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Exavaciones Arqueológicas En Los Samanes 2010 EXAVACIONES ARQUEOLÓGICAS EN LOS SAMANES 2010 EXAVACIONES ARQUEOLÓGICAS EN LOS SAMANES PROYECTO LOS SAMANES 2010 (INFORME DE CAMPO) Por Jonathan Damp Ángelo Constantine Castro Amelia Sánchez Mosquera Nicholas Damp Patricia Vargas Sánchez Presentado al Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural M.I. Municipalidad de Guayaquil Diciembre de 2010 ii Tabla de Contenidos Tabla de Contenidos ....................................................................................................................... iii I. INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................................ 1 1. Descripción del Proyecto Los Samanes 2010 .......................................................................... 2 Ubicación Geográfica del Sitio ................................................................................................ 4 Autoridad ................................................................................................................................ 4 Objetivos ................................................................................................................................. 4 Objetivos Particulares ............................................................................................................. 4 Justificación ............................................................................................................................. 5 2. Fases Previas del Proyecto ...................................................................................................... 6 3. Organización del Informe ........................................................................................................ 8 II. ANTECEDENTES ........................................................................................................................... 9 4. Aspectos Geográficos ............................................................................................................ 10 Clima ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Fauna y Flora ......................................................................................................................... 10 Geomorfología, Suelos y Estratigrafía .................................................................................. 11 5. Historia Cultural .................................................................................................................... 13 Arcaico .................................................................................................................................. 14 Formativo Temprano ............................................................................................................ 14 Formativo Medio .................................................................................................................. 14 Formativo Tardío ................................................................................................................... 15 Desarrollo Regional ............................................................................................................... 15 Integración ............................................................................................................................ 16 Gran Guayaquil y Los Samanes ............................................................................................. 16 El Modelado GIS de Asentamiento Prehistórico en el Bajo Cuenca del Guayas. ................. 18 6. Diseño de la Investigación .................................................................................................... 30 III. ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS .................................................................................................. 32 7. Actividades ............................................................................................................................ 33 8. Trabajo Previo a la Excavación .............................................................................................. 34 9. Trabajo de Campo ................................................................................................................. 35 Mapa y Excavación ................................................................................................................ 35 10. Metodología y Técnicas de Excavación y Laboratorio ........................................................ 37 Excavaciones ......................................................................................................................... 37 Laboratorio............................................................................................................................ 40 IV. PRESENTACIÓN DE LOS RESULTADOS ..................................................................................... 41 11. Topografía ........................................................................................................................... 42 12. Excavación de Unidad C ...................................................................................................... 44 Excavación ............................................................................................................................. 44 Rasgos de Unidad C ............................................................................................................... 49 13. Exploración de Unidad D ..................................................................................................... 55 14. Exploración de Unidad E ..................................................................................................... 56 15. Excavación de Unidad F ...................................................................................................... 57 iii 16. Exploración de Unidad G ..................................................................................................... 59 17. Resumen ............................................................................................................................. 60 El Sitio .................................................................................................................................... 60 Relaciones Estratigráficas ..................................................................................................... 61 La Choza Chorrera ................................................................................................................. 62 V. ANÁLISIS DEL MATERIAL RECUPERADO .................................................................................... 63 18. Análisis Radiocarbono ......................................................................................................... 64 Los Samanes en su Contexto Cronológico en el Ecuador ..................................................... 65 19. Inventario de la Cerámica ................................................................................................... 68 20. Inventario de la Lítica .......................................................................................................... 69 Sílex ....................................................................................................................................... 69 Obsidiana .............................................................................................................................. 71 21. Inventario de la Concha y Fauna ......................................................................................... 74 Fauna ..................................................................................................................................... 74 Concha .................................................................................................................................. 77 22. Inventario de Hallazgos Especiales ................................................................................... 106 Cuentas ............................................................................................................................... 106 Artefactos de Metal ............................................................................................................ 107 Torteros ............................................................................................................................... 108 Bahareque ........................................................................................................................... 109 Figurines .............................................................................................................................. 110 Silbatos ................................................................................................................................ 113 Sellos ................................................................................................................................... 113 Colgante .............................................................................................................................. 114 Hueso Trabajado ................................................................................................................. 114 Toberos ............................................................................................................................... 114 Metales ............................................................................................................................... 115 Piedra Pulida ......................................................................................................................
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