, more likely to that have already witnessed return movements, namely that employment was available, but that they were not rely on themselves and feel responsible for the Chamchamal, Darabandikhan, Dokan and Rania, as well qualified to meet its requirements. At the same time, 40 SULAYMANIYAH welfare of their families. The sudden influx of IDPs as Halabja, situated in the south-east of the governorate per cent stated that job opportunities were scarce, while causes soaring rents, forcing many families to move and central Sulaymaniyah. 16 per cent claimed that the resulting income was too between districts and shelters in search of cheaper Intentions were generally influenced by difficulties low. Over 40 per cent of those in Sulaymaniyah, Penjwin, housing. encountered in displacement areas, originating from Halabja and Darabandikhan who needed work had ethnic backgrounds differing from host communities, experienced job scarcity. Rented houses generally do not provide adequate different languages and depletion of funds in rent among Additionally, 12 per cent of those assessed considered living conditions, as many are unfurnished and the vast majority of IDPs. food as their first priority need, due to depleted funds GOVERNORATE dilapidated. IDPs who rent housing frequently Kalar was the only district where IDP hesitation was and increased demand in local markets causing soaring exhaust their funds, a situation which has already growing: at May 2015 only 15 per cent of respondents prices. PROFILE caused destitution among the displaced. If the crisis were waiting to determine their decision, while this grew Protracted conflict prevents many IDPs from returning is prolonged, this issue is very likely to be exacer- to 49 per cent in August. This is presumably related to to their governorates, provoking further exhaustion of bated. the newly established Taza camp that accommodates their funds. This will cause IDPs more financial difficul- MAY-AUGUST 2015 more IDPs and provides them with basic services. ties and will probably result in growing demand for As more IDPs fled to Sulaymaniyah, local authorities Overall, growing return confirms the genuine character employment, food and daily-use items. together with international organizations decided of assessed intentions and indicates that more families to establish a new camp in Tanjaro sub-district. currently living in Sulaymaniyah will go back to their Many families residing in Arbat camp in May were homes, if and when possible; however, many IDPs are transported to the newly erected Asty camp in June. also likely to flee abroad. MAY -AUGUST 2015 This decision aimed to solve overcrowding in the Arbat camp and improve sanitation and living conditions for IDPs. Taza camp, an additional IDP camp, was also established in August, located in 30000 NEEDS BY DISTRICTS Kalar district, 150 km from Sulaymaniyah city centre. 25000 Chamchamal 79% 13% 7% 1% Darbandikhan 27% 68% 5% 20000 Dokan 68% 29% 3% 1% The displaced population throughout the governo- Halabja 56% 27% 14% 3% rate continues to suffer from its dilapidated 15000 Kalar 90% 5% 1% 3% GOVERNORATE PROFILE infrastructure and frequent failures in basic ameni- 10000 Penjwin 41% 59% ties. Reportedly, there was a shortage of potable Pshdar 99% 1% water in July. Additionally, electricity supplies were 5000 Rania 81% 8% 10% reduced to 10 hours per day. The strain placed on Sharbazher 100% basic services will presumably increase with the 0 Sulaymaniya 87% 10% 2%1% International Organization for Migration new wave of IDPs fleeing to the governorate.